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RI Soalan SET 1

The document contains 27 multiple choice questions about x-ray technology and radioactive isotopes. It covers topics like x-ray tube components, factors that affect x-ray beams, half-lives of isotopes, and units used to measure radioactivity. The questions test knowledge of the materials, processes, and properties involved in x-ray and gamma ray production and use.

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Zack Lif
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48 views

RI Soalan SET 1

The document contains 27 multiple choice questions about x-ray technology and radioactive isotopes. It covers topics like x-ray tube components, factors that affect x-ray beams, half-lives of isotopes, and units used to measure radioactivity. The questions test knowledge of the materials, processes, and properties involved in x-ray and gamma ray production and use.

Uploaded by

Zack Lif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SET 1

1. Anodes are normally fitted with targets made from of what material
a. Steel.
b. Lead.
c. Copper.
d. Tungsten.

2. The velocity of electrons striking the target in an x-ray tube is a function of?
a. The amount of mA used
b. The amount of KV’s used
c. The distance between the anode and cathode.
d. The target material.

3. The purpose of circulating oil in some types of x-ray tubes is:


a. To dissipate heat.
b. For lubrication.
c. To reduce scatter radiation.
d. To reduce the current values.

4. In an x-ray tube, the filament and focusing cup are two essential parts of the:
a. Anode
b. Cathode
c. Control panel.
d. None of the above

5. An x-ray tube with a small focal spot size will produce radiographs with:
a. Better subject contrast
b. Better radiographic contrast.
c. Better definition
d. Improved density

6. As x-ray energy increases wave length will:


a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. No change to the wave length.
d. Increase in beam width.

7. Which of the following are reasons for setting the anode target at an angle?
a. To reduce exposure times.
b. To improve overall radiographic contrast.
c. To reduce actual focal spot size.
d. To reduce the effective focal spot size.
8. The primary form of energy conversion produced when electrons strike a target in
an x-ray tube:
a. Secondary X-rays.
b. Primary x-rays.
c. Electrons.
d. Heat.

9. As x-ray energy decreases wave length will:


a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. No change to the wave length.
d. Increase in beam width.

10. The projected (effective) focal spot size of an x-ray tube is determined by:
a. F.f.d and o.f.d.
b. The total area of the tungsten target set into the anode.
c. The angle of the tungsten target and the size of the electron beam.
d. The distance between cathode and anode.

11. The penetrating power of beta particles is


a. about the same as for gamma radiation
b. about the same or slightly less than for alpha particles
c. more than for alpha particles but less than for gamma radiation
d. none of the above

12. Which unit has replaced the Rad?


a. The sievert.
b. The roentgen.
c. The gray.
d. The Becquerel.

13. The number 60 in cobalt 60 is:


a. The number of neutrons added to the number of protons.
b. The number of neutrons only.
c. The number of protons only.
d. Dictates the element type

14. What are gamma rays?


a. They are the disintegration of a radionuclide.
b. They are a form of excess energy emitted because of certain disintegrations of a
radionuclide.
c. They are the sub-atomic particles which are emitted when a radio-isotope
disintegrates
d. Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted from all isotopes.
15. The absorption of radiation by a material varies:
a. Directly with the square of the distance from the source.
b. Directly with the thickness of the material.
c. Inversely with the amount of scattering in the material.
d. In an approximately exponential manner with the thickness of the material.

16. Ytterbium 169 is a gamma source which:


a. Produces relatively good quality radiographs at the correct exposure when
compared with radiographs produced with Ir192.
b. Produces very short wave length radiation.
c. Generally used with fluorometallic screens.
d. All of the above.

17. What is the relationship between gigabecquerels and curies?


a. 3.7 10 10 GBq = 1 Ci
b. 2.7 10 10 GBq = 1 Ci
c. 37 GBq = 1 Ci
d. 109 GBq = 1 Ci

18. A large source size can be compensated for by:


a. Increasing the source-to-specimen distance.
b. The addition of lead filters.
c. Increasing the specimen-to-film distance.
d. None of the above.

19. Which of the following isotopes has the longest half-life?


a. Caesium 137.
b. Thulium 170
c. Cobalt 60
d. Iridium 192.

20. When producing radiographs with x-ray equipment, if the kilo-voltage is increased:
a. The radiographic contrast decreases.
b. The subject contrast increases.
c. The film contrast increases.
d. The film contrast decreases.

21. The penetrating ability of an x-ray beam is governed by:


a. The intensity of the beam.
b. The wave length of the beam.
c. The thickness of the material under test.
d. All of the above

22. X-ray and gamma rays are types of:


a. Electromagnetic and ionising radiation.
b. Electromagnetic and corpuscular radiation.
c. Ionising and corpuscular radiation.
d. All of the above.
23. Which standard is entitled “Non-destructive testing Image quality indicators?
a. BS EN 2910
b. BS EN 2600
c. BS EN 1435
d. BS EN 462

24. Ytterbium 169 is an ideal isotope for thin materials because:


a. It produces hard radiation
b. It produces soft radiation.
c. It has got a high deterioration.
d. It produced short wave length radiation

25. Which of the following defects normally will not be detected by radiographic
inspection:
a. Centre line cracking.
b. Lack of side wall fusion with associated slag.
c. Plate laminations (significant in area).
d. Cluster porosity.

26. Which of the following units is used to measure the activity of a radioactive
isotope?
a. Curie.
b. Rem.
c. Rad.
d. Roentgen.

27. In an x-ray tube head the filament in the cathode is usually made from:
a. Copper.
b. Steel.
c. Tungsten.
d. Titanium.

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