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Lab 2

This document summarizes an experiment to determine the API gravity of crude oil and petroleum products. The objective was to use a glass density meter to find the specific gravity and API gravity of various crude oil samples. The procedures measured the density of two samples, Sirt oil and Sidra crude. Calculations were done to find the specific gravity and API gravity. The API was 42.5467 for Sirt oil and 34.97058 for Sidra crude, classifying both as light crude oils based on their API values being between 15-45.

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39 views

Lab 2

This document summarizes an experiment to determine the API gravity of crude oil and petroleum products. The objective was to use a glass density meter to find the specific gravity and API gravity of various crude oil samples. The procedures measured the density of two samples, Sirt oil and Sidra crude. Calculations were done to find the specific gravity and API gravity. The API was 42.5467 for Sirt oil and 34.97058 for Sidra crude, classifying both as light crude oils based on their API values being between 15-45.

Uploaded by

tea
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sirt University

College Of
Chemical Engineering

EXPERIMENT.No.2
API gravity for crude oil and its
products

Petroleum processing lab CHE-443

Written By:
Salama Arif Eajal
1741201

Supervised By:
Dr. mukhtar shaglouf
Eng. Hassan Haron
Date/2022/11/14
Content
Introduction..................................................................................................................3
OBJECTIVE:...............................................................................................................3
Method:.........................................................................................................................3
Apparatus....................................................................................................................3
Procedures:...................................................................................................................3
Crude oil classification.................................................................................................3
Results & Discussion:...................................................................................................4
Conclusion:...................................................................................................................4
Reference:.....................................................................................................................4

2
Introduction

API gravity it was developed in France in 1768 and officially accepted by the U.S.
National Bureau of Standards in 1916. After encountering a series of errors and
variations, the American Petroleum Institute refined the scale and created API gravity.
This is now widely used across the globe API gravity is a commonly used index of the
density of a crude oil or refined products. API stands for the American Petroleum
Institute, which is the industry organization that created this measure. A crude oil will
typically have an API between 15 and 45 degrees. Higher API indicates a lighter (lower
density) crude.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this experiment is to determine the specific gravity and API gravity of
various crude oils, liquid petroleum products, and petroleum mixtures using a glass
density meter.

Method:

Apparatus
a. Hydrometer.
b. Crude oil.
c. Product crude oil.
d. Measuring cylinder.

Procedures:

Procedure: First, we took a graduated cylinder (tester), which must be clean. We filled
the cylinder with 800 ml of the first (sirt oil) sample. After filling the cylinder, we put the
thermometer to measure the temperature of the fluid, and then we put the hydrometer,
allowing time for the hydrometer to flow freely. We took the scale reading, we recorded
the reading, and finally we took out the hydrometer and cleaned it. We repeated the
same steps for the second sample (Sidra).

Crude oil classification

• Crude oil will typically have an API between 15 and 45 degrees.


3
• Higher API indicates a lighter crude (lower density).
• Lower API indicates a heavier crude (higher density).

High API crudes are more valuable because they yield more high-value:
• Light products when it refines in a refinery.
• Light crude is typically ranged between 35-45 API.
Which includes most of the highest valued crudes :
• Crudes lighter than 45 API are typically considered extra-light.
• Crude or condensates and are valued lower than light crude.

Results & Discussion:

141.5
API= −131.5 where SG is specific weight
SG
of ¿
SG=denisty ¿
density of water
Sample NO.1 (sirt oil)
 = 0.813 g/cm
S.G=  of sub(0.813)/ of water at T=20C.(1)
S.G= 0.813
API= (141.5/0.813) -131.5 = 42.5467
API For Sample (1) is Light.
Sample NO.2 (sidra)
 = 0.850 g/cm
S.G=  of sub(0.850)/ of water at T=20C.(1)
S.G= 0.850
API= (141.5/0.813) -131.5 = 34.97058
API For Sample (2) is Light.

Conclusion:

At the end of the experiment, we calculated the density of the liquid, the specific density,
and the API. From this information, we calculated the classification of the first sample,
which was light, as well as the second sample, which was light.

Reference:

https://www.slideshare.net/MuhammadAkram115/petrol-61158102

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