ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY

ARBA MINCH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AMIT)

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
PROJECT 2
DESIGN OF SCISSOR JACK USED FOR LIFTING LIGHT VEHICLE

ADVISOR: MR. GETACHEW

GROUP MEMBER ID NUMBER

ABDURAHIM MIFTAH …………………………………… .NSR/039/12

BIRUK FENTAHUN……………………………….. …….. …NSR/481/12

GASHAW ALEBIE……………………………………………NSR/1081/12

LATERA TEREFE…………………………………………… NSR/1467/12

TEWODROS DERESE………………………………………. NSR/2316/12

YISHAK ZELEKE…………………………………………….NSR/2511/12

JUNE,2023
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all we would like to thank God for bringing us this far and giving us the strength to carry
out the project and we would like to thank our instructor Mr. GETACHEW gives a chance to do
this project.

I
 ABSTRACT

A Scissor Jack is a mechanical device used to lift a light vehicle from the ground for changing
the wheel and for maintenance purpose. The power screw jack reduces the amount of force
required by the user to drive the mechanism. Most scissor jacks are similar in design, consisting
of four main members driven by power screw. This design project was focuses on the detail
design and analysis of each of mechanical scissor car jack and to draw out the detail drawing of
each component and assembly drawing using SOLIDWORKS software, different literatures are
reviewed and a reasonable justification and conclusion was made. Generally we try to design
each component of mechanical scissor jack by using proper procedure and materials, which are
available, strong, economical and good corrosion resistance.

Key words: Car Jack, Scissor jack

II
 NOMENCLATURE

Kg/m3 Kilogram Per Meter Cube

Mpa Mega Pascal
Kg Kilogram
∆ hmax Change of Maximum Lifting Height
Hmax Total Maximum Height of Scissor Jack
θmax Maximum Angle
Θmin Minimum angle
W Weight
∑ Fx The Summation of Force Along X- Direction
F Force
F1 Force Acting on Link One
F2 Force Acting on Link Two
F3 Force Acting on Link Three
F4 Force Acting on Link Four
∑ Fy The Summations of Force Along Y- Direction
Fs Axial Force Acting on Power screw
σy Yield Stress
σult Ultimate Yield Stress
m/s2 Meter per second
F.s Factor of safety

ME Moment at point E

III
 Ȳ Coordinates of Centroid
A Area
I Moment of inertia
M Moment
Σσ b Bending Stress
Σσ all Overall Stress
Σσ d Design Stress
Dc Core Diameter
Do Outer Diameter
dm Mean Diameter
Dr Root Diameter
P Pitch
ɸ Friction Angle
F Total Axial Force on Power Screw
Pr Effort Required to Rise the Load
Tr Turning Moment of the Screw to Rise
Η Efficiency of Thread
T Torque
τall Overall Shearing Stress
Ȳ Coordinates of Centroid
Τ Shearing Stress
σmax Maximum Stress

ABBREVATIONS

AMIT Arba Minch institute of technology

IV
ASME American society of Mechanical Engineering

TABLE CONTENTS

V
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................................................I

ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................II

NOMENCLATURE......................................................................................................................III

ABBREVATIONS..........................................................................................................................V

TABLE CONTENTS....................................................................................................................VI

LIST OF FIGURE.........................................................................................................................IX

LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................XI

CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................1

1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................1

1.1 Background of the project......................................................................................................1

1.1.1 Application of car jack....................................................................................................3

1.1.2 How Car Jack Works?.....................................................................................................3

1.1.3 Types of Car Jacks..........................................................................................................5

1.1.5 Definition of Scissor Car Jack.........................................................................................9

1.1.6 Component of Scissor Jack...........................................................................................10

1.2 Problem statement of the project.........................................................................................15

1.3 Objectives of the Project......................................................................................................16

1.3.1 General Objectives of the project..................................................................................16

1.3.2 Specific Objectives of the project.................................................................................16

1.4 Scope and Limitations of the project...................................................................................17

1.4.1 Scope of the project.......................................................................................................17

1.4.2 Limitations of the project..............................................................................................17

1.5 Significance of the project...................................................................................................18

1.6 Organization of the project..................................................................................................18

CHAPTER TWO...........................................................................................................................19

VI
2. LITERATURE REVIEW..........................................................................................................19

CHAPTER THREE.......................................................................................................................21

3. METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS...................................................................................21

3.1 Methodology........................................................................................................................21

3.2 Materials...............................................................................................................................22

3.2.1 Material Selection..........................................................................................................22

3.3 Working principle................................................................................................................27

CHAPTER FOUR.........................................................................................................................28

4.DESIGN ANALYSIS.................................................................................................................28

4.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................28

4.2 Geometry and force analysis................................................................................................28

4.2.1 Geometry analysis.........................................................................................................28

4.2.2 Force analysis................................................................................................................30

4.3 Design Components of Scissor Jack....................................................................................35

4.3.1 Design of lifting member (arms)...................................................................................35

4.3.2 Design of upper plate....................................................................................................36

4.3.3 Design of base plate......................................................................................................40

4.3.4 Design of the power screws...........................................................................................42

4.3.5 Design of Connecting member......................................................................................45

4.3.6 Design of the driving handle.........................................................................................45

CHAPTER FIVE...........................................................................................................................47

5. RESULT AND DISCUSION....................................................................................................47

5.1 Result...................................................................................................................................47

5.2 Discussion............................................................................................................................47

CHAPTER SIX..............................................................................................................................48

VII
6 .CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION........................................................................48

6.1 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................48

6.2 Recommendation.................................................................................................................48

REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................49

APPENDIX I PROPRERTY TABLE...........................................................................................51

APPENDIX II DETAIL, ASSEMBLE DRAWING AND EXPLODED DRAWING.................53

LIST OF FIGURE

VIII
Figure 1 Old car jack.......................................................................................................................2
Figure 2 Application of jack............................................................................................................3
Figure 3 Mechanical jack.................................................................................................................4
Figure 4 Bottle jack.........................................................................................................................4
Figure 5 Pneumatic Jacks................................................................................................................5
Figure 6 Hydraulic Floor Jack.........................................................................................................6
Figure 7 Hydraulic Bottle Jack........................................................................................................6
Figure 8 Farm Jack..........................................................................................................................7
Figure 9 Trolley jack.......................................................................................................................7
Figure 10 Screw jack.......................................................................................................................8
Figure 11 Scissor Jack.....................................................................................................................9
Figure 12 Power screw..................................................................................................................10
Figure 13 Connecting member......................................................................................................11
Figure 14 Base plate......................................................................................................................11
Figure 15 Lifting members............................................................................................................12
Figure 16 Upper plate....................................................................................................................12
Figure 17 Driving handle...............................................................................................................13
Figure 18 Bolt................................................................................................................................13
Figure 19 Nut.................................................................................................................................14
Figure 20 Washer...........................................................................................................................14
Figure 21 Methodology of the project...........................................................................................21
Figure 22 Scissor jack Exploded...................................................................................................27
Figure 23 line diagram of Scissor jack [8].....................................................................................28
Figure 24 Angle between links [9]................................................................................................29
Figure 25 Angle between links [9]................................................................................................30
Figure 26 Force acting on link at maximum position [10]............................................................31
Figure 27 Force acting on link at minimum position [10].............................................................32
Figure 28 Reaction force on power screw.....................................................................................33
Figure 29 Reaction force on power screw [11].............................................................................35
Figure 30 upper plate lay out.........................................................................................................36
Figure 31 Part of upper base..........................................................................................................38

IX
Figure 32 2D drawing of base plate [11].......................................................................................40
Figure 33 Base plate right side views............................................................................................40
Figure 34 Section view..................................................................................................................41
Figure35 Thread geometry analysis...............................................................................................43

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Material Property of Steel.................................................................................................24

Table 2 Mechanical properties of material....................................................................................25

X
Table 3 Material selection for each component.............................................................................26
Table 4 Specification Table...........................................................................................................28
Table 5 Result................................................................................................................................47

XI
 CHAPTER ONE

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the project

The personal name Jack which came into English usage around the thirteenth century as a
nickname form of John came in the sixteenth century to be used as a colloquial word for a man
of low status as in the modern usage 'jack of all trades, master of none'). From here, the word
was 'applied to things which in some way take the place of a lad or man, or save human labor.
The first attestation in the Oxford English Dictionary of jack in the sense 'a machine, usually
portable, for lifting heavy weights by force acting from below' is from 1679, referring to 'an
Engine used for the removing and commodious placing of great Timber. A jack is a mechanical
device which uses a screw thread or a hydraulic cylinder to lift heavy loads or apply great linear
forces. The most common forms of jacks available in the market are Scissor car jacks, House
jacks, Hydraulic jacks, Pneumatic jacks and Strand jacks that are extensively used in
Construction, Industrial, Automobiles and Engineering segments. A jack is a device that uses
force to lift heavy loads. Jacks can be categorized based on the type of force they employ:
mechanical or hydraulic. Mechanical jacks, such as car jacks and house jacks, lift heavy
equipment and are rated based on lifting Capacity (for example, the number of tons they can lift).
Hydraulic jack tend to be stronger and can lift heavier loads higher, and include bottle jacks and
floor jacks. Hydraulic jacks depend on force generated by pressure. Essentially, if two cylinders
(a large and a small one) are connected and force is applied to one cylinder, equal pressure is
generated in both cylinders. However, because one cylinder has a larger area, the force the larger
cylinder produces will be higher, although the pressure in the two cylinders will remain the
same. Hydraulic jacks depend on this basic principle to lift heavy loads: they use pump plungers
to move oil through two cylinders. The plunger is first drawn back, which opens the suction
valve ball within and draws oil into the pump chamber. As the plunger is pushed forward, the oil
moves through an external discharge check valve into the cylinder chamber, and the suction
valve closes, which results in pressure building within the cylinder [4].

1
 Figure 1 Old car jack
In the repair and maintenance of automobiles, it is often necessary to raise an automobile to
change a tire or access the underside of the automobile. Accordingly, a variety of car jacks have
been developed for lifting an automobile from a ground surface. Available car jacks, however,
are typically manually operated and therefore require substantial laborious physical effort on the
part of the user. Such jacks present difficulties for the elderly and handicapped and are especially
disadvantageous under adverse weather conditions [2].

Furthermore, available jacks are typically large, heavy and also difficult to store, transport, carry
or move into the proper position under an automobile. There are also reports on car jacks which
lead to a serious failure. Scissor jacks are mechanical devices and have been in use since 1930s.
A scissor jack is a device constructed with a cross-hatch mechanism, much like a scissor, to lift
up a vehicle for repair.

It typically works in a vertical manner. The jack opens and folds closed, applying pressure to the
bottom supports along the crossed pattern to move the lift. When closed, they have a diamond
shape. Scissor jacks are simple mechanisms used to handle large loads over short distances. The
power screw design of a common scissor jack reduces the amount of force required by the user
to drive the mechanism. Most scissor jacks are similar in design, consisting of four main
members driven by a power screw. To overcome aforesaid draw backs, a power scissor jack
which has a frame type design utilizing the power from the battery of the automobile has been
developed and fabricated. In the literature review, the development trend of mechanical scissor

2
jack starting from traditional to improved one and then advanced type of toggle screw scissor
jack have been reviewed Implementation of design will solve problem associated with them [3] .

The study of different factor affecting the performance scissor jack also indicate that improving
the insulation screw scissor jack has a greater role in the improvement of overall efficiency and
simple to use. Literature also showed that optimization of their strength in addition, most of the
researches indicate that increasing strength are the main targeted objectives.

1.1.1 Application of car jack

 To lift machine, vehicle equipment and prefabrication part in mechanical assembly.
 Used to lift buildings from their foundations for repairs or relocation
 Adjusting the height of truck loading platforms and mill tables
 It can be used for jacking carrying beams that have settled or for installing new structural
beams
 Lifting device to lift heavy loads or apply force in vehicles.
 A series of jacks is used and then wood cribbing temporarily supports the structure.

Figure 2 Application of jack

1.1.2 How Car Jack Works?
The car jacks basically work on the three mechanisms, which is the mechanical, hydraulic, and
pneumatic mechanism. Let's discuss them briefly below.

3
 1. Mechanical Jacks
These types of car jacks use a simple mechanical method to a vehicle. A mechanical car may
have a lifting screw or a ratcheting system to slowly lift the vehicle. To clarify, when a screw
jack unit is operated, the rotation of the worm shaft also makes the worm gear rotate. The lead
screw is attached to the worm gear to rotate the screw jack and they rotate at the same speed. As
the worm gear rotates, the friction forces on the screw thread act to turn the nut as well.

Figure 3 Mechanical jack

2. Hydraulic Jacks
It uses hydraulic cylinders, placed horizontally or vertically to lift large objects. The hydraulic
jack is made up of a reservoir filled with oil, where the pressure pushes the cylinder to move it
upwards.

Figure 4 Bottle jack

4
 3. Pneumatic Jacks
Pneumatic jacks are heavy equipment, which is powered by compressed air and are used to
easily lift and place heavy materials and machinery. This pneumatic power converts electrical
power into mechanical power via compressed air.
This type of car jack is also known as a telescope jack. They are commonly found in many heavy
machinery maintenance industries for lifting buses, trucks, and construction vehicles. Pneumatic
jacks are not used for small vehicles.

Figure 5 Pneumatic Jacks

1.1.3 Types of Car Jacks
Following are the types of car jacks:
1. Floor Jack
2. Bottle Jack
3. Farm Jack
4. Trolley Jack
5. Screw Jack
6. Scissor Jack
1. Floor Jacks
This type of car jack is considered the most common and popular type and is ideal to use for car
repair due to its low-profile design. The floor jack is designed to help you lift the vehicle when
you are working under the car. These are works on the principle of hydraulic jacks. It has heavy
steel wheels to roll under the car at any time. The hydraulic pressure of the jack allows you to lift
a part of the vehicle with a hand lever. Some models of this type may have a release valve on the

5
top of the handle. These tools are very robust and don't require a lot of experience to use them.
Because of the simplest design, they are useful for some light construction projects.

Figure 6 Hydraulic Floor Jack

2. Bottle Jack
These are types of hydraulic jacks, the appearance of which is almost similar to a bottle with an
elongated cylindrical body. Compared to an average floor jack, a bottle jack is able to hold more
weight. Hence, they can lift the vehicle higher. Bottle jacks are available with a pump handle
and/or an air compressor attachment. According to the model type, these can lift between 4∧¿
50 tonnes . Since it has a high initial clearance , that can make them more difficult to use on
smaller vehicles. Bottle jacks are more economical than floor jacks.

Figure 7 Hydraulic Bottle Jack

6
 3. Farm Jack
These are commonly used as farming tools, however, you do not need to be a farmer or work on
a tractor to use them. Actually, many people use them for off-roading vehicles and high-
clearance trucks. They are used when there is a need to lift a vehicle out of the mud. Basically,
they can lift the car up to 5 feet off the ground. You can easily place them on the back of a large
vehicle and are also known as high-lift jacks. Farm jacks can also be used as a pulley or clamp,
making them an all-purpose tool in certain situations.

Figure 8 Farm Jack

4. Trolley jack
These are the other type of car jack, capable of lifting up to 4 tons, and can roll in dirt and gravel,
have a braking mechanism, and are one of the safest and easiest jacks to use in various
applications.
It pumps oil into the pump cylinder by lifting the jack handle, and as you lower the jack handle,
it pushes the pressurized oil toward the main cylinder. This action causes the main piston to lift.
These are generally used for automotive repairs.

Figure 9 Trolley jack

7
 5. Screw Jack
A screw jack is a portable device consisting of screw mechanism used to raise or lower the load
and it is a simple mechanism used to drive large loads. A mechanism for lifting and supporting
loads usually with large size the power screw design of a common screw jack reduces the
amount of force required by the user to drive the mechanism with the power used to measure
input forces. Screw jack allow as to raise vast load using only a fraction of the force ordinary
leaded using its construction is simple with just few processes which is operated by forming a
lead screw. It is also known as a jack screw. Principle and concept of screw jack is the
convention of rotary motion in to linear motion. They are provided with a threaded shaft.
Threads formed around a shaft are used to translate rotational motion in to linear motion.in this
way fasters such as screw and bolts convert the rotational motion or torque of screw drawn or
wrench in to a compressor holding force in our design.as further thread screw is considered
sincere square thread is more effective than the more thread become use in the threads the
effective consists of frictional increase.

Figure 10 Screw jack

6. Scissor Jack
Are the simplest mechanism used
to drives large loads short
distance .The power screw
design of a common scissor jack
reduces the amount of force required
by user to drive the mechanism. It
much likely a scissor jacks to lift up a vehicle for repair or storage. It typically works with just a
vertical manner. A scissor jack uses a simply theorem of gears to gets its power as the screw
section is turned, two ends of links jack move closer together because the gears of the screw are
pushing up the arms. The amount of force being multiplied will take a very small amount of
force to form the crank Handler. The advantage of a scissor jack is its safety, especially when
compared to high-lift jacks and farm jacks, which require more care and expertise. In addition,
they are also lighter and cheaper than floor jacks.

8
 Figure 11 Scissor Jack
We selects scissor jack because of
 Construction is very simple
 Capital investment and installation cost are relatively low.
 Easy to operate, easy to maintain and easy to carry.
 Operation time is in short period.
 There is no require fuel, electricity and other power sources.

1.1.5 Definition of Scissor Car Jack

A scissor jack is a device constructed with a cross-hatch mechanism, much like a scissor, to lift
up a vehicle for repair. A scissor jack is a device which is used to lift heavy vehicles, partially or
fully in the air for breakdown and maintenance. Scissor jack includes one power screw which is
rotating, two fixed nuts, four links which is connected to nuts, eight pins used to fixed that four
links, two rings provided at screw end and load platform supported by upper two links [4].

1.1.6 Component of Scissor Jack

 Power screw
 Lifting member
 Base plate
 Upper plate

9
  Connecting member
 Driving handle
 Washer
 Bolt
 Nut
a. Power screw
Power screws are used to convert rotary motion in to transitional motion. It is also called
transitional screw. A screw thread is formed by cutting a continuous helical groove around the
cylinder. These grooves are cut either left hand or right hand. The power screw is a single Acme
threaded screw with collar at both ends, with one end in contact with Member and the other end
having a square key way to enable the transmission of torque from the gears. The collar is
assumed to be friction less and the power screw has been designed to be self-locking [5].

Figure 12 Power screw

b. Connecting member
These fasteners as used to fully transfer the applied load from the break, to the rivet, which
connects the upper arm with the fastener.

10
 Figure 13 Connecting member

c. Base plate
The base plate should with stand the applied load plus the whole component or linkage load by
itself, the force, we have to select the material during the design process in order to resist the
above all loads.

Figure 14 Base plate

d. Lifting members
These members are made from simple c-shapes. The web of the lifting member is cut out near
the pin connections to allow proper service ability of the scissor jack at its maximum and
minimum heights.

11
 Figure 15 Lifting members

e. Upper plate
Here the upper plate should with stand
the applied load

Figure 16 Upper plate

f. Driving handle
The handle is used for lifting mechanism to those applied loads by engaging the handle and
power screw driver in order to lifting and lowering the desired load.

Figure 17 Driving handle

g. Bolt

12
Is a threaded fastener designed to pass through holes in the mating members and to be secured by
tightening a nut from the end opposite head of thenut . The body of the bolt, called shank is
cylindrical in form and the head square or hexagonal in shape is formed by forging. The bolt is
used as fasteners at the various joints of the members. The existence of the jack will depend on
the ability of the pin not to fail under sudden shear, tensional and compressive forces. They are
used to hold parts together or limit travel of moving parts.

Figure 18 Bolt

h. Nut
Nut is a threaded fastener used to
hold two parts together and
nuts in general are square or
hexagonal in shape. The nuts with internal threads engage with the corresponding size of the
external threads of the bolt. For nuts, hexagonal shape is preferred to the square one, as it is easy
to tighten even in a limited space. This is because, with only one-sixth of a turn, the spanner can
be re-introduced in the same position.

Figure 19 Nut

13
 i. Washer
Washer is simply a flat, doughnut-shaped part that serves to increase the area of contact between
the bolt head or nut and the clamped part. A washer is a thin plate (typically disk-shaped) with a
hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener,
such as a screw or nut. In general, they are used for the purpose of:

 To prevent the loosening of the associated screw, bolt, and nut.

 To distribute the compressive force over areas larger than that of the head or the
nut.
 In order to decrease the friction that occurs when nut is tightened, especially when
the surface of the part is having poor surface finish.

Figure 20 Washer

1.2 Problem statement of the project

The most common problem encountered while using scissor jack is the instability of jack while
giving jerks to loosen the wheel nut. Also the common jack having small base is unable to
provide proper support on uneven surface escape, off-road and no inclination that jack is
tolerable. To overcome this problem, a project has been conducted to find the solution on how to
design a scissor jack for the car using a jack stand. A jack stand provides additional stability and
support to the scissor jack. Place the jack stand underneath the car before using the scissor jack
to lift the car. Use a larger base plate: A larger base plate can provide more stability and support
on uneven surfaces. You can make a larger base plate by cutting a piece of plywood or metal to
fit under the scissor jack.

14
1.3 Objectives of the Project
1.3.1 General Objectives of the project
The main objective of this project is to design mechanically operated simple scissor jack for
lifting light vehicle at a maximum capacity of 1500Kg and lift the light vehicle with the
minimum and maximum height of 150mm and 350mm respectively.

1.3.2 Specific Objectives of the project

The specific aim of our project are stated as follows
 To select appropriate material(bolt, nut, and washer) for machine components
 To design power screw
 To design lifting member
 To design connecting member
 To design base plate
 To design upper plate
 To design handling power
 To develop model part and assembly drawing by using SOLIDWORKS.

15
1.4 Scope and Limitations of the project
1.4.1 Scope of the project
In our project is about the designing the scissor jack. The types of car jack that we were used in
our project were mechanical scissor car jack as it is more reliable and easier to operate. The
scopes of project were on the designing 1500Kg maximum lifting capacity and Scissor jack
where it’s maximum lifting height of 350mm and a minimum height of 150mm of car jack by
using optimization concept. For optimizing the human power, the concepts that will be used in
this product by replacing with mechanically operated jack. Therefore, by this, the mechanical
advantage while lifting can be reducing. In our design we were using SOLIDWORKS software
to draw out the detailed and assemble drawing of each component of our product.

1.4.2 Limitations of the project

Limitations in our project will do only software design and analysis of scissor jack but not the
real object and do not manufacture because of the shortage of money, material requirement, time
needed to design.

16
1.5 Significance of the project
The Significance of our project will be an important engineering tool or device used in
maintenance jops.
 It would convey or give some important knowledge for the peoples who are intended to
study about it as a reference.
 Identification of those error is very important for the manufactures to take corrective
measure.
 And after finishing the designing process of scissor jack we will be able check whether
the selecting material and other factors are preferable to resist the load exerted on the
plate or not

1.6 Organization of the project

First chapter deals with Introduction explaining a jack and type car jack .The problem statement
objectives of the project, scope, limitations and significance of the project have been also present
in this chapter. Second chapter presents the literature review. This chapter covers various
developments in car jack Third chapter deals with the methodology and material selection for the
scissor jack. In this chapter, we shall discuss the commonly used engineering materials and their
properties in Machine Design. Forth chapter deals with design of analysis of scissor jack. Fifth

17
chapter deals with the result and discussions and last chapter deals with the conclusions and
recommendation.

CHAPTER TWO

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

According to Mano in 1700 has created a scissor jack model for carrying actual loads of a light
motor vehicle. The main objective is to reduce the weight of the scissor jack by changing
manufacturability and scissor jack should withstand the strength requirements [2].

According to C.S. Dhamak in 1975 researched on design, optimize and standardize the current
toggle jack to make the task easier and reliable and to avoid field failure. They mainly focused
on designing and standardization of scissor jack model of automobile L.M.V. sector and trying
for weight reduction of scissor jack with good strength. They conclude that for safe design of
screw and nut a bearing pressure need to be considered and if we take combination of different
material for each pair of screw and nut so we can find best suitable material for design at
maximum load [1].
According to Chetan S . Dhamak et al in 1982 presented their research on designing and
optimization of mechanical scissor jack at the same time maintaining its strength and service life.
After they study failure modes made a mathematical model analytically and by using software.
They concluded that scissor jack is failed due to wear of teeth on both links at lower end, Due to

18
excessive use and high impact on screw starts getting wear and head of jack starts bending due to
the fatigue load acting continuously again & again over the head [2].
According ¿ A . S . Akinwonmi in 1970 presented their work on modification of the existing motor
screw jack by incorporating an electric motor in the screw in order to make load lifting easier. In
this modified design, the power screw is rotated through its connecting gear with the pinion gear
when electrical power flows through the cigarette lighter receptacle connected to the motor,
plugged to the automobile 12 V battery source to generate power for the prime mover

19
(Motor), which transmits its rotating speed to the pinion gear meshing with the bigger gear
connected to the Power screw to be rotated with required speed reduction and increased torque to
13drive the power screw. They concluded that the modified design will have save time, faster
and easier to operate and requires less human energy [2]
Alexander et al, in 1978 A lifting device is a system that allows small force (effort) to overcome
a large force or load There are practically hundreds of uses for lift tables in manufacturing,
warehousing and distribution facilities. The Addition of this device (lift table) makes job faster,
safer and easier. Some typical Applications include; machine feeding and off-loading, product
assembly, inspection quality control repair, feeding and offloading conveyor levels. The
commonest method for operating a scissors lift is the use of a power screw [2].

20
 CHAPTER THREE

3. METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS

3.1 Methodology
The general guideline, step, procedures that are followed during designing or solving of the
problem. So this section of the report includes guideline system for solving the problem which is
stated in problem statement; with specific component such as phases, tasks, methods, techniques
and tool.

Problem identification

Concept generation

Material selection

Geometry analysis

Force analysis

To develop model by SOLIDWORKS

Figure 21 Methodology of the project

21
3.2 Materials
The knowledge of materials and their properties is of great significance for a design engineer.
The machine elements should be made of such a material which has properties suitable for the
conditions of operation. In addition to this, a design engineer must be familiar with the effects
which the manufacturing processes and heat treatment have on the properties of the materials.

3.2.1 Material Selection

The selection of a proper material, for engineering purposes, is one of the most difficult problem
for the designer. The best material is one which serves the desired objective at the minimum cost.
The following factors should be considered while selecting the material
1. Availability of the materials,
2. Suitability of the materials for the working conditions in service, and
3. The cost of the materials.

The choice of material is very important in the design of an automobile jack. The mechanical
properties of the metals are those which are associated with the ability of the material to resist
mechanical forces and load. These mechanical properties of the metal include strength, stiffness,
elasticity, plasticity, ductility, brittleness, malleability, toughness, resilience, creep and hardness.
a. Strength
It is the ability of a material to resist the externally applied forces without breaking or yielding.
The internal resistance offered by a part to an externally applied force is called *stress.
b. Stiffness
It is the ability of a material to resist deformation under stress. The modulus of elasticity is the
measure of stiffness.
c. Elasticity
It is the property of a material to regain its original shape after deformation when the external
forces are removed.
d. Plasticity
It is property of a material which retains the deformation produced under load permanently.
e. Ductility
It is the property of a material enabling it to be drawn into wire with the application of a tensile
force. A ductile material must be both strong and plastic.

22
 f. Brittleness
It is the property of a material opposite to ductility. It is the property of breaking of a material
with little permanent distortion. Brittle materials when subjected to tensile load, snap off without
giving any sensible elongation. Cast iron is a brittle material.
g. Malleability
It is a special case of ductility which permits materials to be rolled or hammered into thin sheets.
A malleable material should be plastic but it is not essential to be so strong. The malleable
materials commonly used in engineering practice (in order of diminishing malleability) are lead,
soft steel, wrought iron, copper and aluminium.
h. Toughness
It is the property of a material to resist fracture due to high impact loads like hammer blows. The
toughness of the material decreases when it is heated. It is measured by the amount of energy
that a unit volume of the material has absorbed after being stressed up to the point of fracture.
This property is desirable in parts subjected to shock and impact loads.
i. Machinability
It is the property of a material which refers to a relative case with which a material can be cut.
The machinability of a material can be measured in a number of ways such as comparing the tool
life for cutting different materials or thrust required to remove the material at some given rate or
the energy required to remove a unit volume of the material. It may be noted that brass can be
easily machined than steel.
j. Resilience
It is the property of a material to absorb energy and to resist shock and impact loads. It is
measured by the amount of energy absorbed per unit volume within elastic limit. This property is
essential for spring materials.
k. Creep
When a part is subjected to a constant stress at high temperature for a long period of time, it will
undergo a slow and permanent deformation called creep.
l. Fatigue
When a material is subjected to repeated stresses, it fails at stresses below the yield point
stresses. Such type of failure of a material is known as fatigue. The failure is caused by means of
a progressive crack formation which are usually fine and of microscopic size

23
 m. Hardness
It is a very important property of the metals and has a wide variety of meanings. It embraces
many different properties such as resistance to wear, scratching, deformation and machinability
etc. It also means the ability of a metal to cut another metal.

It is the weakening of material caused by the repeated loading of a material. For effective
performance of jack, mild steel is majorly used because of its strength, toughness and low cost. It
provides material properties that are acceptable for the application. Finally, the selected material
of steel gives a reduced weight of the jack.

Scissor jacks are usually made of material that are very strong and are suitable for withstanding
heavier load on its steel is selected as material for scissor jack because of its durability.

Table 1 Material Property of Steel

No Properties Steel

1. Density (Kg/m3) 7,8000

2. Young’s Modulus ( Mpa) 210,000

3. Yield strength ( Mpa) 360

4. Tensile strength (Mpa) 610

5. Poisson’s Ratio 0.3

There Different Materials taken are:

 ASTM A36 Mild Steel
 AISI 1045 Graded steel
 GS-52.3 Cast Steel.
 AISI 1030 carbon steel
 Stain steel

24
Table 2 Mechanical properties of material

S.No Ultimate tensile Ultimate yield Modulus of Passion ratio

strength strength elasticity
ASTM36Mild 450MPa 250MPa 200GPa 0.26
Steel
A1040Grade 565MPa 310MPa 201GPa 0.29
steel
G5-52.3 Cast 650MPa 360MPa 200GPa 0.3
Steel
Stainless steel 625MPa 205MPa
AISI 1030 521MPa 345MPa
carbon steel

25
Table 3 Material selection for each component

Components Material Properties

No
1 Base plate Stainless steel High corrosion
High strength
2 Upper plate G5-52.3 Cast
Steel High level of ductility
High strength
Wear resistance
Ease of producing component
parts
3 Lifting member GS-52.3 cast
steel
4 Connecting G5-52.3 Cast High level of ductility
member Steel
High strength
Wear resistance
Ease of producing component
parts
5 Power screw
AISI 1030 High level of ductility
carbon steel
High strength
Wear resistance

26
3.3 Working principle
As the screw section is turned, two ends of the jack move closer together. Because the gears of
the screw are pushing up the arms, the amount of force being applied is multiplied. It takes a
very small amount of force to turn the crank handle, yet that action causes the brace arms to slide
across and together. As this happens the arms extend upward. The car's gravitational weight is
not enough to prevent the jack from opening or to stop the screw from turning, since it is not
applying force directly to it. If you were to put pressure directly on the crank, or lean your weight
against the crank, the person would not be able to turn it, even though your weight is a small
percentage of cars by using screw to obtain its force for operating.

27
 Figure 22 Scissor jack Exploded

CHAPTER FOUR

4. DESIGN ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction
In this section we will be selecting a material and computing/designing each part dimension from
the given design specification.

Table 4 Specification Table

Parameters Value Unit

Weight of vehicle 1500 Kg
Maximum height of jack 350 mm
Minimum height of jack 150 mm
Maximum angle of jack 80 degrees

28
4.2 Geometry and force analysis
4.2.1 Geometry analysis
Scissor Car jack where it’s maximum lifting capacity of 350mm and a minimum height of
150mm, to find a suitable length of links and the degree of angle of a maximum and minimum
height.

Figure 23 line diagram of Scissor jack [8]

Assume: a = 20mm is common for the standard jacks for bottom and upper plates. Maximum
height jack stand is: -
Hmax= Δhmax+2 a

¿ Δhmax +40 ; where Hmax=350 mm

Δhmax=310 mm

For maximum and minimum angle of the like should be calculated.

29
 Figure 24 Angle between links [9]
sinθ=opp ⁄ hypo

Δhmax=2 Lsinθ∨¿

Δhmax=Lsinθ 1+ Lsinθ2 ; whenθ 1=θ 2=θ

L=0.5 ∆ hmax/sin ⁡θ

L=(0.5(310))/sin ⁡θ

L=155 /sin ⁡θ

We have seen above that how to calculate the values of links at maximum height and minimum
height; but in order to get exact values of the link, we should have to iterate the values of Δh of
links when angle can be varied.

Let’s θ1 = θ2 = θ = 800 Will be the maximum angle we specified

155
L= =157.4 mm
sin 80

30
 Figure 25 Angle between links [9]
When β +θ+90=180 °

θ+ β=180 ° −90 °

β=90 °−θ

To find the minimum angle we use:

Δ h min=2 Lsinθ=(150−40) mm=110 mm

since L=157.4 mm constant .
Sinθ=110 ⁄ ([2(157.4)])=0.349
thenθ=sin−1(0.349)=20.43

4.2.2 Force analysis

The force is based on assumption that the scissor lift loaded vertically symmetrical. The forces
acting on each part determined at both maximum and minimum position, and the greatest force is
considered for the designing of each part.

A. Force acting on at maximum position

The maximum capacity of scissor lift is 1500kg, so applied force (weight)
Can be calculated as:

Weight=mass × gravity
¿ 1500 kg × 9.81m/ s 2

31
 ¿ 14715 N
W

F1 F2Y F2
F1Y

α max F2X

F1X
Figure 26 Force acting on link at maximum position [10]
The compressive force acting on the links calculated by using equilibrium condition, which the
forces are resolved in to vertical and horizontal components, those are:

 Horizontal components
The forces which are acting to horizontal direction are,
∑ Fx=0
F 1 x−F 2 x=0 but F 1 x=F 1 ×cos ⁡αmax
F 2 x=F 2 ×cos ⁡α max
Then , F 1× cos ⁡αmax – F 2 ×cos ⁡αmax=0
F 2 ×cos ⁡αmax=F 1 ×cos ⁡αmax
F 2=F 1
Therefore, the force acting on each links are equal, F 1=F 2=F 3=F 4=F
 Vertical components

∑ Fy=0
F 1 y + F 2 y−w=0 , but F 1 y=F 1× sin ⁡αmax
F 2 y=F 2 × sin ⁡αmax
Then , F 1× sin ⁡αmax + F 2× sin ⁡αmax−W =0
Since , F 1=F 2=F
2 F ×sin ⁡αmax−W =0 So , F=W ⁄ 2 sin ⁡αmax

32
Then we calculated the weight above and maximum angle are
14715 N∧80 ° respectively.
14715 N ⁄ 2 sin 80=9965.96 N
So, The Force In maximum position is 9965.96N
B Force acting on links at minimum position

F1 F2Y F2
F1Y

α min F2x α min

F1X
Figure 27 Force acting on link at minimum position [10]

 Horizontal components
The forces which are acting to horizontal direction are,

⅀ Fx=0
F 1 x−F 2 x=0 but F 1 x=F 1 ×cos ⁡αmin
F 2 x=F 2 ×cos ⁡αmin
Then F 2× cos ⁡αmin−F 1× cos ⁡αmin=0
F 2 ×cos ⁡αmin=F 1 ×cos ⁡αmin
F 2=F 1
Therefore, the force acting on each links are equal, F 1=F 2=F 3=F 4=F
 Vertical components

33
The forces which are acting to vertical direction are
⅀ Fy=0

F 2 y + F 1 y−W =0 but , F 1 y=F 1 ×sin θ min

F 2 y=F 2 × sinθ min

Then , F 1× sin θ min+ F 2 ×sin θ min−W =0

Since, F 1=F 2=F

2 F ×sin θ minW =0

F=W ⁄ 2 sinθmin=14715 ⁄ 2 sin20.43=21077.87 N

F=21077.87 N

Therefore, the reaction force acting on each links at minimum position, F1 = F2 = F3 = F4 = F =

21077.87N, the force acting on each links are maximum at minimum position. And the forces
acting on links are equal to force acting point.

C Force acting on power screw at maximum position

To determine the axial forces acting on power screw, let consider axial force is “ Fs”. Form
figure given bellow by resolving forces in to vertical horizontal components we find reaction
force on power screw.

Figure 28 Reaction force on power screw

 Vertical component
The force acting on power screw
∑ F y =0

34
 F 1 y−F 2 y=0 but , F 1 y =F 1 sinϴ max
F 2 y=F 2 sin ϴ max
Then , F 1 sinϴ max−F 2 sin ϴmax
F 1=F 2=7471 N
Therefore, the force acting on power screw in the vertical direction at maximum position is zero.
 Horizontal component
The force acting on power screw to horizontal direction are
∑ F x=0
F 1 x+ F 2 x−F s=0 but , F x 1=F 1 ×cosϴ max
F x 2=F 2 ×cosϴ max
Then , F 1× cosϴ max+ F 2 × cosϴ max−F s=0
F s=2 F × cosϴmax
¿ 2 ×7471 KN cos 80
¿ 2594.65 KN
Therefore, the reaction force acting on power screw at maximum position is Fs=2594.65 N D.
Force acting on power screw at minimum position
To determine the axial forces acting on power screw, let consider axial force is “ Fs” Form figure
given bellow by resolving forces in to vertical horizontal components we find reaction force on
power screw

Θmin

θmin

Figure 29 Reaction force on power screw [11]

 Vertical components

35
The forces acting on power screw to horizontal direction are,
∑ Fy=0
F 1 y – F 2 y=0 but , F 1 y=F 1 y sinϴmin
F 2 y=F 2 sinϴmin
Then , F 1sin ϴmin – F 2 sin ϴmin=0
F 1=F 2=21077.87 KN
Since the force acting on the link at minimum position is F 1=F 2=F 3=F 4=F=21077.87 KN
 Horizontal component
The force acting on power screw to horizontal direction are
∑ Fx=0
F 1 x+ F 2 x−Fs=0 but , Fx 1=F 1× cos ϴ min
F 2 x=F 2 ×cosϴmin
Then , F 1× cosϴmin+ F 2 ×cosϴmin – Fs=0
Fs=2 F × cosϴmin
¿ 2 ×21077.87 cos 20.43=39504.12 N
4.3 Design Components of Scissor Jack
4.3.1 Design of lifting member (arms)
The web of the lifting member is cut out near the bolt and nut connections to allow proper
serviceability of the scissor jack at its maximum and minimum heights.
The life span of the jack will depend greatly on the type of materials used for each component to
avoid failure. We select GS-52.3 cast steel:
From dimension and force analysis:

Length of lifting member, (L) = 157.5mm

Force in a lifting member at minimum raising height of the jack,

(FAE)=42370.15 N
Design stress, δd = yield strength
F . s=360 /3=120 N /mm 2
δd ≥ fa 1/ A ⟹ A ≥ fa 1 /δd
A ≥ 42370.15 N /120 N /mm2 ⟹ A ≥353.1 mm 2 .
For designconsideration an area of lifting member ,( AL)=467 mm 2 will be chosen .

36
 Tensile strength , δx=fa 1 / A=42370.15 N /467 mm2=N /mm 2=90.73 MN /m2
¿ the maximum distortion energy theorem ; whereδy=0∧τxy=0.
δ=√ δx 2+δy 2−δxδy +3 τxy 2
δmax=√ 1012+0−0+3(0)=90.73 N /mm 2
The design is safe , because δd >δmax ; i . e 120 MN /m 2> 90.73 N /mm 2
Design of the links for buckling Effective length
e=l ×C ; where L=359.264 mm∧C=1.0(for pinned −pinned fixity≤¿ 157.5 ×1.0=157.5mm)
The crippling load , Pcr =F . s × F =3× 42370.15 N=127110.45 N

4.3.2 Design of upper plate

Here the upper plate should with stand the applied load. we have to select the material during the
design process in order to resist the above all loads
We select GS-52.3 cast steel material to design

Tensile strength=650 MP
Yield strength=360 MPa
Y oung modulus=E=200GPa
Passion ratio=0.3

Figure 30 upper plate lay out

c=m2 For L≤400 mm

c=(m− y ) 2 For L>300 mm
Y =radius of inertia
I =second moment order

37
 W =section modulus
Ix=first moment of area for half cross section
bx=distance between center of compressive
X =the distance of shear center ¿ axis of y− y
H=35 mm
m=40 mm
y=5 mm
t=5 mm
Diameter hole=10 mm

ˇ
First buckling since bending stress is applied onbase
σb=F ÷ A
¿ W ÷ 4 Abending
Abending=tbending× dhole
Ab=5 mm ×10 mm
Ab=50 mm 2
σ b=W ÷ 4 × 50
σ b=14715 ÷ 200
σ b=73.57 Mpa
Since σb< yield strengthis safe

To check the bending stress on load

Figure 31 Part of upper base

Use section y-y

38
 ΣF Y =0
w /2−F=0 F=w /2
F=14715/2=7357.5 N
ΣM O=0
7357.5 × x−M YY =0
M yy=7357.5 × x
At x=0
M YY =0
At x=15
M yy=7357.5 ×15
M yy=110362.5 Nmm=110.36 Nmm
From section z-z

ΣF Y =0
W /2−W −F=0
14715/2−14715−F=0
F=−7357.5 N
ΣM Z Z =0
W /2 × X 2−W (X 2− X 1)=M ZZ
X 1=H /2=20 mm
M ZZ=7357.5 × X 2−14715×( X 2−X 1) x 2=15 mm

39
 M ZZ=7357.5 ×15 mm−14715×(15−20)
110362.5−73575
M ZZ=36787.5 Nmm
M ZZ=36.7875 Nm
At x=40 mm
MZZ=7357.5 × 40 mm−14715 (40−20)
MZZ=0
Calculate shear stress due to bending moment
σb=MY /I
¿ 367875 ×2/19975
σb=430 Mpa
F . s=σy /σb
¿ 650/ 430
¿ 1.5
The material is safe since 1.5<2.5

4.3.3 Design of base plate

Here the base plate should with stand the applied load plus the whole component or linkage load
by itself, the force, we have to select the material during the design process in order to resist the
above all loads

We select stainless steel

Tensile strength=540 Mpa
Yi eld strength=965 Mpa
Young modulus=E=210 Gpa

40
 Figure 32 2D drawing of base plate [11]

Figure 33 Base plate right side views

c=b 2 For L≤400 mm
c=b−52 For L≥400 mm
h=50 mm
b=70 mm
y=6 mm
t=5 mm
r 1=5 mm
r 2=5 mm

Calculate the moment and force on lower base of any distance from one of the ends

By using section c-c

41
 Figure 34 Section view
Σ F Y =0=−7357.5+ F=0=7357.5 N

Σ𝑀𝐶𝐶=0
=−7357.5∗𝑋−𝑀=0
At X=0 Mcc=0
At X=25 mm=0.025 m
0=7357.5× 0.025−Mcc=183.9 Nm
At section d −d
FY =0
−7357.5 N +14715 N −FY =0
FY =−7357.5 N
−7357.5∗x+ w(x−25)−M =0
At x=0.025 m
ΣMdd=−257.5 Nm
At x=0.05 m
Mdd=0

4.3.4 Design of the power screws

A power screw is advice used in machinery to change angular motion in to linear and usually, to
transmit power. This must have adequate strength to with stand axial load and the applied torque.

For AISI 1030 carbon steel

Tensile strength=521 MN /m2
Yield strength=345 MN /m 2.
Factor of Safety =3

42
 Dimensional analysis

Tensile strength
The design stress , δd =
F.s

W
Total axial force in screw (F¿ , F= ; Hence, the axial force (F) in a screw is maximum when
tanθ
(θ) is minimum.
14715
F= =39504.12 N
tan 20.43

521
Design stress, δd = =173.6667 MN /m2
3
39504.12
A=F/δd =
173.6667
¿ 207.47 mm 2
A=πdc 2/4

dc=
√ √
4A
π
=
4 (207.47)
π
¿ 16.25 mm ≈ 17 mm
¿ appendices , Table A .1. say dc=17 mm standard ¿ ¿
Core diameter( dc)=17 mm
Outer diameter (do)=22 mm
Pitch( p)=5
do+dc 17+22
Mean diameter (dm )= = =19.5 mm
2 2
(dm)=19.5 mm
Root diameter (dr )=do− p

Figure35 Thread
22−5=17 mmgeometry analysis

43
 Where P= pitch of the screw
d=meandiameter of the screw
α =helix angle
P=Effort applied at thecircumference of the screw ¿ lift the load ,
W =Load ¿ be lifted ,∧¿
μ=Coefficient of friction , between the screw∧nut
¿ tan φ , where φ is the friction angle
Helix angle , tan (α )=lead /πd
Lead=p; since the screw has a single start square thread
p 5
tanα= =
πm π (19.5)
tan α=0.082
−1
¿ tan 0.082
α =4.688°
For square thread take μ ¿(0.1−0.15);take μ=0.15
Friction angle ,(ϕ)=tan−1(μ)⟹ ϕ=tan−1(0.15)
ϕ =8.53°

Force analysis

W 14715
Total axial force ∈ power screw , F= =
tan θmin tan 20.43
= 39504.119N
Effort required ¿ raises the load , Pr=W tan( α+ φ)=W tan ⁡〖(8.53+〗 4.688)
¿ 14715 × tan13.218
( Pr)=3456.25 N
Turning moment of the screw ¿ raise the load ,Tr =Pr (dm /2)=3456.25× 9.75
Tr=33698.438 Nmm
α <ϕ ,i . e 4.688 0< 8.53 0 ; the load will remain∈ position after removal of theeffort .
The e ffort required ¿ lower the load will be , Pl=W tan(α −φ)=W tan(8.530 – 4.688 0)
¿ 14715 × tan(3.842)
¿ 988.204 N

44
 The turning moment required ¿ lower the load , TL=P r × dm /2
¿ 988.204 × 19.5/2
¿ 9634.989 Nmm
Required torque ,Tf =Wdm/(2 tan ⁡θmin)× tan ⁡〖(α +ϕ 〗)
¿ 14715/(2 tan ⁡20.43)× tan ⁡13.218
¿ 4639.35 Nmm
Efficiency of thread η=(1−sin ⁡ϕ)/1+sin ⁡ϕ
¿(1−sin ⁡〖 8.53)〗/1+sin 8.53
¿ [(1−0.1478)/1+ 0.14787]
η=0.742
η=74.2%
Actualtorque required , T =Tf /η=4639.35/ 0.742=6252.49 Nmm
Strength analysis
δ all=δyl/(f . s)=(521)/3=173.6667 MN /m2
τall=[δy /2 f . s]=345/(2× 3)=345/6=57.5 MN /m2
δt =4 W /πdc 3=(4 × 14715)/(π 17 3)
¿ 3.813 MN /m 2

4.3.5 Design of Connecting member

These fasteners as used to fully transfer the applied load from the break, to the rivet, which
connects the upper arm with the fastener.
ForGS−52.3 cast steel :
Tensile strength=650 MN /m2
Yield strength=360 MN /m 2.
Fac tor of Safety=3
τall=δyt /2 F . s
¿ 650/2 ×3
¿ 108.333 MN /m2
n=4 F / π (do 2−dc 2) Pb
Pb Are bearing pressure and consider65 MPa
n=4 × 92906.8 N /π (24 2−10 2)65

45
 ¿ 5.52954 ≈ 6
Length of side member ,(l)=n × P=6× 5=30 mm
Height of side member ,(h)=2.5 × do=2.5 × 32=80 mm
ˇ shear failure of side member threads ,
for
τmax =92906.8 n × π ×dc × P/2
τmax =F /(n × π ×dc × P/2)

¿ 92906.8/6 × π ×266=6.12 MNm2

The design is safe , because τmax< τall , i. e
6.586834 MN /m2<80.83 MN /m 2

4.3.6 Design of the driving handle

The handle is used for lifting mechanism to those applied loads by engaging the handle and power
screw driver in order to lifting and lowering the desired (certain load).
We select ASTM A 36 mild steel material
σult =450 Mpa
σy=250 Mpa
n=1.5
Ssy=0.577 × σy=0.577 × 250=144.25 Mpa
σall=σy /n=250/1.5=166.667 Mpa
Considering bending moment about A
ΣMA=0
M A=F × r=250 N ×70 mm
MA=17.5 Nm
Note: It is also taken as torque since it’s due to rotational effect about A.
The combined stress due to the bending moment and torque developed can be determined as
follows:
σb =MAC/I ; where I =πd3/64 and d = 10mm, C= d/2
σb = 32MA/πd3
= 32×17.5/ π103
= 0.1782Mpa

46
 CHAPTER FIVE

5. RESULT AND DISCUSION

5.1 Result
Table 5 Result
Components Length Width Height Diameter(Di) Diameter(Do) Pitch Diameter
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1. Power 325 25 16 25
screw
2. Base plate 150 50 70
3. Bolt 20 72 10 20 12

4. Washer 10 25

5. Nut 10 20 12
6.Connecting 54 24

47
members
7. Driving 75 75
Handle
8. Lifting
members
9. Upper 50 35 40
base plate

5.2 Discussion
In this process, we perform the geometrical analysis and force analysis of the mechanical scissor
jack. Then we try to calculate stress and strength analysis for each component and we designed
power screw, connecting member, upper plate, handling power, and base plate by selecting the
appropriate material all of the mechanical scissor jack are designed by using appropriate
formulas for each and their factors of safety are checked for strength to avoid failure.

CHAPTER SIX

6 .CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1 Conclusion
In our project generally we analysis the mechanical scissor jack is feasible or applicable is safe
with safety factor 2 to 3. As we set above the result of statical structure analysis by using
computer, the total train energy and stresses on the object is displayed. Thus, our hand
calculation and the software are obeyed, so we should redesign for some error on specification as
well as calculations.The paper will include a scissor jack which carrying 1.5Kg lighting vehicle
and other same type of variants.

48
6.2 Recommendation
Besides the major achievements of the project, some other recommendation should be given for
the future work. We have some recommendations regarding the project mechanical scissor jack
design should include the shock, vibration and wobble effect in which it was delivered within
order to have accurate design results the components of the mechanical scissor jack should be
design by using Simulation software. The mechanical scissor jack should be test in laboratory
before use. Mechanical scissor jack should be checked every time before and after we use.

REFERENCES

[1] C. S.Dhamak, "DESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OPTIMAZATION OF SCISSOR JACK,"

IJAPME, 2016.

[2] M. R. P. a. S. D. Kachave, "Design and analysis ofscissor jack," International Journal of

MechanicalEngineering and Robotics Research, p. 327–335, 2015.

[3] G. a. N. K. Budyanas, Mechanical Engineering Design, 998: ISBN, 2008.

[4] D. Bajaj, "design and optimazation of scissor jack," 2016.

[5] M. R. P. a. S. D. Kachave, "“Design and analysis ofscissor jack," International Journal of

49
 MechanicalEngineering and Robotics Research, p. 327–335, 2015.

[6] D. B. a. V. A. Chetan S. Dhamak, "Design andoptimization of scissor jack," International

Journal ofAdvances in Production and Mechanical Engineering, p. 29–34, 2016.

[7] J. C. a. D. Hussain, "Designing andcalculating the stresses induced inscissors jack for
threedifferent materials," International Journal of Scientific andTechnology Research, p.
119–123, 2016.

[8] a. G. R. ] Pandra Uday Kumar, "Design and analysis of center jack for cars," International
Journal & Magazine of Engineering, Technology, Management, pp. 135-143, 2017.

[9] C. Mbohwa, "Development of a Portable Motorized Car Jack," Department of Quality

Management and Operations Management, pp. 1746-1753, 2016.

[10] A. Kulkarni, "Design And Fabrication Of Automated Motorized Mechanical Jack,"

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, pp. 1746-1753, 2017.

[11] E. E. O. N. Lonon, "Motorized jack," International Journal of Innovative Research in

Science, 2015.

[12] S. D. V. T. M. B. Nitinchandra R. Patel, "Design of Toggle Jack Considering Material

Selection of screw," Nut Combination‖, International Journal of Innovative Research in
Science, Engineering and Technology, pp. 2319-2330, 2013.

[13] S. Babu, "FABRICATION OF AN INNOVATIVE SCISSOR JACK," Indian Streams

Research Journal, p. 1, 2015.

[14] P. U. K. a. G.Ramanjulu, "Design and Analysis of Center Jack for Cars," international
Journal and magazine of Engineering, management and reserch, pp. 1476- 1479, 2015.

50
APPENDIX I PROPRERTY TABLE

Table 1 Basic dimension for square threads in mm (normal series) according to IS: 4694-1968
(Reaffirmed 1996)

51
 Table 2 Basic dimensions for square threads in mm (Fine series) according to IS : 4694 – 1968
(Reaffirmed 1996)

52
53
APPENDIX II DETAIL, ASSEMBLE DRAWING AND EXPLODED
DRAWING

54