EXPERIMENT 1

Pressure versus Volume

NAMES: SECTION​: ​PHYS-31-YD

Jala, Leslie Jane B.
Pulmano, Jarena Joy
Rengel, Galileo Jr.
Saburao, Therese T.
Sandoval, Rio
Tangcalagan, Joseph Jan
Torrejos, Kristaine Shane

Date Performed: January 9, 2021 Date Submitted: January 9, 2021

I. OBJECTIVE

To be able to determine how pressure changes with volume at constant temperature and number of particles.

II. PROCEDURE
1. Choose IDEAL and study its controls.
2. Under the PARTICLES tab, click on the right arrow to put 100 number of heavy particles on the container.
3. Tick on TEMPERATURE to hold it constant throughout the experiment.
4. Tick on WIDTH and drag the handle on the left side of the container according to the values given in tables 1 or
2.
5. Calculate the volume by multiplying its length and height which are both assumed to be 10nm and by its given
width.
6. From shown values of pressure, determine its average value and record.
7. Repeat steps 2 to 6 using light particles.

III. DATA

Table 1​: Heavy Particles at Constant Temperature (300 K)

Number of Particles Width (nm) Volume (nm​3​) Average Pressure (atm)

100 5 500 23.30
100 6 600 19.55
100 7 700 16.70
100 8 800 14.65
100 9 900 13.00
100 10 1000 11.65
100 11 1100 10.60
100 12 1200 9.70
100 13 1300 8.90
100 14 1400 8.30
100 15 1500 7.70
Figure 1​: Pressure vs Volume of Table 1.

Table 2​: Light Particles at Constant Temperature (300 K)

Number of Particles Width (nm) Volume (nm​3​) Average Pressure (atm)

100 5 500 23.4
100 6 600 19.4
100 7 700 16.5
100 8 800 14.6
100 9 900 13.1
100 10 1000 11.7
100 11 1100 10.6
100 12 1200 9.7
100 13 1300 8.95
100 14 1400 8.35
100 15 1500 7.8

Figure 2​: Pressure vs Volume of Table 2.

Table 1 and Table 2 Volume Computations​.

Formula: Volume = length x height x width

IV. DISCUSSIONS

1. Discuss what happens to the volume if the width of the box is doubled.
Based on our computations, we can say that doubling the width of the box doubles the volume of the box. In
fact, doubling any of the dimensions doubles the volume and if all of the dimensions are doubled​, the volume of the box
becomes 8 times bigger than what it was (Aminata, Jonathan, & Philip, 2015). As long as the temperature is constant,
the average force of each particle striking the surface will be the same. Because the area of the container has increased,
there will be fewer of these collisions per unit area and the pressure will decrease. Volume is inversely proportional to
pressure, if the number of particles and the temperature are constant.

2. Discuss the relationship between volume and pressure using heavy and light particles.
Pressure and volume have an inverse relationship when temperature and quantity of gas are constant. In Figure
1 and Figure 2, it is observed that pressure decreases as the volume increases. Conversely, the pressure increases as the
volume decreases. This relationship between pressure and volume is known as Boyle’s law, sometimes called as
Mariotte’s law (Libretexts, 2020).
According to Ck-12 (2020), the amount of gas, temperature, and volume are the major factors that affect gas
pressure. The simulation performed follows Boyle’s law in which temperature and number of particles are constant and
volume being the only factor affecting pressure. Based on the data, the heavy particles and light particles have the same
average value of 13.10 atm. Therefore, there is no significant difference between the gas pressures of the particles
based on their molecular weight.

3. What is the slope of each graph? What does it represent? Discuss your answers.
The slope of each graph is -0.014 which means the two variables, volume and pressure, are inversely related. In
the graph, as we can see, as the volume increases, the pressure decreases. The slope coefficient is nearly 0, at 0.014
which means the line is nearly, completely horizontal. The volume drastically increases with just a small to moderate
decrease of pressure in a constant 300K temperature.

4. Write the equation showing the mathematical relationship between volume and pressure.
The equation is as follows, PV=k whereas P is the pressure, V is the volume, and k is the temperature at
constant. To expound, the equation could also be written as PV=nRT whereas n is the number of moles of the gas, R is
the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature in kelvin.

5. If you are to design another experiment using this simulation, what and how would it be? Discuss your answer.

If we were to design another experiment, instead of finding the relationship between volume and pressure given
that the temperature is constant, we would instead find the relationship between temperature and pressure given that
the volume is constant. Ideally, our volume (10nm*10nm*5nm) and our number of particles (100 on both heavy and
light) would be the same . The pressure would be our dependent variable and our temperature would be our
independent variable (Starting from 300K or 27°C and ramps up by 50K or 50°C, up to 800K or 527°C).
According to Amorton’s Law, temperature has a direct linear relationship with pressure. This means that
theoretically, as temperature increases, pressure also increases. (Rice University, n.d.)
V. Conclusion
At constant temperature and number of particles, an inverse relationship exists between the pressure and
volume: when the volume increases, the pressure decreases and vice versa. This is known as Boyle’s law which may be
mathematically expressed as PV=k where P is pressure, V is volume, and k is temperature. The gas law supported the
results of the simulation performed with a slope of -0.014. Since there was no significant difference between the gas
pressures of the heavy particles and light particles, another simulation where the volume is rather constant would be
ideal to observe the behavioral changes of these particles.
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