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Direct Speech, Indirect Speech and Connecting Words

This document provides examples of direct and indirect speech, as well as connecting words used to link ideas. It begins by giving examples of changing direct speech into indirect speech for imperatives, sentences, yes/no questions and information questions. It then lists three groups of connecting words: Group I contains cause and effect connectors, Group II contains addition and comparison connectors, and Group III contains contrast and consequence connectors. The document concludes by giving examples of how to use the connecting words in sentences.

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84 views

Direct Speech, Indirect Speech and Connecting Words

This document provides examples of direct and indirect speech, as well as connecting words used to link ideas. It begins by giving examples of changing direct speech into indirect speech for imperatives, sentences, yes/no questions and information questions. It then lists three groups of connecting words: Group I contains cause and effect connectors, Group II contains addition and comparison connectors, and Group III contains contrast and consequence connectors. The document concludes by giving examples of how to use the connecting words in sentences.

Uploaded by

Cortes L
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Direct Speech, Indirect Speech

and Connecting Words


PRACTICE
Nilzon Antonio Quiñones Valencia
Bachelor of Modern Languages – Uniquindio
Specialist in Administration of Educational Informatics – UDES
Magister in Digital Technologies Applied to Education - UDES
Direct Speech – Change into Indirect Speech
• Imperatives:
1. “Clean the table”, said my mom.
A/ My mom said to me to clean the table.
2. The teacher said, “Don´t cheat on the test”
A/ The teacher said to us not to cheat on the test.
3. “Bring a chair”, she said.
A/ She said to bring a chair.
4. The old man said to him, “always speak the truth.”
A/ The old man advised him to always speak the truth.
5. He said to Ann, “Tell me your problems.”
A/ He told Ann to tell him her problems.
Direct Speech – Change into Indirect Speech
• Sentences:
1. He told Mary, “I love you very much”
A/ He told Mary (that) he loved her very much.
2. John said, “I walk.”
A/ John said (that) he walked.
3. Mr. Brown said, “My daughter has left for school.”
A/ Mr. Brown said (that) his daughter had left for school.
4. They told me, “we were living in Paris.”
A/ They told me (that) they had been living in Paris.
5. He said, “I loved you so much.”
A/ He said to me (that) he had loved me so much.
Direct Speech – Change into Indirect Speech
• Yes/No Questions:
1. “Can you type.”, she asked.
A/ She asked if I could type.
A/ She asked whether (or not) I could type.
2. Anggy asked Oscar, “Do you love me?”
A/ Anggy asked Oscar if he loved her.
3. He asked, “Do you have any experience?”
A/ He asked Ruth if/whether she had any experience.
4. He asked, “Are you the teacher?”
A/ He asked me if I was the teacher.
Direct Speech – Change into Indirect Speech
• Information Questions:
1. “What do you do on weekends?”, She said.
A/ She asked me what I did on weekends.
2. Bob asked, “who got the job?”
A/ Bob asked who had gotten the job.
3. The teacher asked Leiny, “Why didn´t you come last class?”
A/ The teacher asked Leiny why she hadn´t come last class.
4. He asked, “Why don´t you study hard for the exam?”
A/ He wondered why I didn´t study hard for the exam.
What type of connectors do you know?
• Contrast
• Addition
• Example
• Sequence
• Time
• Purpose
• Result
• Cause
Group I: Cause and effect
connectors:
• Consequently: Por consiguiente, Consecuentemente, En consecuencia
• As a result: Como resultado
• Then: Luego, después
• Due to it: Debido a eso
• Thus: Así, En consecuencia, Por consiguiente, Consecuentemente
• Because of that: A causa de eso
• Therefore: Por lo tanto
• For: Porque
• Owning to: Debido a
• As: Puesto que
• Since: Puesto que, Ya que
• For this reason: Por esta razón
Group II: Addition and Comparison
• Also: También
• Hence: De aquí, Por lo tanto
• Besides/Moreover: Además de
• Accordig to that: De acuerdo con
• Furthermore: Además, Es más
• Therefore: Por lo cual, por eso
• In addition: En adición, además
• Not only…but also: No solo…sino que también / No solo… sino que
además
Group III: Contrast and Consequence
• Instead of: En vez de, en lugar de
• Instead: En vez, en lugar, en lugar
• However: Sin embargo, No obstante
• Nevertheless: Sin embargo, No obstante
• On the contrary: Al contrario
• On the other hand: Por otra parte, Por otro lado
• In contrary: Al contrario
• In spite of that: A pesar de
• Regardless of that: Sin hacer caso de
• Conversely: A la inversa
• In spite of that: En lugar de eso
• Yet: Sin embargo
• Although: Aunque
• Whereas/While: Mientras que
Examples – Group I:
• Hector was a very good student who studied constantly; consequently, he found a very
good job after he graduated from college.
• Hector decided not to use a map; consequently, he got lost and never found his way
out of the forest. There he died.
• I have long been interested in science and animals; therefore, I have decided to study
biology in college.
• Someone called in a bomb threat; As a result, school was cancelled.
• The government did not prepare for the hurricane; thus, many people suffered.
• Rent is too expensive in Cali; for this reason, I have decided to move to Buenaventura.
Examples – Group II:
I don´t like going to the beach in the summer; in addition, it´s always
crowded. Furthermore, sometimes people are sitting very close to you.
Not only, you can listen to their conversations but also, you can even
smell their sunscreen lotions.
Examples – Group III:
• New York is not a small city. It is quite big instead.
• I would rather to use a real gun to shoot alien instead of using a water gun.
• He is not our best worker, but nevertheless he tries very hard.
• Life in the United States is easy compared to other parts of the world; on the
other hand, the stress of daily American life makes one wonder how easy it
really is.
• Although, English may be a hard language, it is spoken all around theworld.

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