MONOATOMIC AND DIATOMIC
CRYSTAL VIBRATIONS
Created by Group 12:
Naufal (19030224040)
Fifi (20030224043)
Tika (20030224049)
When using waves with wavelengths
greater than the distance between atoms,
the lattice will "appear" continuously as the
wave propagation medium, so this method
is also known as the malar lattice method.
MONOATOMIC CRYSTAL
The vibration of a crystal is underpinned by
two bases: single atoms (monatomic) and VIBRATIONS
double atoms (diatomic).
TODAY'S FIRST BRILLOUIN ZONE
GROUP VELOCITY
LONG WAVELENGTH LIMIT
LEARNING DERIVATION OF FORCE CONSTANTS
consists of DIATOMIC CRYSTAL
VIBRATIONS
PITA TERLARANG
Examining cases involving cubic
crystal vibrations caused by
elastic wave propagation in the
[100], [110], and [111] directions
Each wave vector ( k ) contains
three types of vibrations, one
longitudinal and two transverse.
Monoatomic Crystal Vibrations
Based on a one-dimensional viewpoint, one
coordinate u s , and a plane displacement s from
the equilibrium position, the monoatomic lattice
mode of polarization of three different modes of
vibration can be illustrated as follows:
Thus, the equation for
total force Fs with the
shift relation to Hooke's
law F = k( x), which
compares the force on
the atom to the force on
a constant spring:
The equation of motion
from the crystal plane to s is
expressed in the form of a
Newton's Second Law
formula, which is equal to
the equation of net
force(Hooke's Law).
Homogeneous solid matter transmits a
plane wave in a specific direction, which is
expressed in the form of the displacement
equation as follows for the valid x-direction.
So the equation of motion from the crystal
plane to s can be written as follows.
We can therefore determine the solution to the
equation u s + 1 as a traveling wave after
determining the solution to the s-th crystal
field deviation equation, or u s . The dispersion
equation will then be produced by considering
the boundaries of the first Brillouin zone and
understanding the vector of phonon waves that
lie at the zone boundaries translated through
trigonometric identities.
AMPLITUDE
THE FIRST BRILLOUIN ZONE
Monoatomic Crystal Vibrations
GROUP VELOCITY
Monoatomic Crystal Vibrations
LONG WAVELENGTH LIMIT
Monoatomic Crystal Vibrations
Within the wavelength limit,
frequency is directly proportional
to the wave vector, implying that
the speed of sound is frequency
independent.
DERIVATION OF FORCE
CONSTANTS
Monoatomic Crystal Vibrations
Thus, for structures with a monatomic
basis, the following equation gives the
constant force over a range of pa .
DIATOMIC CRYSTAL VIBRATIONS
The scattering of phonons in
simple crystals with diatomic or
more will give a different
scattering direction compared to
monatomic crystals, each
polarization will give a direction
of scattering relationship ω to k
with a two-pronged pattern:
acoustic and optical
DIATOMIC LINEAR CRYSTAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL
The atomic arrangement of
crystals in one dimension is
assumed to be as shown below. The following motion equation is obtained
with the parable of each field interacting
only with the nearest neighboring atoms
and the force constants being the same as:
Determine the value of
m1 and m2 from the
force equation:
Where the equations of As a result, the differential
function Us with respect to t must
Us and Vs are as follows. satisfy the equation below.
Substituting the differential then calculate the
function into the equations determinant of the above
m1 and m2, we get: equation
Then do the graphical
depiction
For k =π/a
optical branch
For k = 0 optical branch
For k =π/a
For k = 0 acoustic branch acoustic branch
Optical transverse waves and acoustic
transverse waves in the diatomic lattice
As a result, there is no forbidden
gap, which means that all energy
always produces vibrations.
The band theory of energy in solids is based on periodic
potential energy. Using a one-dimensional crystal with an a
lattice constant. The free electron energy, according to the
free electron theory (V=0), is:
So, according to this theory, curve E as a function of k
with continuous energy values for all k values. It can't
find an energy gap where electrons aren't allowed to be.
MOLECULAR VIBRATION TYPES
DIATOMIC MOLECULAR VIBRATION SIMULATION
THANK YOU
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are greatly appreciated.
