LM321
LM321
Internal Frequency Compensation for Unity Gain LM321/358/324 types consist of single/dual/quad
High DC Voltage Gain: 110dB(Typ) channel independent, high gain, internally frequency
compensated operational amplifiers which are
Wide Bandwidth at Unity Gain: 1.2MHz(Typ) designed specifically to operate from a single power
Wide Power Supply Range: 3V to 36V supply over a wide range of voltages. They may also
be operated from split power supplies. The supply
Dual Supplies: ±1.5V to ±18V current is basically independent of the supply
EMIRR IN+: 71dB(Under 1GHz) voltage over the recommended voltage range.
Low Supply Current: 100μA(Typ) These devices are particularly useful in interface
Offset Voltage Temperature Drift: 1uV/°C circuits with digital systems and can be operated
Input Bias Current: 60pA Typical from the single common 5VDC power supply. They
are also intended for transducer amplifiers, DC gain
Input Common-Mode Voltage Range Includes blocks and many other conventional op amp circuits
Ground which can benefit from the single power supply
Rail-to-Rail Output capability.
No Phase Reversal for Overdriven Inputs In the linear mode, the input common-mode voltage
–40°C to 125°C Operation Range range includes ground and the output voltage can
also swing to both ground and power rail, even
ESD Rating: Robust 2KV – HBM, 2KV – CDM though operated from a single power supply.
High Performance Drop-In Compatible With 321,
358, 324 Series Product The LM321 is single channel version available in
5-pin SOT23 packages. The LM358 is dual channel
version available in 8-pin SOP and MSOP packages.
Applications The LM324 is quad channel version available in
14-pin SOP and TSSOP packages.
Walkie-Talkie
Battery Management Solution 3PEAK and the 3PEAK logo are registered trademarks of
3PEAK INCORPORATED. All other trademarks are the property of
Transducer Amplifiers
their respective owners.
Summing Amplifiers
Multivibrators
Oscillators
DC Gain Blocks
+In B 5 10 +In C
B C
-In B 6 9 -In C
Out B 7 8 Out C
Marking
Model Name Order Number Package Transport Media, Quantity
Information
LM321 LM321-TR 5-Pin SOT23 Tape and Reel, 3,000 H21
LM358-SR 8-Pin SOP Tape and Reel, 4,000 LM358
LM358
LM358-VR 8-Pin MSOP Tape and Reel, 3,000 LM358
LM324-SR 14-Pin SOP Tape and Reel, 2,500 LM324
LM324
LM324-TR 14-Pin TSSOP Tape and Reel, 3,000 LM324
+ – Note 2
Supply Voltage: V – V ................................. 42V Current at Supply Pins……………............... ±60mA
– +
Input Voltage................................ V – 0.3 to V + 0.3 Operating Temperature Range........–40°C to 125°C
Input Current: +IN, –IN Note 3............................ ±20mA Maximum Junction Temperature................... 150°C
Differential Input Voltage..................................... ±42V Storage Temperature Range.......... –65°C to 150°C
Output Short-Circuit Duration Note 4…............... Infinite Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) ......... 260°C
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum
Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime.
Note 2: The op amp supplies must be established simultaneously, with, or before, the application of any input signals.
Note 3: The inputs are protected by ESD protection diodes to each power supply. If the input extends more than 500mV beyond the power supply, the input
current should be limited to less than 10mA.
Note 4: A heat sink may be required to keep the junction temperature below the absolute maximum. This depends on the power supply voltage and how many
amplifiers are shorted. Thermal resistance varies with the amount of PC board metal connected to the package. The specified values are for short traces
connected to the leads.
Thermal Resistance
2 Rev. B.01
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LM321/LM358/ LM324
1.2MHz, Low-Power 36V Op Amps
Electrical Characteristics
The specifications are at TA = 27° C. VS = 5V, VCM = VOUT =2.5V, RL = 2kΩ, CL =100pF, unless otherwise noted.
Note 1: Full power bandwidth is calculated from the slew rate FPBW = SR/π • VP-P
1200 2
1.4
800
GBW(MHz)
Population
1.2
600 1
0.8
400
0.6
0.4
200
0.2
0 0
-3
-1
3
-2.6
-2.2
-1.8
-1.4
-0.6
-0.2
0.2
0.6
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.6
150 200
1000
VS= +5V
100
150 RL= 1MΩ
CL = 30pF
100
Noise(nV/√Hz)
Phase (°)
50 100
Gain(dB)
50
0
0
10
-50
-50
-100 -100 1
0.01 1 100 10k 1M 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M
Frequency (Hz) Frequency(Hz)
Input Bias Current vs. Temperature Input Bias Current vs. Input Common Mode Voltage
10000 1000
VS= +36V
RL= 1MΩ
CL = 30pF
Input Bias Current(pA)
1000 100
100 10
10 1
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 8 12 16 20 24 28
Temperature(℃) Common Mode Voltage(V)
4 Rev. B.01
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LM321/LM358/ LM324
1.2MHz, Low-Power 36V Op Amps
Typical Performance Characteristics
VS = ±15V, VCM = 0V, RL = Open, unless otherwise specified. (Continued)
140 140
120 120
100
100
80
CMRR(dB)
CMRR(dB)
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
0 -20
0 5 10 15 20 25 1 100 10k 1M
Common-mode voltage(V) Frequency(Hz)
140
30
ISINK
Supply Current(uA)
120 25
Ishort(mA)
100 20
ISOURCE
15
80
10
60
5
40
0
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature(℃)
Temperature(℃)
160
PSRR+ 120
140
120 100
PSRR-
Supply Current(uA)
100
80
PSRR(dB)
80
60 60
40
40
20
20
0
-20 0
0.01 1 100 10k 1M 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
Frequency(Hz) Supply Voltage(V)
160 160
140 140
120 120
CMRR(dB)
100
PSRR(dB)
100
80 80
60 60
40 40
20 20
0
0
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature(℃) Temperature(℃)
140
Gain= +1
100mV/div
±V= ±15V
120
CL=30pF, RL=1M
100
EMIRR IN+(dB)
80
60
100mV/div
40
20
0
1 10 100 1000
Frequency(MHz) Time (5μs/div)
1V/div
1V/div
6 Rev. B.01
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LM321/LM358/ LM324
1.2MHz, Low-Power 36V Op Amps
Typical Performance Characteristics
VS = ±15V, VCM = 0V, RL = Open, unless otherwise specified. (Continued)
1.4
1.2
Offset voltage(mV)
5μV/div
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
Time (1s/div) Common-mode voltage(V)
6
Gain= +1
±V= ±15V T=-40℃
CL=30pF, RL=1M 5 T=25℃
T=130℃
2V/div
4
Vdrop(V)
2
2V/div
0
0 10 20 30
Time (20μs/div) I source(mA)
0
0 10 20 30 40
I sink (mA)
Operation
The LM321/358/324 output signal range extends beyond the negative and positive power supplies. The intput can even
extend all the way to the negative supply. The Class-AB control buffer and output bias stage uses a proprietary
compensation technique to take full advantage of the process technology to drive very high capacitive loads. This is
evident from the transient over shoot measurement plots in the Typical Performance Characteristics.
Applications Information
8 Rev. B.01
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LM321/LM358/ LM324
1.2MHz, Low-Power 36V Op Amps
In applications where low input bias current is critical, Printed Circuit Board (PCB) surface leakage effects need to be
considered. Surface leakage is caused by humidity, dust or other contamination on the board. Under low humidity
12
conditions, a typical resistance between nearby traces is 10 Ω. A 5V difference would cause 5pA of current to flow,
which is greater than the LM321/358/324 OPA’s input bias current at +27°C (±1pA, typical). It is recommended to use
multi-layer PCB layout and route the OPA’s -IN and +IN signal under the PCB surface.
The effective way to reduce surface leakage is to use a guard ring around sensitive pins (or traces). The guard
ring is biased at the same voltage as the sensitive pin. An example of this type of layout is shown in Figure 1 for
Inverting Gain application.
1. For Non-Inverting Gain and Unity-Gain Buffer:
a) Connect the non-inverting pin (VIN+) to the input with a wire that does not touch the PCB surface.
b) Connect the guard ring to the inverting input pin (VIN–). This biases the guard ring to the Common Mode input voltage.
2. For Inverting Gain and Trans-impedance Gain Amplifiers (convert current to voltage, such as photo detectors):
a) Connect the guard ring to the non-inverting input pin (VIN+). This biases the guard ring to the same reference voltage as
the op-amp (e.g., VS/2 or ground).
b) Connect the inverting pin (VIN–) to the input with a wire that does not touch the PCB surface.
Figure 1
ESD
The LM321/358/324 has reverse-biased ESD protection diodes on all inputs and output. Input and out pins cannot be
biased more than 200mV beyond either supply rail.
5pF
10kΩ
VOUT
VIN
10kΩ CPAR
Figure 2
RISO VOUT
VIN
CLOAD
Figure 3
10 Rev. B.01
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LM321/LM358/ LM324
1.2MHz, Low-Power 36V Op Amps
and types of components, where possible to match the number and type of thermocouple junctions. For example,
dummy components such as zero value resistors can be used to match real resistors in the opposite input path.
Matching components should be located in close proximity and should be oriented in the same manner. Ensure leads
are of equal length so that thermal conduction is in equilibrium. Keep heat sources on the PCB as far away from
amplifier input circuitry as is practical.
The use of a ground plane is highly recommended. A ground plane reduces EMI noise and also helps to maintain a
constant temperature across the circuit board.
Instrumentation Amplifier
The LM321/358/324 OPA is well suited for conditioning sensor signals in battery-powered applications. Figure 4
shows a two op-amp instrumentation amplifier, using the LM321/358/324 OPA.
The circuit works well for applications requiring rejection of Common Mode noise at higher gains. The reference
voltage (VREF) is supplied by a low-impedance source. In single voltage supply applications, VREF is typically VS/2.
RG
VREF R1 R2 R2 R1 VOUT
V2
V1
R1 2 R1
VOUT =(V1 V2 )(1 ) VREF
R2 RG
Figure 4
C1
400pF
VIN
VOUT
R1 R2 C2
1MΩ 1MΩ 400pF
R1 = R 2 = R = 1M
C1 = C2 = C = 400pF
R4
Q = Filter Peaking Factor = 1 R3 2MΩ
f -3dB = 1/(2 RC ) = 400Hz 2MΩ
R 3 = R 4 /(2-1/Q) ; with Q = 1, R 3 =R 4
Figure 5
SC70-5 /SOT-353
Dimensions Dimensions
Symbol In Millimeters In Inches
Min Max Min Max
A 0.900 1.100 0.035 0.043
A1 0.000 0.100 0.000 0.004
A2 0.900 1.000 0.035 0.039
b 0.150 0.350 0.006 0.014
C 0.080 0.150 0.003 0.006
D 2.000 2.200 0.079 0.087
E 1.150 1.350 0.045 0.053
E1 2.150 2.450 0.085 0.096
e 0.650TYP 0.026TYP
e1 1.200 1.400 0.047 0.055
L 0.525REF 0.021REF
L1 0.260 0.460 0.010 0.018
θ 0° 8° 0° 8°
SOT23-5
Dimensions Dimensions
In Millimeters In Inches
Symbol
Min Max Min Max
A 1.050 1.250 0.041 0.049
A1 0.000 0.100 0.000 0.004
A2 1.050 1.150 0.041 0.045
b 0.300 0.400 0.012 0.016
C 0.100 0.200 0.004 0.008
D 2.820 3.020 0.111 0.119
E 1.500 1.700 0.059 0.067
E1 2.650 2.950 0.104 0.116
e 0.950TYP 0.037TYP
e1 1.800 2.000 0.071 0.079
L 0.700REF 0.028REF
L1 0.300 0.460 0.012 0.024
θ 0° 8° 0° 8°
12 Rev. B.01
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LM321/LM358/ LM324
1.2MHz, Low-Power 36V Op Amps
Package Outline Dimensions
SOP-8
A2 C
θ
A1 L1
e
E
Dimensions Dimensions In
θ 0° 8° 0° 8°
Dimensions Dimensions In
θ 0° 6° 0° 6°
A1
R1
R
θ
L
L1 L2
14 Rev. B.01
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LM321/LM358/ LM324
1.2MHz, Low-Power 36V Op Amps
Package Outline Dimensions
TSSOP-14
Dimensions
E1 In Millimeters
E Symbol
MIN TYP MAX
A - - 1.20
A1 0.05 - 0.15
b 0.20 - 0.28
e c c 0.10 - 0.19
e 0.65 BSC
L2 0.25 BSC
R 0.09 - -
R1 θ 0° - 8°
R
θ
L
L1 L2
E1 E Dimensions
Symbol In Millimeters
b 0.36 0.49
A1 e 1.27 BSC
L1 1.04 REF
L2 0.25 BSC
θ 0° 8°
L θ
L1
L2
16 Rev. B.01
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