First published for whoisdustin.

com in 2015

This edition published in 2015

Copyright © Dustin Watchman 2015

Dustin Watchman has asserted his right to be identified as the author of

this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act of
1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored

in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the
prior permission of the copyright owner.

Copies are available at special rates for bulk orders. Contact Dustin
Watchman on the contact page at www.whoisdustin.com/contact

For other educational, motivational, and inspirational materials, visit

www.whoisdustin.com
 Table of contents
SIMPLE TENSE

Functions 1

Forms 2

CONTINUOUS TENSE

Functions 4

Forms 5

PERFECT TENSE

Functions 7

Forms 8

PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Functions 10

Forms 11

Adjectives 13

Comparative Adjectives 13

Possessive Adjectives 13

Superlative Adjectives 13

Adverbs 16

BE Verb 18

Clauses 19

Imperative Clauses 19

Relative Clauses 20

If/When Clauses 21
Collocations 22

Comparatives 23

Conditionals 24

Determiners 24

Imperatives 24

Irregular Verbs 24

Modal Verbs 31

Nouns 31

Countable 31

Uncountable 31

Phrasal Nouns 35

Phrasal Verbs 35

Prepositions 36

Prepositional Phrases 39

Pronouns 43

Superlatives 44

There is/There are 45

Time Expressions 45

Verbs 46

Answer Key 49
 1

Simple Tense Functions

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Complete Action in the Past

FUNCTION 2: Past Facts or Generalizations

FUNCTION 3: A Series of Completed Actions

FUNCTION 4: Duration in the Past

FUNCTION 5: Habits in the Past

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Repeated Actions

FUNCTION 2: Facts or Generalizations

FUNCTION 3: Scheduled Events in the Near Future

FUNCTION 4: Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)

SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

FUNCTION 1: “will” to Express a Voluntary Action

FUNCTION 2: “will” to Express a Promise

FUNCTION 3: “Be going to” Express a Plan

FUNCTION 4: “will” or “Be going to” to Express a Prediction

www.whoisdustin.com
 2

Simple Tense Forms

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

[VERB+ed]

*or irregular verbs

Positive (+) Subject Verb(ed) Object .
+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject did not Verb Object .

Question (?) Did Subject Verb Object ?

+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- did Subject Verb Object ?

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

[VERB]

[VERB + s/es]

Positive (+) Subject Verb(s) Object .

+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject do(es) not Verb Object .

Question (?) Do(es) Subject Verb Object ?

+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- do(es) Subject Verb Object ?

SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

[will + VERB]

[Be + going to + VERB]

Using "will"

Positive (+) Subject will Verb Object .

+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not Verb Object .

Question (?) Will Subject Verb Object ?

+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject Verb Object ?

www.whoisdustin.com
 3

Using "Be going to" HINT Be = am/are/is

Positive (+) Subject Be going to Verb Object .

+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject Be not going to Verb Object .

Question (?) Be Subj going to Verb Object ?

+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- Be Subj going to Verb Object ?

NOTES___________________________________________________________

www.whoisdustin.com
 4

Continuous Tense Functions

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Interrupted Action in the Past

FUNCTION 2: Specific Time as an Interruption

FUNCTION 3: Parallel Actions

FUNCTION 4: Repetition and Irritation with “Always”

FUNCTION 5: Atmosphere

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Now

FUNCTION 2: Longer Action in Progress Now

FUNCTION 3: Scheduled Events in the Near Future

FUNCTION 4: Repetition and Irritation with “Always”

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Interrupted Action in the Future

FUNCTION 2: Specific Time as an Interruption in the Future

FUNCTION 3: Parallel Actions in the Future

FUNCTION 4: Atmosphere in the Future

www.whoisdustin.com
 5

Continuous Tense Forms

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
[was/were + present participle]

Positive (+) Subject Be Verbing Object .

+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject Be not Verbing Object .

Question (?) Be Subject Verbing Object ?

+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- Be Subject Verbing Object ?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

[am/is/are + present participle]

Positive (+) Subject Be Verbing Object .

+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject Be not Verbing Object .

Question (?) Be Subject Verbing Object ?

+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- Be Subject Verbing Object ?

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

[will be + present participle]

[am/is/are + going to be + present participle]

Using "will be"

*NOTICE “will be” stays the same. It is NOT the “Be” verb.
Positive (+) Subject will *be Verbing Object .
+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not *be Verbing Object .

Question (?) Will Subject *be Verbing Object ?

+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject *be Verbing Object ?

Using "Be going to"

*NOTICE – This “Be” verb changes to am/is/are * “be” does not
Positive going
Subject Be *be Verbing Object .
(+) to
+ + + + + + +
Negative going
Subject Be not *be Verbing Object .
(-) to

www.whoisdustin.com
 6

Question
Be Subject going to *be Verbing Object ?
(?)
+ + + + + +
Question
Wh- + Be Subject going to *be Verbing Object ?
(?)

NOTES___________________________________________________________

www.whoisdustin.com
 7

Perfect Tense Function

PAST PERFECT TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Completed Action Before Something in the Past

FUNCTION 2: Duration Before Something in the Past

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Unspecified Time Before Now

FUNCTION 2: Duration From the Past Until Now

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Completed Action Before Something in the Future

FUNCTION 2: Duration Before Something in the Future

www.whoisdustin.com
 8

Perfect Tense Forms

PAST PERFECT TENSE

[had + past participle]

Positive (+) Subject had Verb(ed) Object .

+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject had not Verb(ed) Object .

Question (?) Had Subject Verb(ed) Object ?

+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- had Subject Verb(ed) Object ?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

[have + past participle]

[has + past participle]

Positive (+) Subject have/has Verb(ed) Object .

+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject have/has not Verb(ed) Object .

Question (?) Have/has Subject Verb(ed) Object ?

+ + + + +
Question (?) Wh- have/has Subject Verb(ed) Object ?

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

[will have + past participle]

[am/is/are + going to have + past participle]

Using "will"
Positive (+) Subject will have Verb(ed) Object .
will +
+ + + + +
Negative (-) Subject not have Verb(ed) Object .

Question (?) Will Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?

+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?

Using "Be going to"

Positive (+) Subject Be going to have Verb(ed) Object .
Negative (-) Subject
+
Be + not
+
going to
+
have
+
Verb(ed)
+
Object
+
.

www.whoisdustin.com
 9

Question going
Be Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?
(?) to
Question
+ + +
going
+ + + +
Wh- Be Subject have Verb(ed) Object ?
(?) to

NOTES___________________________________________________________

www.whoisdustin.com
 10

Perfect Continuous Tense Functions

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Duration Before Something in the Past

FUNCTION 2: Cause of Something in the Past

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Duration From the Past Until Now

FUNCTION 2: Recently, Lately

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

FUNCTION 1: Duration Before Something in the Future

FUNCTION 2: Cause of Something in the Future

www.whoisdustin.com
 11

Perfect Continuous Tense Forms

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
[had been + present participle]

Positive (+) Subject had been Verbing Object .

+ + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject had not been Verbing Object .

Question (?) had Subject been Verbing Object ?

+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- had Subject been Verbing Object ?

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

[have + been + present participle]

[has + been + present participle]

Positive Subject have/has been Verbing Object .

(+)
+ + + + + +
Negative (- Subject have/has not been Verbing Object .
)

Question (?) Have/has Subject been Verbing Object ?

+ + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- have/has Subject been Verbing Object ?

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

[will have been + present participle]

[am/is/are + going to have been + present participle]

Using "will"
Positive (+) Subject will have been Verbing Object .
+ + + + + + +
Negative (-) Subject will not have been Verbing Object .

Question (?) Will Subject have been Verbing Object ?

+ + + + + + +
Question (?) Wh- will Subject have been Verbing Object ?

www.whoisdustin.com
 12

Using "Be going to"

Positive going
(+)
Subj Be
to
have been Verbing Object .
Negative
+ + +
going
+ + + + +
(-)
Subj Be not
to
have been Verbing Object .

Question going
(?)
Be Subj
to
have been Verbing Object ?
+ + + + + + + +
Question going
(?)
Wh- Be Subj
to
have been Verbing Object ?

NOTES___________________________________________________________

www.whoisdustin.com
 13

Adjectives
Possessive adjectives

Definition: Possessive adjectives are used to show ownership or possession.

http://www.englishlanguageguide.com/grammar/possessive-adjective.asp

*Possessive Adjectives ↓ Determiners (Tells who something belongs to)

www.lenguasextranjeras.blogsek.es

*Comparative adjectives (see Comparatives)

*Superlative adjectives (see Superlatives)

Top 95 commonly used adjectives

TOP
ADJECTIVES TRANSLATION DEFINITION
95
1 Afraid
2 Angry
3 Bad
4 beautiful
5 Big
6 boring
7 cheap
8 close (distance)
9 closed

www.whoisdustin.com
 14

10 Cold
11 comfortable
12 complete
13 complex
14 confident
15 creative
16 Cute
17 dangerous
18 dependent
19 different
20 difficult
21 Dry
22 early
23 easy
24 embarrassed
25 empty
26 expensive
27 Far
28 Fast
29 First
30 Flat
31 formal
32 friendly
33 Full
34 general
35 good
36 happy
37 hard
38 healthy
39 helpful
40 high
41 hot
42 hungry
43 impossible
44 incomplete
45 independent
46 informal
47 inside
48 large
49 last
50 late
51 less
52 little
53 lonely
54 long

www.whoisdustin.com
 15

55 loose
56 loud
57 low
58 lucky
59 mad
60 more
61 near
62 negative
63 nice
64 Old
65 open
66 outside
67 poor
68 popular
69 positive
70 pretty
71 private
72 quiet
73 rich
74 round
75 scared
76 short
77 shy
78 similar
79 simple
80 slow
81 small
82 specific
83 strong
84 successful
85 tall
86 tight
87 ugly
88 uncomfortable
89 unfair
90 unhappy
91 upset
92 warm
93 weak
94 wet
95 young

www.whoisdustin.com
 16

Adverbs
Definition: An adverb is the part of speech that is used to modify a verb, adjective, or
other adverb.
Adverbs of time are used to express relationships in time, indefinite frequency that you
do something, definite frequency that you do something, and more specific points of
time.

Adverbs of Time

http://languagelearningbase.com/22316/adverbs-of-time

Practice: Fill in the blank with an Adverb of Frequency.

1. I ______________ practice English with my friends after school.
2. We _______________ play football in the park.
3. William _______________ watches movies in the cinema.
4. Dana and Bart _______________ eat at their favorite Mexican
restaurant.
5. Students ____________ study for exams two weeks before the test.

www.whoisdustin.com
 17

A General Guide for Adverbs

www.paula-espaciodelestudiante.blogspot.com

How? When? How often? Where? How much?

angrily afterwards always above almost
anxiously again annually around completely
cautiously before constantly away entirely
courageously beforehand daily below little
elegantly early hourly down much
enthusiastically lately monthly downstairs rather
gently now occasionally everywhere very
gladly often often here
happily punctually once inside
loudly recently regularly outside
madly soon repeatedly there
nervously then sometimes up
quickly today usually wherever
sadly tomorrow yearly
safely yesterday
weakly

www.whoisdustin.com
 18

Practice: Fill in the blank with an adverbs.

1. I __________ look at my favorite website, www.whoisdustin.com.
2. My friends and I walk ________ the stairs instead of the elevator.
3. We can hear you better when you talk _____________.
4. They ___________ take an umbrella, because it ____________ rains.
5. Every year, I _____________ raise money for my Volunteaching Charity.

BE Verb

Subject Simple Present Simple Past Past Participle

Form Form
I am was been
You
We
are were been
They
Plural Nouns
He
She
It is was was
Singular Nouns
Uncountable Nouns
http://www.english-the-easy-way.com/English_ESL/Verb_To_Be_Chart.htm

Practice: Fill in the blank with the correct BE Verb.

1. I ________ a student learning English, right now. (Simple Present)
2. Today, my friends ________ going to school. (Simple Present)
3. The rice _______ delicious, last week. (Simple Past)
4. Yesterday, my dog __________ playing at the park. (Past Continuous)
5. My friend and I ___________ playing football yesterday. (Past Continuous)

www.whoisdustin.com
 19

Clauses

Imperative clauses
We use imperative clauses when we want to tell someone to do something (most
commonly for advice, suggestions, requests, commands, orders or instructions).
We can use them to tell people to do or not to do things. They usually don’t
have a subject. We use the base form of the verb to start the sentence.

Example:
Study for the test.
Eat a good breakfast before school.
Go to sleep at 10pm, so you won’t be tired in the morning.

Practice: Write 5 sentences of your own.

1._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

www.whoisdustin.com
 20

Relative clauses

We build a sentence by connecting a relative clause with the main clause

sentence. The relative cause is often a sentence fragment and can’t stand alone
by itself. It must be attached to the main clause, which is a complete sentence by
itself.

It is usually combined using these connecting words:

-That
-Where
-Which
-Who

Example:
Nathan was very happy when he passed his exam that he thought he had failed.
{ Main Clause }{ Relative Clause }

To pass his final exam, Dustin studied all night which helped him learn more.
{ Main Clause }{ Relative Clause }

Practice: Write four sentences of your own.

1._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

www.whoisdustin.com
 21

If/When clauses

An easy way to remember if you need a comma when you write an if/when
clause is to remember that if you use “if” or “when” to begin your sentence then
you will need a comma.
Example:

If I study for my exam, I will pass. (Use a comma since the sentence begins with “if”)
I will pass if I study for my exam.

When I study for a test, I score better. (Use a comma since the sentence begins with “when”)
I score better when I study for a test.

Practice: Write four sentences of your own using “if” and “when”.
1._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

NOTES___________________________________________________________

www.whoisdustin.com
 22

Collocations
Definition: A group of words, or phrases, that are commonly used.

break catch come

break a habit catch a ball come close
break a leg catch a bus come complete with
break a promise catch a cold come early
break a record catch a thief come first
break a window catch fire come into view
break someone's heart catch someone's attention come last
break the ice catch someone's eye come late
break the law catch the flu come on time
break the news to come prepared
someone come right back
break the rules come to a decision
come to an agreement
come to an end
do go get
do business go abroad get a haircut
do nothing go bald get a job
do someone a favor go bankrupt get angry
do the cooking go blind get divorced
do the dishes go crazy get drunk
do the housework go deaf get home
do the shopping go fishing get lost
do your best go missing get married
do your hair go online get permission
do your homework go out of business get pregnant
go overseas get ready
go to war get started
get the message
get worried
have keep make
have a drink keep a diary make a difference
have a good time keep a promise make a mess
have a holiday keep a secret make a mistake
have a problem keep an appointment make a noise
have a relationship keep calm make an effort
have a rest keep control make furniture
have lunch keep in touch make money
keep quiet make progress
make room

www.whoisdustin.com
 23

pay save take

pay a fine save electricity take a bath
pay attention save energy take a break
pay by credit card save money take a chance
pay cash save someone a seat take a look
pay someone a save someone's life take a seat
compliment save space take a taxi
pay someone a visit save time take an exam
pay the bill take notes
pay your respects take someone's place
take someone's
temperature
https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations-lists.htm

Comparatives
Definition: Comparative Adjective are used to compare the differences between 2 nouns.

5 Rules for using comparative adjectives.

1. Adjectives that have 1 syllable you add –er to the end of the adjective.
2. Adjectives that have 1 syllable and end in -e you add –r to the end of the adjective.
3. Adjectives that have 2 syllables and end in - y, then change the -y to -i and add –er.
4. "more" or "less" is used before adjectives that have 2 syllables that do not end in -y.
5. "more" or "less" is used for adjectives that have 3 or more syllables.
http://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Adjectives/Comparative_Adjectives.htm

TOP 10 IRREGULAR ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE

1 bad worse
2 good better
3 far (place) farther
4 far (place or time) further
5 late (time) later
6 late (order) latter
7 little (size) littler
8 little (amount) less
9 many/much/some more
10 old (people or things) older
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/grammar/partsofspeech/adjectives/

www.whoisdustin.com
 24

Practice: Fill in the blank with the correct form of the Comparative
Adjective.
1. Today is ___________(hot) than yesterday. Rule 1

2. After I brushed my teeth they were much __________(white). Rule 2

3. The classroom was ________(messy) after the students left. Rule 3

4. Learning English is ___________(simple) than German. Rule 4

5. The girl was even ____________(beautiful) in her new dress. Rule 5

Conditionals
*If/When Clauses (see Clauses)
Determiners
*Possessive Adjectives (see Adjectives)
Imperatives
*Imperative Clauses (see Clauses – Imperative Clauses)

Irregular Verbs
Top Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle
130

1 arise arose arisen

2 awake awakened / awoke awakened / awoken

3 be was, were been

4 become became become

5 begin began begun

6 bend bent bent

7 bite bit bitten

www.whoisdustin.com
 25

8 bleed bled bled

9 blow blew blown

10 break broke broken

11 bring brought brought

12 build built built

13 burn burned burnt

14 buy bought bought

15 cast cast cast

16 catch caught caught

17 choose chose chosen

18 come came come

19 cost cost cost

20 cut cut cut

21 deal dealt dealt

22 do did done

23 draw drew drawn

24 drive drove driven

25 eat ate eaten

26 fall fell fallen

27 feed fed fed

28 feel felt felt

www.whoisdustin.com
 26

29 fight fought fought

30 find found found

31 fly flew flown

32 forget forgot forgotten

33 forgive forgave forgiven

34 freeze froze frozen

35 get got gotten

36 give gave given

37 go went gone

38 grow grew grown

39 have had had

40 hear heard heard

41 hide hid hidden

42 hit hit hit

43 hold held held

44 keep kept kept

45 kneel kneeled knelt

46 know knew known

47 leave left left

48 lend lent lent

49 lose lost lost

www.whoisdustin.com
 27

50 make made made

51 mean meant meant

52 meet met met

53 mislead misled misled

54 mistake mistook mistaken

55 misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood

56 miswrite miswrote miswritten

57 overcome overcame overcome

58 overdraw overdrew overdrawn

59 oversleep overslept overslept

60 overspend overspent overspent

61 pay paid paid

62 premake premade premade

63 prepay prepaid prepaid

64 proofread proofread proofread

65 prove proved proven / proved

66 put put put

67 quit quit quit

68 read read (sounds like read (sounds like "red")

"red")

69 ride rode ridden

70 ring rang rung

www.whoisdustin.com
 28

71 rise rose risen

72 run ran run

73 say said said

74 see saw seen

75 seek sought sought

76 sell sold sold

77 send sent sent

78 shake shook shaken

79 shave shaved shaven

80 show showed shown

81 shut shut shut

82 sing sang sung

83 sit sat sat

84 sleep slept slept

85 slide slid slid

86 smell smelled smelt

87 speak spoke spoken

88 spell spelled spelt

89 spend spent spent

90 spill spilled spilled

91 spin spun spun

www.whoisdustin.com
 29

92 spring sprang / sprung sprung

93 stand stood stood

94 steal stole stolen

95 stick stuck stuck

96 sting stung stung

97 stink stunk stunk

98 strike (hit) struck stricken

99 swear swore sworn

100 sweat sweated sweated

101 sweep swept swept

102 swim swam swum

103 swing swung swung

104 take took taken

105 teach taught taught

106 tear tore torn

107 tell told told

108 test-drive test-drove test-driven

109 think thought thought

110 throw threw thrown

111 unbend unbent unbent

112 underbid underbid underbid

www.whoisdustin.com
 30

113 undercut undercut undercut

114 undersell undersold undersold

115 underspend underspent underspent

116 understand understood understood

117 undertake undertook undertaken

118 underwrite underwrote underwritten

119 undo undid undone

120 unfreeze unfroze unfrozen

121 uphold upheld upheld

122 wake woke / waked woken / waked

123 wear wore worn

124 wet wet wet

125 win won won

126 wind wound wound

127 withdraw withdrew withdrawn

128 withhold withheld withheld

129 withstand withstood withstood

130 write wrote written

http://www.englishpage.com/irregularverbs/irregularverbs.html

www.whoisdustin.com
 31

Modal Verbs
Definition: A modal verb is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality – that
is, likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation.

for obligation to express opinions for giving advice

have to
have got to
could would
must
may ought to
need to
might be should
ought to
should
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modal_verb

Practice: Write four sentences of your own.

1. I ____________ study a lot to pass my English class. (advice)

2. You________________ wear a jacket because it is cold outside. (advice)

3. This car _______________ the fastest car. (opinion)

4. This teacher ____________ be the easiest to understand. (opinion)

5. We __________ attend class to pass our attendance grade. (obligation)

Nouns
Countable
Definition: A noun that can be counted with a number in the singular and plural form. IT
is an item that can be broken down into smaller units.

Uncountable (non-countable)

Definition: A noun that cannot be counted, they are not separate objects. This means
you cannot make them plural by adding -s, because they only have a singular form. It
also means that they do not take a/an or a number in front of them. They are items that
can not be broken down into a smaller unit.

www.whoisdustin.com
 32

Countable Uncountable
(use a/an or a number in (there is no a/an or Uncountable → Countable
front of countable number with
nouns) uncountable nouns)
An apple / 1 Apple Air A breath of Air.
Apples / Two Apples Blood A drip of blood.
Clothing A piece of clothing.
A book / 1 Book Coffee A cup of coffee.
Books / Two books Education A college education.
Garbage A piece of garbage.
A cat / 1 Cat Homework A list of homework.
Cats / Three cats Ice A piece of ice.
Music 10 notes of music.
A dog / 1 Dog Rain 100 drops of rain.
Dogs / Four dogs Rice One grain of rice.
Tea Two cups of tea.
An elephant / 1 Elephant Water Five drops of water.
Elephants / Five elephants Wine One glass of wine.
Wood Ten pieces of wood.
http://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/noununcount.html

TOP
NOUNS TRANSLATION DEFINITION
100
1 Air
2 Area
3 Art
4 Back
5 Body
6 Book
7 Business
8 Car
9 Chase
10 Change
11 Child
12 City
13 Community
14 Company
15 Country
16 Day
17 Door
18 Education
19 End
20 Eye
21 Face

www.whoisdustin.com
 33

22 Fact
23 Family
24 Father
25 Force
26 Friend
27 Game
28 Girl
29 Government
30 Group
31 Guy
32 Hand
33 Head
34 Health
35 History
36 Home
37 Hour
38 House
39 Idea
40 Information
41 Issue
42 Job
43 Kid
44 Kind
45 Law
46 Level
47 Life
48 Line
49 Lot
50 Man
51 Member
52 Minute
53 Moment
54 Money
55 Month
56 Morning
57 Mother
58 Name
59 Night
60 Number
61 Office
62 Others
63 Parent
64 Part
65 Party
66 People

www.whoisdustin.com
 34

67 Person
68 Place
69 Point
70 President
71 Problem
72 Program
73 Question
74 Reason
75 Research
76 Result
77 Right
78 Room
79 School
80 Service
81 Side
82 State
83 Story
84 Student
85 Study
86 System
87 Teacher
88 Team
89 Thing
90 Time
91 War
92 Water
93 Way
94 Week
94 Woman
96 Word
97 Work
98 World
99 Yard
100 Year

www.whoisdustin.com
 35

Phrasal Nouns
Definition: Phrasal nouns are a group of words that include a noun, and are often used
in place of a noun in a sentence to add more specific details.

Example:
If there is more than one boy in the classroom, it is best to use a noun
phrase to make your subject more specific.

The boy is a good student.

{ noun }

The quiet boy that sits in the front row of class is a good student.
{ noun phrase }

Phrasal Verbs
Definition: Phrasal verbs are a group of words that include a verb, and are often used in
place of a verb to change the overall meaning of the sentence. The words apart from
each other usually do not mean the same meaning as when they are used together.

Example:
Phrasal
Meaning Example
Verb
Many critics were shocked when
Catch on Become popular.
techno CAUGHT ON in the clubs.

A complete list of Phrasal Verbs listed from A→Z can be found at

http://www.easypacelearning.com/all-lessons/grammar/1219-
phrasal-verbs-list-meanings-and-examples

www.whoisdustin.com
 36

Prepositions
Definition: A preposition is a word that usually comes before a noun, or a pronoun, to show the
relationship to another word in the sentence.

COMMON PREPOSITIONS
about above across after against along
among around as at before behind
below beneath beside between beyond but
by concerning despite down during except
for from in into like near
next of off on onto out
outside over past since through throughout
to toward under underneath unlike until
under up upon with within without

www.leticiaportugal.blogspot.com

www.whoisdustin.com
 37

www.learnenglishwithpictures.blogspot.com

www.whoisdustin.com
 38

Practice: Fill in the blank using the correct preposition.

www.tx.english-ch.com

www.whoisdustin.com
 39

Prepositional Phrases
Definition: Prepositional Phrases add more detailed meaning to nouns and verbs in a
sentence. They often come at the beginning or the end of sentences, but can also be
placed throughout the sentence depending on what nouns and verbs you are adding
details to.

COMMON PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

AT
at (a) high speed at a rate of at length at the / in front of
at (the) risk (of) at a speed of at liberty at the age of
at / by one’s side at a standstill at most at the beginning
at / for a fraction of at all costs at night at the expense of
at / from the outset at all events at noon at the foot of
at / in the end at an advantage at odds with at the hands of
at / on sight at any cost at once at the height of
at / on the double at any rate at one’s best at the latest
at a / one time at breakfast at one’s discretion at the mercy of
at a disadvantage at ease (with) at one’s disposal at the peak of
at a discount at face value at one’s leisure at the same time
at a distance at fault at one’s request at the thought of
at a glance at full strength at peace / war at the time of
at a guess at hand at play at the top of
at a loose and at heart at present at this juncture
at a loss at home (with) at random at times
at a moment’s notice at large at sea at war with
at a price at least at work

BY
by (any) chance by coincidence by law by profession
by / with luck by courtesy of by marriage by reason of
by accident by definition by means of by request
by air /sea /land by degrees by mistake by rights
by all accounts by design by my watch by sight
by all means by dint of by nature by surprise
by any standard by far by no means by the side of
by appointment by force by oneself by virtue of
by birth by hand by order of by way of
by check by heart by process of

www.whoisdustin.com
 40

FORM/FROM
for a good cause for fear of for life for the sake of
for the benefit (of) for good for love for want of
for a (good) reason for granted for my part from experience
for a change for hire for real from memory
for certain / sure for lack of for the good of

IN
in (no) time in consequence in memory of
in / at the forefront of in contact with in mid-air in store for
in / on demand in contrast with/to in mind in succession
in / out of focus in control of in moderation in support of
in / out of one’s in convoy in mourning (for) in suspense
element in custody in name in sympathy with
in / out of prison in danger in office in tears
in / out of season in debt in one’s absence in terms of
in / out of stock in decline in one’s presence in terror
in / out of touch (with) in defense of in one’s spare time in the absence of
in / out of use in detail in operation in the aftermath
in / with difficulty in disgrace in opposition to in the balance
in / within sight (of) in disguise in origin in the case of
in a deep sleep in disorder in other words in the course of
in a flash in dispute in pain in the distance
in a heap in distress in Parliament in the event of
in a hurry in doubt in particular in the extreme
in a mess in due course in person in the eyes of
in a pile in duplicate in pieces in the flesh
in a sense in earnest in place of in the form of
in a temper in effect in possession of in the habit of
in abeyance in error in poverty in the interests of
in abundance in essence in practice in the lead
in accordance with in excess of in preference to in the light of
in action in exchange for in preparation for in the long run
in addition to in existence in principle in the making
in advance in fact in private in the meantime
in agony in fairness to in progress in the midst of
in agreement with in favor of in proportion to/with in the mood for
in aid of in fear of in public in the name of
in all likelihood in flames in pursuit of in the night
in an instant in flower in quantity in the open
in an uproar in full in question in the process of
in answer to in future in reality in the right
in anticipation of in gear in recognition of in the seclusion of
in arrears in general in relation to in the shade
in awe of in good condition in reply to in the space of
in blossom

www.whoisdustin.com
 41

in brief in good faith in reserve in the wake of

in bulk in hand in residence in the way of
in cash in harmony (with) in respect of in the wrong
in character in haste in response to in theory
in charge of in hiding in retrospect in time for
in code in high spirits in return in times of
in collaboration with in honor of in revenge for in town
in combination with in horror (of) in reverse in trouble
in comfort in ink / pencil in ruins in tune with
in command of in isolation in safety in turmoil
in common in its infancy in sb’s interest in turn
in comparison with in jeopardy in sb’s opinion in two minds
in compensation for in keeping with in search of in twos / threes /
in conclusion in labor in secret tens
in confidence in league with in self-defense in uniform
in confinement in length in settlement of in unison
in confusion in line with in short in vain
in conjunction with in love with in silence in view of
in connection with in small change in vogue
in words
ON
on (the) watch (for) on behalf of on order on the job
on / behind schedule on board on paper on the move
on / off the record on business on parade on the off-chance
on / off the road on condition that on patrol on the outskirts
on / under oath on credit on principle on the part of
on / under pain of on display on purpose on the phone
on /of the air on edge on reflection on the point of
on /off balance on end on remand on the run
on a diet on file on sale on the strength of
on a journey on fire on second thoughts on the stroke of
on a large scale on foot on show on the tip of
on a small scale on good terms on strike on the top of
on a pension on guard on suspicion of on the
on a regular basis on hand on the agenda understanding that
on a spree on horseback on the assumption on the verge of
on account of on impulse on the brink of on the way to
on an expedition on leave on the dot on time
on an island on loan on the edge of on tiptoe
on approval on no account on the eve of on trial
on average on occasion on the grounds of on vacation
on bail on one’s (own) on the horizon
terms on the hour
on one’s own on the increase

www.whoisdustin.com
 42

OUT
out of / in fashion out of date out of order out of sight
out of / in print out of doors out of pity out of spite
out of / in step out of duty out of place out of stock
out of breath out of hand out of practice out of the ordinary
out of context out of ideas out of reach out of the question
out of control out of one’s mind out of respect for out of work

TO
to / on the contrary to the / this day
to an extent to the accompaniment of
to date to the best of
to excess to the detriment of
to one’s astonishment to the exclusion of
to one’s credit to the full
to one’s dismay to the satisfaction of
to sb’s face

UNDER
under the circumstances under regulations
under age under repair
under arrest under strain
under consideration under stress
under construction under suspicion
under cover of under the command of
under discussion under the impression that
under lock and key under the influence (of)
under one’s protection under the misapprehension
under orders under treatment
under pressure

WITH WITHIN WITHOUT

with / in reference to within / out of earshot without (a) doubt
with / without success within / without reason without a break
with a view to within grasp without a hitch
with an eye to within limits without delay
with regard to within one’s budget without exception
with regret within one’s power without fail
with respect to within one’s rights without foundation
with the aid of within reach (of) without precedent
with the compliments of within site without question
with the exception of within walking / striking without respite
with the help of distance without warning
with the intention of
http://www.advanced-english-grammar.com/list-of-prepositional-phrases.htm

www.whoisdustin.com
 43

Pronouns
Definition: Any of the pronouns used to refer to who the speaker is.

Category Pronoun
First-person I
Second-person You
Third-person He/She/It
First-person We
Third-person They

First-person pronouns normally refer to the speaker, in the case of the singular (as the
English I), or to the speaker and others, in the case of the plural (as the English we).

Second-person pronouns normally refer to the person or persons being addressed (as
the English you); in the plural they may also refer to the person or persons being
addressed together with third parties.

Third-person pronouns normally refer to third parties other than the speaker or the
person being addressed (as the English he, she, it, they).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_pronoun

There are Subject Pronouns, Object Pronouns, and Possessive Pronouns.

www.homeworkforfoundationenglish.blogspot.com

www.whoisdustin.com
 44

Superlatives
Definition: Superlatives usually define the adjective as being of the most it can be.

TOP 10 IRREGULAR ADJECTIVE SUPERLATIVE

1 bad worst
2 good best
3 far (place) farthest
4 far (place or time) furthest
5 late (time) latest
6 late (order) last
7 little (size) littlest
8 little (amount) least
9 many/much/some most
10 old (people or things) oldest
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/grammar/partsofspeech/adjectives/

5 Rules for using superlative adjectives.

1. Adjectives that have 1 syllable you add –est to the end of the adjective.
2. Adjectives that have 1 syllable and end in -e you add –st to the end of the adjective.
3. Adjectives that have 2 syllables and end in - y, then change the -y to -i and add –est.
4. "most" or "least" is used before adjectives that have 2 syllables that do not end in -y.
5. "most" or "least" is used for adjectives that have 3 or more syllables.

IMPORTANT- the word “the” goes before the adjective.

-The hardest day…
-The happiest person…
-The most beautiful flower…

Example:

Learning English is the best language to learn. (the + irregular superlative)

A plane is the fastest way to travel around the world. (the + adjective+est)
That flower is the most beautiful of them all! (the + most + adjective)

www.whoisdustin.com
 45

Practice: Fill in the blank with the correct form of the Superlative
Adjecive.
1. It was the ___________(hot) month this whole year. Rule 1

2. My shirt is the __________(white) after I clean it. Rule 2

3. The classroom was the ________(messy) after class. Rule 3

4. Learning English is the ___________(simple) language. Rule 4

5. The girl was the ____________(beautiful) girl in the room. Rule 5

There is/There are

Definition: We use there is or there are to say that something exists.

We use there is for singular nouns.

Example:

There is a test today in English class.

We use there are for singular nouns.

Example:

There are tests today in my classes.

Time Expressions
*Adverbs of Time (see Adverbs)

www.whoisdustin.com
 46

Verbs
TOP
VERBS TRANSLATION DEFINITION
100
1 add
2 allow
3 appear
4 ask
5 be
6 become
7 begin
8 believe
9 bring
10 build
11 buy
12 call
13 can
14 change
15 come
16 consider
17 continue
18 could
19 create
20 cut
21 die
22 do
23 expect
24 fall
25 feel
26 find
27 follow
28 get
29 give
30 go
31 grow
32 happen
33 have
34 hear
35 help
36 hold
37 include
38 keep
39 kill
40 know
41 lead

www.whoisdustin.com
 47

42 learn
43 leave
44 let
45 like
46 live
47 look
48 lose
49 love
50 make
51 may
52 mean
53 meet
54 might
55 move
56 must
57 need
58 offer
59 open
60 pay
61 play
62 provide
63 put
64 reach
65 read
66 remain
67 remember
68 run
69 say
70 see
71 seem
72 send
73 serve
74 set
75 should
76 show
77 sit
78 speak
79 spend
80 stand
81 start
82 stay
83 stop
84 take
85 talk
86 tell

www.whoisdustin.com
 48

87 think
88 try
89 turn
90 understand
91 use
92 wait
93 walk
94 want
95 watch
96 will
97 win
98 work
99 would
100 write

www.whoisdustin.com
 49

ANSWER KEY
Page 16 – Adverbs

Answers may vary – Should be Frequency Adverbs (indefinite or definite)

Page 18 – Adverbs

Answers will vary

Page 18 – BE Verb

1. Am 2. Are 3. Was 4. Was 5. Were

Page 24 – Comparatives

1. hotter 2. whiter 3. messier 4. more simple 5. more beautiful

Page 31 – Modal Verbs (answers may vary)

1. would/ought to/should

2. would/ought to/should

3. could/may/might

4. could/may/might

5. have to/have got to/must/ought to/need to/should

Page 38 – Preposition

1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A

Page 45 – Superlatives

1. hottest 2. whitest 3. messiest 4. simplest 5. most beautiful

www.whoisdustin.com
 REFERENCES

www.lenguasextranjeras.blogsek.es
http://languagelearningbase.com/22316/adverbs-of-time
www.paula-espaciodelestudiante.blogspot.com
http://www.english-the-easy-way.com/English_ESL/Verb_To_Be_Chart.htm
https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations-lists.htm
http://www.english-the-easy-
way.com/Adjectives/Comparative_Adjectives.htm
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/grammar/partsofspeech/adjectives/
http://www.englishpage.com/irregularverbs/irregularverbs.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modal_verb
http://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/noununcount.html
http://www.easypacelearning.com/all-lessons/grammar/1219-phrasal-
verbs-list-meanings-and-examples
www.leticiaportugal.blogspot.com
www.learnenglishwithpictures.blogspot.com
www.tx.english-ch.com
http://www.advanced-english-grammar.com/list-of-prepositional-
phrases.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_pronoun
www.homeworkforfoundationenglish.blogspot.com
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/grammar/partsofspeech/adjectives/

www.whoisdustin.com
 Volume 1: KISS Present Tense
Volume 2: KISS Past Tense
Volume 3: KISS Future Tense
Volume 4: KISS Study Guide

Download your copies at

www.whoisdustin.com

www.whoisdustin.com