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Mysql

This document provides a summary of common MySQL commands for browsing databases and tables, performing queries with SELECT statements, modifying data with INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements, creating and modifying database structures with CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements, and managing users and privileges. Key data types and functions are also outlined.

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NAKSH 5A
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18 views

Mysql

This document provides a summary of common MySQL commands for browsing databases and tables, performing queries with SELECT statements, modifying data with INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements, creating and modifying database structures with CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements, and managing users and privileges. Key data types and functions are also outlined.

Uploaded by

NAKSH 5A
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MySQL 

cheatsheet
Browsing
SHOW DATABASES;
SHOW TABLES;
SHOW FIELDS FROM table / DESCRIBE table;
SHOW CREATE TABLE table;
SHOW PROCESSLIST;
KILL process_number;

Select
SELECT * FROM table;
SELECT * FROM table1, table2;
SELECT field1, field2 FROM table1, table2;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition GROUPBY field;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition GROUPBY field HAVING condition2;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition ORDER BY field1, field2;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition ORDER BY field1, field2 DESC;
SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE condition LIMIT 10;
SELECT DISTINCT field1 FROM ...
SELECT DISTINCT field1, field2 FROM ...

Select - Join
SELECT ... FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.id1 = t2.id2 WHERE condition;
SELECT ... FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.id1 = t2.id2 WHERE condition;
SELECT ... FROM t1 JOIN (t2 JOIN t3 ON ...) ON ...

Conditions
field1 = value1
field1 <> value1
field1 LIKE 'value _ %'
field1 IS NULL
field1 IS NOT NULL
field1 IS IN (value1, value2)
field1 IS NOT IN (value1, value2)
condition1 AND condition2
condition1 OR condition2

Create / Open / Delete Database


CREATE DATABASE DatabaseName;
CREATE DATABASE DatabaseName CHARACTER SET utf8;
USE DatabaseName;
DROP DATABASE DatabaseName;
ALTER DATABASE DatabaseName CHARACTER SET utf8;

Backup Database to SQL File


mysqldump -u Username -p dbNameYouWant > databasename_backup.sql
Restore from backup SQL File
mysql - u Username -p dbNameYouWant < databasename_backup.sql;

Repair Tables After Unclean Shutdown


mysqlcheck --all-databases;
mysqlcheck --all-databases --fast;

Insert
INSERT INTO table1 (field1, field2) VALUES (value1, value2);

Delete
DELETE FROM table1 / TRUNCATE table1
DELETE FROM table1 WHERE condition
DELETE FROM table1, table2 FROM table1, table2 WHERE table1.id1 =
table2.id2 AND condition

Update
UPDATE table1 SET field1=new_value1 WHERE condition;
UPDATE table1, table2 SET field1=new_value1, field2=new_value2, ... WHERE
table1.id1 = table2.id2 AND condition;

Create / Delete / Modify Table


Create
CREATE TABLE table (field1 type1, field2 type2);
CREATE TABLE table (field1 type1, field2 type2, INDEX (field));
CREATE TABLE table (field1 type1, field2 type2, PRIMARY KEY (field1));
CREATE TABLE table (field1 type1, field2 type2, PRIMARY KEY (field1,field2));
CREATE TABLE table1 (fk_field1 type1, field2 type2, ...,
FOREIGN KEY (fk_field1) REFERENCES table2 (t2_fieldA))
[ON UPDATE|ON DELETE] [CASCADE|SET NULL]
CREATE TABLE table1 (fk_field1 type1, fk_field2 type2, ...,
FOREIGN KEY (fk_field1, fk_field2) REFERENCES table2 (t2_fieldA, t2_fieldB))
CREATE TABLE table IF NOT EXISTS;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE table;
Drop
DROP TABLE table;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS table;
DROP TABLE table1, table2, ...
Alter
ALTER TABLE table MODIFY field1 type1
ALTER TABLE table MODIFY field1 type1 NOT NULL ...
ALTER TABLE table CHANGE old_name_field1 new_name_field1 type1
ALTER TABLE table CHANGE old_name_field1 new_name_field1 type1 NOT NULL ...
ALTER TABLE table ALTER field1 SET DEFAULT ...
ALTER TABLE table ALTER field1 DROP DEFAULT
ALTER TABLE table ADD new_name_field1 type1
ALTER TABLE table ADD new_name_field1 type1 FIRST
ALTER TABLE table ADD new_name_field1 type1 AFTER another_field
ALTER TABLE table DROP field1
ALTER TABLE table ADD INDEX (field);
Change field order
ALTER TABLE table MODIFY field1 type1 FIRST
ALTER TABLE table MODIFY field1 type1 AFTER another_field
ALTER TABLE table CHANGE old_name_field1 new_name_field1 type1 FIRST
ALTER TABLE table CHANGE old_name_field1 new_name_field1 type1 AFTER
another_field

Keys
CREATE TABLE table (..., PRIMARY KEY (field1, field2))
CREATE TABLE table (..., FOREIGN KEY (field1, field2) REFERENCES table2
(t2_field1, t2_field2))

Users and Privileges


CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON base.* TO 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, DELETE ON base.* TO 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON base.* FROM 'user'@'host'; -- one permission only
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT OPTION FROM 'user'@'host'; -- all permissions
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('new_pass');
SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'host' = PASSWORD('new_pass');
SET PASSWORD = OLD_PASSWORD('new_pass');
DROP USER 'user'@'host';
Host ‘%’ indicates any host.

Main Data Types


TINYINT (1o: -217+128)
SMALLINT (2o: +-65 000)
MEDIUMINT (3o: +-16 000 000)
INT (4o: +- 2 000 000 000)
BIGINT (8o: +-9.10^18)
Precise interval: -(2^(8*N-1)) -> (2^8*N)-1
⚠ INT(2) = “2 digits displayed” – NOT “number with 2 digits max”
FLOAT(M,D)
DOUBLE(M,D)
FLOAT(D=0->53)
⚠ 8,3 -> 12345,678 – NOT 12345678,123!
TIME (HH:MM)
YEAR (AAAA)
DATE (AAAA-MM-JJ)
DATETIME (AAAA-MM-JJ HH:MM; années 1000->9999)
TIMESTAMP (like DATETIME, but 1970->2038, compatible with Unix)
VARCHAR (single-line; explicit size)
TEXT (multi-lines; max size=65535)
BLOB (binary; max size=65535)
Variants for TEXT&BLOB: TINY (max=255), MEDIUM (max=~16000), and LONG (max=4Go).
Ex: VARCHAR(32), TINYTEXT, LONGBLOB, MEDIUMTEXT
ENUM ('value1', 'value2', ...) -- (default NULL, or '' if NOT NULL)

Reset Root Password


$ /etc/init.d/mysql stop
$ mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
$ mysql # on another terminal
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET password=PASSWORD('new_pass') WHERE user='root';
## Switch back to the mysqld_safe terminal and kill the process using Control + \
$ /etc/init.d/mysql start
Your commands may vary depending on your OS.

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