> ee olay Senicrduclods Sem cond sles — The materials whieh allews. dal a lhe clereugh is, frown os _semitondude G ha dec ef AOrng 2 tp fttmadbecill which allow evarvert to flows a if ts froron as Condutlors 9. 05 erdow’ fi 45 “a —) Fhe -malesals rolich , deceit ala Eo i fb Lg ibis Kastan: asans culalers. § paareler of 10 ee sy -E? 4 Valence Bard » 7 a3 Te and which is. occupied by the valence C% poy a dank festng Aafet cote band ena fs a as Valence? bark > The valence Be may be pai tov comply fi tLeol bie deperdi “4 onthe me of tke cst ~ tn s qe. eT Grdudion Bondr-! * 2 The band shiek ta eccupted be Heveatdaals Sica Bord Kaviiny lowoest unfilled. Land enavgy Io a condiclis a ford” 4 ay 2 Th conduelton bard ray’ be em stially £ . ¥ i : d 7 ep ps Wy fie. vitye . > Farbsdden f £ > “ , #h SHeslie sf pen jusclan dod ede)” => Tk ¢ BE VB ave Se eraled b by a git) vai ion Loony as “Fonbs ais Bad: ; = Te me pies Fand ts “Zolleed forned 6 a Serieg ney levels above *sf VER a Lele the abet 4 = Thee will he no ne esl In’ idly. cd, > bn 2 sn te VB absorbs, €neqy and. ums be itd ” 6 vd Bin WEisalee sale de ten . ah ia fom 8 it leas a fle bial hn V8, ithe hole te adjacent aboms , oL ws} M4, AM The FedbddeOb I 2 jole Dur be Bie “walls Du Jo Nes Oe. or wool fy “fer the 0% fay, earl ovelagy each 7 de Sh fin Nephotin, olbes ke (a bd GMAT] Belay | lcm nal ‘ied ye be 6 is arpa Cty haa g \ Herve crews staclos | Gee 20. a it ‘ foatln dice a et Lee:gD faq = { _2 Theproeess of 4°" the conductive , . a iiadllad Me h by addi 4 impurities ts knots as Reery Ri It & * ‘Tes of Semterdaclee’ eS a 3) Tabsinsie Tals: Sie oranda ra Race Semntondueder’ ah “A canicoodaclo in woh ch 3 § he eee cole exeabed by nf thermal exctlation tg Called ag tnlving; i¢ Sern; itondeclor, > The A’s.reqahing the C.B cue _ fhevinal exeben hove epual ho. “of holes ia VB ‘ > Tn Tals tiste semitonduchey rsp Zo of theks , Eee Theva elements *. e, we pe bbe ey 2) Exhinase Pepeadc : } 4 3 Tis the fo pure form of Seocerduclors ” hoy Th is formed by Alling ienpusilies es Cte, teivalen a perdavaled) do inlvinsté” Somvonduielors ia Blader to increase its : ae a This 4 ft ed einle two gee bosed, ait “en eddy , ® Poly Senter» i 2 a 9 IDG pure Semi fiscal . loped woh Ihe pb file 4 CB, ALG) hon the plane. sontenabuclor ‘e formed yr oye= a : | Defictenty efian Osby egy 7 no-of holes ¥ rte : WAN os a Tn p-type Seicsvidualo, \ rae x denial! a" ip The wy Gosrtess are hisha ¢ the ea carriers ares, On) Thremans @ clea neutral ae the no.of Toles ikder Uh . aondibions Yernain egualts the me. of , acceplers, a WO When an eleohve field is applied toil, the be 2% move ste thooads ¢ Lerminal g foles move Iswarele ve Jermival | conti of alley. ae ad a Lay ike shoets . | clevel @n- fe Semeanducr | ft =a (a — AIho Pere semicon ducler ie cbpedl waitk pire valet fps z CPAs BD Ben N-type Serr corded, org avefonned we dt SY oo Feat Os. : a Se ss gon Heys eat a | i ne-of es 0.0f obs: oa "Gy Nerong . Maton Covers z ‘ 7 oh a “4 ee 1S 4 Mirorily Auyress 3 boles ft Terans lech ically Zalal fhouph Yas e800, bur. 2 D> aes cxcal n 1! d + ater “i mot cukal poatouclel © When e rte rel 0, a, a olue odd of ne Ly i : ie do exters c© donated & he a impusely Move betdacds wallet od . d 2i Tis formed from a prece of 2 semitordude n Funebron chiode :- ait ay oy f- type rmadextal fy one half side g N-fye mudertal tote ether half side. The plane a O |] The tao zones ys Krouon on a function a 7 Re bo diffusion, ne cs ome of the e's from New a cross ever to =, | | P-xegien G combine worth | |holes 4 become neutral jee o¢ © dome of the holes 9 The diffusion of 28 g Roles acese the tunelion 9 HS Po Tepon crews over sd oabinwes dill Leo seleall Barter ¥ | Yo Neregion & Gombine woth developed jn depletion lages wohich preeils ks ¢ become noudval, further di fusion , Thus a ee bnewa ag Lb Fpaeed. biae'e He) —* Fond. bia cleplelion Le we 48 formesPF Frere Brest : TOY. chaceces of 7 nm fusclion dbreele >. I Con) “ i we “7 wn } al hcgpssion fo Gi Gre” in Trlriogie Semiconducate = Atk, *2P a oi ‘ whee ne! AMY Conchin halite bangl 3 C= Gomier cone? in valence banel . S wth "of p= foo rafey oF BN a SED, ie a = ; “teeeeh of hele, « Gae” of sem conductor ts Qe ny =m Ce Ak Te ape 2 2 np =nse 7 = ff 2 are NeeNp- erp ieee) eof CRerev) . kT kT a np NoNp - cop Ease +6 =f “| ae NNp- on Gce -Ey) ane NeeNp. cane| of * ome fant ee} “fa on asta ; wf Pe | ee a a (nt Lf 2 Expression for conduelivity in Tnbiew'e Semieorduclers = DYE Hy tn Ealyon yt oye TUE WW) 9 ate sift vel. per unt Eleebaette E ia knoton 08 rns bilby LS hs lnduelcl ta ibe TTF dpe 4 ap. pre os (Up. ae Up. p). e4 Cy ae pt a a Fi Chapa za ace Bhi borage bs “a *. ose} 2 fork meine). ex FEY | Gags (2) (msrp | ‘(ea 4), OO hi. oe ae . | oF oy. exp[-E wat belo oe: SEY ewe - shee ge where J oo: * Eon + Lupi-tip) -e AE : “. fsa oa t = Os mee), a ie “he ofa] -6)- Rosie} ested Takig “Wied Bath ‘Sides of oy "@). (nied = Wes) = Ey Uy Tabing La 506.4 of opr) 1 ie te + we o eal 4 | ut y= bie)s Eq me t) a Wola % Rot. eee el,From dhis we Car conclude’ thal. As a in Temp , conlucily r wl el The phenomena ia which when .a condriedoy : connected. fo the Gallery ia hepl inthe exlernal. magnetic field A do the cuvrent't’ thenithe: e's beavelling from rah 4° lett olvif ls do cbion'side as the # odeug downside, then @ve charge is leveled on te wypper side. Due to the develop ment of te on upper side ~ve on iBlevhen aide, the Eleedvie field" Ey te developed inside the condaclor. And the pa" Vi is dlevelopeel snsth the conductor along Y-alate. “Thevefowe, Vy, By , Gi ave mulually IY Jo “cack ether, Ths whole Process Continous te & E- fe whieh ig satel to be em " condrbion UTE i condilion 2's move in ol bac. Tha Bfeel ts cel da ips Hall effect . seusa Hall coefficrend for 2- type semiterduetey ar DAL equim Groin ~ fe>Fe eb 2-82 wd whl je z-7.e.Vy Cr -ve sige tadliales tees ge, h“OE Es (Fro) nk Pe PE ae | ee rraperily Garviers) “ne Bee fx 2s Holl -teoffiownl = Ry~ es Ey Testes oanles athe dye Pai "Rye EA . By + iy Ce i a) ReeGony 1 yer Bas Be (3 Areata~ be co) ~ B62. ix{ = by for po Lge sem voadithe; ‘ ane Pe ‘ the folks enter from Loft te: wight, so te - ave dag ail ety the down side & eve change will onufy the uppev Stale “g similer proces Otters asin acute S.C, be i Y AL am condition, Fe= Fa eE,= eWpR, 5 vy Ey _ z i = @ wok, de pe-M = p-e+ En 2 Ba Ry © ee Se ) cs 8p -fx "BRs BA. Ey bd Boot: 7 | aets Bein¥ Krosig- Fenny Medel. 4 a gave T gee ‘s is | 6 mo rs - 3 a V&)=0 for oLxda well Vin= ¥, fx +hexto wall Me > | -6 VY. gem(E-V) Pro ae Se A> = Ta the well, ep 4 BIl"m EY-0 ; ox” a : - 4 ots Elm E = 2 FP jw. CF tel? Pog Ox* ° ©Th dhe Gawres, ; : OF 4 EM CE so G+ Vevy) ae > Lel =p. grim Ck-y,) oe oo - PY =o ax . face O&O, ® Pre? BS sinclatCosda- coska — @ 2 pol DAWN . arndas Cosla =coska -& Rol Seableing Rewore P= mab ge P-Sinela $osla= coska -6) ote. Pesinla 4 marca \ OApdinelo 4 Cola ofa Fay}3 Psinla +casola > toska ofa ‘ ‘ Fi 5es Ae ‘P’ value aes sincla Value ve *) Since =o Cv P30) sj} odasantt From gets Sm Ts ott. alm Ep om ro Es wt gma" : { * “2 Enexi alnes Bice lisere te, hea s) ig recloloel En. BY v Nisoxet . State the Enep tg nore , Re 1s TngulfecloY . — If pro, Cosda = Coska kak ey Xo orm =P Ep Bke . =a —- Co ke Aor Re ext? m x ) “gee x (3) se G:968) E22 Lay Represents the KE af free & 2m 2x Thermisor fe — Trermislor te defined as Thermally sensifive vesielev : } i=} et Pesislor Pheoslat fon Cay a D> Thermite -> Thecmighy its meodke-up off Setiicaidlcele alert — Fie Rleosbal, ARYKAT 3 AR=ol. AT f= AR AT Fos Resistance Seol-o — Themnisler jo classified tale Troe4 SKNTC 304 ae4 3s Hoe ge -ve y TT, RY — Bure, as M tq Lemp. production of charge Cansiers Facreases 90 Lenee RY. x PTC tke odoave 3 TTS p HSS! — tlis classified tate Byres * ® Gramve PTC - ety — Here ag TH”? , ae. — Bul-the veldkep te ren-lyaeat « @® Siliner PTC —» Hew as TEE, pres Bul the cel™hip ta Liner ® felymes PTC Here ag TT%?, pT¥? — Budd the ve (Mahip 34 nonelineg‘aK > Re Bere re fo R= Resislance al: temp T Ro = Resislnce at Reference Temp. Be const, = EE Ke DAs Tp2 58 RA VRp eR. or [ale)| 2b eb As Bo a Pole Lemp coeff of Hemera At |: # Faor Diede alk> Tn Zener diode, the deplelion layer vs small comparcel to the nowmal diode. - os > Tf we Consider a normal cliodle in Reverse bras, as there will be wepulsion bo mninerly aavriers & de tecminale: ef balley , as r0e ‘Taerease the applied vellage the cxreent gredtolly’ 1° fq omall arnt. Levee the miverily Carvievs will colltele retth the adoms ame produce more ro.of es hen these CO cvoss the fonction these will be {bw of current. Thie, break down ia satel to be Avalanede Breakelow « J Jn Zener diode since tlie fi hy cloped dliecta the! eleelye field voill be proolucedl acres, the clepletin ly aise tordhts electric field » He c@%s will Be preclveel 68 the cuiviend ig genet! dive ie kiewn 05 Beoea Brew 7 th Normal Dioole 3 Avalanche eile In Zener Diosle =) Avalincle Breakeloion, Zerae Bees hd vege” get Whee Zener i Diode 1s for! biased 7b will Behove as Novmal Dioele=_ ight Fnvtliny Diode | *& LED =D hale-eleckon vecombination veleases energy bcuz, Here axe 2's in C8 & holes in VB for recombination He 2% gek desiciled & come de VB and combines orth holes thes process | emits ance prmof bald ‘ SON: cor Say dhe colour of LED Based on the Feras auf blo 6.0.5 VA bens, Fs wr £0-€,- Es si ftinaea cb o -~ Se Ct ty t, D bes ti ar a4 MbDi viadtes of LE 4 Bras Mavade Ste ® Forroar Red Vole If Un? |