Protective Relays Questions Latest Protective Relays MCQ Objective Questions cod ¢€ Eee Ec Cement Start Complete Exam Preparation ) Daily Live Practice Pataca Gites Cia Cine Download App Question 1: View this Question Online > The lighting arrester is connected 1. in series with the line 2. between line and earth 3. to a pole near the line 4, to circuit breaker Answer (Detailed’Solution Below) .Y : between line and earthcoaching govt. exams Under One Roof Caen TA od Protective Relays Question 1 Detailed Solution Lightning arrester: Definition: Protection device that protects the circuit from the strokes of lightning is known asa lightning arrester. + The lightning strokes are nothing but surges with high transient voltage, arcs of isolation, spark, and surge currents because of lightning, etc + These devices are used to defend the power systems by forwarding the high voltage surges in the direction of the ground. « These power systems and over hi Ro also be protected by using ground wire or the earthing from the direct strikes of lig) + The typical lightning arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a ground terminal. Advantages: + Property damage can be reduced from strokes of lighting + Outdoor equipment of the substation can be protected + Avoid damage in lines + Outlet surges can be avoided + Electromagnetic interference reduced + Simple to use Disadvantages: + Itoccupies more space + The installation cost is high.Teer een! Start Complete Exam Preparation ipo ji es peo Download App Question.2: View stion Online > What is the main function of a relay? 1. To amplify the current ina circuit. 2. To control the flow of current in a circuit. 3. To store energy ina circuit. 4. None of these Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: To control the flow of current in a circuit. Protective Relays Question 2 Detailed Solution Concept: + A relay is an electromagnetic switch that can open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically. + There is a relatively small current required to operate a relay. + Usually, they are used to regulate low currents in a control circuit. However, we can also use relays to control high electric currentsPPE eee eerie) Start Complete Exam Preparation OR Geo aE as ca Pray one Cec Descent Question Bank Exc) Download App Question 3: View this Question Online > Which of the following relays used for transmission line distance protection has the property of being inherently directional ? 1. Reactance relay: 3. OHM relay 4. Impedance relay Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: MHO relay Protective Relays Question 3 Detailed Solution Types of distance relay Mho relay + Mho relay is referred to as a voltage-controlled directional relay or admittance relay. + It's characteristic when plotted on an impedance diagram is @ circle passing through the origin. + It is inherently a directional relay as it detects the fault only in the forward direction. + The relay which is selected for long transmission lines should be less affected due by power swings. + Hence Mho relay is preferred for the protection of long transmission lines. Impedance relay A + This relay is @ voltage-restiainedevercurrent relay. + This relay operates when the impedance seen from the fault point is less than the relay setting 7).+ Itis used in the protection of medium transmission lines. Reactance relay + A reactance relay is an overcurrent relay with directional restraint. + A reactance relay is suitable for the protection of a short transmission line because its operation is independent of arc resistance. a ire Perici Pela Me) (CM elm tele) eae ote Bee entcs (on) Mock Tests Dos Choe eesieaccag Download App Pretty z Question 4: View this Question Online > A bucholz relay is commonly used for the protection of which of the following? 1. Generators 2. Transformers 3. Transmission lines 4. Busbars -m Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Transformers Protective Relays Question 4 Detailed Solution Concept, Buchholz relay is used for the protection of transformers from the faults occurring inside the transformer. Short circuit faults such as inter-turn faults, incipient winding faults, and core faults may occur due to the impulse breakdown of the insulating oil or simply the transformer oil.Release cock To Alarm Circuit Mercury Switch — z Hinged To Trip Point Cricket Murcury ‘Switch From ( Transformer Main Tank Te \ Conservator sal Test cock’ + Buchholz relay is a protection device that is normally used in large cil-absorbed transformers; It is a kind of oil and gas-activated relay + Whenever a small fault happens within the electrical device, heat is generated by the fault currents + The generated heat causes the decomposition of electrical devices cil and gas bubbles are generated + These gas bubbles run in the upward direction and obtain collected within the Buchholz relay + The collected gas relocates the oil in the Buchholz relay and therefore the displacement is similar to the amount of gas collected + The dislocation of oil causes the higher float to shut the higher mercury switch to connect an alarm circuit + Hence, once a small fault happens, then the alarm will be activated; The collected quantity of gas specifies the level of fault that occurred + Different types of faults have different types of oil flow and thus a fault can be recognized easily, and proper action can be taken a ca eee eae) Start Complete Exam Preparation CBR er coe oa ee rae pC tier Cree eau Download App Question 5: View this Question Online > Which of the following arresters is also called as a protector tube?1, Multi-gap arrester 2. Expulsion type lightning arrester 3. Valve type lightning arrester 4, Horn gap arrester Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Expulsion type lightning arrester Protective Relays Question 5 Detailed Solution The correct answer is option 2. : <0 Lightning arrester A Lightning Arrester is a ti /e equipment that protects electrical equipment from high voltage surges caused by lig} They are usuall t the top of transmission poles and buildings and provide an easy path for the mm lightning to flow to the ground. 3S ning arrester Gy od gap lightning arrester Line |— Rod connected to line <— Rod gap Transforme! bushing <— Rod connected to earth Transformer tank + Itis one of the simplest types of Lightning Arresters. + There is a gap between the end of the two rods. These two rads get connected to the earth and the line directly. The gap gets filled with air. + When there is a higher voltage on the line, the air ionizes, producing a spark. In this way, the fault current passes to the earth. 92) Expulsion-tvpe lightning arrester= a sie Rot gap | Be + Protector Fibro. te tube tN — Internal gan Earth = = + The expulsion type arrester is an improvement over the rod gap arrester. + This type of arrester is also known as a protector tube of expulsion gap and it is commonly limited to systems operating at voltages up to 33kV. * This arrester consists of a tube made up of fiber which is very effective, isolating spark gap and an interrupting spark gap inside the fiber tube. 3.) Horn gap arrester To the an apparatus to be protected shape. + This shape is important as the distance between the rads gradually decreases as we go down. There is a series resistor that will limit the arc current. 4) Multi-gap arrester Current limiting + A multigap arrester has multiple air gaps with the help of several cylinders, which are made up of Zinc alloy, + The top cylinder is connected to the line while the bottom cylinder is connected to the ground with a series resistor. + In the event of a surge, the air insulation will break down, and the surge will pass through the cylinders and the air gaps to the ground rather than through the shunt resistor. 5.) Valve-type lightning arrester V ike:Sparks gaps & grading = resistor block Set of resistor + It is a non-linear surge diverter as it consists of a non-linear resistor near the ground terminal. + Itis relatively expensive to manufacture this type of arrester but its action is very fast. Top Protective Relays MCQ Objective Questions India's #1 Learning Platform ORO Start Complete Exam Preparation ee bee yg poe rse & Quizzes jownload App Crees Question 6 View this Question Online > If for an IDMT relay with a plug setting of 50% anda CT ration of 400/5, the current is 3000 A, then the plug setting multiglier would be: 4. 37.5 Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: 15.0 Protective Relays Question 6 Detailed SolutionConcept: Plug setting multiplier: Plug setting multiplier is the ratio of fault current and the product of plug setting and CT ratio. . Si Soult current Plug setting multiplier = piap-setsimgePratier Calculatior Plug setting = relay setting « secondary CT current =05x5=25 = 400 CT ratio = = = 80 3000 Plug setting multiplier = 28x80 & meee ser peri Start Complete Exam Preparation COREE eet: Oe ee ee Dos cape Download App Question 7 View this Question Online > A negative sequence relay is commonly used to protect 1. An altemator 2. A transformer 3. A transmission line 4 x Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1: An alternatorProtective Relays Question 7 Detailed Solution Negative sequence relay: + It protects generators from the unbalanced load by detecting negative sequence current. + A negative sequence current may cause a dangerous situation for the machine. + Phase to phase fault mainly occurs because of the negative sequence component + The negative sequence relay has earthing which protects from phase-to-earth fault but not from phase-to-phase fault. Note: Relay Application Buchholz rely Transformer Translay relay Feeder Carrier current, phase comparison relay, Mho's relay Directional overcurrent | _ Ring main relay distributor Negative sequence Generator relay Inverse directional Radial overcurrent relay distribution rg ee eee Ros Start Complete Exam Preparation Bias Joel ler Download App Question 3 View this Question Online > The relay used for feeder protection is: ego ieeeDat nsostasae incarnate! dl 2. Translay relay 3. Thermal relay 4. “"e? Wet (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Translay relay Protective Relays Question 8 Detailed Solution Translay relay: + The translay relay is a differential relay + The arrangement is similar to overcurrent relay, but the secondary winding is not closed on itself + These types of relays are used in the feeder protection and the scheme is called the Translay scheme + In this scheme, two such relays are employed at the two ends of the feeder as shown in the Fig C.T. Feeder cr. Feeder Relay 2 Pilot wires vo Translay scheme of feeder protection KS + The secondaries of the two connected to each other using pilot wires + The connection is such that the voltages induced in the two secondaries oppose each other + The copper coils are used to compensate the effect of pilot wire capacitance currents and unbalance between two currents transformers + Under normal operating conditions, the current at the two ends of the feeder is the same * The primaries of the two relays carry the same currents inducing the same voltage in the secondaries + As these two voltages are in opposition, no current flows through the two secondaries circuits and no torque is exerted on the discs of both the relays + When the fault occurs, the currents at the two ends of the feeder are different, hence unequal ee an es cae+ Hence the circulating current flows in the secondary circuit causing torque to be exerted on the disc of each relay + But as the secondaries are in opposition, hence torque in one relay operates to close the trip circuit while in another relay the torque just holds the movement in an unoperated position + The care is taken that at least one relay operates under the fault condition ree septa OR et Reece Pela me CM Ciera leh iced) Girne pe epee Poe ccapery coors Brite Download App Questions View this Question Online > Which relay is also called angle impedance relay? 1. Impedance relay 2. Reactance relay 3. m\ 4, Frequency relay Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3: Mho relay Protective Relays Question 9 Detailed Solution Mho Relay: AMho relay measures a component of admittance [Y| 2 9. Butts characteristic when plotted on the impedance diagram is a circle passing through the origin. It is also known as angle impedance relay. The relay is called Mho relay because its characteristic is a straight line, when plotted on an admittance diagram, Important Points: « Impedance relay is = A... overcurrent relay.+ Reactance relay is an over!tent relay with directional restraint. + Mho relay is a voltage restrained directional relay. + Reactance relay is suitable for the protection of a short transmission line because its operation is independent of arc resistance. * The relay which is selected for a long transmission line should be less affected due to power swings. Hence Mho relay is preferred + Impedance relay is suitable for medium transmission lines. emer Pela CM eee) le lec) CRC R eros Gees eee Pare Porn Download App reer Prize) ‘Question 10 View this Question Online > A power system with two generators is shown in the figure below. The system (generators, buses and transmission lines) is protected by six overcurrent relays R; to Rg. Assuming a mix of directional and non-directional relays at appropriate locations, the remote backup relays for Ry are R, 2. Ro, Re 3. Ro, Rs.4. Ry Re Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: Ry, Rs Protective Relays Question 10 Detailed Solution Given the network is: In the given network, Rz, Ry, and Rs are directional ove Rj, Ry and Re are non-directional overcurrent relays. For the fault on line 2 ie. Lp, Rs and Ra must be operated. If Ry is not operated then Ry and Rg will operate. Therefore, back up for Rg are R; and Re The relay Rg is directly connected to relay Ry, so that relay R3 can’t provide remote backup. RO & eee Eero) Start Complete Exam ration aes iret eeu icra CORR est Download App Question 11 View this Question Online >Match the items is List —| (Type of transmission line) with the items in List - II (Type of distance relay preferred) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists. List-1 a. Short Line b. Medium Line c. Long Line List - 1 1. Ohm Relay © 2. Reactance Relay 3. Mho Relay of’ == ee 3. a=1,b+2c—3 4a 1,b73,c72 Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1:a=2,b>1,¢73 Protective Relays Question 11 Detailed Solution Distance Relay: + A distance protection relay is a name given to the protection, whose action depends on the distance of the feeding point to the fault. + The time of operation of such protection is a function of the ratio of voltage and current, ie, impedance. + This impedance between the relay and the fault depends on the electrical distance between them. + Types of distance relays are impedance relays, reactance relays, and the mho relays. Length & Transmission line} Operating _| Distance Relay voltage (0-80) kmare NR (0-20) kv (80-200) km Medium line Impedance rela (20-100) kv (>200) km Long-line Mbo relay (100) kv ~* » Important Points + Reactance relay is suitable for the prote: operation is independent of arc resistance. + The relay which is selected for a long transmission line should be less affected due to power swings. Hence Mho relay is preferred. + Impedance relay is suitable for medium transmission lines. ion of a short transmission line because its rod eee ietcy Start Complete Exam Preparation RCo Dm cet alee Mock Tests Doerr PXeiyza) Download App Question 12 View this Question Online > Which of the following relay is used for the protection of feeders and large busbars? 4. Under frequency relayAnswer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4:: Differential relay Protective Relays Question 12 Detailed Solution Differential relay: + Differential relay operation depends on the phase difference of two or more electrical quantities. + It works on the principle of comparison between the phase angle and the magnitude of the same electrical quantities. + The differential relay is used for the protection of the feeder, large busbars, etc. Distance relay: + Distance relay is widely used for the prote \n of high-voltage AC tr: alla °, and distribution lines. e * Distance protection schemes are commonly employed for providing ry or main protection and backup protection for AC transmission ae ion line against three- phase faults, phase-to-phase faults, and “Ww Under frequency relay + Under frequency relay is 0 protect the alternator when the frequency drops below the operating frequency. + Itis a backup protection for over fuxing (V/F) protection. + Under frequency occurs due to turbine low speed, grid frequency fluctuation, etc. + The generator can tolerate moderate under frequency operation provided voltage is within an acceptable limit. Buchholz relay: + Buchholz relay protects the transformer from internal faults. + Itis the gas actuated relay. + The Buchholz relay is placed between the main tank and the conservator. + Buchholz relay is used in the transformer having a rating higher than SCOKVA. + It is not used in a small transformer because of economic consider odBOCA ug Start Complete Exam Preparation eon peace lice teen ec a se Download App Question 13 o@ View this Question Online Impedance relay is used for protection in: 1. medium transmission lines = 2. short transmission lines 3. both long transmission lines and short transmission lines 4 Mrooovicson line Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1: medium transmission lines Protective Relays Question 13 Detailed Solution Distance Relay: This type of relay is used for the protection of the transmission lines. Depending upon the length of the transmission line, the distance relay is divided into: 1.) Impedance Relay: * This relay is a voltage restrained overcurrent relay. + This relay operates when the impedance seen from the fault pointiis less than the relay setting (2). + Itis used in the protection of medium transt 2.) Reactance Relay: + This relay is a current restrained overcurrent relay. + This relay is used for the protection of short transmission lines. + Reactance relay ener resistance value.Sop seer Fy ‘i + This relay is used for the protection of long transmission lines. + Mho relay is least affected by power surges. + Mho relay is inherently a directional relay as it detects the fault only in the forward direction. © Shortcut Trick R | Short 1_ | Medium M | tong e& © India's #1 Learning Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation Te Practice = } Pears aad cl researc & Quizzes Download App Question 14 Apilot relay is used for 1 ABD ere 2. Delayed tripping 3. Pre-set tripping 4, No tripping Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1: High speed tripping Protective Relays Question 14 Detailed Solution Roca ss View this Question Online >Pilot wire differential re! + The pilot wire oe, is a high-speed relay designed for the protection of transmission and distribution lines. + They are generally applied on short lines, normally less than 50 km long, + The scheme requires a communication channel (link) to carry system voltage and current information to the control locetion. + The main objective of using pilot relaying is to remote control the circuit breakers. ee an enn Per ttceli “Ser. Start Complete Exam Preparation lees hee [ra] Mock Tests Poesia Cresco Download App Question 15 View this Question Online > The normal resistance of a pilot wire is: 1. More than 500 ohms: 2. More than 1500 ohms 3. Less than 500 ohms 4. Less than 1500 ohms Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : Less than 500 chms Protective Relays Question 15 Detailed Solutionave ne differential relay or Merz-price protection. A wire is connected between the CT at different ends of the protection zone. + This wire provides the path for the circulating current produce in an al is sensed by the relay and therefore is tripped; this wire is kno + The normal resistance of a pilot wire is Less than 500 Oo + Whenever a transmission line or equipments to be protected by using distance ai). ated ion, which ico