Management Science 1st

Exercise
Linear Programming
Q2 from text
The Munchies Cereal Company makes a cereal from several
ingredients. Two of the ingredients, oats and rice, provide vitamins A
and B. The company wants to know how many ounces of oats and rice
it should include in each box of cereal to meet the minimum
requirements of 48 milligrams of vitamin A and 12 milligrams of
vitamin B while minimizing cost. An ounce of oats contributes 8
milligrams of vitamin A and 1 milligram of vitamin B, whereas an
ounce of rice contributes 6 milligrams of A and 2 milligrams of B. An
ounce of oats costs $0.05, and an ounce of rice costs $0.03.

a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem.

b. Solve this model by using graphical analysis.
Question 2

Cereal Oat Rice

Vitamin A 8 6

Vitamin B C 2

* Minimize cost

C 0.05
=
x
,
t 0.03×2

8K , + bxz ≤ 48

Ki t 12
Zzz ≤
2C
, Xz
8cg + 6×2 = 48 6 8
22 = 8 12 6
82C , 1- 6103 = 48
RI
2 6

(O ) t Zxz = 12

K2
= f
k, & 2 Co ) = 12

24
2 12
 8k, +
6×2 ≤ 48

Ki 1- 2×2 ≤ 12

① -
8x ≤ 48 -

6×2
,
✗ I ≤ 48 -
baez
8

② 12

48-gt-o.cz +222 ≤
-

6
§ Kz + ≤
-

12
Zzz

≤ 12
6-
1.25×2
-
1.2s ≤ -
6
>c.

k¥ 4.8

③ -

x, t 2( 4.83 ≤ 12

Re t 9.6 ≤ 12

Ke ≤
2.4

i. intersection =
( 2.4 ,
4. 8)
 ( 0,87
8 #

6- ( 2.4 , 4. 8)
✗

( 12,0 )

i E
•
8K, +6×2 ≤ 48
Be
R
, t 2×2 ≤ 12

05
C = 0 .

,c ,
t
0.03×2

✓ ( or 8) : 0.05 ( to -03483
.

o )
= G. 24
✗ .
(12/0) I 0.05 ( iz ) t 0.03 Co )

= 0.60

✗ -
[ 2. 4,4 -

8) : 0.05 ( 2. 4) to -03 (4-8)

=
0.264

to cost have to produce

they
i. minimize

◦
oats 8 rice
Q4 from text book
The Kalo Fertilizer Company makes a fertilizer using two chemicals
that provide nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium. A pound of ingredient
1 contributes 10 ounces of nitrogen and 6 ounces of phosphate, whereas
a pound of ingredient 2 contributes 2 ounces of nitrogen, 6 ounces of
phosphate, and 1 ounce of potassium. Ingredient 1 costs $3 per pound,
and ingredient 2 costs $5 per pound. The company wants to know how
many pounds of each chemical ingredient to put into a bag of fertilizer
to meet the minimum requirements of 20 ounces of nitrogen, 36 ounces
of phosphate, and 2 ounces of potassium while minimizing cost.
a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem.
b. Solve this model by using graphical analysis.
Question 4

Ingredient 1 2

10 2
nitrogen
phosphate 6 6

potassium 0 I

minimize cost
c = 3x ,
1- Saz

100C
,
t
Zzz 7 20

62 , t 6×2 ≥ 36
2
X2 2

21 Xz

102C , t 210) ≥ 20 2 10
K, I 2 6 6
16 + 2
cos Zacz ≥ 26

22 ≥ 10

624 + 6 (o ≥ 36
)
K, ≥ 6
6 cost 6×2 ≥ 36

6
2Cz I
 100C
,
t
Zzz 7 20

62 , t 6×2 ≥ 36
2
X2 2

① -

10x , I 20
-

ZRZ

24 2 20 -

Zzz
10

2C , ≥
2 -
0.222

② -

6 (2-0.222)+6×2 ≥ 36

V2 1.222+622 ≥ 36
-

121-4-8×2 ≥ 36

8zz ≥
4. 24

5
ocz ≥

③ -

Goa 1- 6 ( s) ≥ 36
≥ 36
6241-30
624 2 6

24 ≥ I

(1-7)
 ( G
,
10
)
✗
10
-

( 1
,
5)

6-
✗

( 6,0 )

I E
2 6

100C
•
,
t
Zzz Z 2°

• Gx , t 6×2 ≥ 36
2
X2 2

c = 3x ,
t Sxz

✗ ( 0,10 ) : 3 (o ) t 5 ( lo )
= 80

✗ ( I ,
s
) : 3 (1) t SLS]
= 28
✓( 6 0
) : t Slo )
, 3 (6)
z 18

i. should produce 6 ingredient I

they
0
ingredient 2 to minimize cost
Q5 from text book
The Pinewood Furniture Company produces chairs and tables from two
resources—labor and wood. The company has 80 hours of labor and 36
board-ft. of wood available each day. Demand for chairs is limited to 6
per day. Each chair requires 8 hours of labor and 2 board-ft. of wood,
whereas a table requires 10 hours of labor and 6 board-ft. of wood. The
profit derived from each chair is $400 and from each table, $100. The
company wants to determine the number of chairs and tables to produce
each day to maximize profit.
a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem.
b. Solve this model by using graphical analysis.
Questions

Furniture Chairs tables

8 16
hours
board 2 6

z =
400K ,
+
100×2

8K , -110 >a ≤ 80

≤ 36
2241-6>4
maximize profit (2)

867710×2 ≤ 80

Kz ≤ §
824 1-
loco , ≤
go
see ≤ 10

2 67 +
6a~ ≤ 36

Xz ≤ 6

224 t 6 Cos ≤ 36

Kc ≤ 18
 8k , t 1022 ≤ 80

224 1- 6 Nz
€ 36

824 ≤ 80 -
lo
ez

ki ≤ to -

xz

24 ≤ 10 -
1.25
xz

2 (10 -

1.25×2) 1- 62cL ≤ 36

20 2.
Saz + 6 Kz
-

≤ 36

20 1- 3- Sky ≤ 36

16
3.
Say ≤
22 I
3¥
36-62%-7-1
x , ±

2C ,
≥ %
 2 =
4002,1-100×2
( 3% , %-) 2 =
2171.4

••( 0
,
8) 2 = 800

o•( 18 , O
) 2 =
7200

8 :

6-
.

8
I ↑
10 18
Q7 from text book
The Crumb and Custard Bakery makes coffee cakes and Danish pastries
in large pans. The main ingredients are flour and sugar. There are 25
pounds of flour and 16 pounds of sugar available, and the demand for
coffee cakes is 5. Five pounds of flour and 2 pounds of sugar are
required to make a pan of coffee cakes, and 5 pounds of flour and 4
pounds of sugar are required to make a pan of Danish. A pan of coffee
cakes has a profit of $1, and a pan of Danish has a profit of $5.
Determine the number of pans of cakes and Danish to produce each day
so that profit will be maximized.
a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem.
b. Solve this model by using graphical analysis.
 Question >

Pastry coffee Danish

cakes pastries

5 5
flour

Sugar 2 4

p = x
,
✗
Saz

5K , t Sxz ≤ 25

Kaz ≤ 16
224 +

X, Xz

52 t SCGJ ≤ 2s s s
,
≤ s 8 4
x,
Scott Sxz ≤ 2s

≤ 5
x2

2 t 4 co ) ≤ 16
24

04 ≤ 8

2 (o ) + 4 ≤ 16
zcz
222 ≤ 4
 5K , t Sxz ≤ 25

Kxz ≤ 16
2.x , +

① -

Sx , ≤ 25 -
Saz
24
≤ 2s -
Sez
-

②
(253%1)+4×2
-

z ≤ 16

2 (5-72)+4×2 ≤ 16

≤ 16
10 -

272 +422

10-2×2<-16
-

2rz≤ 6
≤ 3
Iz

③ -

2x, + 4
(3) ≤ 16

224 + 12 ≤ 16
≤ 4
2>4

x, ≤ 2

* (2 , 3)
 ( 0,5 )

5¥

4-
(2/3)
✗

( 8,0 )

'

s
¥
• 5K , t 5×2 ≤ 25

Kxz ≤ 16
• 2.x , +

p = x
,
✗
Saz

✓ ( Ors ) : •
+ Scs )
= 25

(8/0) : 8 1- Slo ]

= 8

✗ ( 2,3 ) 1- S (3)
: = (2)
= 17

to need to
'

-
. maximize
profit they
produce °
Coffee and 5 danish
cake pastries