Scotch College

SPECIALIST MATHEMATICS
Unit 3-SAC 1b – Application Task: Test
Tuesday 11th May 2021
Reading Time none
Writing Time 45 minutes

Task Sections Marks Your Marks

Extended Response Questions 30
Total Marks 30

Declaration
I declare that any work I have submitted for this VCE assessment is wholly my own, unless properly
referenced or authorised for use by my teacher. I have had no assistance from any person in my home
nor have I been assisted by, or given assistance to, a boy in my class or cohort unless specifically
permitted to do so by my teacher. I have not used the internet or other sources to assist me in my
responses unless specifically permitted by my teacher. I acknowledge my work may be reproduced,
communicated, compared and archived for the purposes of detecting plagiarism and collusion.

Signature: ____________________________________

General Instructions
• Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
• In all questions where a numerical answer is required, an exact value must be given unless
otherwise specified.
• In questions where more than one mark is available, appropriate working must be shown.
• Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this task are not drawn to scale.
Allowed Materials
• Calculators are not allowed
• Notes and/or references are not allowed.
• You may refer to your answers to the project, Unit 3 SAC 1a, 2021.
At the end of the task
• Ensure you cease writing upon request.
Electronic Devices
Students are not allowed to have a mobile phone, smart watch and/or any other unauthorised electronic
device in the SAC, unless it is TURNED OFF and is placed on the front teacher desk.
Question 1 (2 marks)
Simplify tan ( arctan ( 3) − arctan ( 2 ) ) , giving your answer as a fraction.

Question 2 (2 marks)
Consider the vectors a = 2 i − j + 6k and b =i + 2 j − k in Cartesian space.
       
a. Find a unit vector in the direction of b. 1 mark


b. Hence, or otherwise, find the scalar resolute of a in the direction of b. 1 mark

 
Question 3 (6 marks)
1 π 
Consider the complex numbers z1 =−1 + i and z2 = cis   .
2 3
a. Write z1 in the form r cis (θ ) . 1 mark

b. Calculate z1 z2 and write it in the form a + bi where a, b ∈ . 2 marks

π 
c. Hence find the value of tan   in the form c + d 3, where c and d are integers. 3 marks
 12 
Question 4 (5 marks)
A movie screen at an outdoor cinema has height 16 metres and is positioned 9 metres above eye
level, as show in the diagram. A patron is interested in working out how far back to sit in order
to have the “best view”. Let this distance be x metres, as shown.

16 metres

θ 9 metres

x metres

a. If θ is the angle shown in the diagram, find an expression for θ in terms of x, in the form
a b
=θ tan −1   − tan −1   ,
x x
giving the values of a and b. 1 mark

b. Hence, find the value of x which gives the maximum value of θ . 4 marks
Question 5 (7 marks)
x2
f ( x)
Consider the function= , x ∈  \ {4} .
x−4
c
a. Express f ( x ) in the form f ( x ) = ax + b + , where a, b and c are integers. 1 mark
x−4

b. Find f ′ ( x ) and hence find the coordinates of the stationary points on the graph of f. 2 marks
c. Find f ′′ ( x ) and hence explain why the graph of y = f ( x ) has no point of inflection. 2 marks

d. Sketch the graph of f, showing intercept(s), turning point(s) and asymptote(s). 2 marks
y

x
Question 6 (8 marks)
Consider the relation with equation x3 + 3 xy 2 =
64.
dy
a. Find . 2 marks
dx

b. Explain why the graph of the relation is symmetrical about the x-axis. 1 mark

c. Explain why there are no points on the curve where x ≤ 0. 1 mark

d. Find the coordinates of the point at which the tangent to the graph is vertical. 2 marks
e. Draw the graph of the relation on the axes below. 2 marks
y

x
O

END OF SAC 1b
 Specialist Mathematics formulas

Mensuration

1 a+b h
area of a trapezium
2
( )

curved surface area of a cylinder 2π rh

volume of a cylinder π r2h

1 2
volume of a cone π r h
3

volume of a pyramid 1 Ah
3

4 π r3
volume of a sphere
3

1 bc sin (A )
area of a triangle
2

a b c
sine rule = =
sin ( A) sin ( B) sin (C )

cosine rule c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cos (C )

Circular (trigonometric) functions

cos2 (x) + sin2 (x) = 1

1 + tan2 (x) = sec2 (x) cot2 (x) + 1 = cosec2 (x)

sin (x + y) = sin (x) cos (y) + cos (x) sin (y) sin (x – y) = sin (x) cos (y) – cos (x) sin (y)

cos (x + y) = cos (x) cos (y) – sin (x) sin (y) cos (x – y) = cos (x) cos (y) + sin (x) sin (y)

tan ( x) + tan ( y ) tan ( x) − tan ( y )

tan ( x + y ) = tan ( x − y ) =
1 − tan ( x) tan ( y ) 1 + tan ( x) tan ( y )

cos (2x) = cos2 (x) – sin2 (x) = 2 cos2 (x) – 1 = 1 – 2 sin2 (x)

2 tan ( x)
sin (2x) = 2 sin (x) cos (x) tan (2 x) =
1 − tan 2 ( x)
Circular (trigonometric) functions – continued

Function sin–1(arcsin) cos–1(arccos) tan–1(arctan)

Domain [–1, 1] [–1, 1] R

 π π  π π
Range − 2 , 2  [0, �] − , 
   2 2

Algebra (complex numbers)

z = x + iy = r ( cos (θ ) + i sin (θ ) ) = r cis (θ )

z = x2 + y 2 = r –π < Arg(z) ≤ π

z1 r1
z2 r2 ( 1 2 )
z1z2 = r1r2 cis (θ1 + θ2) = cis θ − θ

zn = rn cis (nθ)  (de Moivre’s theorem)

Probability and statistics

E(aX + b) = aE(X) + b
for random variables X and Y E(aX + bY ) = aE(X ) + bE(Y )
var(aX + b) = a2var(X )

for independent random variables X and Y var(aX + bY ) = a2var(X ) + b2var(Y )

 s s 
approximate confidence interval for μ x −z , x+z 
 n n

mean ( )
E X =µ
distribution of sample mean X σ2
variance var ( X ) =
n

TURN OVER
Calculus
d n
dx
( )
x = nx n − 1
∫ x dx = n + 1 x
n 1 n +1
+ c, n ≠ −1

d ax
dx
( )
e = ae ax
∫e
ax
dx =
1 ax
a
e +c

d 1 1
dx
( log e ( x) ) =
x ∫ x dx = log e x +c

d 1
dx
( sin (ax) ) = a cos (ax) ∫ sin (ax) dx = − a cos (ax) + c
d 1
dx
( cos (ax) ) = −a sin (ax) ∫ cos (ax) dx = a sin (ax) + c
d 1
( tan (ax) ) = a sec2 (ax) ∫ sec (ax) dx = a tan (ax) + c
2
dx
d
dx
( )
sin −1 ( x) =
1
1 − x2
1
2
x
∫ a − x dx = sin  a  + c, a > 0
2
−1

d
dx
(
cos −1 ( x) =) −1
1 − x2 ∫
−1 x
dx = cos −1   + c, a > 0
2 a
2
a −x
d a x
dx
(
tan −1 ( x) =) 1
1 + x2 ∫a +x2
dx = tan −1   + c
2
a
1
∫ (ax + b) n dx =
a (n + 1)
(ax + b) n + 1 + c, n ≠ −1

1
∫ (ax + b) −1 dx =
a
log e ax + b + c

d dv du
product rule ( uv ) = u + v
dx dx dx
du dv
v −u
quotient rule d u dx dx
 = 2
dx  v  v
dy dy du
chain rule =
dx du dx
dy
Euler’s method If = f ( x), x0 = a and y0 = b, then xn + 1 = xn + h and yn + 1 = yn + h f (xn)
dx
d 2x dv dv d  1 
acceleration a= 2
= = v =  v2 
dt dt dx dx  2 
x2 t2

∫ ∫
2
arc length 1 + ( f ′( x) ) dx or ( x′(t ) )2 + ( y′(t ) )2 dt
x1 t1

Vectors in two and three dimensions Mechanics

r = x i + yj + zk momentum p = mv
     
r = x2 + y 2 + z 2 = r equation of motion R = ma
  
i d r dx dy dz
r =  = i+ j+ k
 dt dt  dt  dt 
r 1 . r 2 = r1r2 cos (θ ) = x1 x2 + y1 y2 + z1 z2
 
END OF FORMULA SHEET