ISSN : 2456-1762

Student Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Issue No. 1, Vol. 1, 2022

LASER BASED COMMUNICATION

HARI PRAKASH. R1, ROHAN.S2, SANTHOSH.R3, SHARAN.R4
Second year Instrumentation and Control engineering, Saranathan college of Engineering,
Panjappur, Trichy, Tamil Nadu

Abstract: Keywords:
Wireless Communication System,
This work presents a point-to-point Laser Communication, Audio Amplifier,
transmission of voice signal wirelessly Transmitter, Receiver and Working
through the atmosphere with a LASER
diode or infra-red device. Optical 1. INTRODUCTION
communication is gaining popularity
because of its high bandwidth, low loss A Laser communications system is
power, high security, low cost, and most a wireless network through the atmosphere
importantly no electromagnetic which carries the information in the light
interferences. Laser communication is domain rather than the electrical domain in
one of the key areas in Wireless RF communication. Laser communications
Communications. They are inexpensive, systems can be implemented in point-to-
small, low power, and do not require any point communication easily because of
radio interference studies. The carrier their low cost, small hardware, low power,
used for the transmission signal is and absence of electromagnetic
typically generated by a laser diode. Two interference. For two-way communication
parallel beams are needed, one for two parallel beams are required, one for
transmission and one for the reception. transmission and another one for the
Wi-Fi is the wireless technology used to reception of a signal. The input which is in
connect computers, tablets, smartphones, the form of voice is initially amplified with
and other devices to the internet. Wi-Fi is a pre-amplifier circuit before further
the radio signal sent from a wireless router amplified by the second stage amplifier
to a nearby device, which translates the which provides the overall gain of the
signal into data you can see and use. transmitter. The signal is then fed to a Laser
LiFi is a wireless optical networking diode through a driver circuit. Laser will
technology that uses LEDs for data convert the electrical signal into light signal
transmission. In simpler terms, LiFi is and send the signal into free space.
considered to be a light-based WiFi that
uses light instead of radio waves to
transmit information. Using light to 3. WORKING PRINCIPLE
transmit data allows LiFi to deliver a Laser: The acronym LASER (Light
couple of advantages such as working in amplification by stimulated emission of
areas susceptible to electromagnetic radiation) is a device that emits a beam of
interference like hospitals and aircraft coherent light through an optical
cabins and working across higher amplification process. There are two types
bandwidth while offering higher of emission as spontaneous emission and
transmission speeds. stimulated emission. If the atom is in the
ground state, with energy E1, the photon
may be absorbed so that it is exciting to the
upper energy level E2. Subsequently, de-

Published by Research Cell, Department of EEE, Saranathan College of Engineering 1

 ISSN : 2456-1762
Student Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Issue No. 1, Vol. 1, 2022

excitation will occur randomly producing both the stimulating and stimulated photons
the emission of radiation. This process is have the same energy, same momentum,
spontaneous emission. On the other hand, if and same state of polarization .The input
the atom is already in the excited state, then can be in the form of audio from jack input
the incident photon may stimulate a or voice from the condenser mic at the
downward transition with the emission of transmitter.
radiation. Photons emitted in this process
are coherent with the stimulating photon i.e

Figure 1. Transmitter section of LASER Communication

Figure 2. Receiver section of LASER Communication

LASER COMMUNICATION:

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 ISSN : 2456-1762
Student Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Issue No. 1, Vol. 1, 2022

Figure 3. BLOCK DIAGRAM

The low audio signal is initially Sound or different mode of a signal

amplified with a one-stage transistor pre- is amplified and transmitted through laser.
amplifier circuit before passing through the By giving the output as sound energy to the
second stage amplifier which is built with input of a laser, which can help to carry the
LM 386 providing the overall gain of the signal from one place to another, the signal
transmitter. The amplified signal is then fed travels along with lasers to the receiver
to a Laser diode which converts the end... For example, we can tack a radio
electrical signal into a light signal and station as an example we can transmitter
transmits it into free space. The transmitter itself generates a radio frequency
attains modulation of the Laser signal alternating current, which is applied to the
which acts as a carrier by the modulating antenna to transmitted signal similar to this
signal from condenser mic or audio jack we can transmit the signal with laser
input. because lasers have high frequency and
high speed is 186000 miles (ca. 299,338
3.1 TRANSMITTER: km) per second..

3.2 RECEIVER used to share information in outer space in

In the receiver end, the transmitted minimum delay...even we can use any
laser reaches the LDR (light dependent computer data, ah sharing in same speed
resistor) that can again amplify the signal to using this method.
the audible range in case we are using that
transmitting the audio signal we can receive APPLICATIONS:
audio signals. For example, we can tack a
household radio receiving system as an  In the Laser communications systems,
example Radio wave are received by bandwidth could be distributed in
another antenna attached to a radio receiver. neighbourhoods by putting laser
When radio waves strike the receiving communication systems on top of homes
antenna they push the electrons in the metal and pointing them towards a common
back and forth, creating tiny oscillating transceiver with a fast link to the
currents which are detected by the receiver. Internet.
Here we are using LDR as the antenna to  With the powerful laser, it would even
receive the signal or light from the laser. be possible to communicate using
We are preferring laser for its can travel at satellites to reflect the signals.
high speed and it can travel vacuum so it is

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 ISSN : 2456-1762
Student Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Issue No. 1, Vol. 1, 2022

beams are needed, one for transmission

PHOTOGRAPH: and one for reception.
 Even by a minute fraction of a degree,
the laser will miss by thousands of miles.
Instead of better and faster pictures,
there could be no pictures.

CONCLUSION:
This is new wireless technology to
transmit the data or sound signal from one
section to another section through the laser
beam of the system. This system is safe and
without radiation. So it is no harm to living
beings. The system can likely transmit data
and sound much faster than the other
system (like 1GB/s) because this laser
communication system became a more
popular system than the other system. The
paper firstly analysed the components of
maritime laser communication systems, the
paper made some explanations on the
components and functions of the servo
ADVANTAGES: system.
 It can provide speed more than
1GBps.So it overtakes the LAN or RESULT:
wireless LAN comprehensively. Although we could not pin point the
 Laser communications systems can be exact reason why the reliability of our audio
easily deployed since they are transmission fell drastically at bauds higher
inexpensive, small, low power and do than 27.7 kbps, we do suspect that is has
not require any radio interference something to do with a timing problem
studies. The carrier used for the involving the time required by the ADC to
transmission signal is typically complete a conversion since the biggest
generated by a laser diode. Two parallel difference between the audio code and the
text code is that the audio utilizes the ADC

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 ISSN : 2456-1762
Student Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Issue No. 1, Vol. 1, 2022

and transmits continuously. So ultimately [10] F. J. M. de Pison Ascacibar., J. O.

the baud limitation did not degrade the Mere., M. C. Limas., and F. J. deCos
quality of the transmitted audio. Juez., “fdim: Functions for calculating
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