TUMATANDA NA AKO: THE QUARTER-LIFE CRISIS

PHENOMENON AMONG EMERGING ADULTS

PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL

2023
Volume: 7
Pages: 61-77
Document ID: 2022PEMJ525
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7635962
Manuscript Accepted: 2023-10-2
Psych Educ, 2023, 7: 61-77, Document ID: PEMJ525, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7635962, ISSN 2822-4353
Research Article

Tumatanda na Ako: The Quarter-Life Crisis Phenomenon Among Emerging Adults

Lhyza Perante*, Jhoana Paola Lunesto, Justine Coritana, Chloie Nicole Cruz, John Mark Espiritu,
Amor Artiola, Wenifreda Templonuevo, Jhoselle Tus
For affiliations and correspondence, see the last page.

Abstract
A quarter-life crisis (QLC) is a phenomenon that has gained widespread attention in the media and
popular literature as a result of the difficulties associated with early adulthood. This study,
"Tumatanda na Ako: The Quarter-life Crisis Phenomenon Among Emerging Adults," explored the
emerging adults’ experiences of quarter-life crisis and the meaning they make out of their experiences
of this phenomenon. The study utilized the interpretative phenomenological analysis of the qualitative
data gathered from twenty (20) respondents from a higher educational institution in Bocaue, Bulacan.
The findings have been the bases for the development of the developmental program entitled, “Know-
Now, Know-How: Unveiling the Quarter-life Crisis Phenomenon and Finding Ways to Conquer!”
and for the development of a proposed psychological assessment tool namely “Help! I Am Lost,” A
Quarter-life Crisis Scale.

Keywords: Experiences, Emerging Adulthood, Emerging Adult, Quarter-life Crisis

Introduction responsibilities, ample time to explore and seek out

opportunities, and simply take chances in life — they
are not exempt from the challenges that emerge later in
Quarter-life crisis (QLC) is a popular term for life (Shallcross, 2016). A growing interest in the study
developmental crisis episodes that arise at some point of emerging adulthood, which is a recently proposed
in early adulthood (Agarwal, 2022). It is a phase of life by Arnett in 2000, explains that
phenomenon that has gained widespread attention in individuals between the ages of 18 and 25 are already
the media and popular literature as a result of the trained or educated to be economically independent
difficulties associated with early adulthood. To be
(Hochberg & Konner, 2020). However, challenges
more specific, this entails an intense period of
brought by a sudden life transition were evident among
introspection and stress, both of which are all too
emerging adults. In most cases, they are confronted
typical among many young people who are struggling
with the truth that their life is not going on as they
to question the path that their careers, personal
intended (Brigham, 2021). That is, they are faced with
relationships, financial situations, and life's general
the possibility that they are not being true to
purpose should take. German psychologist Erik
themselves, but they are also unsure of who they are
Eriksson suspected a crisis at this point in life. He
supposed to be. As a result, they suffer from an
suggested a quarter-life crisis related to "intimacy
emotional crisis of identity and self-esteem, a
versus isolation," which was explained briefly as
related to a time to enter the "real world" and exit the phenomenon called a "quarter-life crisis" (Brigham,
protection of the family home or college campus 2021).
(Flynn, 2021). That is, a quarter-life crisis, in most
Considering the aforementioned issues, the present
cases, typically occurs in an attempt of emerging
study explored the quarter-life crisis phenomenon
adults to move away from home, find work, form a
stable intimate relationship, become financially stable, among emerging adults. Specifically, unveiling their
and a lot more. However, failing to do so could cause lived experiences and meaning-making of the situation
them instability, transition, and heightened emotions, during the quarter-life crisis provided a clear
which may leave them overwhelmed and incapable of understanding of the concept of emerging adulthood
coping (Robinson, 2016). and how the quarter-life crisis could be implicated in
this period.
Emerging adulthood is known as a period of
uncertainty. Most people in this era go through times This study endeavors to contribute to the field of
of indecisiveness and worry, during which they begin developmental psychology, particularly in the growing
to doubt their own goals, plans, and even relationships. academe of the developmental stages alongside human
Although many say it is the ideal period in a person's experiences. Interpreting the emerging adults’ lived
life — having good health, fewer worries about life experiences of quarter-life crisis will contribute to

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Research Article

Data Collection Approaches

The researchers conducted individual interviews with
each of the participants to ensure their anonymity,
further understanding of early adulthood as a hence, giving them the opportunity to respond freely
developmental stage. and honestly to the questions. In addition, in order to
ensure the participant’s psychological safety and well-
Research Questions being, debriefing was performed on each and every
one of them after they had taken part in the interview.
This study, entitled "Tumatanda na Ako: The Quarter-
life Crisis Phenomenon Among Emerging Adults," Following the research ethics, the researchers secured
aimed to explore the quarter-life crisis phenomenon informed consent from the respondents before the
among emerging adults. In particular, the graduating interviews. The informed consent was provided via
college students at a selected college school in Bocaue, Google Form, as the data collection was facilitated
Bulacan, A.Y 2022-2023. Specifically, this study during a worldwide pandemic; thus, personal
sought to answer the following questions: interaction is not permitted.

1. What are the lived experiences of emerging adults Upon obtaining the participants’ consent, they were
during the quarter-life crisis? subjected to a one-on-one interview through Google
2. What meanings do emerging adults make out of Meet using the interview guide created by the
their experiences of the quarter-life crisis? researchers. This instrument includes a series of
questions designed to elicit participants' lived
experiences of quarter-life crisis and the meanings
Methodology they make out of these experiences. The interview
questions were examined and validated thoroughly by
This section features the strategies of inquiry, experts.
respondents of the study, data collection approaches,
After collecting qualitative data from the participants,
and data analysis procedures that are utilized to
the responses were transcribed, coded, organized, and
generate the results of this study.
interpreted. Finally, the result of the gathered data was
Strategies of Inquiry summarized and analyzed according to the research
objectives.
The study utilized the Phenomenological Research
Data Analysis Procedure
strategy of inquiry, a type of qualitative research that
aims to comprehend and characterize the universal
Data analysis is defined in qualitative research as the
core of a phenomenon (Ho & Limpaecher, 2022).
systematic search and organization of interview
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to
transcripts, observation notes, and other non-textual
explore and make meanings out of the quarter-life
materials. It entails making sense of massive volumes
crisis experiences among emerging adults.
of data by first lowering the volume of raw data, then
discovering significant patterns, and ultimately
Respondents of the Study
interpreting the data (Nowell, Norris, White, &
The respondents of this study were emerging adults of Moules, 2017). In the present study, Interpretative
20 to 22 years of age. They are students who are in the Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyze
final year of their college education in a higher the gathered qualitative data.
educational institution in Bocaue, Bulacan in the
Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is a
academic year 2022 to 2023. They met the criteria
qualitative thematic approach developed within
formulated for identifying and screening prospective
psychology and underpinned by an idiographic
participants: (1) Within the age range of 18 to 25 years
philosophy, thereby focusing on the subjective lived
old; (2) In the final year level of their college
experiences of individuals (Love, Vetere, & Davis,
education; and (3) Demonstrated commitment to
2020). IPA is about human experience at its deepest
participating in the study by giving informed consent.
level of pathos and understanding the essence of a
studied phenomenon. It is a useful tool for examining
data that tries to see what is important to the
participant and how they interpret and view their own
lives and experiences (Turner, 2017). Further, utilizing
the IPA approach in a qualitative research study

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Research Article

reiterates the fact that its main objective and essence succeed in life because they believe that their family
are to explore the lived experiences of the research relies on them. Specifically, the majority mentioned
participants and allow them to narrate the research that they felt like, when they turned 18 years old, their
findings through their lived experiences (Alase, 2017). family immediately expected them to be the ones who
That being the case, this research approach was would take them out of poverty and hardship and that
beneficial to the study as it gave researchers the best they felt like they were responsible for carrying out all
opportunity to understand the innermost deliberations of their family’s problems. When asked about how
of the lived experiences of research participants. As an they see themselves as a member of their family, a
approach that is participant-oriented, the interpretative respondent answered:
phenomenological analysis approach allows the
interviewees (research participants) to express "Para sa’kin ano eh, nakaka-pressure kasi panganay
themselves and their stories the way they see fit din ako."
without any distortion and/or prosecution (Alase,
2017). This statement, however, also revealed how the
respondent made sense of his role as the "inaasahang
anak." Specifically, he said:
Results
"Kailangan ko din mag hirap para sa mga kapatid ko
at pamilya ko."
Following the data-gathering procedure, the analysis
generated three superordinate themes that account for
Being the eldest child is more than just being born first
the self-reported experiences and interpretations of the
among all of the siblings. The respondent realized that
respondents on the occurrence of the phenomenon
as the family's eldest child, it was now his duty to
called the quarter-life crisis. These extracted three
shoulder the responsibilities that his parents are unable
superordinate themes are written as the following: (1)
to carry.
experience in taking the role of the “inaasahang
anak”; (2) experience in overthinking about the future; Similarly to this, another respondent talked about her
(3) and experience in finding coping strategies. experiences of being pressured in relation to her role
as the eldest child and how she makes sense of this
Experience in Taking the Role of the “Inaasahang reality now that she was about to graduate from
Anak” college. In her words, she stated:

The first superordinate theme focuses on the “May nararamdaman ng kaunting pressure kase
experiences of the respondents in relation to taking on syempre dalawang sem nalang gragraduate na…
the role of "inaasahang anak." The majority of the parang maraming nag eexpect sayo na after ng
respondents admitted that their experiences as either grad dapat may stable na job kana.”
the eldest child in their family or the current or
expected breadwinner in the future put an amount of Moreover, she added:
pressure on their shoulders. These instances become
worse for other respondents who have not yet figured "Ako yung panganay samin so parang wala naman
out their future. Some admitted that being pressured by silang sinasabe sakin pero ramdam mo na parang
the role they tend to play in their family forces them to after ng graduation kailangan mo na ng stable job kasi
do things such as choosing their career in college even ikaw naman yung magpapa-aral sa kapatid mo."
if it is not part of their plan. Some also talk about their
desire to become independent yet admit that Both of the respondents admitted their tendency to feel
considering that issue makes them feel guilty, while pressured as they take on the role of being the
others reveal that they feel overwhelmed by the breadwinners of their families. This reality, moreover,
responsibilities that their role has brought them. Under forces them to do things not for their own benefit but
this main theme, respondents' experiences can be for their families, such as taking jobs while still
broken down into three subthemes: feelings of being studying, doing well in school to secure a better future,
pressured; feelings of guilt for desiring independence; and taking on the responsibilities of their parents, such
and feelings of being overwhelmed by responsibilities. as looking after their siblings. Their experiences
further provided them with an understanding of the
Feelings of being pressured. In this subtheme, role they are taking. They were able to make sense and
respondents talk about how they feel pressured to make meaning of their experiences, which affects their

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Research Article

behavior as emerging adults. "Yung mga experiences ko na yon parang ililihim ko

pa sa parents ko na gumagala ako, sasabihin ko na
These findings were supported by the study of Riñoza lang sa parents ko pag umuwi ako para di nila maisip
(2017), which stated that those who take on the role of
na may pera ako. Tas minsan nagsisinungaling ako na
"Inaasahang Anak" face a number of difficulties,
kunyari libre lang pero pera ko talaga yung
including the following: feelings of inadequacy;
feeling pressured to find success; the necessity to ginagastos ko."
prioritize their family before their own needs and
desires; the perception of unfair demands or But when asked about how he feels toward his actions,
expectations; and their inadequate financial means. the respondent admitted that:
Additionally, another study indicated the tendency of
"Nagi-guilty kasi syempre kahit gusto mong unahin
young adults to feel like they have committed
themselves to take on all the responsibilities, yung sarili mo... parang pag nauna mo nga yung sarili
especially those of family, once they turn into adults mo pero maiisip mo rin yung parents mo, yung mukha
and that they are expected to care for their parents the nila parang di maipinta ganun, parang hindi sila
same way their parents cared for them (Fortis, 2020). masaya ganun na parang inuna mo yung sarili mo.
Kaya parang guilt."
Feelings of guilt for desiring independence. In this
subtheme, respondents discussed their tendency to When the respondents decide to become selfish for
hold back on doing things, such as leaving their homes once, keeping their money for themselves, for
to become independent. The majority of the instance, makes them feel guilty and have no sense of
respondents are caught in this situation where in any happiness about what they did at all. In this case, the
decision or path they desire to take, they still have to findings revealed the tendency of the respondents to
consider if such a thing would benefit their loved ones, feel guilty just because they want to prioritize
specifically with regards to leaving their homes to live themselves, even though they don’t need to feel guilty
on their own. A respondent talked about his at all. The quarter-life crisis, as research suggests,
experiences considering the decision to live alone and takes place in such a way that a person feels unrightful
how his family affected his decision-making. In his to have leisure, for instance, when in fact, there is
words, he said: really nothing wrong with feeling that way upon
adulting. Unfortunately, this experience causes
"...kino-consider ko is yung makaka-benefit ba pati sa emerging adults to have a hard time isolating
mga tao sa paligid ko, pangalawa is hindi ba magsu- themselves from their families or identifying
suffer kung sino yung mga kasama ko talaga everyday themselves outside of their community.
life."
These findings corroborated the study by Sharpe
And when asked about the reasons behind his (2022), which revealed that young adults tend to
considerations when making decisions, the respondent experience a sense of being trapped in some form of
said that: commitment, which makes them unfocused, terrified
to make any decisions, or thinking only about negative
"Kasi di ba ang hirap? Nakaka-guilty naman na gawin things upon taking some sort of action. That being the
yung isang bagay tapos sumasaya ka pero yung iba case, it is possible for a person to experience the
hindi." feeling of being powerless over their lives, and that
factor restricts their alternatives and prevents them
In light of this statement, as the respondent interpreted from moving forward. And this matter was, sadly, also
his experiences as "inaasahang anak," he placed prominent among young adults. That is, according to
himself in a position where he believed he had no right Ghiladurcci (2020), young adults often feel that they
to think only about himself and that such happiness for cannot make their own decisions because they have to
him alone was forbidden. Even though he really put the needs of their families first. They also feel
wanted to live on his own, thinking about his family pressured whenever their family expects them to do
and how they would feel if he left kept him from something, and when they fail to do so, they will feel
actually leaving their home. Moreover, some of the guilty as they believe they have a moral obligation to
respondents expressed their desire for independence in provide for their family.
a form of keeping money from their parents and trying
to do things on their own. Specifically, a respondent Feelings of being overwhelmed by responsibilities.
stated that: In this subtheme, there is a focus on the mental and

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Research Article

emotional aftermath of the process of entering Although the respondent completely acknowledges the
adulthood. Responsibilities are now being thrown at need for her to take over the role of looking out for her
the respondents as people expect them to become more brother, when asked about her thoughts toward her
accountable for their futures as well as their families' situation, she admitted that:
lives, even though they are still students in college. As
they do not feel ready to take on the adult role yet, "Di naman sa maaga pero yung ganung age dapat
they feel o v er wh elm ed by the numb er of naglalaro ka pa, pero ayun nagbabantay ka na ng
responsibilities they have to attend to and every kapatid mo."
decision they ought to make. A respondent mentioned
that: The respondent further talked about how she feels
envious of her classmates—seeing them achieve a lot
"To be honest nakaka-overwhelmed kasi syempre in life already while she, on the other hand, still has to
ano... yung responsibility na hindi mo naman dapat na attend to her family duties. Her confusion about
dati ginagawa ay ginagawa mo na ngayon." whether to prioritize her role in their family or to work
on her role as becoming an adult overwhelmed her.
And when asked about how he feels toward these
experiences, the respondent explained that: Taking the aforementioned statements into
consideration, the findings revealed that the majority
"Since 4th year college ako di ba then 22 years old, of the respondents are having difficulty determining
uhmm too young to... para mag-trabaho and dapat ine- where they should be in their lives and are feeling
enjoy ko muna yung mga company ko na mga discouraged and unmotivated after discovering that
kaibigan ko ayan, pamilya ko. Pero ngayon they have already failed to reach that point in their
lives. They were caught in a situation of uncertainty,
nagtatrabaho na tayo…naka-ilang trabaho na. Dati
questioning, and intense soul-searching—a
naglalaro ka lang di ba? Ganun sobrang hirap."
phenomenon called a quarter-life crisis.
With regard to this statement, it was revealed that the
According to Matud, Díaz, Bethencourt, and Ibáñez
process of transition from adolescence to young (2020) in their study, emerging adulthood is a pivotal
adulthood causes the respondent to feel overwhelmed
time in a person's life that is marked by several
by the responsibilities he suddenly has to do, such as transition periods, including changes in living
working while studying. Although he acknowledges
situations, relationships, education, and work life,
the reality that working is what he has to do in order to
wherein these changes have the potential to cause the
help his family, he finds this situation challenging emerging adult to experience stress and psychological
considering that he believes he is still too young to
discomfort. Likewise, people in this age face moments
work or to experience all of that in general. of instability, transition, and heightened emotion that
are often generated when an individual takes
For another respondent, however, it was found that the
significant and deliberate efforts to settle into a stable
sudden transition had nothing to do with her tendency
set of life responsibilities but then encounters
to feel overwhelmed by responsibilities, as she had
problems that leave them feeling overwhelmed and
already dealt with these experiences earlier in life.
incapable of coping (Robinson, 2017).
Nevertheless, later in life, it came to her senses that
everything is becoming too much for her. In this
Experience of Overthinking About the Future
matter, the respondent explained her role in taking care
of her younger brother. In her words, she said that: The second superordinate theme pertains to the
hardships of an emerging adult in the middle of a
"...growing up, malaki kasi yung age gap ko sa little
quarter-life crisis. The respondents discussed the
brother ko, 7 years, e parehas working ang parents ko. difficulties they faced as developing adults going
So si kuya naman 10 years ang gap nila nung bunso. through this phenomenon. The majority of them felt
So sino bang maasahan? Kung sino yung mas malapit anxious about what was going to happen in their
sa brother so ako." future. They still feel inept at navigating their lives on
their own. Some even admitted that even though they
Additionally, she continued: are aiming for a certain goal, which is to have a better
life, in particular, picturing their lives in detail is still
"Nandun yung parang sense of kailangan kong maging hard for them. Some of the respondents, on the other
ate." hand, revealed their experiences related to stagnation.

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Specifically, their experiences amidst a quarter-life Ako talaga yung tao na go with the flow kasi
crisis made them conclude that they were indeed living naniniwala ako sa uncertainties ng buhay. Siguro
a stagnant life. Under this main theme, respondents' kung may gusto man akong gagawin, siguro gagawin
experiences can be broken down into two subthemes: a ko na lang din yung best ko to pursue that dream or
feeling of inability to find life's purpose; and a
career in the future."
perception of stagnation.
But when asked about how she felt about this matter,
Feeling of inability to find life's purpose. This
she answered:
subtheme explains how the respondents tend to have
hazy plans for their future. Despite the fact that they "Siguro anxious din kase di mo talaga alam yung
are graduating college students, some of them have not
mangyayare in the future. Kumbaga ineexpect mo
yet considered planning or have not yet figured out
yung mangyayare sayo, what if iba yung kakalabasan
what they want to do with their lives in the near future.
non? So medyo nakakakaba din."
The majority of respondents expressed confusion
about their situations, as they continue to question
The respondent admitted that she tried not to put too
what the future holds for them. When asked about
much pressure on herself when finding out her life's
what their plans for the future are and how they decide
purpose. Although her experiences related to this
to pursue them, a respondent answered:
matter are not as clear as those of her peers, she still
feels motivated to continue. However, as she
"Yun nga din eh. Hindi ko pa din alam, kasi hanggang
understood her situation, she also admitted that it made
ngayon iniisip ko kung ano mangyayari sa'kin"
her feel worried at some point. That is, being unsure
about one's life is indeed concerning.
According to the respondent, her experience in sorting
out her future has never been easy. Her statement also The majority of the respondents acknowledge that
revealed how she struggles to decide what courses of there will be uncertainty in their daily lives in the
action she must take or how she would map out her future and that they will have difficulty determining
plans according to a future that she barely has an idea their purpose. Consequently, they admitted that it often
of. leads them to be anxious and confused since they
believe that they are now in such a crucial period of
Additionally, when asked about her thoughts regarding
their lives and that planning out their future is a must,
this matter, in her words, she said:
especially since they have no idea about what is going
to happen in their lives.
"Parang ngayon ano focus muna ko sa kung ano
meron kasi di ko rin naman kasi masasabi na This finding is supported by Flynn (2021), wherein he
mangyayari ba to pag plinano ko. Pano kung may iba stated in his study that quarter-life crises,
palang nakalaan para sakin di ba?" unfortunately, are becoming all too common in
society, as many young people battle with questions
The respondent realized that when they reached the about the direction of their careers, relationships, and
point where they needed to face the transitions that general life purpose. Further, emerging adults are
may happen as they went along in adulthood, it unfamiliar with the feelings of instability,
became much more difficult to know their purpose and ambivalence, and extreme powerlessness that
figure out what they really wanted to do in life. Their accompany adulthood because their lives have been
experiences regarding this matter made them realize relatively predictable until graduation from university
the value of focusing on the "now." Even though they (Robinson, 2016). That being the case, while many
couldn't plan their future, this kind of behavior was young adults struggle to prepare for productive jobs, it
their way to deal with feeling like they were falling can also be challenging for them to build secure
behind. careers (Gonser, 2018).

In a similar way, one of the respondents who had the Perception of Stagnation. In this subtheme, the
same experience talked about a time when she didn't perception of stagnation or a life where you feel stuck
know what her purpose was and how she dealt with and seemed to be neither moving backward nor
those uncertainties. She said: advancing towards a certain cue in life was explained.
Several respondents faced stagnation in life, which
"Actually kasi ako yung klase ng tao na hindi ko they explain as a tendency to feel motionless and
talaga iniisip kung ano yung mangyayare sa future ko. unmotivated. Some mentioned that they tend to feel as

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if nothing motivates them to act. It is as if their life is motivates him/her enough to take sustained steps
moving to a rest. Things are sophomoric and toward it. A person feels exhausted when they take on
repetitious because of how they are done and because too many things that don’t come naturally. In a
the results are as predicted. A respondent revealed her literature review written by Brigham (2021), it was
experience with the same phenomenon. She stated: revealed that millennial graduates in 2008 experienced
career stagnation after repeatedly losing their jobs and
"Well, nape-pressure ako since wala pa kong failing to establish a solid career path. Many young
masyadong achievement dito sa edad na meron ako adults have been thrown into a spiral as a result of the
ngayon, and also yung life ko… very stagnant, parang lack of career opportunities, the inability to travel, and
nagiging routine na lang." being compelled to stay at home. This has caused
many to question what the point of all of their years of
The respondent explains how she felt so unmotivated hard work has been (Brigham, 2021).
to continue moving forward as she felt like her life was
running like a cycle, remaining unchanged despite Experience in Finding Coping Strategies
everything she had done. In a similar situation, another
respondent mentioned: This superordinate theme focuses on the experiences
of the respondents in finding various coping
"Nandun ako sa point ng buhay ko na nag e-explore techniques to adopt in order to cope with their
ako and parang alam mo yun... hindi ako naka-stuck, detrimental experiences and approaching issues
brought about by the quarter-life crisis. The
gumagalaw ako pero hindi rin—hindi ko pa rin
respondents acknowledged that they encountered
nararating yung gusto kong papuntahan."
numerous obstacles as emerging adults. And such
issues include doubting their ability to continue their
As observed in both responses, the respondents
lives and contemplating their future ambitions—a
described their lives as emerging adults as still being
phenomenon called a quarter-life crisis. These
stuck in the process of exploring adulthood. Although
negative feelings led them to seek comfort and find a
they are making efforts to prepare for that particular
means to continue—thus, bringing about these four
phase of life—it was as if they were present,
subthemes: determination to pursue dreams; finding
preparing, and attempting to be ready, but they are still
social support; having faith in God; and validating
not there yet but are only in one phase. And for these
emotions and break needs.
reasons, the respondents in the same situation feel
stuck and unmotivated.
Determination to pursue dreams. This subtheme
discussed the respondents' unwavering will to pursue
Moreover, when asked about their thoughts regarding
their dreams and aspirations. The respondents admitted
this matter, someone explained that:
that the ways they live their lives in college are not
"Medyo kinakabahan kasi nga di ba ano ayaw natin what they expected, as they had hoped for a more
defined and concrete mapping of their plans at this age
mag-fail sa buhay and syempre ang pagfefail kasama
but had failed to do so. Despite this, however, what
na talaga yan and normal lang din yan. So
motivates them to continue is their dream of pursuing
kinakabahan ako pero uhm hinihiling ko din na kung and achieving more for a better life. And, regardless of
hindi man umayon yung mga gusto kong mangyari sa whether what they are pursuing is what they really
mga pangarap ko, uhm maging handa ako emotionally want or not, they still want to continue and succeed in
kung paano ko iha-handle." life. One respondent shared her thoughts about how
she remains motivated, mentioning that:
In light of this statement, as the respondent
acknowledges these experiences in her life, which "...yung mga gusto kong mangyari sa buhay ko di ba
include failure, in particular, she comes to the parang uhm... kasi dadating ka naman talaga sa point
conclusion that this reality is bound to happen at some na "Ayoko na ang hirap, hindi ko na talaga gusto"
point in everyone's lives. And if that thing happens to ganon. Pero magiging positive kapag—kapag iniisip
her, she hopes that she was able to prepare herself
mo yung "Ay ganito nga pala yung mga plano ko," "Ay
prior to facing the consequences of possible stagnation
ganito nga pala yung gusto kong mangyari sa future
and that the failure may not be too detrimental for her.
ko, ganto yung gusto kong makita after ilang years"
According to Ambrose (2021), stagnation happens ganyan. Saka yung state ko rin ngayon, hindi ko gusto
when a person doesn’t have anything in life that yung ganito, I want more."

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In light of this statement, upon understanding her visualizing a brighter future delivers a significant
experiences amidst the quarter-life crisis, the existential benefit: it acts as a technique for
respondent emphasizes her firm belief that despite discovering purpose in life.
these detrimental issues upon her development, she
can continue and have the right result because she Finding social support. When the respondents began
wanted to have more of life, she wanted to be better to question their lives again, feeling anxious and
and attain personal development, and she believes in unsure of which path to take or whenever they felt lost,
her own capabilities that she will actually achieve all receiving social support was one of their keys to
of her dreams. returning on track. A respondent stated that she
reaches out to other people with a positive mindset for
Moreover, another respondent said that he remains support when she sees that she can no longer keep up
motivated and fuelled to do everything and give his her optimistic viewpoint about the future. She
best efforts for the welfare of the people around him. mentioned that being surrounded by people who share
He wanted to give them a better life and stop the her mindset and are as mature as she is allows her to
generational suffering that their family has been be reminded of what she truly fights for in life. And
enduring for a very long time. When asked about his thus, it pushes her to strive once more. Specifically,
experiences concerning this matter, he said that: she said that:

"Ang ginawa ko maging masipag..." "...there are times na kailangan mo lang din talagang
kumausap ng mga tao na mas... sing-mature... merong
The respondent explained that even if he wanted to
same din nang pag-iisip sayo ganon."
look for a job to support their family, his role as the
eldest and second parent to his sibling and an athletic
And when asked about her reason for doing so, she
scholar in college prevented him from having spare
said that:
time to look for a job. Given that, what he decided to
do was to study hard and do well in school so that his
"So kapag ganun kasi parang magkakaron ka
scholarship would not be put to waste and that a better
din—parang babalik ka dun sa "Oo nga pala dapat
future could be created for their family.
ipagpatuloy mo yung mga gagawin mo kasi oo nga
When asked about his thoughts regarding his situation, pala kung ganito ganyan"... maganda rin yung nasu-
the respondent reasoned that: surround ka ng mga taong positive din and may
mature na pag-iisip."
"...kailangan mo lang talaga maging positive kasi nga
napakarami ng responsibilidad na kailangan mong This statement refers to her moment of realization after
gawin; kailangan pagbutihan yung pag-aaral mo, talking to someone. Receiving social support in times
kailangan mo maging masipag at the same time. Ang of difficulty may come in various forms, but
ginawa ko maging masipag para yung [magiging] regardless, the respondent felt grateful to have
anak ko di maranasan yung naranasan ko, at the same someone as she coped with the challenges posed by
the quarter-life crisis. In a similar vein, another
time, makabili ng bahay. Sabi ko nga sa sarili ko "Ito
respondent mentioned that:
na... itong generation na to, ito na yung last na
magkakaroon ng pamilya namin ng mahirap." "Nagagawa kong magpatuloy, siguro dahil sa mga
taong nagpupush sakin or nag iinspire sakin na kaya
Through the means of continuous pursuit of their
ko to ganyan. Parang sa kabila ng mga nangyare din
dreams, the respondents were reminded of their
desired kind of life. They were being reminded of what sakin, ayon, nagiging... naaachive ko din yung goal
they had been fighting for since the beginning. And ko"
those aspirations or people who became their source of
motivation are what keep them strong enough to face For both of the respondents, having the most
life's battles, no matter how difficult they are. significant people in their lives—people who can help
them become more positive and better people—is
These findings were supported by the study of Tilburg enough to make them eager to achieve their goals.
and Igou (2019), which postulated and tested that Even though they recognize that they still lack
people's forecasts of a brighter future than the present something and are not confident enough to continue
serve a vital function: they give meaning to life. what they started, seeing the people who are close to
Moreover, the findings of this study demonstrated that them gives them the strength to fight for their lives. It

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Research Article

motivates them to think that there is someone who ko—kapag nag-give up. Kayo nga kaya niyo e, edi ako
depends on them and believes in their potential, and kaya ko din."
most especially that there will be people who will
support them in every single way. She emphasizes how God kept her from quitting and
how her faith influences her will to continue.
These findings were supported by Andayani's (2020)
study, which determined that social support provided Alexander (2018) mentioned in her article that
to individuals will assist them in implementing spending uninterrupted time in prayer and listening to
effective coping techniques to overcome the crisis they God may provide you with greater insight into your
are facing. This study explains that the family is the future steps. However, this is not really the case with
closest support system for early-adolescent individuals the study of Torralba, Oviedo, and Canteras (2021),
and that a well-functioning family could help these which investigated the positive and healthy role of the
individuals face the crisis. Additionally, the study of religious dimension in the development of
Orben, Tomova, and Blakemore (2020) theorized and adolescence. Although one group demonstrated
tested that the adolescent stage of life is marked by an positive religious coping, the other group of students
enhanced sensitivity to social stimuli and a greater appeared to be expressing spiritual dissatisfaction or
need for peer interaction. In particular, this study possibly spiritual conflict. The study further suggested
showed that acceptance by peers and being influenced that there are several things that must be dealt with in
by peers are important to the development of early order to grow up and become an adult. In such
adolescence. struggles, even those that involve religious or spiritual
beliefs, the role of faith is often unclear and seen as
Having faith in God. Some of the respondents stated useless or disappointing.
that, at such a time when the anxiety and confusion
about their lives overtook their will to continue, they Validating emotions and break needs. Some of the
sought comfort from God. A respondent mentioned respondents mentioned that despite having a lot to
that: think about and worry about in their adulting lives,
they still never forget to take a pause, breathe, and
"Kumakapit talaga ako sa kay God, alam mo yon? make the most of their moments. One even mentioned
Kase during those down moments kase talaga parang that in order for her to avoid overthinking:
every day kailangan kong may panghugutan ng lakas
ganyan, so, sa Kaniya lang talaga." "I meditate, I do journal every night, I read. Tapos
ano, nilalayo ko talaga yung sarili ko sa bagay na
When asked about what motivates her to keep going ayaw ko."
despite all the challenges brought on by the quarter-life
crisis, the respondent was brought to tears while trying The respondent was able to resort to this kind of
to answer. She admitted that adulting has never been coping strategy as she began to realize the importance
easy for her and that this matter had caused her to have of taking a pause when necessary. In her words, she
suicidal thoughts and attempts. But God, as she said:
explained, prevents her from doing so. And the current
situation that she is in has made her realize that: "Kung napapagod ka, be honest to yourself. Hindi
yung sakit pa yung magdudulot sa’yo para mag-
"Ibibigay ni Lord yan kung kailan handa ka na, kaya pahinga."
mo nang i-grab yung blessing na ibibigay niya sa’yo."
Her previous experiences with challenges, including
The respondent indicates that even though she is in the the quarter-life crisis, made her understand the
middle of confusion about her life—feeling lost about importance of taking care of one's self and not thinking
which path to take—she believes that God is just of one's life as a race. Similarly, the respondent
waiting for her to be ready. And that when that time emphasizes that becoming more aware of what her
comes, God will clear her mind and direct her to the body needs really helps her to continue moving
path He wants her to take. Someone also shares about forward.
her fear of God’s disappointments and how it keeps
her awake from her suicidal thoughts: The same case was discussed by another respondent.
Specifically, she shared that recognizing emotions and
"…and I always think of how God will be disappointed then allowing the 'self' to feel them until becoming
in me kung magiging ganun lang yung buhay okay can help in coping better. Sometimes in life, as

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she explained, people do not need someone to intelligence, maximizing decision-making style, and
motivate them; instead, there are times that people just self-esteem. Positive thinking was highlighted as the
need to listen to themselves and then eventually feel study's primary theme. Respondents underlined the
better. Aside from validating their feelings, some adaptive advantages of controlling one's thoughts in
respondents also acknowledged that they needed a order to cultivate appreciation, be more sympathetic to
break in order to deal with the quarter-life crisis. A oneself, and shift negative thinking patterns by
respondent mentioned that: focusing on the positive. The results revealed a
correlation between coping strategies and mental
"Yung mga maliliit na mga bagay kong ginagawa, processes. The findings suggested that the respondents'
kunwari simpleng pagfa-fan kay Taylor, nakaka- ability to actively adjust or control their thoughts
motivate sakin; simpleng panonood ng movie, nakaka- correlated with their ability to manage a crisis.
motivate sakin. Kahit sobrang busy ko gumagawa pa
din ako ng kaunting oras para dun sa mga bagay na
Discussion
yun."

She emphasizes that, aside from the drive that she gets The quarter-life crisis phenomenon makes the day-to-
from her family, she manages to continue with her life day lives of emerging adults extremely challenging. As
because of her hobbies and the things that make her revealed by the study, the majority of the respondents
happy—further indicating that sometimes a little felt burdened as they were experiencing becoming the
escape through them can be very helpful for her. "inaasahang anak." This further leads them to have a
Another one also expresses their thoughts about the hard time making decisions as they tend to consider
importance of taking pauses, setting limits, and taking what is beneficial for their loved ones all the time. The
little steps to attend to commitments and how it can be findings revealed that most of the respondents felt
helpful in managing, coping with, and avoiding pressured to succeed in life because they believed that
burnout brought on by the quarter-life crisis. their families relied on them. Specifically, the majority
Specifically, the respondent mentioned that: mentioned that they felt like, when they turned 18
years old, their family immediately expected them to
"Kapag nakikita ko, nata-track ko na ay sobra na be the ones who would take them out of poverty and
naman akong nagwo-worry sa ano sa bagay na... hardship and that they felt like they were responsible
kumbaga iniisip ko na sana 2 years nasa akin na tong for carrying out all of their family’s problems.
bagay na to... ano, ang ginagawa ko is bini-busy ko Moreover, some respondents also talked about their
yung sarili ko para ma-distract ako." tendency to feel guilty over their desire for
independence. According to their statement, one of the
And when asked about her reason for doing it, the factors that held them back from actually leaving their
respondent explained that: homes was their family. They acknowledge their role
as the "inaasahang anak" and that is why they feel like
"Kasi kapag inisip ko nang inisip, magiging worst pa living independently was not appropriate and that
yung scenario na nasa isip ko and ako lang din yung desiring it is just an act of selfishness. Aside from
magsu-suffer kaya dini-distract ko yung sarili ko these experiences, it was revealed that a small number
kapag ayun... kinakabahan ako about future." of respondents felt overwhelmed by the number of
responsibilities that they have as "inaasahang anak."
Taking all of their experiences into consideration and They were specifically caught in a situation where they
in an attempt to reduce their detrimental impact on were unsure whether they should prioritize working or
their development, the respondents' understanding of studying in particular. Doing both things at the same
this matter brought them to the conclusion that time, however, causes a detrimental impact on their
imposing coping strategies is a vital factor in dealing development.
with the quarter-life crisis.
In light of the respondents' experiences concerning
These findings were supported by Walsche's (2018) their tendency to overthink their future, it was found
study, which examines a potential crisis phase during that the majority of the respondents admitted that
the early adulthood developmental stage, termed the finding their purpose in life had never been easy. That
quarter-life crisis. This study also analyzes the is, their fear of future uncertainties made it difficult for
association between the criterion measure of coping them to map out their plans and have expectations for
self-efficacy and three predictor variables: emotional the future. Additionally, experiences concerning the

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Research Article

respondents' perception of stagnation were another situation, they tended to overthink their future, which
thing revealed in the study. The respondents admitted caused them to feel unable to find their life purpose,
that they are having difficulties moving forward as and when they discovered that they had not reached
they feel like their lives are stuck and only rotational. their desired point of success in life, they felt
They believe that they should be somewhere already, demotivated or stagnant. (3) Regardless of the
at the current point in their lives, but yet they have difficulties, their determination to pursue their dreams,
failed to be there—thus, causing them to feel finding social support, having faith in God, and
unmotivated. becoming more aware of themselves, such as
acknowledging their emotions and recognizing what
The last set of experiences found in the study were the their bodies needed, supplied them with immense
experiences of the respondents in finding coping motivation to continue persisting in life.
strategies as they dealt with the challenges brought by
a quarter-life crisis. As revealed by the study, the Moreover, based on the findings and conclusion of the
quarter-life crisis phenomenon does indeed make the study, the following recommendations are hereby
journey of an emerging adult extremely challenging. specified: (1) Emerging adults tend to struggle with
That is why respondents utilized strategies to cope quarter-life crisis without their knowledge and are,
with the phenomenon. The majority of the respondents thus, unable to utilize coping strategies that could help
admitted that remembering their dreams and what they them endure this developmental phenomenon. In that
have been fighting for since the beginning drives them sense, constructing a psychological assessment tool is
to move forward. Additionally, they also acknowledge significant to help identify and evaluate the degree to
the support they have been receiving since then. As which emerging adults are experiencing a quarter-life
they stated, being reminded by those who support crisis. This will benefit not only the young adults, but
them provides them with enough motivation to get the field of developmental psychology in general. (2)
back on track. They also tend to return to God when It is significant for emerging adults to establish support
everything becomes too heavy for them to handle. And systems that could help them acquire motivation and
they never forget to also show care for themselves. In help them get back on track, as this could certainly,
particular, some of the respondents mentioned the help them overcome the challenges brought by the
importance of not pushing themselves to their own quarter-life crisis. That being the case, emerging adults
limits and recognizing what their bodies need. By struggling with quarter-life crisis were recommended
validating what they feel and becoming aware of what to attend counseling. This could provide them with the
they need, such as rest, for instance, they are provided opportunity to learn about the situation that they are in
with another amount of strength to continue moving and gain a greater understanding of themselves and
forward. their own role in the problems that they are possibly
facing. The respondents or college students, in general,
In light of the aforementioned experiences of the
can visit their school guidance counseling office. The
respondents amidst a quarter-life crisis, the
social support and motivational drive that they could
respondents were able to make sense of the situation
gain from these sources of relief can help them cope
they are currently in as an emerging adults
with the challenging day-to-day experiences they face
experiencing a quarter-life crisis, and had a better
amidst a quarter-life crisis.
understanding of the proper course of action they have
to take and better ways of dealing with the Furthermore, (3) emerging adults are recommended to
phenomenon. increase awareness about the concept of "quarter-life
crisis" as they might face this phenomenon at a certain
Conclusion point in their lives. Considering that the quarter-life
crisis is as common as the well-known midlife crisis
and yet only a few have been aware of this
Based on the summary of findings, the following phenomenon, it is significant for emerging adults to
conclusions are hereby drawn: (1) As they were attend seminars, courses, and other programs that
transitioning into adulthood, all of the respondents place emphasis on discussing and exploring topics
began to recognize their role as "inaasahang anak," related to the quarter-life crisis. With the help of these
which consequently brought them such detrimental events, they will be able to understand and recognize
experiences as being pressured, feeling guilty about that the experiences and challenges that they face
wanting to become independent, and feeling during such a period are normal as they undergo the
overwhelmed by responsibilities. (2) As the transitional stage. (4) Future researchers must look for
respondents were caught in a quarter-life crisis other groups of candidates to be respondents in this

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Affiliations and Corresponding Information

Lhyza Perante
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc. - Philippines
Jhoana Paola Lunesto
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc. - Philippines

Justine Coritana
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc. - Philippines
Chloie Nicole Cruz
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc. - Philippines
John Mark Espiritu
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc. - Philippines

Amor Artiola, MAIP

Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc. - Philippines
Wenifreda Templonuevo, PhD
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc. - Philippines
Jhoselle Tus
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc. - Philippines

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