SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE

Chapter 1 - CONCRETE
Table 1-1 CONVERSION FROM INCHES TO METER Table 1-2 CONCRETE PROPORTION
Mixture Cement in Bag Sand cu. Gravel cu.
Number Accurate Value Approximate Value Number Accurate Value Approximate Value Proportion
Class 40 kg. 50 kg. m. m.
1 0.0254 0.025 21 0.5334 0.525 AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 12 9.5 0.5 1
2 0.0508 0.05 22 0.5588 0.55 A 1 : 2 : 4 9 7 0.5 1
3 0.0762 0.075 23 0.5842 0.575 B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 7.5 6 0.5 1
4 0.1016 0.1 24 0.6096 0.6 C 1 : 3 : 6 6 5 0.5 1
5 0.127 0.125 25 0.635 0.625

6 0.1524 0.15 26 0.6604 0.65 Table 1-3 QUANTITY OF CEMENT, SAND AND GRAVEL FOR SLAB AND WALLS PER
7 0.1778 0.175 27 0.6858 0.675 SQUARE METER AREA
8 0.2032 0.2 28 0.7112 0.7 Slab Mixture Class
Sand cu. Gravel cu.
9 0.2286 0.225 29 0.7366 0.725 Thick-ness 40 kg. Cement 50 kg. Cement m. m.
10 0.254 0.25 30 0.762 0.75 cm. A B C A B C
5 0.45 0.375 0.3 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.025 0.05
11 0.2794 0.275 31 0.7874 0.775 7.5 0.675 0.563 0.45 0.525 0.45 0.375 0.0375 0.075
12 0.3048 0.3 32 0.8128 0.8 10 0.9 0.75 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.05 0.1
13 0.3302 0.325 33 0.8382 0.825 12.5 1.125 0.938 0.75 0.875 0.75 0.625 0.063 0.125
14 0.3556 0.35 34 0.8636 0.85 15 1.35 1.125 0.9 1.05 0.9 0.75 0.075 0.15
15 0.381 0.375 35 0.889 0.875 17.5 1.575 1.313 1.05 1.225 1.05 0.875 0.088 0.175
20 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.2 1 0.1 0.2
16 0.4064 0.4 36 0.9144 0.9 22.5 2.03 1.688 1.35 1.575 1.35 1.125 0.1125 0.225
17 0.4318 0.425 37 0.9398 0.925 25 2.25 1.875 1.5 1.75 1.5 1.25 0.125 0.25
18 0.4572 0.45 38 0.9652 0.95 27.5 2.475 2.063 1.65 1.925 1.65 1.375 0.138 0.275
19 0.4826 0.475 39 0.9906 0.975 30 2.7 2.25 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.5 0.15 0.3
20 0.508 0.5 40 1.016 1

Table 1-4 QUANTITY OF CEMENT, SAND AND GRAVEL FOR POST Table 1-5 QUANTITY OF CEMENT , SAND AND GRAVEL PER Table 1-6 QUANTITY OF CEMENT , SAND AND GRAVEL
BEAM AND GIRDER PER METER LENGTH METER LENGTH OF CIRCULAR COLUMN PER CONCRETE PIPE
Mixture Class Mixture Class Cement in Bags
Diameter in
Size Sand cu. Gravel cu. Col. Dia. Sand cu. Gravel cu. Centimete Sand cu. Gravel cu.
40 kg. Cement 50 kg. Cement 40 kg. Cement 50 kg. Cement Class of Mixture
cm. m. m. cm. m. m. m. m.
A B A B A B A B D d A B
15 X 20 0.27 0.225 0.21 0.18 0.015 0.03 25 0.442 0.368 0.344 0.295 0.025 0.05 21 15 0.152 0.127 0.009 0.018
15 X 25 0.338 0.281 0.263 0.225 0.019 0.038 30 0.636 0.53 0.495 0.424 0.035 0.07 26 20 0.195 0.163 0.011 0.022
15 X 30 0.405 0.338 0.315 0.27 0.023 0.045 35 0.866 0.722 0.673 0.577 0.048 0.096 33 25 0.328 0.274 0.018 0.037
15 X 35 0.473 0.394 0.369 0.315 0.026 0.053 40 1.131 0.942 0.88 0.754 0.063 0.126 39 30 0.436 0.363 0.025 0.05
15 X 40 0.54 0.45 0.42 0.36 0.03 0.06 50 1.767 1.473 1.374 1.178 0.098 0.196 50 40 0.635 0.53 0.036 0.072
55 2.138 1.782 1.663 1.425 0.119 0.238 60 50 0.779 0.65 0.044 0.088
20 X 20 0.36 0.3 0.28 0.24 0.2 0.04 60 2.545 2.121 1.979 1.696 0.141 0.282 78 60 1.755 1.463 0.098 0.196
20 X 25 0.45 0.375 0.35 0.3 0.025 0.05 65 2.986 2.488 2.323 1.991 0.166 0.332 90 70 2.26 1.883 0.126 0.252
20 X 30 0.54 0.45 0.42 0.36 0.03 0.06 70 3.464 2.886 2.694 2.309 0.192 0.384 100 80 2.538 2.115 0.141 0.282

20 X 35 0.63 0.525 0.49 0.42 0.035 0.07 75 3.976 3.313 3.093 2.651 0.221 0.442 110 90 2.826 2.355 0.157 0.314

20 X 40 0.72 0.6 0.56 0.48 0.04 0.08 80 4.524 3.77 3.519 3.016 0.251 0.502 120 100 3.11 2.595 0.173 0.346

85 5.107 4.256 3.972 3.405 0.284 0.568 144 120 4.482 3.735 0.249 0.498
25 X 25 0.563 0.469 0.438 0.375 0.031 0.063 90 5.726 4.771 4.453 3.817 0.318 0.636 174 150 5.5 4.583 0.306 0.612
25 X 30 0.675 0.563 0.525 0.45 0.038 0.075 100 7.069 5.89 5.498 4.712 0.393 0.786
25 X 35 0.788 0.656 0.613 0.525 0.044 0.088
25 X 40 0.9 0.75 0.7 0.6 0.05 0.1
25 X 45 1.013 0.844 0.788 0.675 0.056 0.113
25 X 50 1.125 0.938 0.875 0.7 0.063 0.125

30 X 30 0.81 0.675 0.63 0.54 0.045 0.09

30 X 35 0.945 0.788 0.735 0.63 0.053 0.105
30 X 40 1.08 0.9 0.84 0.72 0.06 0.12
30 X 45 1.125 1.013 0.945 0.81 0.068 0.135
30 X 50 1.35 1.125 1.05 0.9 0.075 0.15

35 X 35 1.103 0.919 0.858 0.735 0.061 0.123

35 X 40 1.26 1.05 0.98 0.84 0.07 0.14
35 X 45 1.418 1.181 1.103 0.945 0.079 0.158
35 X 50 1.575 1.313 1.225 1.05 0.088 0.175

35 X 55 1.89 1.575 1.47 1.26 0.105 0.21

40 X 40 1.44 1.2 1.12 0.96 0.08 0.16

40 X 45 1.62 1.35 1.26 1.08 0.09 0.18
40 X 50 1.8 1.5 1.4 0.2 0.1 0.2
40 X 55 1.98 1.65 1.54 1.32 0.11 0.22
40 X 60 2.16 1.8 1.68 1.44 0.12 0.24

45 X 45 1.823 1.519 1.418 1.215 0.101 0.203

45 X 50 2.025 1.688 1.575 1.35 0.113 0.226
45 X 55 2.228 1.856 1.733 1.485 0.124 0.248
45 X 60 2.43 2.025 1.89 1.62 0.135 0.27

50 X 50 2.25 1.875 1.75 1.5 0.125 0.25

50 X 55 2.475 2.063 1.9925 1.65 0.138 0.275
50 X 60 2.7 2.25 2.1 1.8 0.15 0.3

55 X 60 2.97 2.475 2.31 1.98 0.165 0.33

55 X 70 3.465 2.888 2.695 2.31 0.193 0.386
55 X 80 3.96 3.3 3.08 2.64 0.22 0.44
55 X 90 4.455 3.713 3.465 2.97 0.248 0.495
55 X 100 4.95 4.125 3.85 3.3 0.275 0.55

60 X 60 3.24 2.7 2.52 2.16 0.18 0.36

60 X 70 3.78 3.15 2.94 2.52 0.21 0.42

60 X 80 4.32 3.6 3.36 2.88 0.24 0.48

60 X 90 4.86 4.05 3.78 3.24 0.27 0.54
60 X 100 5.4 4.5 4.2 3.6 0.3 0.6

65 X 60 3.51 2.925 2.73 2.34 0.195 0.39

65 X 70 4.095 3.413 3.185 2.73 0.228 0.455
65 X 80 4.68 3.9 3.64 3.12 0.26 0.52
65 X 90 5.265 4.388 4.095 3.51 0.293 0.585
65 X 100 5.85 4.875 4.55 3.9 0.325 0.65

70 X 70 4.41 3.675 3.43 2.94 0.245 0.49

70 X 80 5.04 4.2 3.92 3.36 0.28 0.56
70 X 90 5.67 4.725 4.41 3.78 0.315 0.63
70 X 100 6.3 5.25 4.9 4.2 0.35 0.7

75 X 70 4.725 3.938 3.675 3.15 0.263 0.525

75 X 80 5.4 4.5 4.2 3.6 0.3 0.72
75 X 90 6.075 5.063 4.725 4.05 0.338 0.675
75 X 100 6.75 5.625 5.25 4.5 0.375 0.75

80 X 80 5.76 4.8 4.48 3.84 0.32 0.64

80 X 90 6.48 5.4 5.04 4.32 0.36 0.72
80 X 100 7.65 6.375 5.95 5.1 0.525 1.05

85 X 80 6.12 5.1 4.76 4.08 0.34 0.68

85 X 90 6.885 5.738 5.355 4.59 0.385 0.765
85 X 100 7.65 6.375 5.95 5.1 0.425 0.85

90 X 90 7.29 6.075 5.67 4.86 0.405 0.81

90 X 100 8.1 6.75 6.3 5.4 0.45 0.9

95 X 90 7.695 6.413 5.985 5.13 0.428 0.855

95 X 100 8.55 7.125 6.65 5.7 0.475 0.95

100 X100 9 7.5 7 6 0.5 1

 SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE
Chapter 2 - MASONRY

Table 2-1 QUANTITY OF CEMENT AND SAND FOR Table 2-2 QUANTITY OF CEMENT AND SAND FOR CHB MORTAR PER Table 2-3 QUANTITY OF CEMENT AND SAND PER ONE HUNDRED
MORTAR AND PLASTER IN CUBIC METER SQUARE METER BLOCKS
Class Cement in Bags Sand cu. Number Bags Cement Mixture Sand cu. Cement in Bags 40 kg
Proportion Size of CHB in cm. Sand cu.
Mixture 40 kg. 50 kg. m. per sq. m. A B C D m. Size of CHB Mixture m.
A 1 : 2 18 14.5 1 10 x 20 x 40 12.5 0.792 0.522 0.394 0.328 0.0435 A B C D
B 1 : 3 12 9.5 1 15 x 20 x 40 12.5 1.526 1.018 0.763 0.633 0.0844 10 x 20 x 40 6.336 4.176 3.152 2.624 0.348
C 1 : 4 9 7 1 20 x 20 x 40 12.5 2.26 1.5 1.125 0.938 0.125 15 x 20 x 40 12.15 8.104 6.072 5.064 0.675
D 1 : 5 7.5 6 1 20 x 20 x 40 18.072 12 9 7.504 1

Table 2-4 QUANTITY OF CEMENT AND SAND FOR Table 2-7 QUALITY OF CEMENT OF DECORATIVE BLOCKS
Table 2-6 QUANTITY OF CEMENT, SAND AND GRAVEL PER BLOCK
PLASTER PER SQUARE METER AREA CEMENT AND SAND PER 100 BLOCKS
Cement in Bags 40 kg. Cement in Bag Cement in Bag at 40 kg.
Mixture Thickness of Plaster Size in Centimeters Class Mixture Sand Gravel Size in cm. Number Class Mixture Sand per 100 blocks
Class
8 mm 12 mm 16 mm 20 mm 25 mm B C per sq. m. A B
A 0.144 0.216 0.288 0.36 0.45 Stretcher Block 5 x 10 200 0.018 0.12 0.01
B 0.096 0.144 0.192 0.24 0.3 2-core 20 cm. 0.092 0.072 0.0067 0.0085 5 x 15 133 0.27 0.18 0.015
C 0.072 0.108 0.144 0.18 0.225 2-core 15 cm. 0.0623 0.0488 0.003 0.0045 5 x 20 100 0.36 0.24 0.02
D 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.188 5 x 25 80 0.45 0.3 0.025
Sand 0.008 0.012 0.016 0.02 0.025 L-Corner Block 5 x 20 50 0.72 0.48 0.04
2-core 20 cm. 0.0867 0.0687 0.006 0.0095 5 x 25 40 0.9 0.6 0.05
2-core 15 cm. 0.059 0.0467 0.0041 0.007 5 x 30 33 1.08 0.72 0.06

Single End Block

2-core 20 cm. 0.0885 0.0698 0.0063 0.009 TABLE 2-8 QUNATITY OF CEMENT AND SAND FOR VARIOUS
2-core 15 cm. 0.0612 0.0482 0.0044 0.0075 TYPES OF BRICKS PER 100 BLOCKS
2-core 10cm. 0.042 0.0315 0.0035 0.0055
Size in Centimeters
Number Cement in Bag 40 kg. Sand per
Half Block T H L per sq. m. A B 100 blocks
20 x 20 cm. 0.04 0.032 0.003 0.005 6 x 11 x 19 38.5 0.346 0.23 0.019
15 x 15 cm. 0.027 0.0215 0.002 0.0035 10 x 14 x19 33.3 0.612 0.408 0.034

10 x 14 x 23 27.8 0.684 0.456 0.038

Beam Block 10 x 14 x 24 16 0.882 0.588 0.049
2-core 20 cm. 0.0878 0.0732 0.005 0.0098 10 x 14 x 39 16.7 0.972 0.648 0.054
2-core 15 cm. 0.0585 0.0488 0.004 0.007 10 x 14 x 39 12.5 1.062 0.708 0.059

TABLE 2-9 QUANTITY OF CEMENT AND SAND FOR AADOBE MORTAR PER TABLE 2-11 QUANTITY OF CEMENT AND SAND FOR
SQAURE METER PLASTERING ADOBE STONE PER SQAURE METER
40 kg. Cement in Bags Cement in Bag at 40 kg.
Class of mixtures Sand in Class of Mixtures Sand cu.
Side
No. per sq. cu. m. m.
Commercial Size in cm. B C D B C D
m.

One Face 0.24 0.18 0.15 0.02

15 x 15 x 45 14.8 0.173 0.13 0.108 0.015 Two Faces 0.48 0.36 0.3 0.04
15 x 20 x 45 11 0.132 0.099 0.083 0.011
15 x 30 x 30 11 0.088 0.066 0.055 0.007
15 x 30 x 40 8.3 0.089 0.067 0.056 0.008 TABLE 2-12 QUANTITY OF CEMENT AND SAND ON A
15 x 35 x 45 7.4 0.091 0.068 0.057 0.008 STONE RIP-RAP PER CUBIC METER
Cemenet in Bags
Sand in
Stone Class Grout Mixture cu. m.
TABLE 2-10 QUANTITY OF ADOBE STONE CEMENT AND SAND A B C
FOR BUTRESSES AND FOOTINGS Class - A 2.574 1.716 1.287 0.143
Buttress and footing Class - B 2.448 1.62 1.214 0.135
Cement per Meter Ht. Class
Number of of mixture Sand cu. Class - C 2.232 1.488 1.116 0.124
Buttress No. of
stone per m. Class - D 1.944 1.296 0.972 0.108
cross Courses
sction M. ht. A B C
30 x 45 2 12 0.233 0.156 0.117 0.013
45 x 45 3 18 0.35 0.233 0.175 0.019
45 x 60 4 24 0.468 0.312 0.234 0.026
45 x 75 5 30 0.583 0.389 0.292 0.032
45 x 95 6 36 0.702 0.468 0.351 0.039

Chapter 3 - METAL REINFORCEMENT

TABLE 3-1 STANDARD WEIGHT OF PLAIN OR DEFORMED ROUND STEEL

TABLE 3-3 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL BARS
BARS IN KILOGRAMS TABLE 3-2 DEFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
Bonding Diameter of
Length of steel bars in Meters Max. Tensile
Nominal Average Height Tolerance Max. value Yield Specimen Elongation Angle pin
Diam. 5 6 7.5 9 10.5 12 13.5 Spacing of Class Grades strength Strength in 20 mm
degree d=nominal
diameter minimum Maximum summation mm percent mm
8 mm 1.96 2.37 2.96 3.56 4.15 4.74 5.33 Logs of logs gap mps mrp Mps mm Specimen dia. at.

10 mm 3.06 3.7 4.82 5.54 6.47 7.39 8.32 8 7 0.3 0.6 5.5 Hot rolled 230 390 390 D < 25 18 180 3d
12 mm 4.44 5.33 6.66 7.99 9.32 10.66 11.99 10 7 0.4 0.8 7.8 D < 25 16 4d
13 mm 5.21 6.25 7.83 9.38 10.94 12.5 14.07 12 8.4 0.5 1 9.4 275 480 480 D < 25 10 180 4d
Non weldable
16 mm 7.9 9.47 11.84 14.21 16.58 18.95 21.32 13 9.1 0.6 1.2 10.2 def. steel bar D < 25 8 5d
20 mm 12.33 14.8 18.5 22.19 25.69 29.59 33.29 16 11.2 0.7 1.4 12.6 415 415 620 D < 25 8 180 5d
25 mm 19.27 23.12 28.9 34.68 40.45 46.24 52.02 20 14 1 2 15.7 D < 25 7 6d
28 mm 24.17 29 36.25 43.5 50.75 58 65.25 25 17.5 1.2 2.4 19.6 230 230 390 D < 25 20 180 3d
Hot rolled
30 mm 27.75 33.29 41.62 49.94 58.26 66.59 74.91 28 19.6 1.4 2.8 22 weldable D < 25 18 4d
32 mm 31.57 37.88 47.35 56.82 66.29 75.76 85.23 30 21 1.5 3 13.6 275 480 480 D < 25 16 180 4d
36 mm 39.96 47.95 59.93 71.92 83.91 95.89 107.88 32 22.4 1.6 3.2 25.1 D < 25 14 5d
36 24.5 1.8 3.6 27.5 415 415 550 D < 25 14 180 5d
D < 25 12 6d
TABLE 3-5 LENGTH OF REINIFORCING BARS FOR CHB
TABLE 3-4 AREAS OF GROUPS OF REINFORCING STEEL BARS
IN METERS
Number of Bars (mm^2)
Vertical Reinforcement Horizontal ReinforcementLegth in bars in meter
Bar dia. length of bars in meter
Space
Mm. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Spacing layer

6 28 57 85 113 141 170 198 226 254 283 cm Per block Per sq. m. Per block Per sq. m.
8 50 101 151 201 251 302 352 402 452 503 40 0.0235 2.93 2 0.264 3.3
10 79 157 236 314 383 470 550 628 707 785 60 0.171 2.13 3 0.172 2.15
12 113 226 339 452 565 679 792 905 1017 1131 80 0.128 1.6 4 0.138 1.72
16 201 402 603 804 1005 1206 1407 1608 1809 2011
20 314 628 942 1257 1571 1885 2199 2513 2827 3142
24 491 982 1473 1963 2454 2945 3436 3927 4418 4909
32 804 1608 2412 3216 4021 4825 5629 6433 7237 8042
40 1256 2513 3769 5026 6283 7539 8796 1005 1131 1257

TABLE 3-8 NUMBER OF LATERAL TILES IN ONE STEEL BAR AND QUANTITY PER METER LENGTH OF COLUMN
Number of Cut in One Steel Bar Length
TALE 3-6 NO. 16 GI TIE WIRE FOR CHB Lateral Ties Spacing Number of Lateral Ties per M. ht. Length of Ties with Hook & Bend
TABLE 3-7 NUMBER 5 M. 6 M. 7.5 M 9 M. 12 M.
REINFORCEMENT PER SQAURE METER
DIAMETER OF STEEL BARS 6.70 60 X 10 X 15 20
Bar no.
15
Kilograms per square meter Designation
inches mm. 70 7 X X X 17
Vertical Horizontal
layer 5.15
spacing 6 X X 11 15
spacing 25 cm tie 30 cm tie 40 cm tie 2 1/4 6 20 80
3 3/8 10 85 X 7 X X 14
40 2 0.54 0.065 0.086 4 1/2 12 4.13 90 X X 8 10 13
25
40 3 0.039 0.047 0.063 5 5/8 16 95 5 X X X X
40 4 0.024 0.029 0.039 6 3/4 20 3.43 100 5 6 X 9 12
30
60 2 0.036 0.044 0.057 7 7/8 22 105 X X 7 X X
60 3 0.026 0.032 0.042 8 1-0 25 3.00 110 X X X 8 X
35
60 4 0.02 0.024 0.032 9 1,1/8 28 115 X 5 X X X
80 2 0.027 0.033 0.044 10 1,1/4 31 2.64 120 4 5 X X 10
40
80 3 0.02 0.024 0.032 11 1,3/8 35 125 4 X 6 X X
80 4 0.015 0.018 0.024 12 1,1/2 38 2.36 130 X X X X 9
45
13 1,5/8 41 135 X X X X X
14 1,3/4 44 2.14 140 X 4 X X X
50
16 2 50 145 X 4 5 6 X
18 2,1/4 65 1.96 150 X 4 5 6 8
55
160 3 X X X X
60 1.81 170 X X X 5 7
180 X X 4 5 X
190 X 3 X X 6
X 3 X X 6
200
X- Not advisable length for economical reasons
 SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE

TABLE 3-9 NUMBER OF SPIRAL REINFORCING BARS PER METER HEIGHT

Column Pitch No. of Turn Number of Steel Bars from a TABLE 3-10 QUANTITY OF REINFORCING STEEL BARS
Dia. cm. cm. per Meter ht. 6.00 m. 9.00 m. 12.00 m. IN A ONE-WAY REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB
Number of Steel Bars per Square Meter
Bar Spacing cm.
5.00 21.0 2.604 1.706 1.269 6.00 M. 7.50 M 9.00 M. 12.00 M.
30.0 6.25 17.0 2.108 1.381 1.027 10.0 3.764 2.937 2.421 1.769
7.50 14.3 1.778 1.165 0.886 12.5 3.062 2.381 1.934 1.427
15.0 2.584 2.004 1.636 1.197
5.00 21.0 2.894 1.896 1.410 17.5 2.232 1.726 1.407 1.033
32.5 6.25 17.0 2.342 1.535 1.141 20.0 1.980 1.528 1.258 0.914
7.50 14.3 1.975 1.294 0.962 22.5 1.786 1.369 1.109 0.810
25.0 1.627 1.250 1.014 0.736
5.00 21.0 3.183 2.085 1.55
35.0 6.25 17.0 2.577 1.688 1.255
7.50 14.3 2.172 1.423 1.058 TABLE 3-11 QUANTITY OF TIE WIRE ON A ONE WAY REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB IN KILOGRAMS
PER SQUARE METER
5.00 21.0 3.472 2.275 1.692 Length of Steel Bars
37.5 6.25 17.0 2.811 1.842 1.393 Bar Spacing in Centimeters 6.00 M 7.50 M 9.00 M 12.00 M.
7.50 14.3 2.37 1.524 1.154 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.40
10.0 0.474 0.632 0.462 0.616 0.460 0.614 0.448 0.598
5.00 21.0 3.762 2.465 1.833 12.5 0.316 0.422 0.307 0.409 0.295 0.394 0.293 0.391
40.0 6.25 17.0 3.045 1.995 1.484 15.0 0.228 0.303 0.217 0.289 0.214 0.285 0.207 0.276
7.50 14.3 2.567 1.682 1.251 17.5 0.168 0.224 0.162 0.216 0.158 0.210 0.153 0.204
20.0 0.132 0.175 0.126 0.168 0.125 0.167 0.120 0.160
5.00 21.0 4.051 2.654 1.974 22.5 0.110 0.147 0.102 0.135 0.099 0.132 0.095 0.126
42.5 6.25 17.0 3.281 2.149 1.598 25.0 0.089 0.118 0.086 0.114 0.108 0.108 0.077 0.103
7.50 14.3 2.765 1.812 1.347

5.00 21.0 4.340 2.844 2.115 TABLE 3-12 QUANTITY OF STEEL BARS IN A TWO WAY REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB PER SQUARE
45.0 6.25 17.0 3.513 2.302 1.712 METER
7.50 14.3 2.962 1.940 1.443 Number of Steel Bars per Square Meter
Bar Spacing in Centimeters
6.00 M. 7.50 M. 9.00 M. 12.00 M.
5.00 21.0 4.919 3.033 2.256 10.0 4.369 3.337 2.772 2.022
47.5 6.25 17.0 3.982 2.455 1.826 12.5 3.603 2.662 2.245 1.635
7.50 14.3 3.357 2.07 1.539 15.0 3.221 2.296 1.921 1.382
17.5 2.647 2.025 1.650 1.196
5.00 21.0 5.498 3.602 2.678 20.0 2.36 1.775 1.461 1.056
50.0 6.25 17.0 4.525 3.017 2.253 22.5 2.168 1.601 1.312 0.907
7.50 14.3 3.752 2.524 1.888 25.0 1.977 1.466 1.217 0.862

5.00 21.0 6.077 3.981 2.96

6.25 17.0 4.919 3.223 2.396
60.0 TABLE 3-13 TIE WIRE IN A TWO-WAY REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB IN KILOGRAMS PER SQUARE
METER
7.50 14.3 4.146 2.717 2.02

Bar Spacing in Centimeters 6.00 M. 7.50 M. 9.00 M. 12.00 M.

5.00 21.0 7.234 4.74 3.524 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.40
70.0 6.25 17.0 5.856 3.837 2.853 10.0 0.592 0.896 0.648 0.863 0.648 0.864 0.596 0.794
7.50 14.3 4.936 3.234 2.405 12.5 0.416 0.554 0.420 0.560 0.431 0.574 0.421 0.561
15.0 0.350 0.466 0.307 0.409 0.257 0.343 0.297 0.396
5.00 21.0 8.391 5.498 4.088 17.5 0.247 0.330 0.231 0.308 0.223 0.298 0.206 0.275
80.0 6.25 17.0 4.919 4.451 3.31 20.0 0.174 0.232 0.171 0.227 0.173 0.231 0.163 0.217
7.50 14.3 4.146 3.752 2.79 22.5 0.168 0.224 0.150 0.200 0.148 0.198 0.13 0.173
25.0 0.142 0.189 0.134 0.178 0.114 0.152 0.116 0.155
5.00 21.0 6.077 6.256 4.652
90.0 6.25 17.0 4.919 5.064 3.766
7.50 14.3 4.146 4.171 3.101

5.00 21.0 10.706 7.014 5.216

100.0 6.25 17.0 8.667 5.678 4.222
7.50 14.3 7.137 4.676 3.477

Chapter 4 - LUMBER

TABLE 4-1 QUANTITY OF WOOD FLOORING AND SIDING BOARD PER SQUARE TABLE 4-3 NUMBER OF BOARD FOOT OF STUDS AND NAILING JOIST PER
METER AREA SQUARE METER
Size of Board in Inches Effective Width in Meter Board Foot per Sq. M. Spacing in Centimeters (Center to Center)
Lumber size in inches
1" x 3" 0.0625 14.400 30 x 30 30 x 60 40 x 40 40 x 60 60 x 60
1" x 4" 0.0875 13.714 1x2 4.103 3.147 3.189 2.686 2.268
1" x 5" 0.1125 13.333 2x2 8.198 6.293 6.379 5.373 4.594
1" x 6" 0.1375 13.091 2x3 12.284 9.440 9.569 8.060 6.898
2x4 16.414 12.592 12.758 10.746 9.195

TABLE 4-2 QUANTITY OF SIDING WOOD BOARD

Size of Wood Board TABLE 4-4 QUANTITY OF CEILING BOARD PER SQUARE
Number per Meter Run Approx. Board Ft. per Sq. Meter
Inches Centimeter
Board Size in Centimeters Effective Covering per Board Number of pieces per Square Meter
6 15 7.27 17.40
8 20 5.33 12.76 30 x 30 0.09 11.111
40 x 40 0.16 6.250
40 x 60 0.24 4.167
60 x 60 0.36 2.778
60 x 120 0.72 1.389
90 x 180 1.62 0.617
120 x 240 2.88 0.347

Chapter 5 - FORM, SCAFFOLDING AND STAGING

TABLE 5-2 QUANTITY OF METAL FORM FOR CIRCULAR COLUMN TABLE 5-3 QUANTITY OF LUMBER FOR SCAFFOLDING OR STAGING
Length of Vert. Ribs in M. Spacing in Centimeters Length of Column Beam Flooring
Size of Metal Sheet in No. of Sheer per Sq.
Circumferential Ties Lumber
Meters Meter 15 CM 20 CM Board Ft. per M. Ht. Board Ft. per M. Ht. Board Ft.
in Meter Size
.90 x 2.40 0.462 25 18 9.52 Vertical Hor. Brace Vertical Hor. Per sq. M.
1.20 x 2.40 0.347 25 18 9.52 2" x 2" 4.7 21 11.7 4 4.7 6.1
2" x 3" 7 31.67 17.5 6 7 9.1
2" x 4" 9.35 42.25 23.35 8 9.35 12.1

Chapter 6 - ROOFING MATERIALS

TABLE 6-2 EFFECTIBE COVERING OF G.I. TABLE 6-4 SIZE AND QUANTITY OF
TABLE 6-1 STANDARD WEIGHT OF GALVANIZED IRON SHEET IN KILOGRAMS
ROOFING SHEETS STAPS IN ONE PLAIN G.I. SHEET
Effective Covering Number of Number of
LENGTH IN METERS AND FEET Length Side Lapping Purlins Size of Size of
Thick Nails or Strap in
Gauge No. ft. - Spacing in Purlins G.I. Strap
cm. 1.50 5 1.80 6 2.10 7 2.40 8 2.70 3.00 3.60 Rivets per One Plain
Meter Meter Inches in Inches
ft. ft. ft. ft. 9 ft. 10 ft. 12 ft. 1½ 2½ Sheet Sheet
14 0.203 22.36 26.83 31.3 35.78 40.25 44.72 53.66 5' - 1.50 0.7 0.6 0.6 14 2" x 3" 1" x 9" 384
15 0.18 20.25 24.3 28.35 32.4 26.45 40.5 48.6 6' - 1.80 0.7 0.6 0.75 14 2" x 4" 1" x 10" 342
16 0.163 18.44 27.76 23.39 29.02 32.64 36.27 43.52 7' - 2.10 0.7 0.6 0.6 18 2" x 5" 1" x 11" 312
17 0.147 16.43 19.72 23 26.29 29.58 32.86 39.42 8' - 2.40 0.7 0.6 0.7 18 2" x 6" 1" x 12" 288
18 0.132 14.73 17.67 20.62 23.56 26.51 29.45 35.34 9' - 2.70 0.7 0.6 0.6 22
19 0.117 13.03 15.63 18.24 20.84 23.45 26.05 31.27 10' - 3.00 0.7 0.6 0.67 22
20 0.102 11.32 13.58 15.85 18.11 20.38 22.64 27.17 12' - 3.60 0.7 0.6 0.66 26
21 0.094 10.43 12.52 14.6 16.69 18.78 20.86 25.03
22 0.086 9.52 11.54 13.46 15.38 17.31 19.23 23.08
23 0.79 8.73 10.47 12.22 13.96 15.71 17.45 20.94 TABLE 6-3 QUANTITY OF
24 0.71 7.91 9.49 11.07 12.66 14.24 15.82 18.29 ROOF ACCESSORIES IN
25 0.064 7.03 8.43 9.84 11.24 12.65 14.05 16.86 KILOGRAMS
Number per
26 0.56 0.19 7.43 8.66 9.9 11.14 12.38 14.86 Materials Kilogram
27 0.51 5.76 6.91 8.06 9.22 10.37 11.52 13.82 G.I. Roof N 120
28 0.48 5.33 6.39 7.46 8.052 9.59 10.65 12.78 G.I. Rivets 180
29 0.43 4.9 5.88 6.86 7.84 8.82 9.8 11.76 G.I. Washe 126
30 0.41 4.48 5.37 6.27 7.16 8.06 8.95 10.74 Lead Washe 75
Umbrella N 120
 SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE

TABLE 6-5 COMBINATION OF G.I. ROOF SHEETS ON A GIVEN RAFTER LENGTH TABLE 6-6 ROOF ACCESSORIES TABLE 6-9 4-V CORRUGATED SHEET
Rafter No. of Combination of Roof Sheet Length TECHNICAL DATA
Item Effective Length in Meters
Length Sheet Meters Feet Meters Feet Meters Feet Standard Length 2.438 m.
3 1 3 10' Gutter 2.35 Effective width 0.965 m.
3.3 1 3.3 11' Flashing 2.3 Ridge Roll effective Length 0.965 m.
3.6 1 3.6 12' Ridge Roll 2.2 Outside Flashing effective Length 2.286 m.
Valley Roll 2.3
3.9 2 2.1 7' and 2.10 7' Hipped Roll 2.2
4.2 2 2.4 8' and 2.10 7' Soldering Lead ¼ (0.25) bar per solder joint
4.5 2 2.4 8' and 2.40 8' Moriatic Acid 10 cc per soldering lead
4.8 2 3 10' and 2.10 7'
5.1 2 3 10' and 2.40 8'
5.4 2 3 10' and 2.70 9' TABLE 6-7 CORRUGATED PLASTIC ROOF SHEET TABLE 6-10 TENCOR CORRUGATED SHEET
5.7 2 3 10' and 3.00 10' Commercial Size Effective Width Covering Corrugation TECHNICAL DATA
6 2 3.6 12' and 2.70 9' Size Meter 1½ 1½ Standard Length 2.44 m
6.3 2 3.6 12' and 3.00 10' 26" x 8' .650 x 2.40 .46 m. .31 m. Lapping .15 or .30 m
6.6 2 3.6 12' and 3.30 11' 29" x 8' .725 x 2.40 .53 m. .38 m. Effective Length 2.29 or 2.14 m
6.9 2 3.6 12' and 3.60 12' Standard Width .748 m
Effective Width .675 m
7.2 3 3 10' and 2.40 8' and 2.40 8' Outside Flashing 1.50 or 3.00 m
TABLE 6-8 STANDARD CORRUGATED SHEETS
7.5 3 3 10' and 3.00 10' and 2.10 7' Minus Lapping .15 m
7.8 3 3 10' and 3.00 10' and 2.40 8' Length 1.20 x 3.00 m. Ridge Roll .953 m
8.1 3 3.6 12' and 3.00 10' and 2.10 7' End lapping: Below 20 degrees 0.30 m.
8.4 3 3.6 12' and 3.00 10' and 2.40 8' Above 20 degrees 0.15 m.
8.7 3 3.6 12' and 3.60 12' and 2.10 7' Effective width 0.838 m. TABLE 6-11 KANALETAS TECHNICAL DATA
9 3 3.6 12' and 3.60 12' and 2.40 8' Ridge Roll effective length 0.838 m. Length 7.315 m
Gutter effective length 2.336 m. Effective Width .885 m
Outside flashing 2.286 m. Eaves flashing .885 m
TABLE 6-12 ARDEX TECHNICAL DATA Hip roll 1.676 m.
Outside flashing effective length 2.40 to 3.00 m
Standard width .52 m 1.05 m
Effective Width .45 m .97 m
2.40 to 3.60 m
Nominal length .75 to 3.15 m
Ridge roll effective length .95 m .95 m
Outside flashing 1.50 to 2.00 m 1.50 to 3.00 m
Side lapping .15 m .15 m

TABLE 6-13 PLACA ROMANA TECHNICAL DATA TABLE 6-17 COLORBOND CUSTOM ORB TECHNICAL DATA Table 6-21 UPVC ROOF SHEET TECHNICAL DATA
Standard length .912 m Normal width .86 m Profile Ordinary corrugation & Rib-type
Effective length .600 m Effective Coverage .76 m Effective width 0.91 m. for ordinary corrugation
Standard width 1.180 m Length 1.35 m Effective width 0.80 m. for the Rib-type
Effective width 1.100 m Longer length Special Order Color White, beige, translucent
Max. recommended length for
continuous sheet without joints
End lap .200 m Thickness 1.00 mm., 1.50 mm., 2.00 mm. & 2.50 mm.
24 m
Side lap .080 m Length long span
Ridge roll effective length 1.100 m Tensile strength 30 Mpa
Outside flashing effective length 2.286 m Impact strength 27 KJ / m 2
Ridge flashing effective length 1.100 m Fire classification Class 1
Eaves flashing effective length 1.100 m TABLE 6-18 MELANO LONG SPAN TECHNICAL DATA Chemical resistance Excellent resistance acids/bases/salts and numerous
solvents
Steel base thickness No. 26 0.40 mm
Weight per square meter 4.53 kg
TABLE 6-14 COLORBOND KLIP LOK TECHNICAL DATA Effective coverage 0.67 M
Steel base thickness 0.60 mm Length up to 6.00 M Table 6-22 SPANFLEX TECHNICAL DATA
Total coated thickness 0.63 mm Recommended roof slope 10 deg min Metal thickness 0.40 to 0.60 mm.
Weight per meter legnth of panel 2.66 kg Length Up to 6.00 m.
Weight per covered area 6.00 M Normal width 2.00 m. / 1.10 m.
Length available up to 15.00 m TABLE 6-19 COLORBOND TRIMDEX HI-TEN Effective coverage 1.65 m. / 1.10 m.
Longer length special order up to 35.00 M Steel base thickness 0.40 mm Application Ceiling sliding and fascia
Overall width .427 m Weight per unit area 4.28 kg/sq. m Colors Ivory, Forest green, mandarin, red.
Effective width coverage .406 m Weight per unit length 3.26 kg/sq. m Ocean blue, white, mahogany, and Pine
Nominal width 0.83 m
Effective width coverage 0.76 m Paint type Regular polyester
TABLE 6-15 BANAWE METAL TILE TECHINICAL DATA Fasteners Steel blind rivets, Water Teks, on Wood
Available length up to 15.00 m
CWN # 1
Item Length in meter
Minimum slope single sheet 3 degrees
Nominal width .228 m Minimum slope with end lap 5 degrees
Effetcive width coverage .204 m
Length 12.19 m
Minimum roof slope 15 degrees TABLE 6-20 ASPHALT SHINGLES TECHNICAL DATA Table 6-23 BRICK TILE ROOFING TECHNICAL DATA
Fiber glass composition Description Weight in kilograms Number required
Certain Teed 20 per square 200 lb Marceille Type (flat) 3.60 14.0 per sq. m.
TABLE 6-16 MARCELO ROOFING SYSTEM TECHNICAL DATA XT TM^25 per square 225-230 lb Ondula Type 4.00 15.0 per sq. m.
Width 1.14 M Dimensional Tolerance 1/15" SR. standard ridge 2.80 2.5 / sq. m.
Length 1.11 M Width 0.30 m Half Marceille 2.00 1.0 / sq. m.
Effective width coverage .95 M Length 0.90 m JRT-1 3.00 13.0 / sq. m.
Effective area coverage per sheet .92 sq. m Effective coverage 0.135 sq. m JRT-2 3.75 4.0 / sq. m.
No. of fastener per sheet first row 15 pcs per sheet One bundle covers 3 sq. m JRT-3 3.20 1.0 / sq. m.
Succeeding rows 10 pcs. Per sheet JRT-4 3.20 1.0 / sq. m.
Average No. of fastener per sheet 12 pcs. per sheet JRT-5 2.20 4.0 / sq. m.
SRT-1 4.00 13.0 / sq. m.
SRT-2 2.20 1.0 / sq. m.
SRT-L 2.25 1.0 / sq. m.
SRT-R 2.25 1.0 / sq. m.
JSR-1 2.00 1.0 / sq. m.
JSR-2 3.00 4.0 / sq. m.
SRT-U 1.75 25.0 / sq. m.
SRT-T 1.50 25.0 / sq. m.

Chapter 7 - TILEWORK

Table 7-2 QUANTITY OF MARBLE TILES AND MORTAR Table 7-4 GRANOLITHIC FLOORING
Table 7-1 QUANTITY OF TILES PER SQUARE FOOT AND METER
PER SQUARE METER
Commercial Size Number of Pieces per Size Number Cement in Bags Mixture Sand Sand
Size Pieces per Bags Cement per cu. m. Brass divider meter /
Inches Cm. Sq. ft. Sq. M. cm. / sq. m. A B C cu. m. cm. sq. m. sq. m. Mixture sq. m.
per sq. m.
15 x 30 22.3 0.45 0.30 0.225 0.025 A B
3x3 7.5 x 7.5 16.0 177.00 20 x 20 25.0 0.45 0.30 0.225 0.025 20 x 20 25.00 0.338 0.225 0.018 10.8
4x4 10 x 10 9.0 100.00 20 x 40 12.5 0.45 0.30 0.225 0.025 25 x 25 16.00 0.338 0.225 0.018 8.9
4 1/4 x 4 1/4 10.6 x 10.6 8.0 88.40 30 x 30 11.1 0.45 0.30 0.225 0.025 30 x 30 11.11 0.338 0.225 0.018 8.0
4x8 10 x 20 6.0 50.00 30 x 60 5.6 0.45 0.30 0.225 0.025 40 x 40 6.25 0.338 0.225 0.018 5.8
6x6 15 x 15 4.0 44.44 40 x 40 6.3 0.45 0.30 0.225 0.025 60 x 60 2.78 0.338 0.225 0.018 3.4
60 x 60 2.8 0.45 0.30 0.225 0.025

6x6 15 x 20 3.00 33.33

6 x 12 15 x 30 2.00 22.22
8x8 20 x 20 2.25 25.00 Table 7-3 VINYL AND RUBBER TILES
8 x 12 20 x 30 1.50 16.66 Number per Gallons of Adhesive per
Stock Size Sq. M. sq. m.
8 x 16 20 x 40 1.125 12.50
.20 x .20 (8" x 8") 25.00 0.042
10 x 10 25 x 25 1.44 16.00 .225 x .225 (9" x 9") 19.75 0.042
12 x 12 30 x 30 1.00 11.11 .25 x .25 (10" x 10") 16.00 0.042
12 x 24 30 x 60 0.50 5.56 .30 x .30 (12" x 12") 11.11 0.042
16 x 16 40 x 40 0.56 6.25 .40 x .40 (16" x 16") 6.25 0.042
20 x 20 50 x 50 0.36 4.00 .60 x .60 (24" x 24") 2.78 0.042
24 x 24 60 x 60 0.25 2.78

5 - point pent. tiles 5 6.0 / ft. 20 / Ln. M.

6 - point hex. tiles 5 4.9 / ft. 16 / Ln. M.
External corner bead - By direct count
Internal corner bead - By direct count

Cement mortar - .086 bags per sq. m.

White cement joint filler - .50 kg. per sq. m.

Tile ADHESIVE…............... .11 bag per sq. m.

 SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE
Chapter 8 - HARDWARE
Table 8-1 U.S. STANDARD THREAD OF BOLTS
Table 8-2 WEIGHT OF BOLTS WITH SQUARE HEADS AND HEXAGONAL NUTS PER 10 BOLTS
Length DIAMETER OF BOLTS
Inches 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1 to 1/8 1 1/4 Diameter in. 1/4 1/3 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1
mm 12 16 20 22 25 28 31 of Bolts mm. 6 7 9 10 12 14 16 19 22 25
No. of thread Per
inch 20 18 16 14 13 12 11 10 9 9
10.0 1.44 2.45 3.64 5.24 7.23 9.78 12.60
12.5 1.69 2.85 4.21 6.01 8.24 11.06 14.18 Diameter of 5 6 8 9 11 12 13 18 19 22
15.0 1.94 3.24 4.78 6.78 9.26 12.33 15.76 Top Drill 13/64 1/4 5/16 23/64 27/64 15/64 17/32 1/2 3/4 55/64

17.5 2.19 3.64 5.35 7.55 10.27 13.61 17.35

20.0 2.45 4.03 5.90 8.32 11.29 14.89 18.93 Table 8-3 STANDARD WOOD SCREW AND NUMBER PER KILOGRAMS
22.5 2.70 4.43 6.49 9.09 12.30 16.10 20.51 Inches 1/2 1 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 4 1/2 5 6
mm 12 25 37 50 62 75 87 100 112 125 150
25.0 2.95 4.82 7.06 9.86 13.31 17.44 22.09 Number 6,211 3,443 2,329 1,779 1,414 1,186 1,126 910 739 655 515
27.5 3.20 5.22 7.63 10.63 14.33 18.72 23.67
30.0 3.46 5.61 8.20 11.40 15.34 20.00 25.26

32.5 3.71 6.01 8.77 12.17 16.36 21.27 26.84

35.0 3.96 6.40 9.34 12.94 17.37 22.55 28.42

TABLE 8-7 COMMON BRADS TECHNICAL

Table 8-4 NUMBER OF WIRE TACKS PER KILOGRAM DATA TABLE 8-10 USES AND APPROXIMATE QUANTITY OF NAILS

Inches Length (mm) Number per Kilogram Size Length Approximate Number
Material Per Kilogram Required Size Kind of Nail
1/8 3 35,200 Inches mm per kg. per keg
3/16 5 23,465 2d 1 25 1,904 85,700 Floor joist & bridging at 30 cm.
sq. m. 0.17 30d CWN
1/4 6 17,600 3d 1 1/4 31 1,206 54,300 on center
5/16 8 14,080 4d 1 1/2 37 662 29,800 T & G wood board 6d
5d 1 3/4 44 566 25,500 1" x 4" sq. m. .15 Flooring brad
3/8 10 11,732 6d 2 50 397 17,900 1" x 6" sq. m. .19 6d Flooring brad
7/16 12 8,800 7d 2 1/4 56 340 15,300
Sliding wood board on Studs at
8d 2 1/2 63 224 10,000 60 cm. o.c.
9/16 14 5,865
1" x 6" 6d
5/8 16 4,400 9d 2 3/4 69 197 8,900 1" x 8" sq. m. .08 Casing brad
10d 3 75 146 6,600 sq. m. .06 6d Casing brad
11/16 17 3,120 12d 3 1/4 81 137 6,200 Studs/Nailing Strips
at 40 cm o.c. 8d
3/4 19 2,930 16d 3 1/2 88 108 4,900 at 60 sq. m. .08 CWN
13/16 20.5 2,514 20d 4 100 68 3,100 cm o.c. sq. m. .05 8d CWN
7/8 22 1,953 30d 4 1/2 112 53 2,400 Scaffolding per / Meter height of post 0.73 20d CWN
40d 5 125 40 1,800
15/16 24 1,760 50d 5 1/2 137 28 1,300
1 25 1,599 Plywood board
1 to 1/16 27 1,465 4' x 8ft.
TABLE 8-8 ORDINARY SPIKE TECHNICAL per
Nailed at 15cm o.c. joist at 40 x
DATA Sheet
1 to 1/8 28 1,200 60cm dist.
per 2d
Approx. .055 Finishing Nail
Size Length On studs at
No. sq. m. .033 2d Finishing Nail
40x40cm Spacing distance
Inches mm per kg.
sq. m. 0.2 20d CWN
Table 8-5 FLOOR BRADS TECHINICAL DATA 10d 3 75 90 Rafters, purlins at .70 distance
Size Length Gauge No. Head dia. Approx. Gauge No. Nails 12d 3 1/4 81 83 Ceiling joist at .40 x .60
mm Gauge No./ kg. No. per kg. 16d 3 1/2 88 66 Spacing distance sq. m. 0.055 8d Finishing Nail
6d 50 11 6 322 12 14,500 20d 4 100 50
7d 32 11 6 277 12 12,500 30d 4 1/2 112 37
8d 37 10 5 200 11 9,000 40d 5 125 28
9d 44 10 5 173 11 7,800 50d 5 1/2 137 22
10d 75 9 4 131 10 5,900 60d 6 150 19
12d 81 8 3 95 9 4,300 175mm 7 175 15
16d 87 7 2 76 8 3,450 200mm 8 200 9
20d 100 6 1 57 7 2,600 225mm 9 225 8
250mm 10 250 7
300mm 12 300 6
Table 8-6 COMMON WIRE NAILS TECHNICAL DATA
Length Approximate Number per keg
Size Gauge No. TABLE 8-9 QUANTITY OF CEMENT
Inches mm per kg. per keg
COATED NAILS
No. per
Length Penny Gauge keg
2d 15 1 1/4 25 1,831 82,400
3d 14 1 1/2 31 1,177 53,000 1 2d 15 1,863
4d 12.5 1 1/2 37 666 30,100 1 1/4 3d 14 1,195
5d 12.5 1 3/4 44 580 26,100 1 1/2 4d 12 1/2 651
6d 11.5 2 50 382 17,200 1 3/4 5d 12 1/2 559
7d 11.5 2 1/4 56 344 15,500 2 6d 11 1/2 367
8d 10.25 2 1/2 63 208 9,400 2 1/4 7d 11 1/2 330
9d 10.25 2 3/4 69 188 8,500 2 1/2 8d 10 1/4 222
10d 9 3 75 138 6,250 2 2/3 9d 10 1/4 202
12d 9 3 1/4 81 124 5,600 3 10d 9 145
16d 8 3 1/2 88 93 4,200 3 1/4 12d 9 149
20d 6 4 100 58 2,625 3 1/2 16d 8 103
40d 4 5 112 45 2,040 4 20d 6 64
50d 3 5 1/2 125 34 1,540 4 1/2 30d 5 48
60d 2 6 150 20 910 5 40d 4 37
5 1/2 50d 3 31
6 60d 2 24

Chapter 9 - STAIRCASE

TABLE 9-1 HEIGHT OF RISE, LENGTH OF STRINGER AND

TABLE 9-2 SPIRAL STAIRS
RUN OF STAIRWAY IN METERS

Length of Stringer Length of Run Height of Rise Open Riser Tread Cantilever Tread
No. of
Steps Width Tread Width Rise
Tread Height
30 25 30 17 Tread Degrees No. of Tread in Circle Riser cm. Head Room Meter
25 cm. 18 cm.
cm. cm. cm. cm.
4 1.05 1.23 0.80 1.00 0.68 0.72 22 - 30 16 17.5 2.1
5 1.31 1.54 1.00 1.25 0.85 0.90 28 - o 12 - 13 18 2
6 1.57 1.85 1.20 1.50 1.02 1.08 30 - o 12 - 13 20 2
7 1.84 2.16 1.40 1.75 1.19 1.26
8 2.10 2.47 1.60 2.00 1.36 1.44
9 2.36 2.78 1.80 2.25 1.53 1.62
10 2.62 3.08 2.00 2.50 1.70 1.80
11 2.89 3.39 2.20 2.75 1.87 1.98
12 3.15 3.70 2.40 3.00 2.04 2.16
13 3.41 4.00 2.60 3.25 2.21 2.34
14 3.67 4.31 2.80 3.50 2.38 2.52
15 3.94 4.62 3.00 3.75 2.55 2.70
16 4.20 4.93 3.20 4.00 2.72 2.88
17 4.46 5.24 3.40 4.25 2.89 3.06

18 4.73 5.55 3.60 4.50 3.06 3.24

19 5.00 5.85 3.80 4.75 3.23 3.42
20 5.62 6.16 4.00 5.00 3.40 3.60
 SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE
Chapter 10 - PAINTING
TABLE 10-1 WALLPAPER TECHNICAL DATA
Length/R oll Effective covering per
Width cm. Adhesive box per roll
meter roll
52 10.05 5.22 0.17
54 10.05 5.42 0.18
71 13.7 9.72 0.32

Chapter 11 - AUXILIARY TOPICS

TABLE 11-1 QUANTITY OF ACCORDION DOOR MATERIALS PER Table 11-8 RANGE OF SKIN FRICTION FOR VARIOUS SOIL Table 11-16 ANAHAW ROOFING TECHNICAL DATA
METER LENGTH Value in Kilograms per Square Meter End Lap Number of Leaves per square Number of 3 m. Rattan Per
Pieces Materials Type of Soil Minimum Maximum cm. Meter square Meter
12 G.I. or Black sheet blade 15 x 240 cm 1. Silt and Soft Mud 244 489 7.5 84 7
13 6 mm x 240 Steel Pin 2. Silt Compacted 587 1,712 10 60 6
14 5 mm x 25 mm x 240 cm. Flat steel bars 3. Clay and Sand 1,956 3,913 15 45 5
24 3 mm x 12 mm x 60 cm. Flat steel bars 4. Sand with some Clay 2,446 4,891
1 6 mm x 32 mm x 200 cm. Flat steel bars 5. Sand and Gravel 2,935 8,804
2 38 mm dia. roller bearing with rivets and bushing
35 6 mm x 38 mm rivets
52 6 mm x 16 mm rivets Table 11-9 ALLOWANCE BEARING POWER OF DIFFERENT SOIL
112 6 mm x 20 mm washers
Value in Tons per Sq. M.
1 50 cm. G.I. pipe 10 mm diameter Kind of Soil
Min. Max. Usual
Quick sand and alluvial soil 5.38 10.76 5.38
Soft clay 8.07 32.28 21.5
TABLE 11-2 GLASS JALOUSIE STANDARD HEIGHT
Wet clay and soft sand 10.76 21.5 16.14
No. of No. of Clay and sand in alternate layers 10.76 43.04 21.5
Height of Glass Square ft. per blade Height of Glass
Blade Blade Firm and dry loom or clay; hard dry clay or fine sand 21.5 43.04 32.28
4 14-7/8" 4 x 22 = 0.61 14 49-7/8" Confined sand 10.76 43.04 32.38
5 18-3/8" 4 x 24 = 0.67 15 53-3/8" Compact coarse sand or stiff Gravel 30.28 64.56 43.04
6 21-7/8" 4 x 26 = 0.72 16 65-7/8"
Sand and gravel well cemented 53.8 107.6 86.08
7 25-3/8" 4 x 28 = 0.78 17 60-3/8" Good hard pan or hand shale 53.8 107.6 86.08
8 28-7/8" 4 x 30 = 0.83 18 63-7/8" Rock 53.8 269 161.4
9 32-3/8" 4 x 32 = 0.89 19 67-3/8"
10 35-7/8" 4 x 34 = 0.94 20 70-3/8"
11 39-3/8" 4 x 36 = 1.00 21 74-3/8" Table 11-10 BITUMINOUS MACADAM WEARING COURSE
12 42-7/8" 4 x 38 = 1.06 22 77-7/8" (Hot Asphalt Type - Approx 1.25 cm. Thick)
13 45-3/8" 4 x 40 = 1.11 Bituminous Materials Liters/ sq.
Application Weight Kilograms Aggregates Liter/ sq. m.
m.
First Spreading 90
First Application 4
TABLE 11-3 WATER CONSUMPTION IN OFFICE BUILDING
13
Second Spreading
Consumption in Gallons per Hour
Building Type per Person 1.8
Second Application
Third Spreading 11
Commercial - No Airconditioning 3.8
Third Application 1.4
Fourth Spreading 8
Commercial - With Airconditioning 7.3 to 9.2
Total 7.2 90 32

Owner occupied with kitchen and Laundry -

7.3
No Airconditioning
Table 11-11 BITUMINOUS MACADAM PAVEMENT
( Hot Asphalt Type Approximately 2 1/4 or 5.7 cm. Thick)
Owner occupied with kitchen and Laundry
9 Bituminous Materials Liters/ sq. Aggregate Coarse Choker Key
with Airconditioning Application
m. Kilogram Liter / sq. m .
First Spreading 90
Second Spreading 10
TABLE 11-4 COLD WATER CONSUMPTION IN First Application 5.5
BUILDINGS Third Spreading 10
Second Application 3.5
Type of Building Gallons per Day per Person
Fourth Spreading 8
Residential - Average 50 Third Application 2

Residential - Large 100

Fifth Spreading 8
Apartment - Low Rent 75
Apartment - High Rent 100 Total 11 90 36
Hotel 100
Office Building 25
Table 11-12 BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENT
Hot Asphalt Type Approximately 1.6 cm. thick
TABLE 11-5 HOT WATER CONSUMPTION IN APARTMENT Bituminous Materials Liters/ sq. Aggregate Coarse Choker Key
Operations
BUILDING IN GALLONS m. Kilogram Liter / sq. m .
First Operation 1
Consumption Public Housing Apartment Hotel
First Spreading 22
Average Daily Second Application 1.2
Per Apartment 79 50 Second Spreading 6.5
Per Person 28 41 Third Application 0.7
Per Room 22 36 Third Spreading 4.5
Maximum Daily
Per Apartment 92 69 Total 3 22 11
Per Person 33 48
Per Room 26 43
Maximum Hourly Table 11-13 FILLING MATERIALS
Per Apartment 8.9 7.6 Materials Loose Volume Percent Additional to obtain compact volume
Per Person 3.2 5.3 Earth Fill 23 to 25 %
Per Room 2.5 4.9 Earth and Sand 18 to 20 %

Selected Borrow 15 to 18 %

Table 11-6 WOOD PILES Table 11-14 NIPA SHINGLE TECHNICAL DATA
Diameter from Butt
Length of Piles in Meter Minimum Tip Diameter cm. End Lap Effective Covering in No. of Pieces per sq. No. of Rattan per sq.
Min (cm) Max (cm) sq. m. m. m.
cm. - in.
Under 12 meters 30 45 20 Class A Class B A B x y
12 to 18 meters 32 45 18 10 - 4" 0.13 0.109 7.7 9.18 1.8 3.5
Over 18 meters 35 50 15 7.5 - 3" 0.0975 0.0818 10.27 12.23 2 4
5.0 - 2" 0.065 0.0545 15.38 18.31 2.8 5.6
2.5 - 1" 0.0325 0.0273 30.77 36.62 4 8

Table 11-7 MINIMUM PRESERVATIVE OF WOOD PILES PER CUBIC METER Table 11-14 NIPA SHINGLE TECHNICAL DATA
User and Type Type of Processing Empty Cell Process Full Cell Process Bamboo Number of Approx. Length in Coverage per Square
General Use 193 kg. 321 kg. Class Splits Meters Meter

Marine Use 193 kg. 321 kg. A 8 9 12

B 6
7.5 9
C 4 6 4