UNIT 2

MR. TEJAS BHALLA

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE,
SRCC
 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION

• Electronic communication plays a very important role in

staying connected.
• It helps give people power to get our views noticed and also
gives the power to publish our views and spread them to
many people.

• Electronic communication allows for both:

• Synchronous(Real-Time) communication such as chat
and Instant Messaging apps
• Asynchronous(Delayed) communication such as
emails and blogs.
 ELECTRONIC MAIL: EMAIL

• Email was invented by Ray Tomlinson on the ARPANET system(ARPANET was the predecessor
of the modern internet system)
• The concept of email is older than the internet.

Example: An email on ARPANET system

 EMAIL
• For making email easier to use special email software’s emerged.

Example: Email software of Microsoft

 EMAIL

• Later, web-based mails became popular.

• Present more than 200 billion emails are sent per day.

Example: Hotmail(Later acquired by Microsoft as

Microsoft Outlook)
 SOME ADVANTAGES OF EMAIL

1. Many online email services are free.

2. Can be used to send messages anywhere quickly.
3. Easy to use for future reference, as the email in digital format can be stored and retrieved easily
unlike in paper mails.
4. It is paperless and avoids the need to have large amount of mails.
 SOME CHALLENGES OF EMAIL

1. The problem of email spam started in the 1990s as marketers tried to

promote their products at practically zero-cost by email.
2. It has a possibility to be used for fraudsters.
3. It can be used as a medium to spread malware such as computer
viruses.

For this many email services have developed spam filters to prevent spam
emails from entering the inbox.
Also, they try to identify emails with malware or those that seem to be
suspicious.
 BLOGS

• Unlike emails, blogs have no traditional equivalent.

• A blog is a website that allows a person to share content for
readers, such as the blog author can simply share the events in
their life.
• There are many blogging platforms that allow anyone to make a
blog, without technical knowledge. Eg. Blogger
• Some common features of blog platforms are:
1. They have an easy to use text editor to write posts.
2. Recent posts are displayed first followed by other posts.
3. They usually have a way for readers to comment and write to the
author of the blog.
EXAMPLES OF BLOGS

Twitter is considered a Microblogging platform as it

allows tweets only up to 140 words
 BLOGS

• Blogs are not always text based.

• Example: In Video Blogging(Vlogs) people can record a video and post it for others to watch on
video-sharing websites such as Youtube. Viewers can also comment about the videos in the
comments section.
 SOME ADVANTAGES OF BLOGS

• Removal of the Barriers to Publish:

Anyone can set up a blog and write. People are empowered to publish and reach an audience bypassing the
selection process to publish in print media such as magazines and newspapers.

• Possibility of conversation:
Readers are empowered to easily write back to authors by commenting, which otherwise would have not
been easy in traditional methods.

• Readers and writers collaborate in knowledge creation:

Publishing in the blog is not usually seen as the end of the process, but as a part of a conversation with
readers.
 SOME CHALLENGES OF BLOGS

• No Quality Control:
Digital media has lost some authority that print media used to have with issues such as
wrong information etc.
 SOCIAL MEDIA

• These are participatory forms of digital media

such as blogs, social networking sites(Eg.
Facebook) etc.
• Here all content is user generated and shared in a
social environment.
• The frequent update of connections on social media
allow people to have perpetual/constant contact and
have awareness of what others are doing.
• Many social media platforms, such as Facebook and
Instagram, consist of multiple tools: Email, instant
messaging, blogs etc.
Example: Twitter
SOME ADVANTAGES OF SOME CHALLENGES OF
SOCIAL MEDIA SOCIAL MEDIA
• Helps to stay connected with friends, • Privacy and security concerns
family etc located anywhere.
• Lack of emotional connect
• Can find entertaining content
• Spread of fake information
• Can share pictures and videos with
• Cyberbullying
others.
• Helps to share opinions
• Helps to network
 DIGITAL COLLABORATION

• Digital media and communications

technology makes it very easy to
collaborate.
• Collaboration is when people come
together to achieve something.
• Collaboration are communication are
not the same. Communication is the
sharing of information.
 COLLABORATION AND COMMUNICATION

• Collaboration is not a replacement of communication. Collaboration can’t exist without

communication. Both are required together.

Example:
A person can connect with someone over a online video call  This is communication.
A file-sharing service can be used by a person to work on a file at the same time.  This is
collaboration.
A file can also be sent by email, for the other person to edit and send back when working in
collaboration.
 DIGITAL COLLABORATION PLATFORMS

• Use of collaborative platforms help employees to share content, connect with each other,
and allow for them to work together even remotely.
• Digital collaboration platforms allow people to work together from anywhere at any time.
• They gained prominence in recent times, due many working from home due to the
pandemic.
 EXAMPLE OF DIGITAL COLLABORATION
PLATFORMS: GOOGLE WORKSPACE
• Example: Google Workspace:
EXAMPLE: USING GOOGLE DOCS TO
COLLABORATE FOR A WRITE-UP.
• Google Docs
stores a word
document online
and any team
member can be
given permission
to edit it.
• Many members
located in
different places
can edit it at the
same time.
OTHER EXAMPLES OF DIGITAL COLLABORATION
PLATFORMS
SOME MODES OF COLLABORATION INCLUDE:

1. Collaboration using Messaging

2. Collaborating using File sharing
3. Collaborating using Video Conferencing
 MESSAGING TOOLS
• Messaging tools can be used to send usually short messages using digital
devices.
• Whatsapp is an example of a popular messaging app.
• It can be easier than email for shorter messages which can become
confusing with long threads(Email threads is the collection of the original
mail along with reply emails and forwards).
 COLLABORATION BY MESSAGING

• Many collaborative chat tools are available: Example Google Chat, Slack, Teams etc.
• They usually include both direct and group messaging.
• Many special collaborative messaging apps for organizations allow to search a person working in the
same organisation just by their name and restricts accidental sharing to anyone outside that
organisation.
• They may be a part of a digital collaboration platform, such as Google Chat is part of Google
Workspace.
 COLLABORATION BY MESSAGING

• These chat platforms usually have places for

topic based discussions too along with
direct messages.
• They may also be integrated with other tools
such as for file sharing and video
conferencing. Such as in Google Chat:

Example: Use of the Slack chat by a team

Source: https://slack.com/intl/en-in/customer-stories/vodafone-
dials-up-developer-innovation
 FILE SHARING TOOLS
• File sharing tools help to share files between users
through a network by file sharing services, email etc.
• For example, a MS Word document can be shared by a
user to someone who edits it and sends back.

Now cloud-based file sharing

services have become popular
such as Google Drive.
COLLABORATION BY CLOUD-BASED
FILE SHARING PLATFORMS
• For collaboration on some files, file sharing platforms can be used.
• Example: Google Drive, Teams, Slack etc
Some ways that it can help include:
1. Create a shared folder: The files in a shared folder can be viewed by
anyone in a team.
2. Collaborate in real-time: If permissions are given files can also be
edited by team members and comments can also be added.
3. Track changes and avoid version conflict: Tools might be available
that help track changes and options can be available to reverse a change
or return to an older version of a file.
4. Avoid version conflict: All collaborators work on the same file at the
same time and avoids the confusion of multiple versions of the same file
with different people in a team.
 COLLABORATION BY VIDEO CONFERENCING

• Video conferencing can allow a person to collaborate in multiple ways such as online
meetings along with options to share screen, use a digital white board etc.
• Examples are: Google Meet, MS Teams etc
COLLABORATION BY VIDEO CONFERENCING

• Many digital collaboration platforms have

also integrated options to collaborate with
video conferencing.
• Such as Google Docs has added an option
for Google Meet.
 TOOLS AND
PLATFORMS FOR
ONLINE LEARNING
 TOOLS AND PLATFORMS FOR ONLINE
LEARNING
• There are many platforms for online learning including Massively Online Open
Courses(MOOCs) such as Swayam, Coursera and educational content and resources
such as by E-PG Pathshala.
 TOOLS AND PLATFORMS FOR ONLINE
LEARNING
There are also special platforms to help in education and help in delivery of lectures, material, etc.

Example: Microsoft Teams for Online Classes, Assignment notifications and submissions etc
 EXAMPLES OF OTHER EDUCATIONAL TOOLS
AND PLATFORMS

Example: Tools such as Google Jamboard help

provide a digital whiteboard.
Example: Google Classroom can be used for online lectures
using Google Meet, for notifying and submitting assignments,
to notify grades etc
 EXAMPLES OF SOME TOOLS FOR ONLINE
LEARNING

Example: Virtual Labs, simulators etc

Example: Educational games can help in better learning such as
the ECB had an educational game to help understand relation of
interest rates, inflation, production etc.
 SOME EXAMPLES OF EDUCATION USING ICT
TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA

Example: The National Digital Library has a number of e-

resources from primary to post-graduate levels.