0 d TE] ovscuss path civcurt, gnaueed! Sub graph. and planay graph with e&ies- Ans: [pes] Peah circuit AR pean cirow'e 1S a pecth thet S4art3, ind! £ vepect ends at Scime vertex, ancl ft cloes no MY Other vertices excepk the Stang ancl a * . t . and ng one ; B----B---3 Pern; .B,c (Sq path as rt Connect Ss. vertices « AB and c “consectulivery . ewok 5 ABcA (5 qctcuit beause I Sions and ends cur Same Vertex A cand cloesn’t ‘Yepecet w other v enrces- i) Anducecl 'Sbg raph ; : Of 4 Graph Is The — Inelucedl —Surbgya phSiamese hee IPAS "8 formed from a Subset of Vertrees of eH Maph qnd cul the edges (thet from the oe aD 7 ;

ins) - xe | 2) Explarn complement letthce cind isdn’ busive a a a ee lotrces- Corn Plament leek "ce. ' s A lative (3 Set £O be Compemendee/ ° lk ContunS — atStince element Oane | Buch ther of4e4) for au x and eachr' ye haS a complement 2? with | Property oe ; € A Ladice LvS Suiu to be drsin bute {G for amy abceLu anel cListrr butry tabu \ hoas pe H (aA CbVQ = larb )y Canc) , W)ave bac) = (avb) A Lavc) tm Conde) VCeay ) = (VO, aq ) y ? = Us) THIS task park Shows , thet Cay, oF Lande) Un Yyxly f Give an example of Portauy ordered Set which (5 Nok a lathe and an &amme ofg SNe ene unre luxe which "8 not Compiere, (prs) xampie of pariicuuy ordered set ivhych 19 4 Not fecete Carne le xs [143,44 cy) "S ComplementFor m.neéx , Lee MEN mains thet © ™ diweeS n, Then G>mMim * mM atvides m hors mn ex < 15 Yeltexive. Gy men and ngm > m adtvides n and n cl ticles m Dmen hoes for mney £18 anit Sy rmetwe . Gir) mn p ex, men and Nop dD mw chivicleS n ancl n dtvielesp > divides p hads £5 dvansinive. Thus, {<7 15 q porirat order veetror ON. Therefore. (K<) 18 q partatty ordered! Set. ButlO%.4) 15 nok q Lattice Foy DV4h =lubh 3,44 =LOM 9. and 4+ TIL eX : | Hence C&, 2) TS Paritats ordered Set but NOt Leett ce - ‘ t(Exarpie of lettre thet (3 rot Compiere Let L be the Set of aut Integer ana <ey ecl- en (ue dakea a SE cS LSicel OYdeveed- Th ¥ Parteulry ovciered set - WS aaga all, | yeflewve W)agb and bLq da-h 1 OM Sum mey @) Ab and bec D4<¢ 1 A*ONSHrve, Thus (a4) '9 Particury OvclPreed soy . MS ty (™Y oxleved pair Subset Lo, byez AV b= lub of Leu b4 > man dab] AAb= Ob of fa by - min La 5} Then, Clearty IVb ane 4Ab €2, Mente 292) 05 tad Hoi Wever, Indinige ge L hes no max oy vin Llement- 36 lla) 5 Pot CoMPIetE Leeetite | ° Ww] Saale and Prove Stones Ye Pree ntetvoyy , ‘here ef Gooleim Wigehva ang TG. . tvery fine Boolean AlgebFa or Tenge ito . {Somorphre 46 cn cityebya of Sig. oF* 116500 - : Lee B be a finite Boolean cgebra and Wek 3 be the Set of aut eilemenis of B. ¢ Then wwe have 10 prove thet B'S tSomorphig 40 9 (3), Where pcg) clenote the cugebra of Sed: lek f: BPI) - Um) Poors 1 F002 (Oar BURT eared chin st ay 2% at Ff '3one-one , ob Mow 4 show th CONSIAPING, ye Bg rb Gor 2 FY) a> (ayair: - = bOm) 2 Cb, by _tbn Jar sx b3sy- » men and aj zby ao a KEG ad + bm = byt by ~ ++ Fbn ey an 102) 1 {51g orecone] we Shot Shorr thet ¢ VS onao- How, Leb, S12 (GyGr-- - + an) be any civb ity — of P(S)- then and 2 > Chats + - + Com. $end 2 Caran. oe Sha. Show thet) Finatty toe Sheu ; Sir s frm udey j $i > $00 adstyy Lek Flys (dada --- dy) Sine ki & wey then Mv vats oy \ And Kye My te - - = oy mf Fn diy) = fenvay- Then, cd x cm) A Cb), b,-~ br} bis y EMI Chto... “Am 4-42 bab -. by Lee Cayce. - am) Cb, b, ~~. bn Z (8,8, nag By Since, Cd 96 bbsS4 then By 4 amy THIS Shows thet each B; further Since, Some bs ' SW, this c; ts equat to Some a,- Hence, 13 €guee +6 Some V2 and Cree for Some. AP aM CL, 4 dor wey) 2 fry a fy), Strnvlarty | rk Can be Shown thos, » Foci yrs ber vfiy, Thos [Fi eo tempts] Hence proved the 4 here, j Explain Boolean Aigebyaas a Compiema(G) CUPSAytb WAIN & Loucti'ce ie PRI] Lee G bea Boolam Zebra with Booey Operetion Vi A lve Sheut jst Show that G panreet order reidton eLr can be cefmed iN B se. (8) becomes Leuctirce « find, xAYs. end XVY DY are equuveuent - Fort % AY 2% Amen xy > (ZA) Vy a Emu ya Guts zy ( bey absorption Lato? ind lohose Lero ind untty ave o1, and vhxovy = o Yay then xrrys xp (xvy 7 x 5 Therefore Siat+ment LAY =e Qna Wyzy are Ctuivavend Sd Nour we define 627 Jo be etthey tAyzx oy avy sy Then. (84) Vs Patras orcleral go4. ast MW Yrnxzrc by fg IXLe } Yet lexrve, at drsy camel Yon BD XAYmx cnet vaxsy ee % ANA Su mmetae, div y L4H 4967 DTAY=r ana VALS “IAL = UYAYD AD = XALYAT) = TAYOY KAYS y axes, ad THUS, x49, yg7 DvLLL +) dransiyve, Henees Bg) 05 porte 1 Bs) 'S pai ULY orclered Seb. Nowy , foray) vx= XV (TAY) = de KAY) vy FOVIG vy) = y : THUS, KAN Sac and TAY 6H Wes G9 © 1s aah Now, tt 222 ana LEYD azAxK=2! ZAy-74 “TD AlEVYy)= CLAMAY: LAY =z We Litany. Thus ee or XAY I'S Oph oF fry Simrasiy : ‘Jk Corn be Shoton they, . Now “A Leukitce, VS Seeret do be aiSt'b ute yf has fortotoiney Properties» "(B29 as re ts Boolean Argeb (84) ts CISA butwe Leet ree]. Wen So; we prowAG) Find the vecurvence. velation sesrs trea bl) Ya2 nay 6B" eo Ee Jo find the yecurvence YeletVon SubiStred by Yn 2 A-3°4+ bn, we Need +0 express Jy In Aerms of previous Jerms In Seguience» Leis Start by expressing Snes 4 You = Ae Sees p-(n-1) ow, N Less ex press, Yret's 9°74 o- (9-27_ Wow, we can express, yeturvence Yelawmn ag So} lows } fn P34 Bs % (A-39" "4 Btn4) Jur [g. a0? 4 Bn -)) Jhar gives on Sowing 5 THIS 1S Ahe clesivec! Tecurrence veiceroy‘aplS Prove thar kerne) tof every Boolean homornophism 15 propey Boolean taeas, Let J:AVB be G Booeqn horno moyp hrsin f Cu Boolean Miyrbya A +6 Ct Booleqn Digebra B. Leb mie kevfo dx ep: Sime} Since, CER and $wy29 80, 0 GM Th XY EM thens \ frer29 cot filed But Since, TY EM DRYER and AIS Bostal A e So » YEA . Then xXvy en ancl Siew 5 $iar as § \S ho momorphr Sy, CL §tmyyy a Thus, % yen on TV by 2D revy &M, ASO TE xem and ven then, Frer26 ME EAYED ema FOA8)= kearasiy) $ rs Home morphism) ~ , TOA SLY So, ray em 2[So aw = oO] Thus YEA cima YEA Dray em. Thevelow au ConclHien Of @ Bootean vetat ye FANS reol. Hence, 14 YS Boolean veteces,y > f\S0, Sinre LEA Bur Fonz oO (9 HH fonows the, er Thus \ €A Bek] gM AMCA. Thus, | bt (5 proper teleat - ® Explain InciuSron- Exclusion prince pre, ——.. ——>—— 18 and B «ve fearge SubsetS ofa fine Set U 1 then| (AUB | = IAG IBI \ang) Unt verse. Vohere (Al denotes dhe Cavdinawty of the no- of eiernenis in the Set A - This princi pie can be extended to finite no- OF finite StS, Ar iPr --- > Pn as Sonowsy \ A, - = J? An = i = Av | i 1A; ) 29:05 a r< +E MOPS) 2 CO pag Pe ‘ a-- Ao, (494K vohere, the 13t St im S over eect, ancl Sums for cut peur Of F oma dD wrth <3 )4ed Sum 4 4 Yo cat free 3.6K wrth (O41 5 7+: 30 ON,ThYS — Encwston- exCluSion PYINepIe 1'S g Powerfiee too) tn Counting enc Soiving Various cCombinedon'us prob jem, Such ag Perm cuediion, — com bineetron cimel Probs brig Concutertiion « ' 2 ! wher 1S Solvab firey oF Boolean eq toutiny) anc logvcat puzries conadey Ine Sojnmon of g 3ySiem of m PLMCIVCD 1 naepenclent Varia bie Kuti = =- ap IN a Boolean tLyebva g. Let $i Oi ~ xy) amet ts Hines an) faye) be 1 forrment Boo | eqn €x PYESSI'0n formed vom Ae Vanab1e8 xX).%,--. Xn md Booleyn Opertction, N/A ang). Consider {ney ™ equeetven, Si Oss am) 2g; Ore. én) | (felt. my 7 > (1) of this set of Cqtetrons vg gy, Mhupie CO. - A Solutron - On) of the elements o¢ B.Such dheet, © foy each 1 C14 re m), the Hye ex prestiey| $r (D0, -.. Dn) cmd Jy (D0 D-=- In) YEPTBEM | the Same ciement of B- N Ol, Vetrus conSreey the S'ngie eguccvons fom oo kn 29 (Ltr -- ty), This eq. 1S equvlent 46 dw wo inquarttres ; Px Xn) < J Cx x, - ~~») ONG YUXr- -- Xm)< Ff tmitn--~ ay The above Ho inegualtifeS — Cre eguivectent +0 Sox tre tnd A [8 (4 70-~ An)V= 0 and 9(%% -- xn) ALP 4 xr #0 37 FO Fineutey the fluo eguueton ave ¢guevedent ® the Single equettton \ [f Crt -- xn) AQ Chon-- %y §"] Nv [Sonn an) AY (%%1-- em) T=ZO Thus, each of dhe equation in the Sysiem C1) can be written toh the least element o of B as ‘ght fend meyn bey of the eg ucetran | Bre shen, the enive 3y Stem of etecon g -to the Stagie eguiertong ’ | [hb Xine--- amd AB (xyX2-~ %n)" J Vv (C4) (tity. N 8) Ghrry- > Xm V- - 3m Curr ---y}so Now, oN. [Fm (4 r--- ay A >in) ) TE we wwe the eXpresSion wn the left hem membey of this equation ag the CnIJuncH ofa StS of elementary cl'sdimCtron basen 5 Mir - ty then the equation (2) has i) Souction ft S4p . and when thrs conde 'S Seuwsfued jamy n-dupie of ellementg oF BL whrch mares one of the elementary ANS D uncavong In S$ Jake on Fhe verwe oO Sg Sontion oF the Cguceion 7 End cee Assignment.