Motor Development: Motor skills

MING MAPPING
or development refers to the development of a child's bones, muscles and ability to move around and manipulate his/her environment.

LDOMRINS DF MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

2. MOTOR SKILS
1.Cognitive Domain 2. Atfective Domain/Social-Emotional Domain
ww
3. Psychomotor domain 4. Physical domain
Types:
1. Gross motor skills: These are responsible for movement and
include
activities that invoive moving major areas of the body.
3. FACTORS AFFECTINGMOTOR DEVELOPMENT 2. Fine motor skills : These require more
precision and caordination. E.g.
Hand and eye coordination.
3. Open skills
: These skills are performed in a
dynamic & changing environment.
1. Lifestyle of matter 2. Heredity/Genetics 3. Environment
Example: Team-based sports such as Netbal, Football and Hockey where
4. Nutrition 5. Learning Opportunity 6. Postural deformities
the environment is continually changing.
Sensory impairment 8. Personal Factors 9. Physical Activities
10.Immunisation
4.Closed skills These skills take place in a predictable and static
environment. An example would be a gymnast performing a floor routine.
5.Stability skills : These relate to the body's ability to gain or maintain
balance, either when still (static) or moving (dynamic).
6. LocomotorSkills : These require moving from one location to another e.g.
4. EXERCISE GUIDELINES AT DIFFERENT STAGES
crawling walking, running, jumping. skipping etc.
OFGROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 7.Manipulative skills: These are the skills we need for moving balls
and
objects around.
) Exercise Guidelines for Children 0-5 Years (o) Infants (less than 1 year):
Activities could include tummy time, pushing and pulling, and 8. Discrete Skills : Discrete skills are simple, well designed movements such
crawing ball, a shot put, discus javelin
(b) Toddlers (1-2 Years of age) : Light activity such as standing up, moving
as
throwing and kickingg a
somersaut
or throw, or
a
around, rolling and playing, (c) All children aged under five: Climbing frame or
riding a bouts of activity, e-g. running and chasing 9. Serial Skils:Serial skils involve a number of separate discrete skills
bike, more energetic
games, walking/skipping to shops.
O
performed in a specific sequence, which creates one larger activity

(i)Children (Jumping,
and Youthrunning,
5-17 Years Aerobic, basic exercises, FundamentalO 10.Continuous Skills: Continuousskills have no distinct, identifiable bringing
activities throwing, turning twisting etc.) or end. Examples :swimming, joEging, skipping and walking.

F(inAdults 18-64 Years: Physical activities (walking jogging, swimming), occupa-

tional work, household work (car wash, gardening, etc.) Games
etc.
ivjolder Adults 65 Years and Above : Physical activities (walking josging
SWimming etc.), occupational work, household work (car wash, gardening
etc.) Games etc
 5.COMMON POSTURAL DEFURMITIES
Posture: It refers to the position in which a person holds his/her body while
6.OUTLDOK OFSOCIETY
standing, sitting or lying. O Outlook of Indian society towards the participation of wamen in sport
Deformlty is the malformation of any component or body part or joint of 1. Sports is a male dominant field.
theRound (a) Kyphosis(b) Lordosis(c) Scoliosis (d) Knock Knees (e)Flat Foot
body.Shoulders 2. Women are expected to stay indoor since society stil looks down on women
() (g)Bow Legs for participation in sports.
1. SPINAL CURVATURE : There are three types of spinal deformities:
(a) kyphosis : Rounding of upper back 3. Personal safety on road, public transport and sports venues are persistent
problems for women.
(b) Lordosis: Abnormal curvature of spine at front
(c) Scollosis: Sideways curve in spine
4. The physical stature offemale is affected by sports and it is considered that
involving in vigorous physical activity can adversely affect her health.
2. KNOCK KNEES: Legs are bent inward and knees strike each other while
waliking or running 8.WAYS TO INCRERSE/ENCOURAGE WOMEN
3. FLAT FOOT: Arch of the foot is lower than normal.
PARTICIPATION IN SPORTS
4. ROUNDtheSHOULDERS: Resting shoulder position that has moved forward
body's ideal alignment. In this, the shoulders become round
from
and sometimes they seem to be bent forward.
Making sports compulsory
2. Providing access
5. BOW LEGS: Legs curve out like a
between knees.
bow and there remains a wide gap
3. Reducing barriers associated with girs being involved in competitive sport
Having more female administrators

5. Having morefemale coaches

6. Conducting Talent search for women players

7 RERSONS FOR LESS PARTICIPATION OF WOHEN IN SPORTS 7. Starting special schemes

Bringing elite women athletes in limelight
9. Encouraging giris to get involved in sports
1. The male-dominated culture of sport 2. Attitudes and prejudices 10. Providing safe places and traveling facilities for girls
about sexuality
3. Body image 4. Lack of self confidence
5. Parental and adult influence
9 MENARCHE
6. Female invisibility- media representations 7. Persanal safety
and lack of role models in sport
. Funding 9. Access to facilities
First menstruation and
female.
the commencement of cyelic menstrual function in

10. Clothing and equipment 11. Lack of education Causesof early menarche
12. Less number of female coaches 1 Increased incidence of childhood obesity 2. Low birth weight
3. 4. Children were not breast feed
EXposure to smoking
5. Higher conflicts in family relatives /stress 6. Lack of exercises
O7. Inadequate diet
 18. MENSTRURL CYCLE
Normal menstrual cycle is 28 days
although normal oycles may vary IL MENSTRUAL OYSFUNCTION
between 22 and 36 days.
************ Disruptions of normal menstrual cycle.

12. FEMALE ATHLETES TRIAD

13 TRIAD FACTORS
Healthconcern for women and girls in sports which involves three distinct
and interrelated conditions: Osteoporosis, Amenorhea, Eating Disorder
Signs and Symptoms of Female Athlete Triad:
TRIAD FACTOR # 1: LOW ENERGY AVAILABILITY WITH OR
WITHOUT
DISORDERED EATING: Disordered eating
1 weakness, fatigue and disordered eating that accompanies female
General
2. Cold intolerance,
athlete triad can range from not eating enough calories to keep up with
dry skin,dehydration energy demands to avoiding certain types of food.
3. Noticeable weight loss, cessation of menstrual cycle (a) Anorexia Nervosa: Eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and
4. Increased incidence of stress fractures and extended healing time from
excessive weight loss. Types of Anorexia Nervosa:
injuries 1. Restricting type
5. Affected females may also struggle with low self-esteem, withdrawal and 2. Binge-eating or purging type
possibly depression. (b) Bulimia Nervosa: Person binges and purges. Types of Bulimia
Purging
2. Non-purging
TRIAD FACTOR # 2:
MENSTRUAL DYSFUNCTION: One of the components
Athlete Triad and it is a marker of
of Female
athletes.
quality health in female

TRIAD FACTOR # 3: LOW BONE MINERAL DENSITY: Weakening of the

bones due to decrease in bone density and improper bone formation.
 Important Ouestions
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. An activity that is not an example of gross motor skills is
(C.B.SE)
(a) drawing (b) standing
(c) throwing a ball (d) jumping
An activity that is not an example of fine motor skills is
(a) using cutlery (b) riding a bike
(c) building a toy tower (d) cutting shapes using scissors
3. In this stage, motor control of the head comes before control
of the legs
(a) Early childhood (b) Middle childhood
(c) Infancy (d) Late childhood
What is the major cause of poor posture in infants and children?
(a) Malnutrition (b) Assisted movements
(c) Lack of adequate play activity (d) Too tight clothing
Which of the following should not be a part of a child's daily activity ?
(a) Running in the parks (b) Walking to a friend's home
(c) Climbing on a frame (d) Watching TV for long hours
Which of the following is not a rule of correct posture ?
(a) Stand tall
(b) Chin should be up and the head centered over the shoulders
body weight should be evenly balanced over both legs and feet
(d) Back should be bent while standing or sitting8
7. Much of the motor-skills learning takes place during
(a) puberty (b) adulthood
(c) childhood (d) adolescence
Minimum duration of activity should be per week at vigorous intensity in adults above
65 years of age.
(a) 75 minutes
(C.B.S.E.)
(b) 150 minutes
(c) 300 minutes (d) 450 minutes
Rate at which the activity is being performed is known as
(a) Volume
(C.B.S.E.)
(b) Intensity
() Type of Activity (d) Frequency
10. Posture is the index of your
(a) mind (b) personality
(c)character (d) intellect

Physical Education-Xl 187

 11. The persistent poor posture in any activity or situation may cause
(a) undue fatigue in walking (b) postural deformity
(c) distortion in limb alignment (d) inferiority complex
12. Deformity of the legs is known as (C.B.5.E)
(a) Scoliosis (b) Lordosis
(c) Knock knees (d) Kyphosis
13. Lordosis is a problem of the (C.B.S.E)
(a) Lower Back (b) Middle Back
(c) Upper Back (d) Shoulders
14. Scoliosis is a postural deformity related to (C.B.S.E.)
(a) Muscles (b) Shoulders
(c) Legs (d) Spine
15. Kyphosis is a deformity found in (C.B.5.E.)
(a) Shoulders (b) Lumbar region
(c) Hips (d) Thoracic region
16. If the spine has a sideways curve, it is called
(a) Flat back (b) Lordosis
(c) Kyphosis (d) Scoliosis
17. An abnormal curvature of spine at front is also called

E
(a) Scoliosis (b) Lordosis
(c) Kyphosis (d) Bow Legs
18. Walking barefoot on sand or rough ground helps to correct
(a) flat feet (b) club feet
(c) curved feet (d) outward pointing feet
19. The condition in which the knees are closer to each other while the feet remain apart when a
person is standing, is known as
(a) Knee concavity (b) Knock-knee
(c) Knee-proximity (d) Knee-clubbing
20. Lordosis can be found in
(a) infants and children (b) adult men and women
(c) old people (d) all age groups
21. This deformity is also called round back or hunch back
(a) Scoliosis (b) Lordosis
(c) Kyphosis (d) Bow Legs

22. In this default of feet person gives complete print of his foot sole over the plane surface:
(a) Scoliosis (b) Lordosis
(c) Kyphosis (d) Flat foot
23. The medical name for this deformity is Genu Valgum:
(a) Scoliosis (b) Lordosis
(c) Knock Knees (d) Bow Legs

188] Physical Education-XIl

24. The medical name
for this deformity is Genu Varum:
(b) Lordosis
(a) Scoliosis
(c) Knock Knees (d) Bow Legs
knock-knees:
25. This postural deformity is opposite to
(a) Flat back (b) Lordosis
(d) Bow legs
(c) Kyphosis
position of the baby's legs in the womb
:
26. It is caused due to the
(b) Scoliosis
(a) Bow Legs
(c) Lordosis (d) Kyphosis
27. Who was the first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal ?
(a) Karnam Malleswari (b) Saina Nehwal
(c) P.T. Usha (d) Sakshi Malik
28. Karnam Malleswari won a bronze medal in Olympic Games at (C.B.S.E)
Rio De Janeiro (b) London
(a)
(d) Athens
(c) Sydney
29. Sakshi Malik won a medal in (C.B.S.E.)
(a) Badminton (b) Weightlifting
(c) Wrestling (d) Boxing
function in female
30. The first menstruation and the commencement of cyclic menstrual
(a) Menorrhagia (b) Menarche
(d) Amenorrhea
(c) Eumenorrhea
31. The normal menstrual cycle is for:
(a) 29 days (b) 30 days
(c) 26 days (d) 28 days
32. A healthy, normal menstrual period is called:
(a) Menorrhagia (b) Menarche

(c) Eumenorrhea (d) Amenorrhea

33. Frequent menstruation is known as (C.B.S.E)
(a) Metrorrhagia (b) Oligomenorrhea
(c) Polymenorrhea (d) Menorrhagia
34. If the menstruation cycle does not begin at puberty, the condition is called: (C.B.S.E.)
(a) Primary amenorrhea (b) Secondary amenorrhea
(c) Oligomenorrhea (d) Dysmenorrhea
35. Which of the following is not a condition of Female Athlete Triad ?
(a) Eating Disorders (b) Amenorrhea
(c) Round shoulders (d) Osteoporosis
36. This condition of Female athlete triad can ruin a female athlete's career because it may lead to
stressfractures and other injuries
(a) Eating Disorders (b) Amenorrhea
(c) Osteoporosis (d) Menstrual Dysfunction

Physical Education-X- [189

 37. In which eating
(a) Anorexia Nervosa
disordera person binges and purges?
(b) Bulimia
(c) Binge Eating disorder (d) All the above
38. People with this disorder may see themselves as overweight, even when they are dangerously
underweight
(a) Anorexia Nervosa (b) Bulimia
(c) Binge Eating disorder (d) All the above
39. Which syndrome occurs before menstruation and causes symptoms such as acne, iritability,
headaches etc. ?
(a) Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (b) Menopause
(c) Post Menstrual Syndrome (d) Anorexia
40. Which of the following is not a component of Female Athlete Triad ?
(a) Osteoporosis (b) Eumenorrhea
(c) Amenorrhea (d) Eating disorder
41. Which of the following is not a spinal curvature deformity? (C.B.S.E. SQP 2020)
(a) Kyphosis (b) Scoliosis
(c) Lordosis (d) Flatfoot
42. Gomukhasana and Padmasana are performed to rectify which postural deformity?
(C.B.5.E. SQP 2020)
(a) Flatfoot (b) Scoliosis
(c) Knock-knees (d) Bow legs
43. Weakening of bones due to loss of bone density and improper bone formation is: (C.B.S.E.)
(a) Amenorrhea (b) Anorexia Nervosa
(c) Osteoporosis (d) Lordosis
44. Female athlete triad is a syndrome characterized by (C.B.S.E.)
(a) Osteoporosis (b) Amenorrhea
(c) Eating disorder (d) All of the above
45. In which type of Anorexia does an individual lose weight by taking laxatives or diuretics?
(C.B.S.E.)
(a) Bulimia Nervosa (b) Purging type
(c) Restricting type (d) Anorexia Nervosa
46. Given below are the two statements labeled Assertion (A) and Reason (R):
A: Female Athlete Triad is a health concern for women and girls.
R: Female Athlete Triad is a medical condition identified by the complex interaction between
energy availability (with or without eating disorders), menstrual function and bone health.
In the context of above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A)is false, but (R) is true.

190 Physical Education-Xil

47. Match List-I with List I and select the correct option using the codes given below:

LISTT-I LIST II
Kyphosis |Inward curve ofthespine
i)Lordosis Sideways curve of the spine
(i) Scoliosis
Rounding ofUpperBack
(iv) Round Shoulders 4. Forward bending and rounding
of shoulders

Codes

(iv)
(a)
(b)

(d)

Ans. 1.(a) drawing, 2. (b) riding a bike, 3. (c) Infancy, 4. (a) Malnutrition, 5. (d) Watching TV for
long hours, 6. (d) Back should be bent while standing or sitting, 7. (c) childhood, 8. (a)75
minutes, 9.(b) Intensity, 10. (b) personality, 11. (b) postural deformity, 12. (c) Knock knees,
13. (a) Lower Back, 14. (d) Spine, 15. (d) Thoracic region, 16. (d) Scoliosis, 17. (b) Lordosis,
18. (a) flat feet, 19. (b) Knock-knee, 20. (d) all age groups, 21. (c) Kyphosis, 22. (d) Flat foot,
23. (c) Knock Knees, 24. (d) Bow Legs, 25. (d) Bow legs, 26. (a) Bow Legs, 27. (a) Karnam
Malleswari, 28. (c) Sydney, 29. (c) Wrestling, 30. (b) Menarche, 31. (d) 28 days, 32. (c)
Eumenorrhea, 33. (c) Polymenorrhea, 34. (c) Primary amenorrhea, 35. (c) Round shoulders,
36. (c) Osteoporosis, 37. (b) Bulimia, 38. (a) Anorexia Nervosa, 39. (a) Pre-Menstrual
Syndrome, 40. (b) Eumenorrhea, 41. (d) Flatfoot, 42. (c) Knock-knees, 43. (c) Osteoporosis,
44. (d) All of the above, 45. (b) Purging type, 46. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
correct explanation of (A), 47. (d) ()-3, (i)-1, (ii)-2,
(iv)4
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What do you mean by motor development? Or (C.B.S.E. Sample Paper 2016)

Define Motor Development. (Delhi, 2017, All India, 2019)
2. Elucidate the meaning of Gross Motor Development
3. Define Fine Motor Development.
4. Differentiate between gross and fine motor skills. (C.B.5.E. Sample Paper, 2019)
5. Name the motor development stages in children? (All India, 2017)
6. How does physical environment affect motor development ?
7. What is deformity ?
8. State the common postural deformities. Or (All India, 2017)
Name any two postural deformities. (2018)

Physical Education-Xi
 9. What do you mean by Spinal Curvature deformities ?
10. What do you mean by knock knee ? (2011)
11. What do you understand by flat foot ?
12. What do you mean by round shoulders?
13. Write down the causes of round shoulders
14. What do you mean by Lordosis ? Or
What is Lordosis ? Explain. (Delhi, 2017)
15. Which type of deformity is "Kyphosis" ? (All India, 2019)
16. What do you mean by bow legs ?
17. What is Scoliosis ? (2011)
18. Explain the causes of Scoliosis. (2012,2018)
19. What is "an abnormal curvature of spine at front" termed as ? (All India, 2015, 2019)
20. Suggest any two free hand exercises for correcting round shoulder (All India, 2016)
21. Suggest two exercises for correcting flat foot. (Delhi, 2016, July 2016)
22. Name the deformity for which horse riding can be used as a corrective measure.
(C.B.S.E. Sample Paper, 2016)
23. When were the first Olympic Games held ?
24. Write name of ay four female Indian athletes.
25. What is Menopause? (Delhi, 2017)
26. Explain the term 'Menarche'. (Delhi, 2016)
27. Write the factors that may affect Menarche.
28. What is the duration of normal menstrual cycle ?
29. What is meant by menstrual dysfunction ? (C.B.S.E. Sample Paper, 2019)
30. By whom female athlete triad was described?
31. Who is at risk of being affected by female athlete triad ?
32. Describe the meaning of "Amenorrhea". Or (July, 2017)
Among females, what type of Menstrual Dysfunction is called Amenorrhea? (All India,2019)
Or
What is 'Amenorrhea' in female athlete triad ? (Delhi, 2018)
33. Write the factors that can lead to osteoporosis? (All India, 2016)
34. What is Osteoporosis?
35. What is Female Athlete Triad ? (July, 2016)
36. What do you mean by Eating Disorders? or
Explain the term "Eating Disorders" in brief. (July, 2017)
37. What is Bulimia ? (All India, 2018, 2019)
38. What do you mean by "Anorexia Nervosa"?
39. Design a free hand four exercises programme for curing Round Shoulders.
(C.B.S.E. Sample Paper, 2021)

Physical Edkcation-XlEB*SoKS
40. Identify the type of deformity and write the names

(a) **********

(b)

(d) ******************************.

(e) *****************************

_Physical Education-Xll [193]

 *****

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Mention the factors affecting motor development.
2. Explain development characteristies during childhood.
3. Explain briefly about the motor development in middle childhood.
(C.B.S.E Sample paper, 2016)
(July, 2016)
4. Name some common postural deformities.
5. What is the difference between kyphosis and lordosis.
6. Explain the physical activities that can be undertaken to correct flatfoot deformity.(sQP 2020)
What do you mean by round shoulders ? Suggest any four physical activities for correcting
round shoulders. (All India, 2015)
Write about the deformities of spinal curvature. (All India, 2016)
9. Enlist the spinal postural deformities ? Explain the cause of Kyphosis and precautions to
avoid it. (C.B.S.E. Sample Paper, 2016)
10. Participation in physical activities can be utilised as corrective measures for correcting postural
deformities among children. Justify. (C.B.5.E. Sample Paper, 2016)
11. What is puberty ?
12. Write a note on Menstrual Cycle.
13. What do you understand by female athlete triad? Give suggestions to prevent osteoporosis.
14. Write in brief about osteoporosis. What are the causes of osteoporosis in women ?
Or (All India, 2017, 2019)
What is Osteoporosis ? Explain factors, those lead to Osteoporosis in women. (Delhi, 2017)
15. What are the symptoms of female athlete triad?
16. How can female athlete triad be prevented?
17. What are the constraints of women participation in sports?
18. Suggest any four ways through which women participation in sport across age group can be
enhanced. Or (Delhi, 2015)
How can women's participation in sports and games be encouraged in India ? Explain.
(All india, 2017)
19. Write briefly about the prevention and management of'Anorexia (All India, 2019)
20. Comment on the outlook of Indian society towards the participation of women in sports
(Delhi, 2019)
21. Explain briefly about eating disorder "BULIMIA". (Delhi, 2019)

194 Physical Education-XI

22. "Women face certain hindrance in sports due to their biological cycle'. Explain these issues in
brief. (sQP 2020)
Women and girls participating in activities which emphasize leanness are at especially high
risk of developing Female Athlete Triad which involves three distinct and interrelated
conditions.
Based this case,
on
answer the following questions:
1. Which of the following is not a condition of Female Athlete Triad ?
(a) Eating Disorders (b) Amenorrhea
(c) Round shoulders (d) Osteoporosis
2. People with this disorder may see themselves as overweight, even when they are

dangerously underweight:
(a) Anorexia Nervosa (b) Bulimia
(c) Binge Eating disorder (d) All the above
3. In which eating disorder a person binges and purges?
(a) Anorexia Nervosa (b) Bulimia
(c) Binge Eating disorder (d) All the above
24. No matter what activity you do, wearing the right pair of shoes is a must. From cross-trainers,
tennis shoes to running shoes and aerobic footwear, there are different kinds of shoes for
various physical activities like running on a treadmill, doing weight training, jogging and
walking. When you are running on a treadmill or doing aerobics, one needs the right kindof
shoes to have a proper grip. Jogging shoes are different from running shoes. One should also
know whether you are flat-footed, or high-arched and whether your feet are neutral arched.
The shoes should absorb the shocks. The shoes arc should be proper and running shoes
should be chosen according to the type of feet you have.
(A) Which of the following is advised for flat foot ?
(o) Walk on inner edge of foot (b) Walk on outer edge of foot
(c)Walk on heels (d) Walk on toes
(B) Which of the following is a cause of foot injury ?
(o) Improper footwear (b) Improper Walking movement
(c) Improper Surface (d) All the above
(C) Which of the following is not a soft tissue injury ?
(o) Contusion (b) Laceration
(c) Sprain (d) Hip dislocation
25. Anita was facing the problem of Kyphosis. Due to this, she was under stress and tension. One
day, her Physical Education teacher came to know about the problem. She als0 advised Anita

P c a lEducation-Xi- 195
 some corrective exercises to minimize the deformity of kyphosis. After few months of reguar
exercise, she was confident enough to get rid of Kyphosis.
(A) Kyphosis is a problem related to
(a) heart (b) spine
(c) brain (d) legs
(B) Kyphosis is
.
(a) abnormal curvature of spine at front (b) sideways curve in the spine
(c) rounding of upper back (d) rounding of lower back

(C) Which of the following is a corrective measure for kyphosis ?

(a) Horse riding (b) Walking on toes
(c) Tadasana (Mountain pose) (d) Sukhasana

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Elucidate the meaning of motor development in childhood. Discuss in detail about various
factors affecting motor development. (Delhi, 2016, C.B.S.E. Sample Paper, 2019)
Or
What are the types of motor development? Describe any six factors affecting motor
development in children. (Delhi, 2018)
2. Explain any five postural deformities. (2012)
3. Describe exercise guidelines at different stages of growth in children. Give suitable examples
for every stage. (All India, 2018)
4. Suggest five exercises as corrective measures for Round shoulders and Kyphosis. (2018)
5. What are the causes of 'Flat-Foot' and 'Knock-Knees ? Suggest physical Activities as corrective
measures for these deformities. (Delhi, 2017, 2019)
6. Suggest any five physical exercises as corrective measures for kyphosis and lordosis. (2012)
7. Write a detailed note on sports participation of women in India.
8. Define Female Athlete Triad. Write its causes. Explain its factors and symptoms in detail.
or

Discuss in detail about Female athlete triad. (Delhi, 2016, C.B.S.E. Sample Paper, 2019)
9. Explain the causes and corrective measures for knock-knee and scoliosis. (Delhi, 2019)
10. Case Study (C.B.S.E.)
In 2000Sydney Games, weightlifter Karnam Malleswari won the bronze medal and createda
historic moment for India, becoming the first Indian woman to win a medal at the Olympics.
She was followed by Saina Nehwal and Mary Kom in the London Olympics 2012 years, The
last eight years have seen a slow, but steady rise for Indian women athletes at world events.
Study the charts given below and answer the following questions?

196 Physical Education-XIl

Break-up of medals for Indian women Break-up of medals by sport
Mrdu taily ar tntian wonen athietes ance Ls9% ay tourramemt
vdial taiy for mdian women
aild Chompinasóns, pthietesandsinee
Ain iomes 1999for CommonvenitrGts
Ovnois

Athle
Shoos/
36 medals ng
O 2010 Weightlifting
Commonwealth
wrer
admintopn
Tenns
OcY
abaddi
Chess
Five medaals Judo
2017 Table Tennis
Gymnastics
ROWinE
Sailing
wiimin
Tear -
2008 2017
Medals-
10 30 40s
Olympics World Championships
Asian Games Commonwealth Games
GoldSilver Bronze

(a) Which year marks a turning point in women's winning medals at International Sports
Competitions?
(b) Which are the fields that they have excelled in ?
(c) In which International competition have they won the greatest number of medals?
(d) What are the reasons for the consistently good performance of Indian women in
International sports?
11. Define spinal curvature deformities and list their causes and precautions.
(C.B.S.E. Sample Paper, 2021)
12. Create a table and explain: Different Stages of Growth and Development; Characteristics
of Development and Exercise Guidelines.
(C.B.S.E. Sample Paper, 2021)

Physical Education-X- 197