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Mathematics Chapter 1 Integers

The document discusses the properties of integers including that they are closed under addition and multiplication, subtraction and division have special rules for negatives, and integers form a larger group than whole numbers as they include negative numbers.

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Eileen Kaur Virdi
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50 views

Mathematics Chapter 1 Integers

The document discusses the properties of integers including that they are closed under addition and multiplication, subtraction and division have special rules for negatives, and integers form a larger group than whole numbers as they include negative numbers.

Uploaded by

Eileen Kaur Virdi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematics Chapter 1 Integers

Representation of integers on the number line.

Integers are closed under addition. In general, for any two integers a and b, a + b is
an integer.

Integers are closed under subtraction. Thus, if a and b are two integers then a – b is
also an integer.

Addition is commutative for integers. In general, for any two integers a and b, we can
say a + b = b + a

Subtraction is not commutative for integers.

Addition is associative for integers.

In general, for any integers a, b and c, we can say a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c

Zero is an additive identity for integers. In general, for any integer a


a+0=a=0+a

While multiplying a positive integer and a negative integer, we multiply them as


whole numbers and put a minus sign (-) before the product. We thus get a negative
integer. In general, for any two positive integers a and b we can say a × (-b) = (-a) × b
= -(a × b)

Product of two negative integers is a positive integer. We multiply the two negative
integers as whole numbers and put positive sign before the product. In general, for
any two positive integers a and b, (-a) × (-b) = a × b

Integers are closed under multiplication. a × b is an integer, for all integers a and b,
Multiplication is commutative for integers. In general, for any two integers a and b, a
×b=b×a

The product of a negative integer and zero is zero a × 0 = 0 × a=0

1 is the multiplicative identity for integers.


a×1=1×a=a

Multiplication is associative for integers, (a × b) × c = a × (b × c)

The distributivity of multiplication over addition is true for integers.


a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c

The distributivity of multiplication over subtraction is true for integers.


a × (b – c) = a × b – a × c

When we divide a positive integer by a negative integer, we first divide them as whole
numbers and then put a minus sign (-) before the quotient.
a ÷ (-b) = (-a) ÷ b where b ≠ 0

When we divide a negative integer by a negative integer, we first divide them as


whole numbers and then put a positive sign (+).
(-a) ÷ (-b) = a ÷ b where b ≠ 0

Any integer divided by 1 gives the same number.


a÷1=a

For any integer a, we have a ÷ 0 is not defined.

Natural numbers, whole numbers and integers: The numbers 1, 2, 3,……… which we
use for counting are known as natural numbers. The natural numbers along with
zero forms the collection of whole numbers.
The numbers……., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, form the collection of integers.

Integers Whole Number

1. The integers form a bigger group 1. The whole numbers do not form a
which contains whole numbers and group as big as integers because they
negative numbers do not contain negative numbers.
2. The group of integers includes all 2. The group of whole numbers does
the whole numbers. not include all the integers.

3. There is no smallest integer. 3. 0 is the smallest whole number.

4. Integers are closed under 4. Whole numbers are not closed under
subtraction.
subtraction.

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