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Activity No. 5.1 Mutations

1. The document discusses different types of mutations: insertion, inversion, substitution, and silent mutation. It provides examples of each using original and mutant DNA strands and explains how each mutation changes the sequence. 2. The questions section asks about how mutations occur and influence species, defines point mutations that can code for different dipeptides, and differentiates point mutations from frameshift mutations. 3. Point mutations change single nucleotide bases while frameshift mutations cause the reading frame of the DNA strand to shift, altering the entire sequence and resulting protein.

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171 views2 pages

Activity No. 5.1 Mutations

1. The document discusses different types of mutations: insertion, inversion, substitution, and silent mutation. It provides examples of each using original and mutant DNA strands and explains how each mutation changes the sequence. 2. The questions section asks about how mutations occur and influence species, defines point mutations that can code for different dipeptides, and differentiates point mutations from frameshift mutations. 3. Point mutations change single nucleotide bases while frameshift mutations cause the reading frame of the DNA strand to shift, altering the entire sequence and resulting protein.

Uploaded by

Via Lozaga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Activity No. 5.

1 MUTATIONS

Name: Ignacio, Nikka Ella B. Section: BSMT 2 E


Directions:

Identify the Mutations


1. Original Strand GGGCTAGGGCCAA
Mutant Strand GGGGCTAGGGCCAA
Types of mutation: Insertion
Explain/Why The addition in the base of the sequence is called
insertion in this case nucleotide Guanine is added to the mutant strand.

2. Original Strand TACGTATG AAGC


Mutant Strand TAGCTATGAAGC
Types of Mutation: Inversion
Explain/Why when the segment of a sequence is reversed end
to end. In this case the nucleotide guanine and cytosine is reversed or
inverted.

3. Original Strand ATCGTCAAGGCCTA


Mutant Strand ATCTCAAAGGCCTA
Types of Mutation Substitution
Explain/Why The original strand’s GTC was replaced with TCA
in the mutant strand. Therefore, the resultant protein substitutes a different
amino acid.

4. Original Strand TTCCGTATCGGATC


Mutand Strand TTCCGAATCGGATC
Types of Mutation Silent mutation
Explain/Why The strand corresponds to the initial switch from
GTC to TCA in the sequence of nucleotide bases. Proteins and amino acids
are not damaged during this procedure. There wouldn’t be much of a
difference between it and the amino acid it substitutes because it shares
the same qualities.

Questions:
1. A single base change can create devastating genetic disorder or a beneficial
adaption, or it might have no effect. How do mutations happen, and how do they
influence the future of a species?
- Mutations are caused by errors in DNA replication and outside
influences like tobacco smoke and UV radiation. OER services claim
that mutations happen when the DNA sequence is changed. Mutations
could happen during DNA replication if mistakes are made and are not
immediately fixed. Through the DNA itself, it affects future progeny or
species; if a mistake is made now, it will be passed down to the
following generation.
2. Consider the following mRNA base sequence 5’ CUU CAG 3’
a. What dipeptide is coded for this mRNA?
- Leucine and Glutamine
b. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts CUU to CUC?
- Leucine and Glutamine
c. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation convert CAG to AAG?
- Leucine and Lysine
d. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts CUU and CUC and
CAG to AAG?
- Leucine and Lysine
3. Differentiate point mutation from frameshift mutation.
- Point mutations and frameshifts are the two types of gene mutation that
occur most frequently. The nucleotide sequence of the gene is altered
by both frameshifts and point mutations. The two forms differ in various
ways even though the end outcome is a modified gene; a different
phenotype may develop in the future. In contrast to point mutations,
which do not affect the DNA strand’s frame, frameshift mutations cause
the DNA strand’s frame to shift in one direction or the other. Frameshift
mutations affect a gene’s nucleotide sequence as well as its structure,
whereas point mutations only affect the gene’s structure.

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