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Electrical Symbols

The document discusses various electrical and electronic symbols used in schematic diagrams. It provides over 50 symbols including basic components like wires, switches, resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, logic gates, and more. The symbols represent electrical and electronic components and are used for drawing schematic diagrams.

Uploaded by

Samuel Ernesto Matsinhe
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© © All Rights Reserved
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125 views6 pages

Electrical Symbols

The document discusses various electrical and electronic symbols used in schematic diagrams. It provides over 50 symbols including basic components like wires, switches, resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, logic gates, and more. The symbols represent electrical and electronic components and are used for drawing schematic diagrams.

Uploaded by

Samuel Ernesto Matsinhe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical Symbols & Electronic Symbols

Electrical symbols and electronic circuit symbols are used for drawing schematic
diagram.
The symbols represent electrical and electronic components.

Table of Electrical Symbols

Symbol Component name Meaning


Wire Symbols

Electrical Wire Conductor of electrical current

Connected Wires Connected crossing

Not connected Wires Wires are not connected

Switch Symbols and Relay Symbols

SPST Toggle Switch Disconnects current when open

SPDT Toggle Switch Selects between two connections

Pushbutton Switch (N.O) Momentary switch - normally open

Pushbutton Switch (N.C) Momentary switch - normally closed

DIP Switch DIP switch is used for onboard configuration

SPST Relay
Relay open / close connection by an
electromagnet
SPDT Relay

Jumper Close connection by jumper insertion on pins.

Solder Bridge Solder to close connection

Ground Symbols
Used for zero potential reference and electrical
Earth Ground
shock protection.
Chassis Ground Connected to the chassis of the circuit

Digital / Common Ground

Resistor Symbols

Resistor (IEEE)
Resistor reduces the current flow.
Resistor (IEC)

Potentiometer (IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 3 terminals.
Potentiometer (IEC)

Variable Resistor / Rheostat


(IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 2 terminals.
Variable Resistor / Rheostat
(IEC)

Capacitor Symbols

Capacitor Capacitor is used to store electric charge. It


acts as short circuit with AC and open circuit
Capacitor with DC.

Polarized Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor

Polarized Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor

Variable Capacitor Adjustable capacitance

Inductor / Coil Symbols

Inductor Coil / solenoid that generates magnetic field

Iron Core Inductor Includes iron

Variable Inductor

Power Supply Symbols


Voltage Source Generates constant voltage

Current Source Generates constant current.

AC Voltage Source AC voltage source

Electrical voltage is generated by mechanical


Generator
rotation of the generator

Battery Cell Generates constant voltage

Battery Generates constant voltage

Generates voltage as a function of voltage or


Controlled Voltage Source
current of other circuit element.

Generates current as a function of voltage or


Controlled Current Source
current of other circuit element.

Meter Symbols
Measures voltage. Has very high resistance.
Voltmeter
Connected in parallel.

Measures electric current. Has near zero


Ammeter
resistance. Connected serially.

Ohmmeter Measures resistance

Wattmeter Measures electric power

Lamp / Light Bulb Symbols

Lamp / light bulb

Lamp / light bulb Generates light when current flows through

Lamp / light bulb

Diode / LED Symbols


Diode allows current flow in one direction only
Diode
(left to right).
Allows current flow in one direction, but also
Zener Diode can flow in the reverse direction when above
breakdown voltage

Schottky Diode Schottky diode is a diode with low voltage drop

Varactor / Varicap Diode Variable capacitance diode

Tunnel Diode

Light Emitting Diode (LED) LED emits light when current flows through

Photodiode allows current flow when exposed


Photodiode
to light

Transistor Symbols
Allows current flow when high potential at base
NPN Bipolar Transistor
(middle)

Allows current flow when low potential at base


PNP Bipolar Transistor
(middle)

Made from 2 bipolar transistors. Has total gain


Darlington Transistor
of the product of each gain.

JFET-N Transistor N-channel field effect transistor

JFET-P Transistor P-channel field effect transistor

NMOS Transistor N-channel MOSFET transistor

PMOS Transistor P-channel MOSFET transistor

Misc. Symbols

Motor Electric motor

Change AC voltage from high to low or low to


Transformer
high.

Electric bell Rings when activated

Buzzer Produce buzzing sound


Fuse The fuse disconnects when current above
threshold. Used to protect circuit from high
Fuse currents.

Bus

Contains several wires. Usually for data /


Bus
address.

Bus

Optocoupler / Opto-isolator Optocoupler isolates onnection to other board

Loudspeaker Converts electrical signal to sound waves

Microphone Converts sound waves to electrical signal

Operational Amplifier Amplify input signal

Schmitt Trigger Operates with hysteresis to reduce noise.

Analog-to-digital converter
Converts analog signal to digital numbers
(ADC)

Digital-to-Analog converter
Converts digital numbers to analog signal
(DAC)

Used to generate precise frequency clock


Crystal Oscillator
signal
Antenna Symbols

Antenna / aerial
Transmits & receives radio waves
Antenna / aerial

Dipole Antenna Two wires simple antenna

Logic Gates Symbols

NOT Gate (Inverter) Outputs 1 when input is 0


AND Gate Outputs 1 when both inputs are 1.

Outputs 0 when both inputs are 1. (NOT +


NAND Gate
AND)

OR Gate Outputs 1 when any input is 1.

NOR Gate Outputs 0 when any input is 1. (NOT + OR)

Outputs 1 when inputs are different. (Exclusive


XOR Gate
OR)

D Flip-Flop Stores one bit of data

Multiplexer / Mux 2 to 1
Connects the output to selected input line.
Multiplexer / Mux 4 to 1

Demultiplexer / Demux 1 to
Connects selected output to the input line.
4

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