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Final 12

This document contains 4 problems for a final exam in AMS 212A. [1] Answering 3 problems perfectly is sufficient to earn an A, and partial answers receive 5 points of extra credit. [2] Calculators are not allowed and justifications must be provided for all answers. [3] The problems cover topics like the damped wave equation, temperature profiles in disks, spherical Green's functions, and canonical forms of PDEs.

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Sutirtha Sengupta
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37 views

Final 12

This document contains 4 problems for a final exam in AMS 212A. [1] Answering 3 problems perfectly is sufficient to earn an A, and partial answers receive 5 points of extra credit. [2] Calculators are not allowed and justifications must be provided for all answers. [3] The problems cover topics like the damped wave equation, temperature profiles in disks, spherical Green's functions, and canonical forms of PDEs.

Uploaded by

Sutirtha Sengupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AMS 212A Final 2012

There are 4 problems on this final. Each is worth 25 points. Any substantially completed answer gives
you 5 points extra credit, so that answering 3 problems perfectly is sufficient for an A.

Calculators are not allowed. You need to justify all your answers. Answers without justifications will
be counted as wrong. If you have any hesitation about the question, if you think there may be a problem
with it or if you just need clarification, DON’T HESITATE TO ASK!

Problem 1: Greens’ function for the damped wave equation

A more realistic description of forced vibrations is given by the damped wave equation:
utt + Dut = c2 uxx + F (x, t).
Here we consider a simple system with u(x, 0) = ut (x, 0) = 0, and u(0, t) = u(L, t) = 0. This problem
walks you through the construction of the Green’s function for this equation.

(a) Find the eigensolutions (eigenvalues λn and eigenfunctions vn (x)) of the associate homogeneous spatial
eigenvalue problem c2 vxx = −λv.
P
(b) Given u(x, t) = n an (t)vn (x), find the ODEs and initial conditions satisfied by the functions an (t).
fˆ(s)
(c) Given that the inverse Laplace transform of (s+a)(s+b) is, for any a and b, given by
Z t
1  0 0

f (t0 ) eb(t −t) − ea(t −t) dt0
a−b 0

where fˆ(s) is the Laplace transform of f , find the solutions to these ODEs.

(d) Using your result, write down the formal solution of the problem, in the form of an integral of
F (x, t) times a Green’s function. What is the Green’s function for this damped oscillation problem?

Problem 2: Temperature in a disk

What is the temporal evolution of the temperature profile inside a flat disk of radius R = 1 (you may
assume it is 2D), under the following model:
1 ∂2T
 
1 ∂ ∂T
Tt = r + 2 2
r ∂r ∂r r ∂θ
T (r, θ, 0) = 0
T (R, θ, t) = 100 for t > 0
Your solution needs to be completely explicit (i.e. evaluate all integrals that may arise from your calcu-
lations).

1
Problem 3: Spherical Green’s functions

This problem aims to calculate the Green’s function for the spherically symmetric Poisson equation in the
spherical cavity r ∈ [a, b] (where a and b are non-zero) in two different ways. Note that this is an ODE
problem.

Consider the Poisson problem


 
1 d du
L(u) = r2 = F (r) for r ∈ (a, b),
r2 dr dr
u(a) = u(b) = 0
(a) Show from first principles (i.e. not by plugging the solution in) that the eigenfunctions of the associate
eigenproblem L(v) = −λv are  
1 nπ(r − a)
vn (r) = sin
r b−a
What are the eigenvalues? Hint: you may have to use the fact that j0 (x) = sin(x)/x and y0 (x) = cos(x)/x
(see Problem 2).

(b) Deduce what the Green’s function for this problem is using eigenfunction expansions. All remain-
ing integrals must be evaluated.

(c) Find the general solution of the equation L(u) = 0.

(d) What is the solution to L(u) = δ(r − r0 ), under the same boundary conditions as the orginal problem
to deduce what the Green’s function is using the δ−forcing.

Problem 4: Canonical forms

Consider the equation


uxx + 4uxy + ux = 0
• Is this PDE hyperbolic, parabolic or elliptic?
• Show that the canonical form of the equation is uξη + 41 uη = 0

• Derive the general solution u(x, y) and show that it can be written as u(x, y) = F (y−4x)e−y/4 +G(y)
• Find the specific solution satisfying the initial conditions
u(x, 8x) = 0 and ux (x, 8x) = 4e−2x

You may need to use some of the following facts:


• The Bessel equation is x2 f 00 + xf 0 + (x2 − n2 )f = 0. It has a regular solution Jn (x) and a singular
solution (at x = 0) Yn (x).
• The Spherical Bessel equation is x2 f 00 + 2xf 0 + (x2 − n(n + 1))f = 0. It has a regular solution jn (x)
and a singular solution (at x = 0) yn (x).
• The Legendre equation is (1 − x2 )f 00 − 2xf 0 + n(n + 1)f = 0 and has a regular solution Pn (x) and
a singular solution (at x = ±1) Qn (x).

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