A.

Research Methodology

The design of the Research is Survey Descriptive Research. According to Sreejesh stated
that descriptive research is the method of collecting information by asking a set of pre-
formulated questions in a predetermined sequence in a structured questionnaire to a sample of
individuals drawn so as to be representative of a defined population is known as survey
research. A researcher conducting a survey has to deal with sampling, questionnaire design,
questionnaire administration and data analysis. These questionnaires are administered to an
individual or a group of individuals through interviews. These interviews can be either face-
to-face, over the phone or through any other communication media which has to be decided
in advance. Typical survey objectives involve describing or learning from an ongoing activity
by studying the changes in behavioural patterns of the subjects of interest to the researcher.
Thus, surveys tend to be descriptive in nature, although they are often quantitative in nature
surveys also entail some qualitative aspects as in research concerning consumer satisfaction
surveys and new product development. (Sreejesh, Sanjay Mohapatra, Anusree (2014),
Business Research Methods, page 58).

The type of research is quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative methods are
heavily influenced by the hypothetico-deductive paradigm which is a research approach that
begins with a theory of how things work and creates a hypothesis that can be tested.
(Hardani, Nur Hikmatul Auliya, Helmina. (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Ilmu, 2020). Metode
Penelitian Kualitatif & Kuantitatif. Page. 398). Qualitative research is a type of scientific
research. Qualitative methods are also effective in identifying intangible factors, such as
social norms, socioeconomic status, gender roles, ethnicity, and religion, whose role in the
research issue may not be readily apparent. (Natasha Mack, Cynthia Woodsong, Kathleen.
(North Carolina: Family Health International, 2005). Qualitative Research Methods: A
Data Collector’s Field Guide. Page. 1-2).

B. Population and Sample

1. Population
A population is any group of individuals that have one or more characteristics
in common that are interesting. (JW Best, (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1995 Inc),
Research in Education. Page.13). In this research, the population were 700
employees of the Technical Department in the Link3 Techologies Ltd. Company. The
department consist of 3 sub-departments, 400 employees of Customer Support
Department, 250 employees of Fiber Department, and 50 employees of Web
Department.

2. Sample
A sample is a small proportion of population selected for observation or
analysis. So, by observing the characteristic of the sample, one can make certain
inferences about the characteristic of the population from which it is drawn. (JW
Best, (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1995 Inc), Research in Education. Page. 13). In
this research, the writer used the purposive sampling. a feature of qualitative research,
researchers hand pick the cases to be included in the sample on the basis of their
judgement of their typicality or possession of the particular characteristics being
sought. In this way, they build up a sample that is satisfactory to their specific needs.
 As its name suggests, the sample has been chosen for a specific purpose. (Louis
Cohen, Lawrence Manion and Keith Morrison. (New York: Routledge, 2007),
Research Methods in Education. Page. 114-115).
The sampling technique used in this study was Non-Random Sampling,
namely Purposive Sampling. The Purposive Sampling technique is a sampling
technique by selecting samples based on research on some of the characteristics of the
sample members according to the research intent. (Kuncoro, Mudrajad. (2009).
Metode Riset untuk Bisnis dan Ekonomi. 3th Edition. Erlangga Publisher. Page.
139). The sample in this study were 28 employees of Link3 Technologies Ltd and
Aamra Network Ltd.

C. Data Sources
1. Primary data
The primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time,
and thus happen to be original in character. We collect primary data during the
course of doing experiments in an experimental research but in case we do
research of the descriptive type and perform surveys, whether sample surveys or
census surveys, then we can obtain primary data either through observation or
through direct communication with respondents in one form or another or through
personal interviews. (Kothari. (New Delhi: New Age Publisher, 2004),
Research Methodology Methods & Techniques. Page. 95). The primary data in
this study is a number of information sourced from employees of Link3
Technologies Ltd and Aamra Network Ltd. The author conducted the research by
interviewing related parties directly by phone and distributing questionnaires
using the Google Form.

2. Secondary Data
The secondary data, on the other hand, are those which have already been
collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the
statistical process. The researcher would have to decide which sort of data he
would be using (thus collecting) for his study and accordingly he will have to
select one or the other method of data collection. When the researcher utilises
secondary data, then he has to look into various sources from where he can obtain
them. In this case he is certainly not confronted with the problems that are usually
associated with the collection of original data. Secondary data may either be
published data or unpublished data. (Kothari. (New Delhi: New Age Publisher,
2004), Research Methodology Methods & Techniques. Page. 111).

D. Data Collection

To obtain the data and information needed in the research, the writer use the
following methods:

1. Survey
 Typically, surveys gather data at a particular point in time with the intention of
describing the nature of existing conditions, or identifying standards against which
existing conditions can be compared, or determining the relationships that exist
between specific events. Thus, surveys may vary in their levels of complexity
from those thatprovidesimplefrequencycountstothosethat present relational
analysis. (Kothari. (Louis Cohen, Lawrence Manion, Keith Morrison. (New
York: Routledge, 2007). Research Methods in Education. Page. 205). In this
study, the survey used were questionnaires statements with 5 variant answers,
namely strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree. In practice,
these questionnaires were distributed online through the Google Form application.

2. Interview
Interview is a form of verbal communication so it is a kind of conversation
that aims to obtain information or can be interpreted as a data collection technique
that is carried out by asking and answering questions between the researcher and
the object under study. In this method, the creativity of the interviewer is needed
because it can be said that the results of the interviews studied depend a lot on the
investigator's ability to find answers, record and interpret each answer. (Kothari.
(Zuchri Abdussamad. (Makassar: CV. syakir Media Press, 2021). Metode
Penelitian Kualitatif. Page. 143). In this study, the writer interviewed Link3
Technologies Ltd employees by phone regarding the use of LAN computer
networks. The interview was also conducted with employees regarding work
efficiency using the LAN Network.

E. Data Analysis
Data analysis is a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn
by doing an investigation of the component parts of a whole and their relations in
making up the whole. To analyze the data in this study, the writer used a quantitative
method, namely a method of analysis by grouping data so that it can be examined
based on a theory that is closely related to the research problem. To strengthen the
quantitative analysis, the writer quantified it using:

1. Reliability Test

The reliability of a scale is defined as the extent to which a measurement

process is free from error. Reliability is closely related to accuracy and
consistency. A scale is said to be reliable/reliable, if it produces the same results
when measurements are repeated and carried out under constant (same)
conditions. (Hardani, Nur Hikmatul Auliya, Helmina. (Yogyakarta: Pustaka
Ilmu, 2020). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif & Kuantitatif. Page. 393). The
reliability test used to test the reliability of the instrument in this study is the
halved reliability test (Spearman-Brown), namely by splitting the existing scores
in half, then correlating the two. After finding the correlation value, it is
calculated using the Spearman-Brown formula as follows:
To find the value of a and b, the following formula is used:
 2.r 1
/3
21
r ❑=
1+2. r 1
/3
21

Where:
r❑ = instrument reliability
2. r 1 = r xywhich is mentioned as the correlation index between the two parts
/3
21
of the instrument.

2. Validity Test
Validity is the most critical criterion and indicates the degree to which an
instrument measures what it is supposed to measure. Validity can also be thought
of as utility. In other words, validity is the extent to which differences found with
a measuring instrument reflect true differences among those being tested.
(Kothari. (New Delhi: New Age Publisher, 2004), Research Methodology
Methods & Techniques. Page. 73). Validity test is used to measure the validity
or invalidity of a questionnaire by correlating the score of each question item in
the questionnaire with the total score. The correlation formula used is product
moment correlation.

3. Classic Assumption Test

This test is intended to analyze several assumptions from the resulting

regression equation valid for predicting. According to Santoso, in the regression
analysis there are several assumptions that must be met so that the resulting
regression equation will be valid if used to predict. (Singgih Santoso. Buku
Latihan Statistik Parametrik. Jakarta: PT.Elex Media Komputindo, 2005.
Page. 370). A discussion of the assumptions in the regression analysis is as
follows:

a. Multicollinearity Test
This test is a form of testing assumptions in multiple regression
analysis. The multicollinearity assumption states that the independent
variable must be free from multicollinearity symptoms. There are many
ways to determine whether a model has multicollinearity symptoms,
including the Correlation Test and VIF Test.
If the value of each variable is > 5, then it is indicated that the model
has symptoms of multicollinearity. This method is used because it is
simpler and has no complexity in calculations. In general, the provisions
used are if the VIF is > 5, then the variable has a multicollinearity problem
with other independent variables.
 b. Heteroscedasticity Test
This assumption test is an assumption in regression where the variance
of the residuals is not the same for one observation to another. Symptoms
of the same residual variance from one observation to another are called
homoscedasticity. The heteroscedasticity test aims to test whether in the
regression model there is an inequality of variance and residuals from one
observation to another. The regression model is said to have
heteroscedasticity if the data is scattered around zero (0 on the Y axis) and
does not form a particular pattern or trend. (Singgih Santoso. Buku
Latihan Statistik Parametrik. Jakarta: PT.Elex Media Komputindo,
2005. Page. 348).
There are several ways to test heteroscedasticity, namely by way of the
Park test, the Spearman rank correlation test, and you can also use the
SPSS program. In this study, the heteroscedasticity test will use the SPSS
program to make the results more accurate. In addition, the SPSS test is
also easier and less complicated to calculate.

c. Normality test
The normality test is intended to ensure that the data to be analyzed is
normally distributed as a prerequisite for analysis. The normality test in
this analysis was carried out with the SPSS program which produces
Normal P-P Plot images. The resulting image can show the distribution of
the dots. If the distribution of these points is close to or close to a straight
line (diagonal) then it is said that the (data) residuals are normally
distributed, but if the distribution of these points is away from the line then
it is not normally distributed. (Singgih Santoso. Buku Latihan Statistik
Parametrik. Jakarta: PT.Elex Media Komputindo, 2005. Page. 347).

4. Multiple linear regression

Multiple linear regression analysis is a linear relationship between two or
more independent variables with the dependent variable. This analysis is to
determine the direction of the relationship between the independent variable and
the dependent variable which is positively or negatively related and to predict the
value of the dependent variable if the independent variable increases or decreases.
Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out by determining the
equation Ŷ = a + b1X1 + b2X2 + e, with the following conditions:

Y : dependent variable
X1 : independent variable one
X2 : independent variable two
a : constant value
b1 : the value of the regression coefficient X1
b2 : the value of the regression coefficient X2
e : standard error

5. t-Test
 The t test is used to see whether the independent variable has an effect on the
dependent variable by comparing the calculated t value with the t table so that it
can be found whether the hypothesis that has been made has a positive or non-
positive effect. The provisions of the t test used are:

a. If t count > t table means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that

there is a positive influence between LAN information systems on work
efficiency at (Name of Company).
b. If t count < t table means, Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected, meaning that
there is no influence between the LAN information system on work
efficiency at (Name of Company).
In this study, the t test was carried out using the SPSS program. The
provisions used are if the probability value is less than 0.05, then Ho is rejected
or the regression coefficient is significant, and if the probability value is greater
than 0.05, then Ho is accepted or the regression coefficient is not significant.
(Singgih Santoso. Buku Latihan Statistik Parametrik. Jakarta: PT. Elex
Media Komputindo, 2005. Page. 379).

6. F test (model reliability test)

This test is intended to determine whether there is influence of the independent

variables together with the dependent variable. This F test is also known as the
model reliability test or model feasibility test. The F test is the initial stage of
identifying a regression model that is estimated to be feasible or not. Feasible
(reliable) here means that the estimated model is feasible to use to explain the
effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable.
In this study, the F test was carried out using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
which also used the SPSS program. The provisions used are if the value of prob.
F count (SPSS output shown in the sig column) is smaller than the error level
(alpha) of 0.05 (which has been determined) then H o is rejected or it can be said
that the estimated regression model is feasible, whereas if the prob. If the
calculated F is greater than the error rate of 0.05 then H o or it can be said that the
estimated regression model is not feasible. (Singgih Santoso. Buku Latihan
Statistik Parametrik. Jakarta: PT.Elex Media Komputindo, 2005. Page.
312).

7. R2 test (coefficient of determination test)

This test is intended to measure how far the independent variable affects the
dependent variable. The coefficient of determination explains the variation in the
effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Or it can also be
said as the proportion of the influence of all independent variables on the
dependent variable. The value of the coefficient of determination can be
measured by the formula R2 = rxy2.
 Whereas in the SPSS program the value of the coefficient of determination
(R ) is indicated by the value of R Square or Adjusted R-Square. R-Square is used
2

when there is only one independent variable (commonly called Simple Linear
Regression), while Adjusted R-Square is used when there is more than one
independent variable. Then the resulting R2 value is multiplied by 100%.