PRESENTED BY

Ashmeen Akhtar
B.Sc N 4th year
 Introduction
 Definition
 Pupose
 Principle
 Types of position
 Indication
 Procedures
 Summary
 Conclusion
 Bibliography
Therapeutic postions are used to promote comfort of
the client.

Proper turning and positioning allows the health care

provider to make clients as comfortable as possible,
prevent contractures and pressure sores.

Proper position help in diagnostic tests or surgical

intervention and procedure and allow clients greater
access to their environment.
DEFINITION
Positioning is defined as planning the person in a
proper body alignment for the purpose of
preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative
aspects of health or placing the patient in good
body alignment as needed therapeutically.
PURPOSES
 To promote comfort to the patient
 To relieve pressure on various parts
 To stimulate circulation
 To carry out nursing intervention
 To perform surgical and medical interventions
PRINCIPLES
 Maintain good body mechanics
 Wash hands before and after procedure
 Ensure patient’s comfort
 Obtain assistance as required
 Follow safety measures to prevent accidents
 Follow the systematic and orderly way of doing
 Use right technique at right time.
 Supine position
 Prone position
 Lateral position
 Lithotomy position
 Fowler’s position
 Semi Fowler’s position
 Sim’s position
 Tredlenberg Position
 Knee chest position
SUPINE POSITION
 The patient lies on his back with his head and
shoulders are slightly elevated Indication
 Usual position
 Examination of the chest and abdomen.
PROCEDURE
 Place the patient on back with one pillow under the
head, arms and hands at the sides,knees flexed and
separated.
 Place the air ring under the hips and cotton or foam
pads under the heels to reduce the pressure.
 If the patient is a paralyzed, place hand role in.
hand.
 Align the patient’s body in good position.
PRONE POSITION
 Position in which the patient lies on the
abdomen with the head turned to one side
with one small pillow under the ankle.
INDICATION
 Renal biopsy.
 Examine the back

 For patients after 24 hours of

amputation of lower limbs
PROCEDURE
 Explain the procedure
 Provide privacy
 Place the patient flat on abdomen with one pillow
under the head
 Turn patients head to one side and align the patient
in good position
 Place both arms at the side of the head and support
arm in flexed position at level of shoulder.
 Support lower legs with pillows to elevate toes.
LATERAL POSITION
 The client lies on the side with weight on hip and
shoulder or the patient lies on his side with both arms
forward and his knees and hips flexed.
 The upper leg is flexed more than the lower leg.
 The upper knee and hip should be at the same level.
 A pillow is given under the head, back and front to support
the arms and abdomen.
 A small pillow is given in between the knees.
INDICATIONS
 Used for examination of perineum.
 Inserting suppositories.
 Giving back care.
 For giving enema and colonic irrigation.
PROCEDURE
 Explain the procedure
 Provide privacy
 Lower the head of bed as low as patient can
tolerate.
 Position the patient to side of bed
 Turn the patient to one side
 Place the air ring under the hips to reduce
pressure in trochanters and at the hip joints.
CONTD…
 Position both arms in flexed position.

Upper most arms are supported by pillow

on level with shoulder.
 Place pillow under back

 Place pillow under semi flexed upper leg

at hip, from groin to foot.

 Place sand bag parallel to plantar

surface of dependent foot.

 LITHOTOMY POSITION
 The client lies supine with hips flexed. The legs
are separated and thighs are flexed.
 The patient’s buttocks are kept at the edge of the
table and legs are supported by stirrups.
INDICATIONS
 For delivery of baby
 For rectal examination & surgeries
 For vaginal examination & hysterectomy
PROCEDURE
 Explain the procedure to the patient
 Provide privacy
 Position the patient to lie on his back with one
pillow under the head
 Keep the legs well separated and the thighs well
flexed on the abdomen and the legs on the thighs
 Buttocks are kept on the edge of the table and the
legs are supported on stirrups
FOWLER’S POSITION
 It is a sitting position in which the head is
elevated at 45˚ to 60˚, and the client knees
are slightly elevated, avoiding pressure on
the popliteal vessels.
 Backrest and two pillows are used for the

back and head. Pillows can be used to

maintain natural alignment of the hands
wrist and forearms.
INDICATIONS
 To relieve dyspnea
 To improve circulation

 To relax the muscles of the abdomen,

back and thighs.

 To relieve tension on abdominal stature.
PROCEDURE
 Explain the procedure
 Elevate the head of the bed
 Rest the head against mattress or small pillow.
 Use pillow to support arm.
 Place a small pillow at lower back.
 Place foot board at bottom of patient’s feet.
 Place the patient in sitting position with arms at sides
and knees raised with pillow.
SIMS POSITION
 In this position the client lies on either the right or left
side.
 The lower arm behind the body and upper arm is bent at
the shoulder and elbow.
 The knees are both bent, with the upper most leg more
acutely bent.
 These positions similar to the lateral position except that
the patient’s weight is on the anterior aspect of the
patient’s shoulder girdle and hip.
INDICATIONS
 Vaginal and rectal examination
 Administration of enema and suppository
 Used for relaxation in antenatal exercises
 Position for sigmoidoscopy and protoscopy
PROCEDURE
 Explain the procedure to the patient
CONTD…
 Provide privacy
 Place the patient on the side
 Place small pillow under head and neck
 Place pillow under flexed upper arm, supporting arm
level with shoulder.
 Place pillow under flexed upper leg, supporting leg
level with hip.
 Place sand bags parallel to plantar surface of
dependent foot.
TREDLENBERG POSITION
 In this the patient lies on the back with the head low.
 The foot of the bed is elevated at 45˚ angle. Entire
frame of bed is tilted with head of bed down.

INDICATION
 Used in emergency situations like shock,
hemorrhage and hypotension
 Postural drainage
 Patients with deep vein thrombosis
PROCEDURE
 Explain the procedure to patient
 Place the patient in supine position
 Lower the head end of the bed or if it is not
adjustable type, use bed block at foot end and tilt entire
frame of bed down. OR elevate the foot end at
45˚angle.
 The patient is carefully supported to prevent from
slipping.
KNEE CHEST POSITION
 The patient rests on the knees and the chest.
 The body is at 90˚ angle to the hips with back straight,
the arm above the head, and the head turned to one side.
 The abdomen remains unsupported.

INDICATION
 Used for vaginal and rectal examination
 Used in first aid treatment in cord prolapse or
retroverted uterus
 As exercise for postpartum and gynecology patients.
PROCEDURE
 Explain the procedure to the patient
 Make the patient rest on the knees and chest
 The head is turned to one side with the cheek on a
pillow.
 The arm should be extended on the bed and flexed at
the elbows to support the patient partially.
SUMMARY
In this presentation I have discussed about the
Introduction of position, definition, purpose,
Principles, types of position and there
procedure and indication .
COCLUSION
As per my presentation is done on
positions in this topic I gain knowledge
about the positions and its procedure and
learn about how position is important for
the therapeutic treatment.
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