CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS

1) Not Only...... But Also

Definition:
• The construction not only .... but also is called a correlative conjunction. it is used to connect and
emphasize 2 words or 2 phrases at the same position.
• We use "not only but also" to give more information.lt can be used to list adjective qualities, nouns or
verbs, to show complementary qualities, quantities or actions, events and states.

When to Use:
• We use it when we have two things and we want to give a little extra emphasis to the second thing
because it's even better, or even worse, or more surprising, or more impressive, or more shocking than the
first thing.
• The most essential rule to remember about using this structure is that two parts of speech must be
parallel.

How to Form:
1. Use it in the middle and end of the sentence: S + V + not only + Adjective + but also + Adjective
He is not only arrogant but also selfish.
Tom is not only rich but also famous.
S + V + not only + Adv + but also + Adv
John works not only quickly but also efficiently.
Thomas writes not only correctly but also neatly.
S + V + not only + Noun + but also + Noun
She is not only a novelist but also a poet.
He is not only a statesman but also a man of the people.
S + not only + V + but also + V
He not only studies hard but also works well.
She not only plays well but also writes music.
2. Use it at the beginning of the sentence: To add emphasis, we can use not only at the beginning of a
clause. When we do this, we invert the subject and the verb:
Not only + V/Adj/Noun/Adv + but (he/she) also + V/Adj/Noun/Adv Verb be/ aux (do/will/should/would
/can/ could)
Not only did she forget my birthday, but she also didn’t even apologise for forgetting it.
Not only does she speak Spanish but she also knows how to type.
Not only was it raining all day at the wedding but also the band was late.
Not only is he handsome but he is also intelligent.

Join the Sentences by Using Not Only ..... But Also

1) He has to pass a theory test. He hass to pass a practice test.
He has to pass not only the theory test but also the practice test.
2) She speaks English fluently. She translates English perfectly.
She speaks English not only fluently but also translates perfectly.
Not only does she speak English fluently but also translates perfectly.
3) The teens collected donations for the poor. They donated blood, too.
The teens not only collected donations but also blood for the poor.
4) He wants to buy a car for his son. He wants to buy a motorbike for himself.
He not only wants to buy a car for his son but a motorbike for himself.
5) He writes articles for some newspapers. He does painting and decorating
Not only does he write for some newspaper but also he does painting and decorating.
 2) Both.....and
Both ... and refers to two things or people together. it is always considered plural in a sentence.
Example Sentences;
• You can be both mother and business woman.
• Both Alice and Susan have to comply with the rules
• I used to like playing both football and basketball when I was young

3) Either.....or
Either... or is a correlative conjunction .We use either ... or for connect things which are the same types,
phrases, clauses or words.
Example Sentences;
• Either Mark or Samuel will go.
• You can either come with me now or walk home.
• They don't have enough time. They can either have breakfast or have a shower.
• You can either call me at home or the office.

4) Neither....nor
This structure, "neither ... nor", is used to connect the same kind of word or phrase in the sentence.
Neither makes a negative statement about two people or things.
Example Sentences;
• Neither Mark nor his wife is very tall.
• My sister neither drinks nor smokes.
• Neither my friends nor the bookstore has the book.
• Neither the employees nor the boss was at work

Underline the correct word.

1) Neither / Either Sarah nor her sisters are very tall.
2) I don’t like either / neither football or rugby very much.
3) John Brick is both / either thoughtful and generous.
4) The shop assistant in the shop persuaded me to buy either/both the skirt and the jacket.
5) Neither / Either Bob nor Sam went to university.
6) Adult crocodiles are either / both strong and lively.
7)You can have neither / either a cake or a doughnut, but not both!
Rewrite the incorrect sentences.
1) We can either stay in nor go out.
We can either stay in or go out.

2) I spoke to both Ann or Sally.

I spoke to both Ann and Sally.

3) She neither apologized and explained.

She neither apologized nor explained.

4) Neither Joe or Tom came to the party.

Neither Joe nor Tom came to the party.

5) Nick was both tired or hungry when he arrived home.

Nick was both tired and hungry when he arrived home
Rewrite the sentences by using the words given.

1) I like playing football. I like swimming.

a) I not only like playing football but also swimming. ( not only…..but also )
b) I like both playing football and swimming. ( both…..and )
2) Scott doesn’t like smoking. Serkan doesn’t like lying.
a) Scott likes neither smoking nor lying. ( neither…..nor )
b) Scott doesn’t like both smoking and lying. ( both…..and )
3) My mother cooks meat. My mother makes salad.
a) My mother not only cooks but also makes salad. ( not only…..but also )
b) My mother both cooks and makes salad. ( both…..and )
4) The gardener watered the flowers. He planted new trees.
a) The gardener not only watered the flowers but also planted new trees.( not only…..but also )
b) The gardener both watered the flowers and planted new trees. ( both…..and )
5) My little boy reads magazines or watches documentaries in his free time.
a) My little boy either reads magazines or watches documentaries in his free times. ( either….or)

Choose the correct answer.

1) My mother will make _____ a cake _____ tea. We have guests today.
a) either…… or
b) not only……. but also
c) neither ….. nor

2) The teacher knows playing _____ the violin _____ the guitar. He plays the piano.
a) neither…… nor
b) not only……. but also
c) either ……. or

3) We _____ drink _____ eat anything. We are full.

a) neither…… nor
b) not only……. but also
c) either …… or

4) The carpenter made _____ a wooden table _____ three chairs for us.
a) neither…… nor
b) both ….. and
c) either …… or

5) Sue has been _____ Antalya _____ İstanbul. She loves visiting different cities.
a) neither…… nor
b) not only……. but also
c) either …… or
 Talk to someone who feels the same way you do
or
does the same thing you do.

Grammar Notes Practice

Short answers with A: Molly was tidying up our flat last

Saturday when I arrived.
So + Auxiliary Verb + Subject
You: _so was I __1
or
A: She works too hard.
Neither/Nor + Auxiliary Verb +
You: _So do I _____2
Subject
A: I didn’t go surfing last weekend.
We use So or Neither/Nor auxiliary+ subject with You and your brother:
positive or negative sentences to show that we feel the Neither did we3.
same way as someone else or have performed the same A: I’m going away for a few days.
action. The auxiliary changes according to the verb tense
You and your brother: __So are
in the first sentence. Sometimes the auxiliary appears in
the first sentence. Although the subject is often the we_____
___________4
first person singular, other forms are also possible.
A: I should learn how to run on a
treadmill to lose weight.
SO…
You: ___So should I
I can have a lie-in on Sundays. A: I shouldn’t have any dessert.
SO CAN I. You: _Neither should I_6
Mary is visiting her grandparents next Saturday.
You: I’d love travelling across Australia
SO AM I.
Your uncle talking about your cousins:
We had a quiet night in last Saturday.
7
SO DID WE. _So would your cousins
I often do some gardening on Saturday mornings. You: I’ve never been abroad.
SO DO I. Your uncle talking about your cousins:
Neither have your cousins8
A: Aunt Jenny doesn’t believe being
NEITHER/NOR…
rich and attractive makes you happy.

My sister can’t ride a horse. You talking about your sister:Neither

NEITHER CAN I. does my sister _9
I haven’t had a quiet night since last year. A: I don’t think you can be happy without
NEITHER HAVE I. money.
I didn’t eat out with friends last week.
You :Neither doI_10
NEITHER DID ANYONE IN THE OFFICE.
A: I can forget all the stressful things in
They aren’t going to chat online.
life when I cook.
NEITHER ARE WE.
You: So can I11
A: I’m in my own little world when I’m in my
kitchen
.You: So am I12
A: My mum was chatting online when you
phoned last night.
13
You (about your mum):So was my mum
A: My sister loves using my computer.
You (about your sister):_So does my
sister14
A: My parents buy me lots of presents.
You (about your parents)So do mine___15