STRING IN C++

COMPILE TIME INITIALIZATION OF STRING

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
char ch[50]="Renuka";
cout << "Hello " << ch << ".\n";
getchar();
return 0;
}
RUN TIME INITIALIZATION OF STRING

PROGRAM 1

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
char name[50];
cout << "Enter your name : ";
cin>>name;
cout<<"Hello "<<name<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
PROGRAM 2

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string fullName;
cout << "Type your full name: ";
getline (cin, fullName);
cout << "Your name is: " << fullName<<endl;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}
PROGRAM 3

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>

void main()
{
char name[100];
clrscr();
cout<<"Father of C++ : ";
cin.get(name,30);
cout<<"C++ is invented by "<<name;
getch();
}
 STRING FUNCTIONS

1. LENGTH()
2. SIZE()
3. CAPACITY()

Syntax
string.length()
string.size()
string.capacity()

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string fullName;
cout<<"Type your full name: ";
getline (cin, fullName);
cout << "Your name is: " << fullName<<endl;
cout << "Using size()"<<endl<<"The length of
your name : " << fullName.size()<<endl;
cout << "Using length()"<<endl<<"The length
of your name : " << fullName.length()<<endl;
cout << "Using capacity()"<<endl<<"The length
of your name : " << fullName.capacity();
cout<<endl;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}
4. APPEND()

Syntax
string1.append(string2)

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string fname,lname;
cout << "Type your first name: ";
getline (cin, fname);
cout << "Type your last name: ";
getline (cin, lname);
fname.append(lname);
cout << "Hello "<<fname;
cout<<endl;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}
5. ASSIGN()

Syntax
string1.assign(string2)
string1.assign(string2, position of the
character ,number of characters of string to
be copied)

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string str = "C is a programming language";
cout<<"Original string : "<<str<<endl;
string str1;
str1.assign(str,7,20) ;
cout<<"Updated string : "<<str1<<endl;
cout<<endl;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}
6. AT()

Syntax
string1.at(string2)

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string str = "Welcome";
cout<<"String is Welcome :"<<endl;
for(int i=0; i<str.length(); i++)
{
cout<<"index : "<<i<<"\t"<<"Characetr :
"<<str.at(i)<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}
7. BEGIN()

Syntax
iterator itvariable = string.begin();

8. END()

Syntax
iterator itvariable = string.end();

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string str="Welcome To C++ Programming
Language";
cout<<"String :"<<str<<endl;

string::iterator first=str.begin();
cout<<"1st character of String :
"<<*first<<endl;
string::iterator last=str.end();
cout<<"Last character of Welcome : "<<*(last-
1)<<endl;
cout<<endl;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}
9. ERASE()

Syntax
string.erase(position,length);

10. CLEAR()

Syntax
string.clear();

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string fullname;
int i;
cout<<"Type your full name: ";
getline (cin, fullname);
cout<<"Your name is "<<fullname<<endl;
cout<<"Erasing some characters from name :
"<<endl;
fullname.erase(4,3);
cout<<"Type your full name:
"<<fullname<<endl;
cout<<"Don't like your name.......Press 0 to
clear it : "<<endl;
cin>>i;
if(i==0)
fullname.clear();
cout<<"Your name is "<<fullname<<endl;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}
11. COMPARE()

Syntax :
int k= string1.compare(string2);

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string str1,str2;
int k;
cout << "Enter first string : ";
cin>>str1;
cout << "Enter second string : ";
cin>>str2;
k= str1.compare(str2);
if(k==0)
{
cout<<endl<<"Both the strings are
equal"<<endl;
}
else
{
if(k>0)
{
cout<<"Both the strings are
unequal...."<<endl;
cout<<"First string is greater as compared to
second string"<<endl;
}
else
{
cout<<"Both the strings are
unequal...."<<endl;
cout<<"First string is smaller as compared to
second string"<<endl;
}
}
system ("pause");
return 0;
}
12. SWAP()

Syntax
string1.swap(string2);

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string str1,str2;
int k;
cout<<"Enter first string : ";
cin>>str1;
cout<<"Enter second string : ";
cin>>str2;
cout<<"Before swap"<<endl;
cout<<"first string : "<<str1<<endl;
cout<<"second string : "<<str2<<endl;
str1.swap(str2);
cout<<"After swap"<<endl;
cout<<"first string : "<<str1<<endl;
cout<<"second string : "<<str2<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
13.MAX_SIZE()

Syntax
string.max_size()

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string str1;
int k;
cout<<"Enter first string : ";
cin>>str1;
cout<<"Maximum size of the string is
:"<<str1.max_size()<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
14. RESIZE()

Syntax
string.resize(position of starting character)

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string str="javatpoint";
cout<<"String is :"<<str<<endl;
str.resize(4);
cout<<"After resizing, string is"<<str<<endl;
cout<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
15. INSERT()

Syntax
string1.insert(position to insert,string2);

PROGRAM

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string str1= "C tutorial";
cout<<"String :" <<str1<<'\n';
cout<<"After insertion"<<endl;
cout<<"String :"<<str1.insert(1,"++");
cout<<endl;
system ("pause");
return 0;
}