SEMESTER I

U20HS101 COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Acquiring Basic grammar knowledge.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To enable the engineering students to develop their basic communication skills in
English for academic and social purposes.
 To equip the students with appropriate oral and written communication skills.
 To inculcate the skills of listening, reading and critical thinking.
 To integrate English Language learning with employability skills and training.
 To enhance the students’ proficiency in reading skills enabling them meet the
academic demands of their course.
UNIT I GENERAL INTRODUCTION 9
Listening - Listening to conversations, Welcome Speeches, Lectures and description of
equipment. Speaking - introducing one self - family and friends. Reading - Practice in
skimming - scanning and predicting - Writing - completing sentences. Grammar - WH -
Questions - asking and answering - Yes or No questions and Question Tag - Parts of
Speech. Prefixes - Suffixes - Tense- Present, Past and Future Tense. Word formation.

UNIT II TECHNIQUES OF READING AND WRITING 9

Reading - Purpose of reading-comprehension - re - reading- post reading - comprehension
questions (multiple choice questions or short questions/open-ended questions). Writing -
Free writing on any given topic (My favourite place / Hobbies / School life, etc.) -
Autobiographical writing (writing about one’s leisure time activities, hometown, etc.) -
Listening - Situational Conversation, Telephonic Conversation. Speaking - Sharing
information of a personal kind - greeting - Taking leave - Grammar - Adjectives,
Prepositions, Conjunctions, Articles, Punctuations - Error correction, editing mistakes in
grammar, vocabulary, spelling.

UNIT III GRAMMAR AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT 9

Reading - Reading general contexts and interpreting graphical representations. Writing -
understanding text structure - Use of reference words and discourse markers - Coherence -
Jumbled Sentences Listening - listening to longer texts and filling up the table - Product
description - narratives from different sources. Speaking - asking about routine actions and
expressing opinions. Grammar-Past Tense - Kinds of noun, verb and adverb, Impersonal
Passive voice.

UNIT IV READING AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 9

Reading - Short reading passages for sentence matching exercises, Picking out specific
information in a short text. Writing - Letter writing, informal or personal letters - e-mails -
conventions of personal e-mail - Listening-listening to dialogues or conversations and
completing exercises based on them. Speaking -Group Discussion - Grammar - Future
tense, Synonyms - Antonyms - Phrasal verbs.

UNIT V WRITING SKILLS 9

Reading - Intensive reading - Writing - Writing short essays - Dialogue Writing - Listening -
listening to talks - conversations - Speaking - Presenting welcome speech and vote of thank

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- Grammar - Modal verbs - Collocations - Single word substitutes.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES
Learners are able to
1. Speak clearly, effortlessly, confidently and appropriately.
2. Write coherently with acceptable accuracy, organizing ideas logically.
3. Listen and comprehend different discourses and genres of texts.
4. Read and comprehend different discourses and genres of texts.
5. Read and infer, analyze, predict, interpret and draw conclusions any printed text.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Board of Editors Using English “A Course book for Undergraduate Engineers and
Technologists”. Orient Black Swan Limited, Hyderabad, 2015.
2. Richards, C. Jack. “Interchange Students’Book-2”, New Delhi: CUP, 2015.
REFERENCES
1. Bailey, Stephen. “Academic Writing: A practical guide for students”. New York:
Rutledge, 2011.
2. Raymond Murphy, Murphy’s “English Grammar”, Cambridge University Press 2004.
3. Meenakshi Raman, Sangeeta Sharma, “Technical Communication: English Skills for
Engineers”, Oxford University Press, 2009.
4. Dr.S.Sumant, “Technical English-I” Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2001.
5. Essential English - E.Suresh Kumar, P. Sreehari, J. Savithri - Orient Blackswan
2011.

U20MA101 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 3 1 0 4
Prerequisite: Basic ideas of Matrices, Differentiation and Integration.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To handle practical problems arising in the field of engineering.
 To achieve conceptual understanding and to retain the best traditions of traditional
calculus.
 To provide the basic tools of calculus mainly for the purpose of modeling the
engineering problems mathematically and obtaining solutions.
 To deal with topics such as single variable and multivariable Calculus.
 To play an important role in the understanding of science, engineering, economics
and computer science, among other disciplines.
UNIT I EVALUATION AND APPLICATION OF MATRICES 12
Definition - Basic concepts of Matrices - Eigen values and Eigen vectors of a real matrix -
Characteristic equation -Properties of Eigen values and Eigen vectors - Cayley - Hamilton
theorem - Diagonalization of matrices - Reduction of a quadratic form to canonical form by
Orthogonal transformation - Nature of quadratic forms.

UNIT II DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 12

Limit of a function - Continuity - Derivatives - Differentiation Rules - Mean Value Theorem -
Interval of increasing and decreasing functions - Maxima and Minima - Interval of concavity
and convexity.

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UNIT III MULTIVARIABLE CALCULUS 12
Limits and Continuity - Partial derivatives - Total derivative - Differentiation of implicit
functions - Jacobian and properties -Taylor’s series for functions of two variables -Maxima,
Minima and saddle points - Method of Lagrange multipliers.
UNIT IV INTEGRAL CALCULUS 12
Definite Integrals and its properties - Fundamental theorem of Calculus - Techniques of
integration for Indefinite Integrals using basic integration formulas -Integration by parts -
Trigonometric Substitutions -Integration of Rational functions by Partial Fractions.

UNIT V MULTIPLE INTEGRAL AND THEIR APPLICATIONS 12

Double integrals - Change the order of integration - Polar Coordinates - Area - Change of
variables - Triple integrals - Volume - Applications - Areas and Volumes.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Express large amounts of data and functions in an organized and concise form apart
from diagonalizing matrices.
2. Solve maxima and minima problems using differentiation.
3. Apply functions of several variables to solve problems in engineering and technology.
4. Evaluate integrals by using Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
5. Apply integration to compute multiple integrals, area, volume, integrals in polar
coordinates, in addition to change the order and change of variables.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Grewal B.S.,“Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 43rd
Ed., 2014.
2. Veerarajan T, “Engineering Mathematics”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2011.
REFERENCES
1. Bali N. P. and Manish Goyal, “Engineering Mathematics” (For Semester I) Third
Edition, University Science Press, 2017.
2. Erwin Kreyszig, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, 10th Edition, John Wiley &
Sons,2014
3. Fritz John and Richard Courant, “Introduction to Calculus and Analysis” Springer,
1999.
4. James Stewart, "Calculus: Early Transcendental", Cengage Learning, 7th Edition,
New Delhi, 2015.
5. Venkatraman M K, “Engineering Mathematics, Volume-I”, Second edition, National
Publishing Co, Chennai, 2003.

U20PH101 ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Adequate knowledge in basic and modern physics.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To import knowledge in basic concepts of physics relevant to engineering
applications.

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  Capability to understand advanced topics in engineering.
 To acquire the knowledge of recent trends in LASER, Optical Fiber, and Ultrasonic.

UNIT I SOLID STATE PHYSICS 9

Lattice -unit cell -seven crystal systems -Bravai’s lattices -lattice planes -Miller indices –
derivation for inter-planar spacing in terms of Miller indices-calculation of number of atoms
per unit cell , atomic radius , coordination number and packing factor for SC, BCC, FCC and
HCP structures. X-ray diffraction: Bragg’s law -diffraction methods: powder and Laue
methods. Crystal Growth Techniques: melt growth technique (Bridgman and Czochralski
techniques).
UNIT II ELASTICITY OF MATTER 9
Introduction- Elasticity - Plasticity–Hooke’s law - relationship between three modulii of
elasticity (qualitative) -stress –strain diagram -Poisson’s ratio - factors affecting elasticity.
Beam: Internal Bending moment -Cantilever: theory and experiment-Young’s modulus:
theory and experiment (uniform and non-uniform bending) -I-shaped girders-advantages and
applications -twisting couple of a wire or cylinder -torsion pendulum - determination of
moment of inertia of disc and rigidity modulus of cylindrical wire.

UNIT III ULTRASONICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS 9

Introduction-classification of sound- properties of infrasonics, audible and ultrasonics -
production: magnetostriction and piezoelectric methods–detection of ultrasonic waves–
determination of velocity of sound in liquid (Acoustic grating method). Applications:
Engineering and medical field- Non-destructive testing: pulse echo system through
transmission and reflection modes. Ultrasonic scanning methods-Sonogram.

UNIT IV MODERN PHYSICS 9

Black body radiation- Basic Laws -Planck’s hypothesis and its radiation law: derivation -
deduction of Wien’s displacement law and Rayleigh Jean’s law from Planck’s law -Photons
and its properties- Compton Effect –derivation –experimental verification. Photo Electric
effect and its Laws -Einstein’s Equation - Matter waves–de-Broglie hypothesis - de-Broglie
wavelength-Schrodinger’s time independent and time dependent wave equations -physical
significance of the wave function. Application: particle in one dimensional box-normalization -
degenerate and non-degenerate states.

UNIT V LASER AND OPTICAL FIBER 9

Laser: properties–population inversion-pumping methods –Einstein’s coefficients-derivation.
Types: He-Ne and semiconductor lasers (Homo and Hetero junction) –uses of LASER-
Hologram -Construction and Reconstruction Process. Optical fiber: Structure-advantages of
optical fibre-Principle and propagation of light through optical fiber–expressions for numerical
aperture and acceptance angle–fabrication of optical fiber- types of optical fibers-fiber optical
communication system -endoscope -Fiber optic sensors (Qualitative Study only).

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Assess the elastic behavior of the materials and bending behavior of beam.
2. Acquire knowledge of NDT and applications of ultrasonics.
3. Know the development of modern physics and its applications.

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 4. Recognize the uses of laser and fiber optics.
5. Distinguish the different crystal systems, structural determination and synthesis of
crystals.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Marikani, “Engineering Physics”, PHI, New Delhi, 2013.
2. S. Vadivel & A. Pannerselvam, “Engineering Physics”, Jaitech Publications, 2015.

REFERENCES
1. Selladurai, “Engineering Physics Part-I”, PHI learning private limited, New Delhi,
2010.
2. V.Rajendran, “Engineering Physics”, Tata McGraw-Hill. New Delhi.2011
3. P. K. Palanisamy “Engineering Physics”. Scitech Publications, 2011
4. Raymond A. Serway and John Jewett, Jr. , “Physics for Scientist and Engineer with
modern Physics”, Mary Finch Publication, 9th edition,2014.
5. William T. Silfvast ,“Laser Fundamentals”, Second Edition, Cambridge University
Press, 2008.

U20CY101 ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics of Ionisation, adsorption phenomenon kinetics, Light emission
components
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To make the students conversant with basics of polymer chemistry.
 To make the student acquire sound knowledge of second law of thermodynamics
and second law based derivations of importance in engineering applications in all
disciplines.
 To acquaint the student with concepts of important photo physical and photochemical
processes and spectroscopy.
 To develop an understanding of the basic concepts of phase rule and its applications
to single and two Component systems and appreciate the purpose and significance
of alloys.
UNIT I BASICS OF POLYMER 9
Introduction: Classification of Polymers -Natural and Synthetic: Thermoplastic and
Thermosetting Functionality -Degree of Polymerization. Types and mechanism of
Polymerization: Addition, Condensation and Co-polymerization.
Properties of Polymer - Techniques of Polymerization: Bulk, Emulsion, Solution and
Suspension. Preparation, Properties and uses of Nylon6.6, and Epoxy resin.

UNIT II SURFACE CHEMISTRY AND CATALYSIS 9

Adsorption: Types of Adsorption -Adsorption of gases on solids -Adsorption of solute from
solutions -Adsorption isotherms -Freundlich’s Adsorption Isotherm -Langmuir’s Adsorption
Isotherm -Applications of Adsorption on pollution abatement. Catalysis: Catalyst -Types of
Catalysis -Criteria -Auto Catalysis -Catalytic Poisoning and Catalytic Promoters - Acid Base
Catalysis -Enzyme Catalysis - Michaelis -Menten equation.

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UNIT III CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS 9
Terminology of Thermodynamics - Second Law: Entropy - Entropy change for an ideal gas,
Reversible and Irreversible Processes; Entropy of Phase Transitions; Clausius inequality.
Free Energy and Work function: Helmholtz and Gibbs free energy functions - Criteria of
Spontaneity: Gibbs - Helmholtz equation -Clausius - Clapeyron equation: Maxwell Relations
- Van’t Hoff Isotherm and Isochore.

UNIT PHOTO CHEMISTRY AND SPECTROSCOPY 9

IV
Photo Chemistry: Laws of Photo Chemistry - Grotthuss-Draper law, Stark - Einstein Law
and Lambert - Beer Law. Quantum Efficiency - Determination - Photo Processes
- Internal Conversion, Inter - system crossing, Fluorescence, Phosphorescence,
Chemiluminescence and Photo-sensitization. Spectroscopy: Electromagnetic Spectrum-
Absorption of Radiation - Electronic, Vibrational and Rotational transitions. UV - visible and
IR Spectroscopy.

UNIT V PHASE RULE AND ALLOYS 9

Phase Rule: Introduction, Definition of terms with examples, One Component System -
Water System - Reduced Phase Rule - Two Component Systems - Classification - Lead -
Silver system, Zinc - Magnesium system. Alloys: Introduction - Definition-
Properties of Alloys - Significance of Alloying, Functions and Effect of Alloying elements-
Ferrous Alloys- Nichrome and Stainless Steel - Heat Treatment of Steel.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners able to
1. Describe the General Structure of Polymers. Identify and Explain differences
between Addition and Stepwise Polymerization.
2. Explain how selected Isomers could be used for measurement of Surface Area of
Materials or in Rationalization of Catalysis.
3. Derive and discuss the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics.
4. Making possible to apply this knowledge in different areas, other than Photo
Chemistry and Spectroscopy.
5. Illustrate the Phase Transition of One Component and Two Component system and
Types of Alloys and their applications in industries.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Jain P.C. and Monica Jain, “Engineering Chemistry”, Dhanpat Rai Publishing
Company (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2010.
2. Kannan P., Ravikrishnan A., “Engineering Chemistry”, Sri Krishna Hi- tech
Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd. Chennai, 2009.
REFERENCES
1. Dara S.S, Umare S.S, “Engineering Chemistry”, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New
Delhi 2010.
2. Sivasankar B., “Engineering Chemistry”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company, Ltd., New Delhi, 2008.
3. Gowariker V. R. , Viswanathan N.V. and Jayadev Sreedhar, “Polymer Science”,
New Age International P (Ltd.,), Chennai, 2006.

15
 4. Shashi Chawla, “A Text Book of Engineering Chemistry”, Dhanapat Rai & Co. (P)
Ltd, Delhi, 2013.
5. Satya Prakash and Manish Agarwal, “Engineering Chemistry”, Khanna Book
Publishing Co.(P) Ltd, Delhi,2018.

U20GE101 C - PROGRAMMING L T P C
(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basic Computer knowledge to access a computer
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To develop C Programs using basic programming constructs
 To develop C programs using arrays and strings
 To develop applications in C using functions , pointers and structures
 To do input/output and file handling in C.
UNIT I BASICS OF C PROGRAMMING 9
Introduction to programming paradigms - Structure of C program - C programming: Data
Types - Storage classes - Constants - Keywords - Operators: Precedence and Associativity
- Expressions - Input/ Output statements, Assignment statements - Decision making
statements - Switch statement - Looping statements - Pre-processor directives - Compilation
process

UNIT II ARRAYS AND STRINGS 9

Introduction to Arrays: Declaration, Initialization - One dimensional array - Example Program:
Computing Mean, Median and Mode - Two dimensional arrays.- String operations: length,
compare, concatenate, copy - Selection sort, linear and binary search.

UNIT III FUNCTIONS AND POINTERS 9

Introduction to functions: Function prototype, function definition, function call, Built-in
functions (string functions, math functions) - Recursion - Example Program: Scientific
calculator using built-in functions, Binary Search using recursive functions - Pointers -
Pointer operators - Pointer arithmetic - Arrays and pointers - Array of pointers.

UNIT IV STRUCTURES 9
Structure - Nested structures - Pointer and Structures - Array of structures - Example
Program using structures and pointers - Union- Example Program using unions and pointers.

UNIT V FILE PROCESSING 9

Files - Types of file processing: Sequential access, Random access - Sequential access file
- Example Program: Finding average of numbers stored in sequential access file - Random
access file - Example Program: Transaction processing using random access files -
Command line arguments.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Develop simple applications in C using basic constructs
2. Design and implement applications using arrays and strings

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 3. Develop and implement applications in C using functions and pointers.
4. Develop applications in C using structures.
5. Design applications using sequential and random access file processing
TEXT BOOKS
1. Reema Thareja, ”Programming in C”, Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2016.
2. Kernighan, B.W and Ritchie, D.M, “The C Programming language”, Second Edition,
Pearson Education, 2006.
REFERENCES
1. Paul Deitel and Harvey Deitel, ―”C How to Program”, Seventh edition, Pearson
Publication
2. Juneja, B. L and Anita Seth, “Programming in C”, CENGAGE Learning India pvt. Ltd.,
2011
3. Pradip Dey, Manas Ghosh, “Fundamentals of Computing and Programming in C”,
First Edition, Oxford University Press, 2009.
4. Anita Goel and Ajay Mittal, “Computer Fundamentals and Programming in C”, Dorling
Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd., Pearson Education in South Asia, 2011.

U20GE102 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 2 0 4 4
Pre-requisite: Basic knowledge in practical geometry construction, imagination and
mathematics.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To develop in students, graphic skills for communication of concepts, ideas and
design of engineering products.
 To expose them to existing national standards related to technical drawings.
UNIT I PLANE CURVES AND ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION 6+12
Importance of graphics in engineering applications - Use of drafting instruments - BIS
conventions and specifications - Size, layout and folding of drawing sheets - Lettering and
dimension. Basic Geometrical constructions, Curves used in engineering practices: Conics -
Construction of ellipse, parabola and hyperbola by eccentricity method - Construction of
cycloid - construction of involutes of square and circle - Drawing of tangents and normal to
the above curves. Visualization concepts and Free Hand sketching: Visualization principles –
Representation of Three Dimensional objects - Layout of views- Freehand sketching of
multiple views from pictorial views of objects.
UNIT II PROJECTION OF POINTS, LINES AND PLANE SURFACE 6+12
Orthographic projection- principles-Principal planes-First angle projection-projection of
points. Projection of straight lines (only First angle projections) inclined to both the principal
planes - Determination of true lengths and true inclinations by rotating line method
(polygonal and circular surfaces) inclined to both the planes.
UNIT III PROJECTION OF SOLIDS 6+12
Projection of simple solids like prisms, pyramids, cylinder, cone and truncated solids when
the axis is inclined to one of the principal planes by rotating object method.
UNIT IV PROJECTION OF SECTIONED SOLIDS AND DEVELOPMENT 6+12
OF SURFACES
Sectioning of above solids in simple vertical position when the cutting plane is inclined to the
one of the principal planes and perpendicular to the other - obtaining true shape of section.
Development of lateral surfaces of simple solids - Prisms, pyramids cylinders and cones.

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UNIT V ISOMETRIC PROJECTION 6+12
Principles of Isometric Projection - Isometric scale –Isometric projections of simple solids
and truncated solids - Prisms, Pyramids, Cylinders, Cones- combination of two solid objects
in simple vertical positions.

TOTAL: 30+60 = 90 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Familiarize with the fundamentals and standards of Engineering graphics.
2. Perform freehand sketching of basic geometrical constructions and multiple views of
objects.
3. Project orthographic projections of lines and plane surfaces.
4. Draw projections and solids and development of surfaces.
5. Visualize and to project isometric and perspective sections of simple solids.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Natrajan K.V., “A text book of Engineering Graphics”, Dhanalakshmi Publishers,
Chennai, 2009.
2. Venugopal K. and Prabhu Raja V., “Engineering Graphics”, New Age International
(P) Limited, 2008.
REFERENCES
1. Bhatt N.D. and Panchal V.M., “Engineering Drawing”, Charotar Publishing House,
50th Edition, 2010.
2. Basant Agarwal and Agarwal C.M., “Engineering Drawing”, Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2008.
3. Gopalakrishna K.R., “Engineering Drawing” (Vol. I&II combined), Subhas Stores,
Bangalore, 2007.
4. N S Parthasarathy and Vela Murali, “Engineering Graphics”, Oxford University,
Press, New Delhi, 2015.
5. Shah M.B., and Rana B.C., “Engineering Drawing”, Pearson, 2nd Edition, 2009.
Publication of Bureau of Indian Standards:
1. IS 10711 - 2001: Technical products Documentation - Size and lay out of drawing
sheets.
2. IS 9609 (Parts 0 & 1) - 2001: Technical products Documentation - Lettering.
3. IS 10714 (Part 20) - 2001 & SP 46 - 2003: Lines for technical drawings.
4. IS 11669 - 1986 & SP 46 - 2003: Dimensioning of Technical Drawings.
5. IS 15021 (Parts 1 to 4) - 2001: Technical drawings - Projection Methods.

Special points applicable to Engineering Graphics:

1. There will be five questions, each of either or type covering all units of the syllabus.
2. All questions will carry equal marks of 20 each making a total of 100.
3. The answer paper shall consist of drawing sheets of A3 size only. The students will
be permitted to use appropriate scale to fit solution within A3 size.
4. The examination will be conducted in appropriate sessions on the same day

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U20BS101 PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LABORATORY L T P C
0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite: Basic knowledge of Physics and chemistry laboratory apparatus.
PHYSICS LABORATORY
COURSE OBJECTIVE
 To handle different experiments to test the physics concepts applied in optics, thermal
physics, electronics, sound, elasticity and etc..
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Find the Young’s modulus by non-uniform bending method
2. Verify of band gap energy of a PN junction semiconductor using PN junction kit
3. Determination of wavelength of Laser and particle size using Laser grating method
4. Determination of rigidity modulus of given wire using Torsion pendulum method
5. Determination of thickness of a thin specimen using Air wedge method

LABORATORY REQUIREMENT FOR BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS:

Young’s Modulus: Non-Uniform
bending
a. Travelling Microscope - 6 Nos.
b. Pin -Scale Knife edge - 6 Nos.
Band gap
a. PN Junction diode setup - 6 Nos.
b. Eliminator - 6 Nos.
Particle Size
a. Laser grating - 6 Nos.
b. Circular disc with particle coated - 6 Nos.
c.Laser Source - 6 Nos.

Torsional Pendulum
- 6 Nos.
a. Torsional Pendulum
- 6 Nos.
b. Thin wire
- 6 Nos.
c. Cloch
- 6 Nos.
d. Screw gange
Air wedge
a. Air wedge - 6 Nos.
b. Travelling Microscope - 6 Nos.
c.Mercury vapour lamp - 6 Nos.
TOTAL :30 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Apply the basic theory for the corresponding experiment

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 2. Know the procedure to use physics equipment
CHEMISTRY LABORATORY
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To make the student to acquire practical skills in the determination of water quality
 Parameters through volumetric and instrumental analysis.
 To acquaint the students with the determination of molecular weight of a polymer by
Viscometery.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Determination of DO content of water sample by Winkler’s method.
2. Determination of chloride content of water sample by argentometric method.
3. Determination of strength of given hydrochloric acid using pH meter.
4. Determination of strength of HCL using conductivity meter
5. Determination of molecular weight of polyvinyl alcohol using Ostwald viscometer.

LABORATORY REQUIREMENT FOR BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS:

a. Iodine flask
- 30 Nos.
b. PH meter
- 5 Nos.
c. Conductivity meter
- 5Nos.
d. Spectrophotometer
- 5 Nos.
e. Ostwald Viscometer
- 10 Nos.
f. Common Apparatus:
Pipette, Burette, Conical Flask, Porcelain tile, Dropper

TOTAL :30 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES :
Learners are able to
1. The students will be outfitted with hands-on knowledge in the quantitative
chemical analysis
of water quality related parameters.
2. Utilize the fundamental laboratory techniques for analyses such as titrations,
separation, purification and spectroscopy.

C - PROGRAMMING LABORATORY L T P C
U20GE103
(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite: Basic computer knowledge to install software.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To develop programs in C using basic constructs.
 To develop applications in C using strings, pointers, functions, structures.
 To develop applications in C using file processing.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Programs using I/O statements and expressions.
2. Programs using decision-making constructs.
3. Write a program to find whether the given year is leap year or Not? (Hint: not

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 every centurion year is a leap. For example 1700, 1800 and 1900 is not a leap
year)
4. Design a calculator to perform the operations, namely, addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division and square of a number.
5. Check whether a given number is Armstrong number or not?
6. Populate an array with height of persons and find how many persons are above
the average height.
7. Populate a two dimensional array with height and weight of persons and
compute the Body Mass Index of the individuals.
8. Given a string “a$bcd./fg “find its reverse without changing the position of special
characters.(Example input:a@gh%;j and output:j@hg%;a)
9. Convert the given decimal number into binary, octal and hexadecimal numbers
using user defined functions.
10. From a given paragraph perform the following using built-in functions:
a. Find the total number of words.
b. Capitalize the first word of each sentence.
c. Replace a given word with another word.
11. Solve towers of Hanoi using recursion.
12. Sort the list of numbers using pass by reference.
13. Generate salary slip of employees using structures and pointers.
14. Compute internal marks of students for five different subjects using structures
and functions.
15. Insert, update, delete and append telephone details of an individual or a
company into a telephone directory using random access file.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
LABORATORY REQUIREMENT FOR BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS:
HARDWARE:
1. Standalone desktops 30 Nos.
SOFTWARE:
1. C / Equivalent Compiler 30 Nos.
COURSE OUTCOMES
1. Develop C programs for simple applications making use of basic constructs, arrays
and strings.
2. Develop C programs involving functions, recursion, pointers, and structures.
3. Design applications using sequential and random access file processing.

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 SEMESTER II
U20HS201 FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH L T P C
(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics skills development of Reading and Writing.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To develop the basic reading and writing skills of first year engineering and
technology students.
 To help learners develop their listening skills, which will, enable them listen to
lectures and comprehend them by asking questions; seeking clarifications.
 To help learners develop their speaking skills and speak fluently in
real contexts.
 To help learners develop vocabulary of a general kind by developing
their reading skills
UNIT I VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR 9
Listening - Listening to talks mostly of a scientific/technical .Speaking - Asking for and giving
directions-Reading - reading short technical texts from journals-newspapers- Writing-
purpose statements–extended definitions- issue-writing instructions - recommendations-
Language Development–subject verb agreement -compound words. Technical vocabulary.

UNIT II TECHNIQUES OF READING AND WRITING 9

Listening: Listening Process; Types of Listening; Intensive vs. Extensive Listening; Barriers
to Listening. Speaking - describing a process-Reading - reading longer technical texts-
identifying the various transitions in a text- paragraphing- Writing- interpreting charts,
graphs- Language Development -vocabulary used informal letters/emails and reports
.Homonyms and Homophones-Common Errors. Numerical adjectives.

UNIT III GRAMMAR AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT 9

Listening- Listening to classroom lectures/ talks on engineering/technology -Speaking –
introduction to technical presentations- Reading–longer texts both general and technical,
practice in speed reading; Writing- checklists- Describing a process, use of sequence words-
Language Development -sequence words- Misspelled words.-use of clauses. Verb forms.
Direct/Indirect Speech.
UNIT IV INTERVIEW SKILL AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 9
Listening- Listening to documentaries and making notes. Speaking - mechanics of
presentations-Reading- Reading for detailed comprehension-Writing-email etiquette -job
application–cover letter- Résumé preparation ( via email and hard copy)- analytical essays
and issue based essays-- Language Development -finding suitable synonyms-paraphrasing-
. -if conditionals.

UNIT V TECHNICAL WRITING 9

Listening- TED/Ink talks; Speaking–participating in a group discussion - Reading- reading
and understanding technical articles Writing- Writing reports- minutes of a meeting- accident
and survey-Language Development- Comparative Adjectives

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

22
COURSE OUTCOMES
Learners are able to:
1. Use academic and technical vocabulary in relevant contexts. Construct meaningful
and grammatically correct sentence.
2. Effectively listen and acquire language and content, read fast and understand texts.
3. Use oral presentation skills in all professional contexts.
4. Demonstrate the understanding of the nature and importance of technical
communication Draft various types of technical and business documents like,
reports, proposals and business letters.
5. Compose documents like job application, book review etc.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Board of editors. Fluency Using English” A Course book for Undergraduate
Engineering Technologists”. Orient Blackswan, Hyderabad, 2015.
2. Sudharshana. N.P and Saveetha.C. “English for Technical Communication”.
Cambridge University Press: New Delhi, 2016.
REFERENCES
1. Barrass, Robert. “Scientists Must Write”. London: Routledge.2003.
2. Faculty of English. “Technical Communication”. SASTRA Publication. 2017.
3. Raman, Meenakshi & Sangeeta Sharma. “Technical Communication: Wren &
Martin. High School English Grammar and Composition”. (Revised edn.) New Delhi:
Chand & Co. 1995.
4. Dr.S.Sumant, “Technical English ” Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2001.
5. Essential English - E.Suresh Kumar, P. Sreehari, J. Savithri - Orient Blackswan 2011

ADVANCED CALCULUS AND ORDINARY L T P C

U20MA201
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
3 1 0 4
(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES)
Prerequisite: Basic concepts of vectors and complex numbers.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To familiarize the prospective engineers with techniques in ordinary differential
equations, complex variables and complex integration.
 The Study of Laplace transforms help to solve the differential equations that occur in
various branches of engineering disciplines.
 Vector calculus can be widely used for modeling the various laws of physics.
 The various methods of complex analysis can be used for efficiently solving the
problems that occur in various branches of engineering disciplines.
UNIT I APPLICATIONS OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 12
Basic concepts - Separable differential equations - Exact differential equations - Integrating
factors - Linear differential equations - Second order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients - Particular Integral using operator method and Method of variation of
parameters - Homogenous equation of Euler‘s and Legendre‘s type-Physical Applications-
Oscillations of a Spring.

23
UNIT II LAPLACE TRANSFORMS 12
Existence conditions - Transforms of elementary functions –Transform of unit step function
and unit impulse function - Basic properties - Shifting theorems -Transforms of derivatives
and integrals - Transform of periodic functions - Inverse transforms: Convolution theorem
(Statement only) and Partial Fractions - Application to solution of linear second order
ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients-Unit Step Function-Unit impulse
function.

UNIT III VECTOR CALCULUS AND APPLICATIONS 12

Gradient and directional derivative - Divergence and curl - Irrotational and Solenoidal vector
fields - Line integral - Surface integral - Area of a curved surface - Green’s, Gauss
divergence and Stokes’ theorems in evaluating line, surface and volume integrals (Planar,
Cylindrical and Spherical Surfaces).

UNIT IV ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS 12

Analytic functions - Necessary and sufficient conditions for analyticity in Cartesian form -
Properties - Harmonic conjugates - Construction of analytic function - Conformal mapping -
Mapping by function- Bilinear Transformation.

UNIT V CALCULUS OF COMPLEX FUNCTIONS 12

Complex integral - Cauchy’s integral theorem - Cauchy’s integral formula - Taylor’s and
Laurent’s series - Singularities - Residues - Residue theorem - Application of residue
theorem for evaluation of real integrals - Use of circular contour and semicircular contour (No
poles on the real axis).

TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Evaluate the effective mathematical tools to obtain the solutions of first and second
order differential equations that model physical processes.
2. Express Gradient, divergence and curl of a vector point function and related
identities. Evaluation of line, surface and volume integrals using Gauss, Stokes and
Green’s theorems and their verification.
3. Apply the tools of differentiation and integration of functions of a complex variable
that are used in various techniques dealing engineering problems.
4. Express Analytic functions, conformal mapping and complex integration.
5. Solve Laplace transform and inverse transform of simple functions, properties,
various related theorems and application to solve the differential equations with
constant coefficients.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Grewal B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 43rd
Edition, 2014.
2. Veerarajan T., “Engineering Mathematics for first year”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New
Delhi.
REFERENCES
1. Erwin Kreyszig, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, 9th Edition, John Wiley &

24
 Sons, 2014.
2. N. P. Bali and Manish Goyal “Engineering Mathematics” (For Semester II) Third
Edition, University Science Press.
3. O’Neil, P.V. “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Cengage Learning India Pvt., Ltd,
New Delhi, 2007.
4. James Stewart, "Calculus: Early Transcendentals", Cengage Learning, 7th Edition,
New Delhi, 2015.
5. Venkatraman M K, “Engineering Mathematics”, Volume 1,Second edition, National
Publishing Co,Chennai,2003.

U20PH201 ENGINEERING PHYSICS - II L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 3 0 0 3
Prerequisite: Basic knowledge in material property and its uses.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To understand the basics of electric, thermal, magnetic, super conducting and di
electric properties of materials
 To aware about recent trends in physics
UNIT I ELECTRON THEORY OF SOLIDS 9
Introduction: types of materials- classical free electron theory: postulates- derivation of
electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity- derivation. Wiedemann-Franz law and its
verification-merits and demerits of classical free electron theory. Quantum free electron
theory: Fermi energy level and its importance -Fermi-Dirac distribution function and its
variation with temperature - density of energy states –carrier concentration in metals -
average energy of electrons at 0 K.

UNIT II FUNDAMENTALS OF SEMICONDUCTORS 9

Introduction: properties- Types semiconductors- concept of effective mass of an electron and
hole. Intrinsic semiconductor: carrier concentration in an intrinsic semiconductor-derivation –
variation of Fermi energy level with temperature - Extrinsic semiconductor: carrier
concentration derivation (P and N type semiconductor) - Hall effect–theory and experimental
determination of Hall coefficient - Applications.

UNIT III DIELECTRICS AND FERRO ELECTRICS 9

Introduction: fundamental definitions in dielectrics–expressions for electronic and ionic
polarization mechanisms- orientation polarization - space charge polarization - Langevin -
Debye equation - frequency and temperature effects on polarization. Capacitor-energy
stored in capacitor- Internal field - Clausius Mossotti relation-dielectric loss –dielectric
breakdown - various breakdown mechanisms with characteristics - applications of dielectric
materials - Ferro electrics -properties and applications.

UNIT IV MAGNETISM AND SUPER CONDUCTORS 9

Magnetic Materials: Introduction-basic definitions - origin of magnetic moment –Bohr
magneton - magnetic materials: classification of dia, para, ferro magnetic materials. Ferro
magnetic domains-energies involved in the growth of magnetic domains-hysteresis-
explanation of hysteresis curve based on domain theory-soft and hard magnetic materials.
Superconducting Materials: properties - types - BCS theory of super conductivity-
Applications: cryotron and Mag-lev.

25
UNIT V NANOMATERIALS 9
Definition of nano system- Quantum confinement - 0D to 3D Quantum confined
nanostructures - density of energy states from 3D to 0D- Preparation: top down and bottom
up approaches- PLD - PVD - CVD - Electro deposition- Carbon nanotubes-types - SWCNT
and MWCNT, Armchair, Zig-zag and Chiral structures-properties-applications
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES :
Learners are able to
1. Select the metals required for specific applications in the area of engineering and
technology.
2. Distinguish between different types of semiconductor and determination of Hall co-
efficient.
3. Understand the property of dielectric and ferro electric property of materials.
4. Identify different magnetic materials and super conducting materials.
5. Understand the idea used in new technologies
TEXT BOOKS
1. V.Rajendran, “Materials Science”, Tata McGraw- Hill, New Delhi, 2011.
2. S. Vadivel, A. Pannerselvam, “Solid State Physics”, Jaitech Publications, 2015
(Revised edition).
REFERENCES
1. Charles Kittel, “Introduction to Solid State Physics”, John Wiley & sons, 7th edition,
Singapore (2007).
2. M. Arumugam, “Materials Science”. Anuradha publishers, 2010.
3. Dr. W. R. Fahrner, "Nanotechnology and Nanoelectronics Materials”, Devices,
Measurement Techniques", Springer, 2005
4. J M D. Coey, “Magnetism and Magnetic Materials”, Combridge University Press, 1st
edition, 2009.
5. V. Pokropivny, R. Lohmus, I. Hussainova, A. Pokropivny, S. Vlassov. Introduction in
nanomaterials and nanotechnology. - University of Tartu. - 2007.

U20GE201 PYTHON PROGRAMMING L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basic Knowledge of concepts like variables, loops and control statement
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To acquire programming skills in core Python.
 To develop Python programs with conditionals and loops.
 To develop the skill of designing Graphical user Interfaces in Python
 To use Python data structures –- lists, tuples, dictionaries.
 To do input/output with files in Python.
UNIT I ALGORITHMIC PROBLEM SOLVING 9
Algorithms, building blocks of algorithms (statements, state, control flow, functions), notation
(pseudo code, flow chart, programming language), algorithmic problem solving, simple
strategies for developing algorithms (iteration, recursion). Illustrative problems: find minimum
in a list, insert a card in a list of sorted cards, guess an integer number in a range, Towers of

26
Hanoi.

UNIT II DATA, EXPRESSIONS AND STATEMENTS 9

Python interpreter and interactive mode; values and types: int, float, boolean, string, and list;
variables, expressions, statements, tuple assignment, precedence of operators, comments;
modules and functions, function definition and use, flow of execution, parameters and
arguments; Illustrative programs: exchange the values of two variables, circulate the values
of n variables, distance between two points.

UNIT III CONTROL FLOW AND FUNCTIONS 9

Conditionals: Boolean values and operators, conditional (if), alternative (if-else), chained
conditional (if-elif-else); Iteration: state, while, for, break, continue, pass; Fruitful functions:
return values, parameters, local and global scope, function composition, recursion; Strings:
string slices, immutability, string functions and methods, string module; Lists as arrays.
Illustrative programs: square root, gcd, exponentiation, sum an array of numbers, linear
search, binary search.
UNIT IV LISTS, TUPLES AND DICTIONARIES 9
Lists: list operations, list slices, list methods, list loop, mutability, aliasing, cloning lists, list
parameters; Tuples: tuple assignment, tuple as return value; Dictionaries: operations and
methods; advanced list processing - list comprehension; Illustrative programs: selection sort,
insertion sort, merge sort, histogram.

UNIT V FILES, MODULES AND PACKAGES 9

Files and exception: text files, reading and writing files, format operator; command line
arguments, errors and exceptions, handling exceptions, modules, packages; Illustrative
programs: word count, copy file.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES :
Learners are able to
1. Develop algorithmic solutions to simple computational problems
2. Decompose a Python program into functions.
3. Implement database and GUI applications
4. Represent compound data using Python lists, tuples, dictionaries.
5. Read and write data from/to files in Python Programs.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Allen B. Downey,”Think Python: How to Think Like a Computer Scientist‘”, 2nd
edition, Updated for Python 3, Shroff/O‘Reilly Publishers, 2016
(http://greenteapress.com/wp/think-python/)
2. Guido van Rossum and Fred L. Drake Jr, “An Introduction to Python “, Revised and
updated for Python 3.2, Network Theory Ltd., 2011.
REFERENCES
1. John V Guttag, “Introduction to Computation and Programming Using Python‘”,
Revised and expanded Edition, MIT Press , 2013
2. Robert Sedgewick, Kevin Wayne, Robert Dondero, “Introduction to Programming in
Python: An Inter-disciplinary Approach”, Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd.,
2016.
3. Kenneth A. Lambert, “Fundamentals of Python: First Programs”, CENGAGE

27
 Learning, 2012.
4. Charles Dierbach, “Introduction to Computer Science using Python: A Computational
Problem-Solving Focus”, Wiley India Edition, 2013.
5. Paul Gries, Jennifer Campbell and Jason Montojo, “Practical Programming: An
Introduction to Computer Science using Python 3”, Second edition, Pragmatic
Programmers, LLC, 2013.

28
 L T P C
U20CH201 INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basic knowledge in physics and mathematics in order to solve problems related
to structural.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To use the standard atmosphere tables and equations
 To find lift and drag coefficient data from NACA plots
 To apply the concept of static stability to flight vehicles
 To describe the concepts of stress, strain, Young’s modulus, Possion’s ratio, yield
strength
 To demonstrate a basic knowledge of dynamics relevant to orbital mechanics
UNIT I STANDARD ATMOSPHERE 9
History of aviation – standard atmosphere - pressure, temperature and density altitude.

UNIT II AERODYNAMICS 9
Aerodynamic forces – Lift generation Viscosity and its implications - Shear stress in a velocity
profile - Lagrangian and Eulerian flow field - Concept of a streamline - Aircraft terminology and
geometry - Aircraft types - Lift and drag coefficients using NACA data.

UNIT PERFORMANCE AND PROPULSION 9

III
Viscous and pressure drag - flow separation - aerodynamic drag - thrust calculations -
thrust/power available and thrust/power required.

UNIT AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND STRUCTURAL THEORY 9

IV
Degrees of freedom of aircraft motions - stable, unstable and neutral stability - concept of static
stability - Hooke’s Law- brittle and ductile materials - moment of inertia - section modulus.

UNIT V SPACE APPLICATIONS 9

History of space research - spacecraft trajectories and basic orbital manoeuvres - six orbital
elements- Kelper’s laws of orbits - Newton’s law of gravitation.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
 Ability to understand aerodynamics, lift, drag, and the standard atmosphere, aircraft
performance, stability, and control, propulsion, structures, rocket and spacecraft
trajectories and orbits.

TEXT BOOKS
1. John D. Anderson, Introduction to Flight, 8th Edition, McGraw-Hill Education, New York,
2015.
2. Stephen. A. Brandt, "Introduction to Aeronautics: A design perspective" American Institute
of Aeronautics & Astronautics,1997.

29
REFERENCES
1. Kermode, A.C., “Mechanics of Flight”, Himalayan Book, 1997.
2. Anderson J D “Introduction to Flight”, British-Romanian University Publishing House; Air
Navigation Series edition, 8th edition 1978.
3. John P. Fielding, “Introduction to Aircraft Design” (Cambridge Aerospace Series Book
11) 2nd Edition, Kindle Edition, 2017.
4. John D Anderson, “Introduction to Flight” (McGraw-Hill Series in Aeronautical and
Aerospace Engineering)” 5 edition, 2004.
5. George Stimson “Introduction to Airborne Radar “(Aerospace and Radar Systems)”
SciTech Publishing Inc; 2nd edition, 1998).
L T P C
U20GE202 ENGINEERING MECHANICS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Mathematics I & II, Applied Physics
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To develop capacity to predict the effect of force and motion in the course of carrying out
the design functions of engineering
UNIT I STATICS OF PARTICLES 9
Introduction – Units and Dimensions – Laws of Mechanics – Lami‘s theorem, Parallelogram and
triangular Law of forces – Vectorial representation of forces – Vector operations of forces -
additions, subtraction, dot product, cross product – Coplanar Forces – rectangular components
– Equilibrium of a particle – Forces in space – Equilibrium of a particle in space – Equivalent
systems of forces – Principle of transmissibility

UNIT II EQUILIBRIUM OF RIGID BODIES 9

Centroids and centre of mass – Centroids of lines and areas - Rectangular, circular, triangular
areas by integration – T section, I section, - Angle section, Hollow section by using standard
formula –Theorems of Pappus - Area moments of inertia of plane areas – Rectangular, circular,
triangular areas by integration – T section, I section, Angle section, Hollow section by using
standard formula – Principal moments of inertia of plane areas – Principal axes of inertia-Mass
moment of inertia –mass moment of inertia for prismatic, cylindrical and spherical solids from
first principle.

UNIT III DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES 9

Displacements, Velocity and acceleration, their relationship – Relative motion – Curvilinear
motion - Newton‘s laws of motion – Work Energy Equation– Impulse and Momentum – Impact of
elastic bodies

UNIT IV DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES 9

Displacements, Velocity and acceleration, their relationship – Relative motion – Curvilinear
motion - Newton‘s laws of motion – Work Energy Equation– Impulse and Momentum – Impact of
elastic bodies.

UNIT V FRICTION AND RIGID BODY DYNAMICS 9

Friction force – Laws of sliding friction – equilibrium analysis of simple systems with sliding
friction –Translation and Rotation of Rigid Bodies – Velocity and acceleration – General Plane
motion of simple rigid bodies such as cylinder, disc/wheel and sphere..
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

30
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Illustrate the vector and scalar representation of forces and moments
2. Analyse the rigid body in equilibrium
3. Evaluate the properties of surfaces and solids
4. Calculate dynamic forces exerted in rigid body.
5. Determine the friction and the effects by the laws of friction.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Beer, F.P and Johnston Jr. E.R., “Vector Mechanics for Engineers (In SI Units): Statics
and Dynamics” , 8th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing company, New Delhi (2004).)
2. Vela Murali, “Engineering Mechanics” , Oxford University Press (2010)
REFERENCES:
1. Bhavikatti, S.S and Rajashekarappa, K.G., “Engineering Mechanics”, New Age
International (P) Limited Publishers, 1998
2. Hibbeller, R.C and Ashok Gupta, “Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics”, 11th
Edition, Pearson Education 2010
3. Irving H. Shames and Krishna Mohana Rao. G., “Engineering Mechanics Statics and
Dynamics” , 4th Edition, Pearson Education 2006
4. Meriam J.L. and Kraige L.G., “Engineering Mechanics- Statics - Volume 1, Dynamics”
Volume 2‖, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons,1993.
5. Rajasekaran S and Sankarasubramanian G., “Engineering Mechanics Statics and
Dynamics” , 3rd Edition, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 2005

U20GE203 ENGINEERING PRACTICES LABORATORY L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 0 0 4 2

Prerequisite: Basic knowledge of Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Equipments
COURSE OBJECTIVE
 To provide exposure to the students with hands on experience on various basic
engineering practices in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics Engineering.
GROUP A (CIVIL & MECHANICAL)
CIVIL ENGINEERING PRACTICES
Buildings:
a) Study of plumbing and carpentry components of residential and industrial buildings. Safety
aspects.

Plumbing Works:
a) Study of pipeline joints, its location and functions: valves, taps, couplings, unions, reducers,
elbows in household fittings.
b) Study of pipe connections requirements for pumps and turbines.
c) Preparation of plumbing line sketches for water supply and sewage works.
d) Hands-on-exercise:
Basic pipe connections - Mixed pipe material connection - Pipe connections with different
joining components.

31
e) Demonstration of plumbing requirements of high-rise buildings.

Carpentry using Power Tools only:

a) Study of the joints in roofs, doors, windows and furniture.
b) Hands-on-exercise: Wood work, joints by sawing, planing and cutting

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICES

Welding:
a) Preparation of butt joints, lap joints and T- joints by Shielded metal arc welding.
b) Gas welding practice
Basic Machining:
a) Simple Turning and Taper turning
b) Drilling Practice
Sheet Metal Work:
a) Forming & Bending:
b) Model making - Trays and funnels.
c) Different type of joints.
Machine assembly practice:
a) Study of centrifugal pump
b) Study of air conditioner
Demonstration on:
a) Smithy operations, upsetting, swaging, setting down and bending.
Example –Exercise - Production of hexagonal headed bolt.
b) Foundry operations like mould preparation for gear and step cone pulley.
c) Fitting - Exercises - Preparation of square fitting and V - fitting models.

GROUP B (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS)

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICES
1. Residential house wiring using switches, fuse, indicator, lamp and energy meter.
2. Fluorescent lamp wiring.
3. Stair case wiring
4. Measurement of electrical quantities - voltage, current, power & power factor in RLC circuit.
5. Measurement of energy using single phase energy meter.
6. Measurement of resistance to earth of an electrical equipment.
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING PRACTICES
1. Study of Electronic components and equipments - Resistor, colour coding measurement of
AC signal parameter (peak-peak, rms period, frequency) using CRO.
2. Study of logic gates AND, OR, EX-OR and NOT.
3. Generation of Clock Signal.
4. Soldering practice - Components Devices and Circuits - Using general purpose PCB.
5. Measurement of ripple factor of HWR and FWR.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS

32
LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS:
CIVIL
Assorted components for plumbing consisting of metallic pipes, plastic pipes, flexible pipes,
couplings, unions, elbows, plugs and other fittings.
1. Carpentry vice (fitted to work bench 15 sets
2. Standard woodworking tools 15 Nos.
3. Models of industrial trusses, door joints, furniture 15 sets
joints
Power Tools: 5 each
(a) Rotary Hammer 2 Nos
(b) Demolition Hammer 2 Nos

(c) Circular Saw 2 Nos

(d) Planer 2 Nos
(e) Hand Drilling Machine 2 Nos
(f) Jigsaw 2 Nos
MECHANICAL
Arc welding transformer with cables and holders 5 Nos.
1. Welding booth with exhaust facility 5 Nos.
2. Welding accessories like welding shield, chipping 5 Sets
hammer, wire brush, etc..
3. Oxygen and acetylene gas cylinders, blow pipe 2 Nos.
and other welding outfit.
4. Centre lathe 2 Nos.
5. Hearth furnace, anvil and smithy tools 2 Sets
6. Moldings table, foundry tools 2 Sets.
7. Power Tool: Angle Grinder 2 Nos.
8. Study-purpose items: centrifugal pump, air- One each
conditioner
ELECTRICAL
1. Assorted electrical components for house wiring 15 Sets
2. Electrical measuring instruments 10 Sets
3. Study purpose items: Iron box, fan and regulator, 1 each
emergency lamp 1 No.
4. Megger (250V/500V) 2 Nos.
5. Power Tools: 2 Nos.
a) Range Finder 2 Nos.
b) Digital Live-wire detector 2 Nos.

ELECTRONICS
1. Soldering guns 10 Nos.

33
2. Assorted electronic components for making
circuits 50 Nos.
Small PCBs
3. Multimeters 10 Nos.
4. Study purpose items: 10 Nos. (Telephone, FM radio, low-
voltage power supply)
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Fabricate carpentry components and pipe connections including plumbing works.
2. Use welding equipments to join the structures.
3. Carry out the basic machining operations
4. Make the models using sheet metal works
5. Illustrate on centrifugal pump, Air conditioner, operations of smithy, foundary and fittings
6. Carry out basic home electrical works and appliances
7. Measure the electrical quantities
8. Elaborate on the components, gates, soldering practices.

U20GE204 PYTHON PROGRAMMING LABORATORY L T P C

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) 0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite:. Basic knowledge of install programming soft ware
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To read, write and debug simple Python programs.
 To implement Python programs with conditionals and loops.
 To implement functions for structuring Python programs.
 Represent compound data using Python lists, tuples, and dictionaries.
 To get input data from/to files in Python.

LIST OF PROGRAMS
1. Write python program to Compute the GCD of two numbers.
2. Write python program to Find the square root of a number (Newton‘s method).
3. Write python program to Exponentiation (power of a number).
4. Write python program to Find the maximum of a list of numbers.
5. Write python program to Linear search and Binary search.
6. Write python program to Selection sort, Insertion sort.
7. Write python program to Merge sort
8. Write python program to First n prime numbers.
9. Write python program to Multiply matrices.
10. Implement python programs that take command line arguments (word count).
11. Implement python program to Find the most frequent words in a text read from a file .
12. Write python program to Simulate elliptical orbits in Pygame.
13. Write python program to Simulate bouncing ball using Pygame.
TOTAL :60 PERIODS

34
LABORATORY REQUIREMENT FOR BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS:
HARDWARE:
1. Standalone desktops 30 Nos
SOFTWARE:
1.Python 3 interpreter for Windows/Linux
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Learners are able to
1. Compile and execute simple Python programs.
2. Implement mathematical calculation in programs
3. Develop Python programs step-wise by defining functions and calling them.
4. Use Python lists, tuples, dictionaries for representing compound data.
5. Execute simulation of pygame programs

SEMESTER III

U20MA301 TRANSFORMS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS L T P C

3 1 0 4
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on Integral Calculus, Ordinary Differential Equation, Complex
Variable
OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce the basic concepts of PDE for solving standard partial differential equations.
 To introduce Fourier series analysis this is central to many applications in engineering apart
from its use in solving boundary value problems.
 To acquaint the student with Fourier series techniques in solving heat flow problems used in
various situations.
 To acquaint the student with Fourier, transform techniques used in wide variety of situations.
 To introduce the effective mathematical tools for the solutions of partial differential equations
that model several physical processes and to develop Z transform techniques for discrete
time systems.

UNIT I PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 12

Formation of partial differential equations – Singular integrals - Solutions of standard types of
first order partial differential equations - Lagrange’s linear equation - Linear partial differential
equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients of both homogeneous and non-
homogeneous types.

UNIT II FOURIER SERIES 12

Dirichlet’s conditions – General Fourier series – Odd and even functions – Half range sine series
– Half range cosine series – Complex form of Fourier series – Parseval’s identity – Harmonic
analysis.

UNIT III APPLICATIONS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 12

Classification of PDE – Method of separation of variables - Fourier Series Solutions of one-
dimensional wave equation – One dimensional equation of heat conduction – Steady state
solution of two-dimensional equation of heat conduction.

UNIT IV FOURIER TRANSFORMS 12

35
Statement of Fourier integral theorem – Fourier transform pair – Fourier sine and
cosine transforms – Properties – Transforms of simple functions – Convolution theorem –
Parseval’s identity.

UNIT V Z - TRANSFORMS AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS 12

Z-transforms - Elementary properties – Inverse Z-transform (using partial fraction and residues)
– Initial and final value theorems - Convolution theorem - Formation of difference equations –
Solution of difference equations using Z-transform.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
Upon successful completion of the course, students should be able to:
 Understand how to solve the given standard partial differential equations.
 Solve differential equations using Fourier series analysis which plays a vital role in
engineering applications.
 Appreciate the physical significance of Fourier series techniques in solving one- and two-
dimensional heat flow problems and one-dimensional wave equations.
 Understand the mathematical principles on transforms and partial differential equations
would provide them the ability to formulate and solve some of the physical problems of
engineering.
 Use the effective mathematical tools for the solutions of partial differential equations by
using Z-transform techniques for discrete time systems.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Grewal B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics", 43rdEd., Khanna Publishers, New Delhi,
2014.
2. Narayanan S., ManicavachagomPillay.T.K and Ramanaiah.G "Advanced Mathematics for
Engineering Students", Vol. II & III, S.Viswanathan Publishers Pvt. Ltd, Chennai, 1998.

REFERENCES:
1. B.V Ramana., "Higher Engineering Mathematics", McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd, New
Delhi, 2016.
2. Erwin Kreyszig, "Advanced Engineering Mathematics ", 10thEd., John Wiley, India, 2016.
3. G. James, "Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics", 3rdEd., Pearson Education, 2007.
4. L.C Andrews, L.C and Shivamoggi, B, "Integral Transforms for Engineers" SPIE Press,
1999.
5. N.P. Bali. and Manish Goyal, "A Textbook of Engineering Mathematics", 9thEd., Laxmi
Publications Pvt. Ltd, 2014.
6. R.C. Wylie, and Barrett, L.C., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics “Tata McGraw Hill
Education Pvt. Ltd, 6th Ed., New Delhi, 2012.

U20AE301 AERO ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basic ideas on Introduction to Physics I and Differential Equations

OBJECTIVES:
 Aero Thermodynamics study includes quantitative analysis of machine and processes for
transformation of energy and between work and heat.
 Laws of thermodynamics would be able to quantify through measurement of related
properties, to these energies and their interactions.
 To develop basic concept of air cycle, gas turbine engines and heat transfer.
 To understand the basic principles of propulsion system of aircraft.
 Thermodynamics heat transfer process would be able to understand their practical
applications and its problems.

36
UNIT I FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT AND FIRST LAW 9
Concept of continuum, macroscopic approach, thermodynamic systems – closed, open and
isolated. Property, state, path and process, quasi-static process, work, internal energy, enthalpy,
specific heat capacities and heat transfer, SFEE, application of SFEE to jet engine components,
First law of thermodynamics, relation between pressure, volume and temperature for various
processes, Zeroth law of thermodynamics.

UNIT II SECOND LAW AND ENTROPY 9

Second law of thermodynamics – Kelvin Planck and Clausius statements of second law.
Reversibility and Irreversibility, Thermal reservoir, Carnot theorem. Carnot cycle, Reversed
Carnot cycle, efficiency, COP, Thermodynamic temperature scale - Clausius inequality, Concept
of entropy, Entropy change for various processes. Mixing of fluids.

UNIT III AIR STANDARD CYCLES 8

Otto, Diesel, Dual, Ericsson, Atkinson, Stirling and Brayton cycles - air standard efficiency -
mean effective pressure.

UNIT IV FUNDAMENTALS OF VAPOUR POWER CYCLES 9

Properties of pure substances – solid, liquid and vapour phases, phase rule, p-v, p-T, T-v, T-s,
h-s diagrams, p-v-T surfaces, thermodynamic properties of steam - calculations of work done
and heat transfer in non-flow and flow processes - standard Rankine cycle, Reheat and
Regeneration cycle. Heat rate, Specific steam consumption, Tonne of refrigeration.

UNIT V BASICS OF PROPULSION AND HEAT TRANSFER 10

Classification of jet engines - basic jet propulsion arrangement – Engine station number, thrust
equation – Specific thrust, SFC, TSFC, specific impulse, actual cycles, isentropic efficiencies of
jet engine components, polytropic efficiency, conduction in parallel, radial and composite wall,
basics of convective and radiation heat transfer.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this course, the students will be able to
 Relate laws of thermodynamics to jet engine components.
 Understands principle operation of piston engine and jet engines.
 Identify efficient cycle of air and jet engines.
 Illustrate condition of working medium.
 Recognize and calculate heat transfer in complex systems involving several heat transfer
mechanisms.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Nag.P.K. “Engineering Thermodynamics”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2013.
2. Radhakrishnan E., “Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics”, Prentice-Hall India,
2010.
3. Yunus A. Cengel and Michael A. Boles, “Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach”
McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math; 7thedition 2010.

REFERENCES:
1. Arora C.P, “Thermodynamics”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2003.
2. Holman.J.P. “Thermodynamics”, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2007.
3. Merala C, Pother, Craig W, Somerton, “Thermodynamics for Engineers”, Schaum
Outline Series, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2004.
4. Ramalingam K.K. “Thermodynamics”, Sci-Tech Publications, 2006

37
 U20ES301 FLUID MECHANICSAND MACHINERY L T P C
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Adequate knowledge in General Physics and Introduction to Differential
Equations
OBJECTIVES:
 The properties of fluids and concept of control volume are studied
 The applications of the conservation laws to flow through pipes are studied.
 To understand the importance of dimensional analysis
 To understand the importance of various types of flow in pumps.
 To understand the importance of various types of flow in turbines.
UNITI FLUID PROPERTIESAND FLOW CHARACTERISTICS 9
Units and dimensions-Properties of fluids-mass density, specific weight, specific volume,
specific gravity, viscosity, compressibility, vapour pressure, surface tension and capillarity.
Flow characteristics –concept to control volume-application of continuity equation, energy
equation and momentum equation.

UNITII FLOW THROUGH CIRCULAR CONDUITS 9

Hydraulic and energy gradient-Laminar flow through circular conduits and circular annuli-
Boundary layer concepts– types of boundary layer thickness–Darcy Weisbach equation–
friction factor-Moody diagram- commercial pipes- minor losses–Flow through pipes in series
and parallel.

UNITIII DIMENSIONALANALYSIS 9
Need fordimensionalanalysis–methodsofdimensionalanalysis–Similitude–typesofsimilitude-
Dimensionless parameters- application of dimensionless parameters–Model analysis.

UNITIV PUMPS 9
Impact of jets- Euler’s equation- Theory of roto-dynamic machines–various efficiencies–
velocity components at entry and exit of the rotor-velocity triangles-Centrifugal pumps–working
principle- work done by the impeller-performance curves-Reciprocating pump-working
principle–Rotary pumps–classification.

UNITV TURBINES 9
Classification of turbines–heads and efficiencies–velocity triangles .Axial, radial and mixed
flow turbines. Pelton wheel, Francis turbine and Kaplan turbines-working principles-workdone
by water on the runner–draft tube. Specific speed-unit quantities– performance curves for
turbines– governing of turbines.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, the students will be able to
 Apply mathematical knowledge to predict the properties and characteristics of a fluid.
 Can analyse and calculate major and minor losses associated with pipe flow in piping
networks.
 Can mathematically predict the nature of physical quantities
 Can critically analyse the performance of pumps
 Can critically analyse the performance of turbines.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Modi P.N. and Seth, S.M."Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics", Standard Book House, New
Delhi 2019 (22nd Paperback edition). ISBN: 978-81-89401-26-9.
2. R.K. Bansal.” Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines” January 2018.
3. John. M. Cimbala Yunus A. Cengel.” Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications (4th
edition”, May 2019.

38
REFERENCES:
1. Graebel. W.P, "Engineering Fluid Mechanics", Taylor & Francis, Indian Reprint, 2011
2. Kumar K. L., "Engineering Fluid Mechanics", Eurasia Publishing House(p) Ltd., New Delhi
2016
3. Robert W. Fox, Alan T. McDonald, Philip J. Pritchard, “FluidMechanicsandMachinery”, 2011.
4. Streeter, V. L. andWylieE.B.,"FluidMechanics",McGrawHillPublishingCo.2010

U20AE302 SOLID MECHANICS L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: knowledge in General Physics, Mathematics and materials
OBJECTIVES:
 To enable understanding of the behaviour and response of materials.
 To allow the student to carry out easy and moderate level structural analysis of basic
structural members.
 To familiarise with the different methods used for beam deflection analysis.
 To impart knowledge to the students on how structural elements are sized.
 To enable the student to gain knowledge in how stresses are developed and distributed
internally.

UNIT I BASIC CONCEPTS & AXIAL LOADING 09

Normal Stress and Strain – Mechanical Properties of Materials – Material Constants – Study of
Stress-strain Curves of Different Materials – Elasticity & Plasticity – Hooke’s Law – Shear Stress
and Strain – Allowable Stresses and Allowable Loads – Design for Axial Loads – Impact Loading
– Thermal Stresses in Bars – Strain Energy in a Bar – Tapered Bar Subject to Axial Load.
UNIT II STRESSES IN BEAMS 09
Types of Beams, Loads, and Support Reactions – Relationships Between Load, Shear Force,
and Bending Moments – Shear-Force and Bending-Moment Diagrams – Curvature of a Beam –
Normal Stresses in Beams - Design of Beams for Bending Stress – Shear Stresses in Beams of
Rectangular & Circular Cross Sections – The I-Section Beam – Built-up Beams – Application
Problems.
UNIT III DEFLECTION OF BEAMS 09
Double integration method – macaulay’s method – moment area method – conjugate beam
method – principle of superposition – maxwell’s reciprocal theorem.
UNIT IV TORSION & SPRINGS 09
Torsion formulation stresses and deformation in circular and hollows shafts – Stepped shafts–
Deflection in shafts fixed at the both ends – Stresses in helical springs – Deflection of helical
springs, carriage springs.
UNIT V BIAXIAL STRESSES THIN CYLINDERS, SPHERES 09
Plane Stress – Principal Stresses and Maximum Shear Stresses – Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress
– Hooke’s Law for Plane Stress – Triaxial Stress – Spherical Pressure Vessels –Stresses in thin
cylindrical shell due to internal pressure circumferential and longitudinal stresses.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOME
At the end of this course, the students will be able to
 Clear understanding of mechanical behaviour of materials.
 Knowledge of different structural members and load types.
 Design members under axial loading.
 Design member under torsion loading.
 Calculate beams deflections.

39
 TEXT BOOKS:
1. James M. Gere, “Mechanics of Materials”, 8th Edition, 2013.
2. Bansal, R.K., "Strength of Materials", Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd., 2007
REFERENCES:
1. David Roylance ,'Mechanics of Materials,Wiley; 1st edition,1995
2. Hibbeler R.C,'Mechanics of Materials', 10th Edition, Pearson College Div, 2016
3. Rajput R.K, 'Strength of Materials', S.Chand Ltd, 4th Edition, 2006.
4. Jindal U.C., "Strength of Materials", Asian Books Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2007

U20AS302 MECHANICS OF MACHINES L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on Engineering Mechanics and Engineering Mathematics
OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the principles in the formation of mechanisms and their kinematics.
 To understand the effect of friction in different machine elements.
 To understand the importance of balancing and vibration.
 Easy to understand the importance of Governors and Gyroscopic effects
 Construction features of Gears and Gear Trains and kinematic mechanisms are to solve
their Engineering problems.

UNIT I KINEMATICS OF MACHINES 9

Mechanisms – Terminology and definitions – kinematics inversions of 4 bar and slide crank
chain – kinematics analysis in simple mechanisms – velocity and acceleration polygons – Cam
and followers – classifications – displacement diagrams - layout of plate cam profiles –
derivatives of followers motion

UNIT II GEARS AND GEAR TRAINS 9

Spur gear – law of toothed gearing – involute gearing – Interchangeable gears – Gear tooth
action interference and undercutting – nonstandard teeth – gear trains – parallel axis gears
trains – epicyclic gear trains.

UNIT III FRICTION 9

Types of friction – Friction Drives -friction in screw threads – bearings – Friction clutches – Belt
drives.

UNIT IV BALANCING and MECHANISM FOR CONTROL 9

Static and Dynamic balancing – Balancing of revolving and reciprocating masses – Balancing
machines -Balancing a single cylinder engine – Balancing of Multi-cylinder inline, V-engines –
Partial balancing in engines- Governors and Gyroscopic effects.

UNIT V VIBRATION 9
Free, forced and damped vibrations of single degree of freedom systems – force transmitted to
supports – vibration Isolation – vibration absorption – torsional vibration of shafts – single and
multirotor systems – geared shafts – critical speed of shafts.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, the students will be able to
 Understand the principles in the formation of mechanisms and their kinematics.
 Understand the construction features of Gears and Gear Trains.
 Understand the effect of friction in different machine elements.

40
  Understand the importance of balancing.
 Understand the importance of Governors and Gyroscopic effects.
 Understand the importance of vibration.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Antonio Simón Mata, Alex Bataller Torras.” Fundamentals of Machine Theory and
Mechanisms” 2016.
2. Ambekar A.G., Mechanism and Machine Theory‖ Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2007.
3. Shigley J.E., Pennock G.R and Uicker J.J., ―Theory of Machines and Mechanisms‖, Oxford
University Press, 2003.

REFERENCES:
1. Ramamurthi. V., "Mechanisms of Machine", Narosa Publishing House, 2005.
2. Robert L. Norton, "Design of Machinery", McGraw-Hill, 2012.
3. Thomas Bevan, ―Theory of Machines‖, CBS Publishers and Distributors, 2010.

L T P C
U20AS303 ELEMENTS OF SPACE FLIGHT
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics of spacecraft structures, flight controls and instrumentations

OBJECTIVES:
 To describe the historical evolution of different types of flight vehicles with classifications.
 Know the basic principles on which the development of aerodynamics and other principal
sub disciplines of aerospace engineering are made.
 To understand the basic concepts of spacecraft system and principles of flight.
 To understand the principles, constructions of aircraft engines and missiles.
 To know the functional requirements of satellite system.

UNIT I HISTORICAL EVOLUTION 9

Early airplanes, biplanes, monoplanes, Launch vehicles and Missiles – Developments in
aerodynamics, materials, structures and propulsion over the years – Different types of flight
vehicles, classifications – Conventional control and Powered control.

UNIT II PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT 9

Physical properties and structure of the atmosphere – Temperature, pressure and altitude
relationships – Evolution of lift, drag, moment and thrust – Manoeuvring Principles.

UNIT III SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES 10

Introduction – Design Philosophy – Design for Launch – Configuration Examples – Design
Verification – future for space structures.

UNIT IV POWER PLANTS USED IN AEROSPACE VEHICLES 9

Principles of operation of IC engine, turboprop and jet engines – use of propeller and jets for
thrust production – Comparative merits – Principles of operation of rocket, types of rockets and
missiles - typical applications – Exploration into space.

UNIT V BASICS OF SPACE DYNAMICS 8

Overview of astronomy – reference coordinate system in space, telescopes, flux, magnitudes –
Satellite Missions and introduction to orbital mechanics – Different types of satellites and their
applications.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

41
 OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Summarise the historical evaluation of aviation.
 Explain the forces and moments acting on a space flight.
 Understand the materials used in the manufacturing of aerospace structures.
 Identify the suitable power plant for the aerospace vehicles.
 Explain the governing dynamics of spaceflight, with emphasis on rocket dynamics and basic
orbital mechanics.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Anderson J.D., “Introduction to Flight”, McGraw-Hill, 8th Ed., 2015.
2. Dave Doody, “Basics of Space Flight”, NASA/JPL-Caltech, 2011.

REFERENCES:
1. Francis J. Hale, “Introduction to Space Flight”, Pearson, 1994.
2. George Cary Comstock, “A Text-Book of Field Astronomy for Engineers”, J. Wiley & sons,
2009.
3. Kermode, A.C., “Flight without Formulae”, Pearson Education; 5th Ed., 2004.
4. Wijker J.J., “Spacecraft Structures”, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.

U20ES302 FLUID MECHANICS AND MACHINERY LABORATORY L T P C

0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on fluid properties and behaviors
OBJECTIVES:
 To have practical exposure on pressure measuring instruments
 To learn about the practical application of Bernoulli’s theorem
 To have a practical knowledge about the Venturimeter and its applications
 To learn practically about the laminar flow characteristics
 To have a hands on experience on the determination of various performance parameters of a
centrifugal pump.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Determination of the Coefficient of discharge of given Orifice meter.

2. Determination of the Coefficient of discharge of given Venturi meter.
3. Calculation of the rate of flow using Rota meter.
4. Determination of friction factor for a given set of pipes.
5. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristic curves of centrifugal
pump/submergible pump
6. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristic curves of reciprocating pump.
7. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristic curves of Gear pump.
8. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristic curves of Pelton wheel.
9. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristics curves of Francis turbine.
10. Conducting experiments and drawing the characteristic curves of Kaplan turbine.

TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOME
At the end of this course, the students will be able to

42
CO1: Explain and apply the basic principles of buoyancy.
CO2: Determine discharge characteristics of flow meters.
CO3: Acquire knowledge on the impact characteristics of jets.
CO4: Measure physical properties of fluids and characterize the performance of fluid machinery.
CO5: Distinguish between laminar and turbulent flows.

LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS

S. NO. NAME OF THE EQUIPMENT Qty.

1 Orifice meter setup 1

2 Venturi meter setup 1
3 Rotameter setup 1
4 Pipe Flow analysis setup 1
5 Centrifugal pump/submergible pump setup 1
6 Reciprocating pump setup 1
7 Gear pump setup 1
8 Pelton wheel setup 1
9 Francis turbine setup 1
10 Kaplan turbine setup 1

U20AE304 THERMODYNAMICS AND STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

L T P C
LABORATORY
0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite: Fundamentals of the science of thermodynamics, control volume analysis and
mechanics of materials
OBJECTIVES:
 To have a practical exposure to the subject of thermodynamics principles.
 To conduct experiments to find the effectiveness of parallel flow and counter flow heat
exchangers.
 To test the flash point and fire point of oil.
 To have hands-on experience on various experiments related to solid mechanics
 To test and quantify the mechanical properties of Engineering Materials.
Thermodynamics Laboratory:
1. Determination of calorific value of a given fuel.
2. Free convective heat transfer from a flat plate
3. Determination of Effectiveness of parallel flow heat exchangers.
4. Forced convective heat transfer from a flat plate.
5. Determination of Effectiveness of a counter flow heat exchanger
6. Determination of Flash point and Fire point of the given oil.
Strength of Materials Laboratory:
1. Tension Test
2. Testing of springs
3. Impact test, Charpy mode
4. Deflection of Beams

43
 5. Hardness test.
6. Fatigue test for Elastomers
Any 10 experiments will be conducted from above 12 experiments
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOME
At the end of this course, the students will be able to
CO1: Test and quantify the mechanical properties of Engineering Materials.
CO2: Acquire knowledge on bending properties of beams.
CO3: Estimate the performance of heat exchangers.
CO4: Apply principles of convective heat transfer characteristics to practical systems.
CO5: Acquire Knowledge on ignition aspects of fuels and thermal properties of fuels.

LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS

Qty
S. NO. NAME OF THE EQUIPMENT
.
1 Bomb Calorimeter 1
Parallel and counter flow heat exchanger
2 1
test rig
3 Flash point apparatus. 1
4 Convective heat transfer 1
5 Universal Tensile Testing machine 1
Spring Testing Machine for tensile and
6 1
compressive loads
7 Brinell Hardness Testing Machine 1
8 Rockwell Hardness Testing Machine 1
9 Torsion Testing Machine 1
10 Impact Testing Machine 1

SEMESTER IV
U20MA401 NUMERICAL METHODS L T P C
3 1 0 4
OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce the basic concepts of solving algebraic and transcendental equations.
 To introduce the numerical techniques of interpolation in various intervals in real life
situations.
 To acquaint the student with understanding of numerical techniques of differentiation and
integration which plays an important role in engineering and technology disciplines?
 To acquaint the knowledge of various techniques and methods of solving ordinary
differential equations.
 To understand the knowledge of various techniques and methods of solving various types
of partial differential equations.

UNIT I SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS 12

Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations - Fixed point iteration method – Newton
Raphson method - Solution of linear system of equations - Gauss elimination method – Pivoting
- Gauss Jordan method – Iterative methods of Gauss Jacobi and Gauss Seidel – Eigen values
of a matrix by Power method and Jacobi’s method for symmetric matrices.

44
UNIT II INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION 12
Interpolation with unequal intervals - Lagrange's interpolation – Newton’s divided difference
interpolation – Cubic Splines - Difference operators and relations - Interpolation with equal
intervals - Newton’s forward and backward difference formulae.

UNIT III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION 12

Approximation of derivatives using interpolation polynomials - Numerical integration using
Trapezoidal, Simpson’s 1/3 rule – Romberg’s Method - Two point and three-point Gaussian
quadrature formulae – Evaluation of double integrals by Trapezoidal and Simpson’s 1/3 rules.

UNIT IV INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

12
Single step methods - Taylor’s series method - Euler’s method - Modified Euler’s method -
Fourth order Runge - Kutta method for solving first order equations - Multi step methods -
Milne’s and Adams - Bash forth predictor corrector methods for solving first order equations.

UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY AND PARTIAL

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 12
Finite difference methods for solving second order two - point linear boundary value problems -
Finite difference techniques for the solution of two-dimensional Laplace’s and Poisson’s
equations on rectangular domain – One dimensional heat flow equation by explicit and implicit
(Crank Nicholson) methods – One dimensional wave equation by explicit method.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
Upon successful completion of the course, students should be able to:
 Understand the basic concepts and techniques of solving algebraic and transcendental
equations.
 Appreciate the numerical techniques of interpolation and error approximations in various
intervals in real life situations.
 Apply the numerical techniques of differentiation and integration for engineering
problems.
 Understand the knowledge of various techniques and methods for solving first and
second order ordinary differential equations.
 Solve the partial and ordinary differential equations with initial and boundary conditions
by using certain techniques with engineering applications.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Burden, R.L and Faires, J.D, "Numerical Analysis", 9th Edition, Cengage Learning, 2016.
2. Grewal, B.S., and Grewal, J.S., "Numerical Methods in Engineering and Science", Khanna
Publishers, 10th Edition, New Delhi, 2015.

REFERENCES:
1. Brian Bradie, “A Friendly Introduction to Numerical Analysis”, Pearson Education, Asia, New
Delhi, 2007.
2. Gerald. C. F. and Wheatley. P. O., “Applied Numerical Analysis”, Pearson Education, Asia,
6th Edition, New Delhi, 2006.
3. Mathews, J.H. “Numerical Methods for Mathematics, Science and Engineering”, 2nd Edition,
Prentice Hall, 1992.
4. Sankara Rao. K., “Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers”, Prentice Hall of India
Pvt. Ltd, 3rd Edition, New Delhi, 2007.
5. Sastry, S.S, “Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis”, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, 5th
Edition, 2015

45
 L T P C
U20AS401 AERODYNAMICS
0 0 3 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on Physics, vector calculus, differential equations and fluid
mechanics

OBJECTIVES:
 To recall the governing equations of fluid mechanics.
 To understand the behaviour of airflow over bodies with particular emphasis on aerofoil
sections in the incompressible and compressible flow regime.
 To illustrate the conformal transformation and to extend the wing theory.
 To compare the interactions of shocks and expansion waves in fluid flow.
 To understand the fluid flow characteristics.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Basics of fluid flow, Vector relations – review, fluid models, Continuity, momentum and energy
equations, circulation, stream function, potential function, relation between stream function and
potential function. Measurement of airspeed, pitot tube, venturi and compressibility correction.
Pressure coefficient, Aerodynamic forces and moments, Types of drag.

UNIT II INVISCID INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW 9

Basic flows – Source, Sink, Free and Forced Vortex, Uniform, and Parallel Flow and their
combinations – Pressure and velocity distributions on bodies with and without circulation in ideal
and real fluid flows.

UNIT III INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW OVER AIRFOILS 9

Airfoil nomenclature, Airfoil characteristics, Vortex sheet, Kutta condition, Kelvin’s circulation
theorem, conformal transformation, Classical thin airfoil theory for symmetrical and cambered
airfoil, Aerodynamic centre, centre of pressure.

UNIT IV INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW OVER FINITE WING 9

Downwash, Induced drag, vortex filament, Biot- Savart law, Helmholtz’s theorem, Prandtl’s
classical lifting line theory, Lifting surface theory and vortex lattice method, Introduction to flow
over delta wing.

UNIT V AERODYNAMICS OF PROPELLERS 9

Aerodynamics of propellers: momentum theory, blade element theory. Application of the vortex
theory for analysis of propeller aerodynamics, Introduction to Wind turbine aerodynamics.

TOTAL =45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Calculate the airspeed, static and dynamic pressure of the flow at any point using
Continuity and Bernoulli equations.
 Explain the effect of airflow on an aircraft and its components using the laws of physics
and fundamental mathematical methods
 Describe the conformal transformation and its application to fluid flow problems
 Understand the fluid flow characteristics over aerofoils, wings, and airplanes.
 Obtain the knowledge in shock phenomenon and fluid waves.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Anderson J. D., “Fundamentals of Aerodynamics”, 5th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2010.
2. AndersonJ. D., “Modern Compressible Flow with Historical Perspective”, TMH, 3rd Ed.,
2012.

46
 3. Clancy L. J., “Aerodynamics”, Reprint Ed., Himalayan Books, 2006.

REFERENCES:
1. Bertin, J. J. and Cummings, R. M., “Aerodynamics for Engineers”, 6th Ed., Prentice Hall,
2013.
2. Drela, M., “Flight Vehicle Aerodynamics”, MIT Press, 2014.
3. Houghton, E. L., Carpenter, P. W., Collicott, S. H., and Valentine, D. T., “Aerodynamics for
Engineering Students”, 6th Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, 2012.
4. Milne Thomson, L.H., “Theoretical aerodynamics”, Dover Publications, 2011.

L T P C
U20AS844 SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics of spacecraft structural mechanics and vibrations.

OBJECTIVES:
 The course gives an exposure to the Spacecraft structural requirements.
 Structural configuration concepts and trade-offs
 Types of environmental loading during launch
 Factors to consider in material selection and types of structural tests

UNIT I SPACECRAFT DESIGN LOADS 9

Transportation load factors – Steady-State Loads – Mechanical Dynamic loads – Acoustic loads
– Shock loads – Static pressure variations – Micro-meteorites / Orbital Debris.

UNIT II DESIGN OF SPACECRAFT STRUCTURE 9

Introduction – Determination of Spacecraft Configuration – First Design Spacecraft Structure –
Basic Design Supporting Structure – Detailed Analyses – Manufacturing of the spacecraft
structure.

UNIT III SPACECRAFT MASS AND MODAL EFFECTIVE MASS 9

Introduction - Structure Mass - Total Mass Calculation - Enforced Acceleration - Modal Effective
Masses of an MDOF System.

UNIT IV FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION 9

Introduction – Palmgren-Miner Linear Cumulative Damage Rule – Analysis of Load-time
Histories – Failure due to Sinusoidal Vibrations – Failure due to Narrow-banded Random
Vibrations.

UNIT V DAMAGE TO SPACECRAFT BY METEOROIDS AND ORBITAL DEBRIS 9

Introduction – Micro-Meteoroids and Space Debris Environment – Micro-Meteoroids
Environment – Orbital debris Environment – Hyper Velocity Impact Damage Models – Single
Plate Penetration Equations – Multi-shock shield – Probability of Impacts.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Identify simplifying assumptions and applicability of 1 structural element theories.
 Solve by hand simple 1-D axial deformation, torsion, and bending problems.
 Solve more complex structural mechanics problems using commercial finite element
software.
 Solve simple discrete degree of freedom structural stability problems.
 Solve simple structural dynamics problems.

47
 TEXT BOOKS:
1. Thomas P. Sarafin, Wiley J. Larson, “Spacecraft Structures and Mechanisms: From Concept
to Launch”, Springer Netherlands, 1995.
2. Wijker J.J., “Spacecraft Structures”, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg,2008.

REFERENCES:
1. Carl C. Osgood, “Spacecraft Structures”, Prentice-Hall, 1966.
2. Junqiao Xiong, “Spacecraft Structures, Materials and Mechanical Testing”, Trans Tech
Publication, 2013.

L T P C
U20AE405 AIR BREATHING PROPULSION
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics principles of fluid mechanics and aerodynamics

OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the principles of operation of aircraft propulsion systems.
 To extend the performances of aircraft propulsion systems.
 To understand the basics of integral ram-rocket and its performance.

UNIT I SUBSONIC AND SUPERSONICINTAKES 9

Introduction to Gas turbine engine, Classification, Thrust Equation - Performance of subsonic
and supersonic intakes – Performance parameters – Sources of losses – Starting problem in
supersonic intakes – Modes of operation of an external compression intake.
UNIT II CENTRIFUGAL AND AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSORS 9
Principle of operation – Work done and pressure rise – diffuser – Compressibility effects – Non-
dimensional quantities for plotting compressor characteristics – Centrifugal compressor
characteristics. Basic operation – Elementary theory – Factors affecting stage pressure ratio –
Blockage in the compressor annulus – Degree of reaction – Three-dimensional flow –
Calculation of stage performance – Compressibility effects –Axial compressor characteristics.
UNIT III AXIAL AND RADIAL FLOW TURBINES 9
Elementary theory of axial flow turbine – Vortex theory – Choice of blade profile, pitch and chord
– Estimation of stage performance – Overall turbine performance – Turbine Blade Cooling–
Radial flow turbine – Operating Principle – Velocity Diagram and Applications – Matching of
Compressor and Turbine.

UNIT IV COMBUSTION CHAMBERS AND NOZZLES 9

Operational requirements – Types of combustion system – Gas Turbine Combustors –
Afterburners – Fuel injection in combustion chamber – Important factors affecting combustor
design– Combustion chamber performance – Exhaust Nozzles – Fixed and variable geometry
nozzles – Functions of nozzles – Thrust vector control – Thrust reversal.

UNIT V RAMJET PROPULSION 9

Thermodynamic cycle – performance parameters – Performance variation – Components –
combustors – Solid and liquid ramjets – Design of a Ramjet – basics of integral ram-rocket and
its performance.
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Acquire the fundamentals in internal flow, turbomachinery aerodynamics, and air-
breathing propulsion system design.
 Understand the performance characteristics of the compressors.
 Understand the performance characteristics of the turbines.

48
  Develop physical insight into the phenomena which characterize the fluid dynamic
behaviour of air-breathing propulsion systems.
 Determine the approximate use parameters of an existing gas turbine engine.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Farokhi, S., “Air Craft Propulsion”, Wiley, 2nd Ed., 2014.
2. Hill P. G., and Peterson C. R., “Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Propulsion”, Pearson
Education, 2nd Ed., 2009.

REFERENCES:
1. Mathur, M.L. and Sharma, R.P., “Gas Turbine, Jet and Rocket Propulsion”, Standard
Publishers & Distributors, Delhi, 2nd Ed., 2014.
2. Oates G. C., “Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Engine Components”, AIAA Education Series,
1985.
3. Rolls Royce, “The Jet Engine”, Hand Book, Wiley – 5thEd.,2015.
4. Saravana muttoo, H.I.H., Rogers, and G.F.C., Cohen, H., “Gas Turbine Theory”, Pearson,
7th Ed., 2017.

L T P C
U20AS403 SPACE SCIENCE
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge in Engineering Mechanics and Physics

OBJECTIVES:
 To outline the space environment and their effects.
 To extend the origin of universe and development.
 To classify the galaxies and their evolution.
 To interpret the variable stars in the galaxies.
 To explain theory of formation of our solar system.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction to space science and applications – historical development–Space Environment-
Vacuum and its Effects, Plasma & Radiation Environments and their Effects, Debris
Environment and its Effects - Newton's Law of gravitation– Fundamental Physical Principles.
UNIT II ORIGIN OF UNIVERSE 9
Early history of the universe – Big-Bang and Hubble expansion model of the universe – cosmic
microwave background radiation – dark matter and dark energy.

UNIT III GALAXIES 7

Galaxies, their evolution and origin – active galaxies and quasars – Galactic rotation –Stellar
populations – galactic magnetic field and cosmic rays.

UNIT IV STARS 10
Stellar spectra and structure – stellar evolution –Nucleo-synthesis and formation of elements –
Classification of stars – Harvard classification system –Hertsprung- Russel diagram –
Luminosity of star – variable stars – composite stars (white dwarfs, Neutron stars, black hole,
star clusters, supernova and binary stars) – Chandrasekhar limit.

UNIT V SOLAR SYSTEM 10

Nebular theory of formation of our Solar System – Solar wind and nuclear reaction as the source
of energy – Sun and Planets: Brief description about shape size – period of rotation about axis
and period of revolution – distance of planets from sun –Bode's law – Kepler's Laws of planetary

49
motion – Newton's deductions from Kepler's Laws – correction of Kepler's third law –
determination of mass of earth – determination of mass of planets with respect to earth – Brief
description of Asteroids – Satellites and Comets.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Obtain a broad, basic knowledge of the space sciences.
 Understand the scientific concepts such as evolution by means of natural selection, age
of the Earth and solar system and the Big-Bang.
 Detail the main features and formation theories of the various types of observed
galaxies, in particular the Milky Way.
 Explain stellar evolution, including red giants, supernovas, neutron stars, pulsars, white
dwarfs and black holes, using evidence and presently accepted theories;
 Detail the presently accepted formation theories of the solar system based upon
observational and physical constraints;
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Hess W., “Introduction to Space Science”, Gordon & Breach Science Pub; Revised Ed.,
1968.
2. KrishnaswamiK. S., “Astrophysics: A modern Perspective”, New Age International, 2006.

REFERENCES:
1. Arnab Rai Choudhuri, “Astrophysics for Physicists”, Cambridge University Press, New York,
2010.
2. KrishnaswamiK. S., “Understanding cosmic Panorama”, New Age International, 2008.

U20HS202 ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEAND ENGINEERING LT P C

3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
 To study the nature and facts about environment.
 To finding and implementing scientific, technological, economic and political solutions to
environmental problems.
 To study the interrelationship between living organism and environment.
 To appreciate the importance of environment by assessing its impact on the human
world; envision the surrounding environment, its functions and its value.
 To study the dynamic processes and understand the features of the earth‟s interior and
surface.
 To study the integrated themes and biodiversity, natural resources, pollution control and
waste management.

UNIT I ENVIRONMENT, ECOSYSTEMSAND BIODIVERSITY 14

Definition,scopeandimportanceofenvironment–needforpublicawareness-concept of an
ecosystem – structure and function of an ecosystem – producers, consumers and decomposers
– energy flow in the ecosystem – ecological succession – food chains, food webs and ecological
pyramids – Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and
functionofthe(a)forestecosystem(b)grasslandecosystem(c)desertecosystem(d)aquatic
ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) – Introduction to biodiversity
definition:genetic,speciesandecosystemdiversity–biogeographicalclassificationofIndia –value of
biodiversity :consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values–
Biodiversity at global, national and local levels–India as a mega-diversity nation– hot-
spotsofbiodiversity–threatstobiodiversity:habitatloss,poachingofwildlife,man-wildlife conflicts –
endangered and endemic species of India – conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and ex-situ

50
conservation of biodiversity. Field study of common plants, insects, birds; Field study of simple
ecosystems – pond, river, hill slopes.

UNIT II ENVIRONMENTALPOLLUTION 8
Definition–causes,effectsandcontrolmeasuresof:(a)Airpollution(b)Waterpollution(c) Soil pollution
(d)Marine pollution(e)Noise pollution(f)Thermal pollution(g)Nuclear hazards – solid waste
management: causes, effects and control measures of municipal solid wastes –
roleofanindividualinpreventionofpollution–pollutioncasestudies–disastermanagement: floods,
earthquake, cyclone and landslides. Field study of local polluted site – Urban / Rural / Industrial
/Agricultural.

UNIT III NATURALRESOURCES 10

Forest resources: Use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies- timber extraction,
mining, dams and their effects on forests and tribal people –Water resources: Use and over-
utilization of surface and ground water, floods, drought, conflicts over water, dams-benefits and
problems –Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and
using mineral resources, case studies – Food resources: World food problems, changes caused
by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water
logging, salinity, case studies – Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non-
renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. Case studies –Land resources:
Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and desertification–
role of an individual in conservation of natural resources–Equitable use of resources for
sustainable lifestyles. Field study of local are at document environmental assets–
river/forest/grassland/hill/ mountain.

UNIT IV SOCIALISSUESAND THE ENVIRONMENT 7

From unsustainable to sustainable development – urban problems related to energy –
water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management – resettlement and
rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns, case studies– role of non-governmental
organization- environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions – climate change, global
warming,acidrain,ozonelayerdepletion,nuclearaccidentsandholocaust,casestudies. –wasteland
reclamation–consumerism and waste products–environment production act –
Air(PreventionandControlofPollution)act–Water(PreventionandcontrolofPollution) act – Wildlife
protection act – Forest conservation act – enforcement machinery involved in environmental
legislation- central and state pollution control boards- Public awareness.

UNIT V HUMAN POPULATIONAND THE ENVIRONMENT 6

Population growth, variation among nations –population explosion–family welfare programme –
environment and human health–human rights–value Education–HIV/ AIDS–women and child
welfare – role of information technology in environment and human health – Case studies.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 Environmental Pollution or problems cannot be solved by mere laws. Public participation
is an important aspect which serves the environmental Protection. One will obtain
knowledge on the following after completing the course.
 Public awareness of environmental is at infant stage.
 Ignorance and incomplete knowledge haveled to misconceptions
 Development and improvement in std. of living has led to serious environmental
disasters

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Benny Joseph, ‘Environmental Science and Engineering’, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi,
2006.

51
 2. Gilbert M.Masters, ‘Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science’, 2nd edition,
Pearson Education, 2004.

REFERENCES:
1. Dharmendra S.Sengar, ‘Environmental law’,Prentice hall of India PVT LTD ,New Delhi, 2007.
2. ErachBharucha, “Textbook of Environmental Studies”, Universities Press(I) PVT, LTD,
Hydrabad, 2015.
3. G. Tyler Miller and Scott E. Spoolman, “Environmental Science”, Cengage Learning India
PVT, LTD, Delhi, 2014.
4. Rajagopalan, R, ‘Environmental Studies-From Crisis to Cure’, Oxford University Press, 2005.

L T P C
U20AS404 CAD LABORATORY
0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite: Basic knowledge on AutoCAD.

OBJECTIVE:
To make the students familiarize with computational fluid dynamics and structural analysis
software tools. By employing these tools for Aerospace applications students will have an
opportunity to expose themselves to simulation software.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Computer aided design of subsonic and supersonic diffusers.
2. Computer aided design of a compressor blade.
3. Computer aided design of a Converging-diverging nozzle.
4. Computer aided design of typical aircraft wing.
5. Computer aided design of typical fuselage structure.
6. Computer aided design of a landing gear.
7. Computer aided design of a launch vehicles.
8. Computer aided design of re-entry vehicles.
9. Computer aided design of a Missiles.
10. Computer aided design of a Satellites.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Use commercial design software and understand its structure.
 Design the aircraft and spacecraft components and solve engineering problems.
 Write formal technical report and convey engineering.

LIST OF EQUIPMENT
(for a batch of 30 students)
Sl.No. Name of the Equipment Quantity
1 Computer nodes 30
2 CATIA – CAD Packages 30 Licenses
3 UPS 1
4 Printer 1

52
 L T P C
U20AS405
STRUCTURES LABORATORY 0 0 4 2

Pre-requisite: Knowledge on aircraft structural components and basic principles of strength of

materials

OBJECTIVE:
To experimentally study the unsymmetrical bending of beams, find the location of shear centre,
obtain the stresses in circular discs and beams using photo elastic techniques, calibration of
photo-elastic materials and study on vibration of beams.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Unsymmetrical bending of beams.
2. Find the shear centre location for open sections.
3. Find the shear centre location for closed sections.
4. Experiment the constant strength beam.
5. Draw the flexibility matrix for cantilever beam.
6. Beam with combined loading.
7. Calibration of Photo-elastic materials.
8. Stresses in circular discs and beams using photo-elastic techniques.
9. Vibrations of beams.
10. Experiment with the Wagner beam – Tension field beam.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Understand the effects of bending in the aerospace structures.
 Find the shear centre of the aerospace structures.
 Conduct test on beams for the structural analysis.
 Use the photo-elastic techniques on the aerospace structures.
 Present the experimental findings in clear oral and concise report.

LIST OF EQUIPMENTS
(For a batch of 30 students)
S. No Details of Equipment Qty Experiment
Req. No.
1 Beam Test set –up 2 1, 2, 3,4
2 Unsymmetrical sections like ‘Z’ sections 2 1, 2, 3
3 Channel section and angle section 2 1, 2, 3
4 Dial gauges 12 1, 2, 3
5 Weights 1 Kg 10 1, 2, 3
6 Weights 2 Kg 10 1, 2, 3
7 Strain indicator and strain gauges One set 4,5,6
8 Photo – elastic apparatus 1 7,8
9 Amplifier 2 9
10 Exciter 2 9
11 Pick – up 2 9
12 Oscilloscope 2 9
13 Wagner beam 1 10
14 Hydraulic Jack 1 10

53
 SEMESTER V
U20AE501 FLIGHT DYNAMICS LT P C
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basic knowledge of flight controls, Vectors, Rigid body dynamics and
Aerodynamics

OBJECTIVE:
To study the performance of airplanes under various operating conditions and the static and
dynamic response of aircraft for both voluntary and involuntary changes in flight conditions

UNIT I CRUISING FLIGHT PERFORMANCE 9

Forces and moments acting on a flight vehicle – Equation of motion of a rigid flight vehicle –
Different types of drag –estimation of parasite drag co-efficient by proper area method- Drag
polar of vehicles from low speed to high speeds – Variation of thrust, power with velocity and
altitudes for air breathing engines. Performance of airplane in level flight – Power available and
power required curves. Maximum speed in level flight – Conditions for minimum drag and power
required

UNIT II MANOEUVERING FLIGHT PERFORMANCE 9

Range and endurance – Climbing and gliding flight (Maximum rate of climb and steepest angle
of climb, minimum rate of sink and shallowest angle of glide) – Take-off and landing – Turning
performance (Turning rate turn radius). Bank angle and load factor – limitations on turn – V-n
diagram and load factor.

UNIT III STATIC LONGITUDINAL STABILITY 9

Degree of freedom of rigid bodies in space – Static and dynamic stability – Purpose of controls
in airplanes -Inherently stable and marginal stable airplanes – Static, Longitudinal stability –
Stick fixed stability – Basic equilibrium equation – Stability criterion – Effects of fuselage and
nacelle – Influence of CG location – Power effects – Stick fixed neutral point – Stick free
stability-Hinge moment coefficient – Stick free neutral points-Symmetric manoeuvres– Stick
force gradients – Stick force per ‘g’– Aerodynamic balancing.

UNIT IV LATERAL AND DIRECTIONAL STABILITY 9

Dihedral effect – Lateral control – Coupling between rolling and yawing moments – Adverse yaw
effects – Aileron reversal – Static directional stability – Weather cocking effect – Rudder
requirements – One engine inoperative condition – Rudder lock.

UNIT V DYNAMIC STABILITY 9

Introduction to dynamic longitudinal stability: - Modes of stability, effect of freeing the stick –
Brief description of lateral and directional. Dynamic stability – Spiral, divergence, Dutch roll, auto
rotation and spin.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 Know about the forces and moments that are acting on an aircraft, the different types
of drag, drag polar, ISA, variation of thrust, power, SFC with velocity and altitude.
 Have understanding about performance in level flight, minimum drag and power
required, climbing, gliding and turning flight, v-n diagram and load factor.
 Knowledge about degrees of stability, stick fixed and stick free stability, stability
criteria, effect of fuselage and CG location, stick forces, aerodynamic balancing.
 Understanding about lateral control, rolling and yawing moments, static directional
stability, rudder and aileron control requirements and rudder lock.
 Understanding about dynamic longitudinal stability, stability derivatives, modes and
stability criterion, lateral and directional dynamic stability.

54
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mc Cornick. W., “Aerodynamics, Aeronautics and Flight Mechanics”, John Wiley, NY, 1995.
2. Nelson, R.C. “Flight Stability and Automatic Control”, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 2004.
3. Perkins, C.D., and Hage, R.E., “Airplane Performance stability and Control”, John Wiley
&Son:, Inc, NY, 1988.

REFERENCES:
1. Babister, A.W., “Aircraft Dynamic Stability and Response”, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1980.
2. Dommasch, D.O., Sherby, S.S., and Connolly, T.F., “Aeroplane Aero dynamics”, Third
Edition, Issac Pitman, London, 1981.
3. Etkin, B., “Dynamics of Flight Stability and Control”, Edn. 2, John Wiley, NY, 1982.
4. Mc Cornick B. W, “Aerodynamics, Aeronautics and Flight Mechanics”, John Wiley, NY, 1995.

L T P C
U20AS501 COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVE:

• To introduce the concepts of compressibility,

• To make the student understand the theory behind the formation of shocks and
expansion fans in Supersonic flows.
• To introduce the methodology of measurements in Supersonic flows.

UNIT I ONE DIMENSIONAL COMPRESSIBLE FLOW 10

Compressibility - Fundamental assumptions- continuum flow, one dimensional flow. Steady one-
dimensional compressible flow – continuity equation, Euler equation, steady flow energy
equation, equation of state, entropy considerations. Perfect gases- velocity of sound in medium.
Moving disturbances and pressure field-Mach cone. Review of Thermodynamics- heat and
work, thermodynamic laws, heat engine, entropy-fundamentals. One-dimensional isentropic
flow- governing equations, stagnation conditions, critical conditions, maximum discharge
velocity, isentropic relations in tabular and graphical form and their applications. Entropy change
in ideal gases. Area velocity relations, critical area, convergent nozzle. Choked flow.

UNIT II NORMAL AND OBLIQUE SHOCK WAVES 9

Shock waves- generation and types. Normal shocks – standing and moving, flow property
relations across standing and moving normal shocks. Prandtl’s relation, Rankine-Hugonoit’s
relation, changes of stagnation pressure and entropy across normal shocks. Rayleigh
supersonic pitot formula. Relations in tabular and graphical form and their applications. Oblique
shocks, oblique shock relations using normal shock analogy. Relations in tabular and graphical
form and their applications.

UNIT III DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF MOTION FOR STEADY COMPRESSIBLE

FLOW 9
Concepts of shock polar, shock reflection, shock intersection and interactions, Mach reflection,
flow over a blunt body-detached shock. Analysis of isentropic compression, reflected shocks
and slipstreams using charts and tables. Isentropic expansion, Prandtl-Mayer expansion fans.
Fan angle. Reflection of expansion waves-concept- formation of shock diamonds. Use of charts
and tables for flow analysis across expansion fans.

55
 UNIT IV FLOW IN CONSTANT AREA DUCT WITH FRICTION AND HEAT TRANSFER
9
Compressible flow in constant area ducts with friction and heat transfer. Fanno and Rayleigh
lines. Property variations in Fanno and Rayleigh flow. Use of tables for analysis, applications.
Quasi- one dimensional flows. Flow in varying area ducts. Convergent-divergent (C-D) nozzles-
design based on area ratios. Location of shocks in nozzles- concept and analysis using tables.
Property variations in varying area ducts. Under expansion and over expansion in C-D nozzles.
Supersonic diffusers and concept of second throat.

UNIT V TRANSONIC FLOW OVER WING 8

Lower and upper critical Mach numbers, Lift and drag, divergence, shock induced separation,
Characteristics of swept wings, Effects of thickness, camber and aspect ratio of wings,
Transonic area rule. Introduction to Hypersonic Aerodynamics.
TOTAL =45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Predict the properties of hypersonic flows.
 Estimate the properties across normal and oblique shock waves.
 Estimate fluid properties in Rayleigh and Fanno type flows.
 Use quasi one-dimensional theory to analyze compressible flow problems.
 Calculate the compressible flow through a duct of varying cross section.

TEXTBOOK
John D. Anderson, Jr., Modern Compressible Flow with Historic perspective, McGraw Hill
Education, 3rd Edition, 2017.

REFERENCES

1. Oosthuizen, P.E., Carscallen W.E., “Introduction to Compressible Flow”, CRC Press,

2011.
2. Rathakrishnan, E., ”Gas Dynamics”, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2012.
3. Shapiro, A; “The Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow”; Wiley
4. M.A. Saad, ''Compressible Flow'', Prentice Hall, 1993.

L T P C
U20AS502 SPACE PROPULSION
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge of air breathing propulsion and flight instrumentation

OBJECTIVES:
 To learn the principles of operation and design of spacecraft power plants.
 To explain the basics of hypersonic propulsion.
 To compare the solid and liquid rocket propulsion.
 To show the advantages and applications of electrical rocket propulsion.

UNIT I BASICS OF HYPERSONIC PROPULSION 9

Introduction – Thermodynamic Closed Cycle Analysis – First Law Analysis – Stream Thrust
Analysis – Compression Components – Burner Entry Pressure – Fuel-Air Mixing – Combined
Mixing and Chemical Kinetics – Supersonic combustion and Scramjet Propulsion.

UNIT II SOLID ROCKET PROPULSION 9

Propulsion Elements for Solid Rocket Motors – Solid Propellant Grain Design – Prediction and
Measurement of Specific Impulse – Solid Propellant Combustion and Internal Ballistics of

56
Motors –Structural Analysis of Propellant Grains – types of igniters- combustion instability –
strand burner and T-burner - Safety Characteristics of Solid Propellants and Hazards of Solid
Rocket Motors.
UNIT III LIQUID ROCKET PROPULSION 9
Selection of liquid propellants – Types of Propellants -various feed systems and injectors for
liquid propellant rockets -thrust control and cooling in liquid propellant rockets and the
associated heat transfer problems – combustion instability in liquid propellant rockets–
Propellant Tanks –Engine Support Structure- peculiar problems associated with operation of
cryogenic engines.
UNIT IV HYBRID ROCKET PROPULSION 9
Introduction to hybrid rocket propulsion – standard and reverse hybrid systems- combustion
mechanism in hybrid propellant rockets – Mechanisms and Measurement Techniques of Solid-
Fuel
Pyrolysis - Phenomena and Regression Rate – Analytical Models - Vortex Injection – High-
Speed
Flow Effects – Combustion Instability and Transient Behaviour- applications and limitations.
UNIT V ELECTRIC PROPULSION 9
Introduction – Electrostatic Propellant Acceleration – Bombardment Ionization – Plane Diode –
Electrostatic Thruster Performance – Arcjet – Pulsed-Magneto plasma Accelerators – Laser
Propulsion- Nuclear rocket -Different Types, Advantages and Applications- Solar sail.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Explain hypersonic propulsion systems and their application to aerospace vehicles.
 Understand the traditional propulsion concepts, including liquid, solid, hybrid, ion, and
thermal rockets.
 Know the applications and principles of solid, liquid, and hybrid rocket propulsion
systems.
 Understand the performances of various rocket propulsion systems.
 Apply the concepts of electrical propulsion in rocket.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. John T. Bertin, “Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics”, AIAA Inc., Washington DC, 1994.
2. Sutton, G.P., “Rocket Propulsion Elements”, Wiley, New York, 9th Ed., 2017.

REFERENCES:
1. Heiser, W. H. and Pratt, D. T., “Hypersonic Air Breathing Propulsion”, AIAA, 1994.
2. Hill P. G., and Peterson C.R., “Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Propulsion”, Pearson
Education, 2nd Ed.,2009.
3. OatesG. C., “Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Engine Components”, AIAA Education Series,
1985.

L T P C
U20AS503 AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on Engineering Mechanics and basics of strength of materials

OBJECTIVES:
 Appreciate the roles that structures and structural materials play in aerospace vehicles.
 Understand general design concepts for aerospace structures, components, vehicles, and
materials.

57
  Develop the analysis tools and skills needed to analyse the static and dynamic performance
of aerospace structures.
 Gain experience in identifying, formulating, and solving aerospace structural engineering
problems.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Semi-monocoque aerospace structures – Loads and Design considerations – construction
concepts – layout – nomenclature and structural function of parts – strength vs stiffness-based
design – Energy Method – Unsymmetrical beam sections - bending - methods of stresses
calculation.

UNIT II BENDING, SHEAR AND TORSION OF THIN-WALLED BEAMS (TWB) 9

Bending and shear of open, closed, and thin-walled beams – torsion on single-cell thin-walled
beams – torsion on multiple-cell thin-walled beams.

UNIT III BUCKLING OF THIN-WALLED BEAMS 9

Concept of structural instability – flexural buckling analysis – bending of beams under combined
axial and lateral loads – short column and inelastic buckling – Pure torsional buckling and
coupled flexural-torsional buckling of open TWBs – concept of buckling of plates, local buckling
of TWBs –buckling and post-buckling of stiffened skin panels – ultimate load carrying capacity of
a typical semi-monocoque TW box section – tension-field beams.

UNIT IV PLATE THEORY 9

Two Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Transformation of Stresses and strains –Thin Plate
Theory – Stress Resultants and Kinematics – Thin Plate Governing Equations and Boundary
Conditions.

UNIT V COMPOSITE AND SANDWICH STRUCTURES 9

Classification of composite materials - Advantages, limitations and application of composite
materials Basic design concepts of sandwich construction - Materials used for sandwich
construction - Failure modes of sandwich panels.
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Recognize phenomena such as deformation, stress, and strain in simple aerospace
structural elements.
 Solve the simple 1D axial deformation, torsion, and bending problems.
 Compute shear stresses and twist angles in torsion for solid sections, closed thin-
walled sections and open thin-walled sections.
 Understand the shear centre of a beam and an ability to predict its location.
 Evaluate the suitability of composite materials for the simple structural elements for
specific aerospace applications.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Megson, T. H. G., “Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students”, Butterworth-Heinemann,
4th Ed., 2012.
2. Peery, D. J., “Aircraft Structures”, McGraw-Hill Education, 2ndEd., 2012.

REFERENCES:
1. Allen, D.D. and Haisler, W.E., Introduction to Aerospace Structural Analysis, Wiley, 1985.
2. Bruhn. E.H. “Analysis and Design of Flight Vehicles Structures”, Tri – state off set company,
USA, 1985.
3. Cutler, J. and Liber, J., “Understanding Aircraft Structures”, 4th Ed., Wiley Blackwell, 2006.

58
 4. Donaldson, B. K., “Analysis of Aircraft Structures” (Cambridge Aerospace Series), 2nd Ed.,
Cambridge University Press, 2008.
5. Sun, C. T., “Mechanics of Aircraft Structures”, 2nd Ed., Wiley-Interscience, 2006.

L T P C
U20AS504 FUNDAMENTALS OF AEROSPACE CONTROL ENGINEERING
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Engineering mathematics that teaches complex variables and Laplace transform

OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the basic concepts of Aerospace control systems.
 To construct the root locus and to analyse the effect of gain in the feedback path.
 To illustrate the plots related to the frequency responses.
 To design the space vehicles control systems.
 To understand the control actions.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION AND SYSTEM RESPONSE 9

Control objectives and tasks – open and closed-loop control structures – negative and positive
feedback – Impulse response – convolution integral – response of higher order systems to
arbitrary and standard inputs in Laplace and time domains – qualitative dependence on poles
and zeros – dominant poles.

UNIT II STABILITY AND ROOT LOCUS ANALYSIS 9

Asymptotic and bounded-input bounded-output stability – characteristic equation and its roots –
role of characteristic roots in stability – Routh’s criterion – relative and absolute stability –Impact
of positive feedback on stability – Closed-loop stability analysis using root locus –Impact of
open-loop poles and zeros on the root locus – root locus for positive feedback systems – effect
of gain in the feedback path – root loci for multiple parameters.

UNIT III FREQUENCY RESPONSE 9

Magnitude and phase – frequency response of higher order systems – Bode, polar and Nichols
plots – bandwidth – Nyquist stability criterion – gain and phase margins.

UNIT IV STANDARD CONTROL ACTIONS 9

Proportional control – steady state error constants – system type – tracking control and integral
control – lag compensator – transient response improvement and derivative control – lead
compensators.

UNIT V ASPECTS OF SPACE VEHICLE CONTROL DESIGN 9

Control Systems – Attitude Control –Having the Right Attitude – Attitude Dynamics –
Disturbance Torques – Spacecraft Attitude Sensors – Spacecraft Attitude – Actuators –
Controller.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Characterise the behaviour of elementary feedback control systems.
 Synthesise feedback controllers using root locus, Nyquist and Bode techniques.
 Analytically quantify the time and frequency domain behaviour of dynamic systems.
 Specify steady state control system requirements and select prototype controller structures
to achieve these requirements.
 Formulate dynamic feedback controller design specifications in the frequency domain.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Gopal, M., “Control Systems – Principles and Design”, 3rd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008.

59
2. Ogata, K., “Modern Control Engineering”, 5thEd., Prentice Hall India, Eastern Economy Ed.,
2010.

REFERENCES:
1. Azzo, J.J.D. and C.H. Houpis, “Feedback control system analysis and synthesis”, McGraw –
Hill International, 3rdEd., 1998.
2. Houpis, C.H. and Lamont, G.B., “Digital Control Systems”, McGraw-Hill Book Co. New York,
USA 1995.
3. John H. Blackelock, “Automatic Control of aircraft and Missiles”, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd
Ed.1990.
4. Kuo, B. C. and Golnaraghi, F., “Automatic Control Systems”, 8thEd., John Wiley & Sons,
2003.
5. Naresh K. Sinha, “Control Systems”, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi, 2008.

L T P C
U20AS505 LOW AND HIGH-SPEEDAERODYNAMICS LABORATORY
0 0 4 2

Pre-requisite: Fluid Mechanics/Introduction to Aerodynamics, Engineering Thermodynamics,

Low Speed Aerodynamics

OBJECTIVE:
To study experimentally the aerodynamic forces on different bodies at low and high speeds.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Calibration of subsonic wind tunnel.
2. Illustrate the Pressure distribution over smooth and rough cylinder.
3. Illustrate the Pressure distribution over symmetric aerofoils.
4. Illustrate the Pressure distribution over cambered aerofoils& thin aerofoils.
5. Measure the forces acting on a model using wind tunnel balance.
6. Demonstrate the flow over a flat plate at different angles of incidence.
7. Show the flow visualisation studies in low speed flows over cylinders.
8. Show the flow visualisation studies in low speed flows over aerofoil with different angle of
incidence.
9. Calibration of supersonic wind tunnel.
10. Show the Supersonic flow visualization with Schlieren system.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Critically assess the wind tunnel for wall effect, blockage and support interference on the
measurements as well as determining the uncertainty in the measurement technique.
 Find the pressure distribution and forces acting over aerodynamical models.
 Understand flow over the aerodynamical model through flow visualisation.
 Understand the limits and usefulness of the experimental approach.
 Present the experimental findings in clear oral and concise report.

60
 LIST OF EQUIPMENTS
(For a batch of 30 students)

S. No Details of Equipment Qty Experiment

Req. No.
1 Wind Tunnel 1 No. 1, 2,3,4,5
2 Wings of various aerofoil sections 2 Nos.
3, 4
(Symmetrical & cambered aerofoils) each
3 Angle of incidence changing mechanism 1 No. 3, 4
4 Multiple Manometer stands 4 Nos. 2,3,4
5 U-Tube Manometer 1 No. 1,2,3,4
6 Static Pressure Probes 4 Nos. 1,2,3,4
7 Total Pressure Probes 4 Nos. 1,2,3,4
8 Pitot-Static Tubes 4 Nos. 1,2,3,4
9 Wooden Models of Three-Dimensional bodies 2 Nos.
2
each
10 Wind Tunnel balances (3 or 5 or 6 components) 1 No. 5
11 Pressure Transducers with digital display 1 No. 1,2,3,4
12 Hele-Shaw apparatus, Smoke Tunnel, Water flow channel 1 each 6,7,8
13 Supersonic Wind tunnel 1 No. 9,10
14 Wooden models of cone, wedge and blunt body
configurations of suitable size for flow visualization in a 1 No. 9,10
supersonic wind tunnel test section
15 Schlieren System 1 No. 10

L T P C
U20AS506 AEROSPACE PROPULSION LABORATORY
0 0 4 2

Pre-requisite: Knowledge on thermodynamics and engine operations

OBJECTIVE:
To understand the basic concepts of aerodynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of major
engine components and to carryout experiments in Aerospace Propulsion.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Conduct the performance test on a propeller.
2. Measure the wall pressure of subsonic diffuser.
3. Measure the wall pressure of supersonic nozzles.
4. Conduct the wall pressure study of Single Expansion Ramp Nozzle (SERN).
5. Show the flow visualisation of shock waves at the lip of supersonic intake.
6. Show the flow visualisation of secondary injection in a supersonic flow.
7. Experimental study of supersonic free jet.
8. Experimental study of supersonic wall jet.
9. Conduct the cold flow studies in a Ramjet duct.
10. Experiment with the cascade Testing of turbine blades.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS

61
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Analyse the performance of the propeller.
 Measure the wall pressure of the engine components.
 Visualize the flow pattern in the engine components.
 Explain the concepts of free jet and wall jet.

LIST OF EQUIPMENT
(for a batch of 30 students)
Sl.No Equipment Qty Experiments No.

1 Subsonic Wind Tunnel 1 1,2

2 Supersonic Wind Tunnel 1 3 – 10
3 Propeller Blade 1 1
4 Pressure Probe Rack 1 2
5 Multi-tube Manometers 3 Sets 2,3,4,9,10
6 Pressure Scanner 2 Sets 2,3,4,9,10
7 High Resolution CCD Camera for Flow 1 5,6
Visualization
8 Shadowgraph Technique 1 5,6
9 2D Traversing Mechanism with Pressure 1 7,8
Probe holder and Pressure Scanner

U20HS501 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION L T P C

0 0 2 1
OBJECTIVES: The course aims to:
 Enhance the Employability and Career Skills of students
 Orient the students towards grooming as a professional
 Make them Employable Graduates
 Develop their confidence and help them attend interviews successfully.

UNIT I
Introduction to Soft Skills – Hard skills & soft skills – employability and career Skills – Grooming
as a professional with values – Time Management – General awareness of Current Affairs.

UNIT II
Self-Introduction-organizing the material - Introducing oneself to the audience – introducing the
topic – answering questions – individual presentation practice–– presenting the visuals
effectively – 5 minute presentations.

UNIT III
Introduction to Group Discussion – Participating in group discussions – understanding group
dynamics – brainstorming the topic – questioning and clarifying – GD strategies – activities to
improve GD skills.

UNIT IV
Interview etiquette – dress code – body language – attending job interviews – telephone/skype
interview – one to one interview &panel interview – FAQs related to job interviews.

62
UNIT V
Recognizing differences between groups and teams – managing time-managing stress –
networking professionally – respecting social protocols – understanding career management –
developing a long-term career plan-making career changes.
TOTAL : 30 PERIODS
OUTCOMES: At the end of the course Learners will be able to:
Make effective presentations
Participate confidently in Group Discussions.
Attend job interviews and be successful in them.
Develop adequate Soft Skills required for the workplace

Recommended Software
1. Globearena
2. Win English

REFERENCES:
1. Butterfield, Jeff Soft Skills for Everyone. Cengage Learning: New Delhi, 2015
2. E. Suresh Kumar et al. Communication for Professional Success. Orient Blackswan:
Hyderabad, 2015
3. Interact English Lab Manual for Undergraduate Students,. OrientBalckSwan: Hyderabad,
2016.
4. Raman, Meenakshi and Sangeeta Sharma. Professional Communication. Oxford University
Press: Oxford, 2014
5. S. Hariharanetal. Soft Skills. MJP Publishers: Chennai, 2010.

63
 SEMESTER VI
L T P C
U20AS601 SPACECRAFT DYNAMICS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Adequate knowledge on machines of mechanism and space science

OBJECTIVE:
 To understand the modern spacecraft attitude dynamics and control.
 To study the rotational kinematics and dynamics of the spacecraft in orbit and different
methods to passively or actively control the attitude.
 To interpret the implementation of nonlinear control laws for reaction wheels and variable
speed control moment gyroscopes.

UNIT I ORBITAL MECHANICS 9

Types of spacecraft – present-day satellites and launch vehicles – orbit determination from
injection conditions, position and velocity prediction from orbital elements.

UNIT II SATELLITE OPERATIONS 9

Geostationary orbit – Hohmann transfer –Inclination change manoeuvres – launch windows for
rendezvous missions – perturbation effects due to earth oblateness – sun synchronous orbits.

UNIT III MECHANICS 9

Kinematics relative to moving frames – rotations and angular velocity – angular momentum of a
system of particles – rotational dynamics for a system of particles.

UNIT IV GYRODYNAMICS 9
Displacement, Moment of Momentum, and Kinetic Energy of a Rigid Body – Euler’s equation for
Principal axes – Stability of rotation about Principal axes – General motion of a symmetric Gyro
– Steady precession of a symmetric Gyro.

UNIT V ATTITUDE MEASUREMENT AND SPACECRAFT ATTITUDE RESPONSE 9

Rotation matrices – Euler angles – attitude kinematics – Euler's equations for rotational
dynamics – torque free motion of asymmetric and axi-symmetric rigid bodies – effect of energy
dissipation on stability of rotational motion – attitude control of spinning and non-spinning
satellites – overview of actuation mechanisms for attitude control.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Develop math models of flight vehicles.
 Understand the operations ofthe satellite.
 Analyse dynamics and control of flight vehicles.
 Make effective use of gyroscopes.
 Demonstrate knowledge on the attitude dynamics of aerospace flight vehicles.
TEXTS:
1. Peter Fortescue, Graham Swinerd, John Stark, “Spacecraft Systems Engineering”, 4th Ed.,
Willey, 2011.
2. Wiesel, W. E., “Spaceflight Dynamics”, 3rdEd., McGraw Hill, 2012.

REFERENCES:
1. Cornelisse, J. W., “Rocket Propulsion and Spaceflight Dynamics”, Pitman, London, 1982.
2. Kaplan, M. H., “Modern Spacecraft Dynamics and Control”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2011.
3. Thompson, W. T., “Introduction to Space Dynamics”, Dover Publications, New York, 1986.

64
U20AE602 VIBRATION AND ELEMENTS OF AEROELASTICITY L T P C
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Adequate knowledge on Engineering Mathematics and Physics

OBJECTIVES:
 To study the effect of time dependent forces on mechanical systems and to get the natural
characteristics of system with more degree of freedom systems.
 To study the aero elastic effects of aircraft wing.

UNIT I SINGLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEMS 10

Introduction to simple harmonic motion, D’Alembert’s principle, free vibrations – damped
vibrations – forced vibrations, with and without damping – support excitation – transmissibility -
vibration measuring instruments.

UNIT II MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEMS 10

Two degrees of freedom systems - static and dynamic couplings - vibration absorber- Multi
degree of freedom systems - principal co-ordinates - principal modes and orthogonal conditions
- Eigen value problems - Hamilton’s principle - Lagrangian equations and application.

UNIT III CONTINUOUS SYSTEMS 8

Vibration of elastic bodies - vibration of strings – longitudinal, lateral and torsional vibrations

UNIT IV APPROXIMATE METHODS 9

Approximate methods - Rayleigh’s method - Dunkerley’s method – Rayleigh-Ritz method, matrix
iteration method.

UNIT V ELEMENTS OF AEROELASTICITY 8

Vibration due to coupling of bending and torsion - aero elastic problems - Collars triangle - wing
divergence - aileron control reversal – flutter – buffeting. – elements of servo elasticity
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

 Gaining understanding of single and multi-degree vibrating systems

 Ability to use numerical techniques for vibration problems
 Knowledge acquired in aero elasticity and fluttering.
 Differentiate types of vibrations according to dampness and particle motion.
 Solve Rayleigh and Holzer method to find natural frequency of an object.
 Understand the formation of Aileron reversal, flutter and wing divergence.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Grover. G.K., “Mechanical Vibrations”, 7th Edition, Nem Chand Brothers, Roorkee, India,
2003
2. Leonard Meirovitch, "Elements of Vibration Analysis". McGraw Hill International Edition,2007
3. Thomson W T, ‘Theory of Vibration with Application’ - CBS Publishers, 1990.

65
REFERENCES:

1. Bisplinghoff R.L., Ashely H and Hogman R.L., "Aeroelasticity", Addision Wesley

Publication, New Tork, 1983.
2. Den Hartog, "Mechanical Vibrations" Crastre Press, 2008.
3. TSE. F.S., Morse, I.F., Hinkle, R.T., "Mechanical Vibrations" – Prentice Hall, New York,
1984.
4. William W Seto, "Mechanical Vibrations" – McGraw Hill, Schaum Series.
5. William Weaver, Stephen P. Timoshenko, Donovan H. Yound, Donovan H. Young. ‘Vibration
Problems in Engineering’ – John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2001.

U20AE601 FINITE ELEMENT METHODS L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Adequate knowledge on Engineering Mathematics

OBJECTIVE:
 To give exposure various methods of solution and in particular the finite element method.
Gives exposure to the formulation and the procedure of the finite element method and its
application to varieties of problems.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 8
Review of various approximate methods – variation approach and weighted residual approach-
application to structural mechanics problems. finite difference methods- governing equation and
convergence criteria of finite element method.

UNIT II DISCRETE ELEMENTS 10

Bar elements, uniform section, mechanical and thermal loading, varying section, 2D and 3D
truss element. Beam element - problems for various loadings and boundary conditions – 2D and
3D Frame elements - longitudinal and lateral vibration. Use of local and natural coordinates.

UNIT III CONTINUUM ELEMENTS 8

Plane stress, plane strain and axisymmetric problems. Derivation of element matrices for
constant and linear strain triangular elements and axisymmetric element.

UNIT IV ISOPARAMETRIC ELEMENTS 9

Definitions, Shape function for 4, 8 and 9 nodal quadrilateral elements, stiffness matrix and
consistent load vector, evaluation of element matrices using numerical integration.

UNIT V FIELD PROBLEM AND METHODS OF SOLUTIONS 10

Heat transfer problems, steady state fin problems, derivation of element matrices for two
dimensional problems, torsion problems. bandwidth- elimination method and method of
factorization for solving simultaneous algebraic equations – Features of software packages,
sources of error.
TOTAL (L:45): 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 Write flow chart of finite element steps and understand the convergence of the problem
 Solve stiffness matrix for bar, beam and frame problems using suitable boundary
condition.
 Plane stress and plane strain condition are used to understand 2d structures.
 Modelling of 2d and 3d structures using isoparametric elements
 Apply the concepts of finite element methods to solve fluid flow and heat transfer
problems.

66
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Reddy J.N., "An Introduction to Finite Element Method", McGraw Hill, third edition, 2005.
2. Tirupathi. R. Chandrapatha and Ashok D. Belegundu, "Introduction to Finite Elements in
Engineering", Prentice Hall India, Fourth edition, 2012.

REFERENCES:
1. Bathe, K.J. and Wilson, E.L., "Numerical Methods in Finite Elements Analysis", Prentice
Hall of India, 1985.
2. Krishnamurthy, C.S., "Finite Element Analysis", Tata McGraw Hill, 2000.
3. Rao. S.S., "Finite Element Methods in Engineering," Butterworth and Heinemann, 2001.

L T P C
U20AS603 FLIGHT SYSTEMS AND INSTRUMENTATION
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on aircraft control systems and operations

OBJECTIVES:
 To describe the principle and working of flight systems and instruments.
 To interpret the basics of guided missile systems.
 To outline the basics of spacecraft systems.

UNIT I FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEMS 9

Conventional Systems – Power assisted and fully powered flight controls – Power actuated
systems – Engine control systems – Push pull rod system – flexible push full rod system –
Components – Modern control systems – Digital fly by wire systems – Auto pilot system active
control Technology – Communication and Navigation systems – Instrument landing systems.

UNIT II FLIGHT SYSTEMS 9

Hydraulic systems, Components – Hydraulic system controllers – Modes of operation –
Pneumatic systems – Working principles – Typical Air pressure system – Brake system –
Typical Pneumatic power system, Components – Landing Gear systems – Classification –
Shock absorbers – Retractive mechanism – Rocket Separation mechanism.

UNIT III ENGINE SYSTEMS 9

Fuel systems for Piston and jet engines – Components of multi engines – Lubricating systems
for piston and jet engines – Starting and Ignition systems – Typical examples for piston and jet
engines.

UNIT IV GUIDED MISSILE SYSTEMS 9

Introduction – Airframe – Propulsion System – Types of Control Systems – Gyroscope and its
types – Roll and Lateral Control System – Fin Actuation Servos – Roll and Lateral Autopilot –
Guidance System.

UNIT V SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS 9

Basics: Structure – Power – Thermal - Communications and Data Handling - Propulsion System
- Attitude Stabilisation and Control.
TOTAL =45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Understand the controls and operation of an aircraft.
 Understand the aircraft systems are maintained.
 Understand the systems available in the aircraft engines.
 Know the systems available in a missile.
 Know the basics of systems available in a spacecraft.

67
TEXT BOOKS:
1. MohanS. R., “Fundamentals of Guided Missiles”, Cataloguing-in-Publication, 2016.
2. Pallet, E.H.J., “Aircraft Instruments:Principles and Applications”, Pearson, 2009.

REFERENCES:
1. David Harris, “Flight Instruments and Automatic Flight Control”, Blackwell, Sixth Ed., 2004.
2. “General Hand Books of Airframe and Powerplant Mechanics”, U.S. Dept. of Transportation,
Federal Aviation Administration, The English Book Store, New Delhi, 1995.
3. McKinley, J.L. and Bent, R.D., “Aircraft Power Plants”, McGraw-Hill, 1993.
4. Treager, S., “Gas Turbine Technology”, McGraw-Hill, 1997.
5. Vincent L. Pisacane, “Fundamentals of Space Systems”, 2nd Ed., Oxford University Press,
Inc., 2005.

U20AE701 AVIONICS L T P C
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basic ideas of Electrical and Electronics, Aircraft systems.

OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce the basic of avionics and its need for civil and military aircrafts
 To impart knowledge about the avionic architecture and various avionics data buses
 To gain more knowledge on various avionics subsystems

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO AVIONICS 9

Need for avionics in civil and military aircraft and space systems – integrated avionics and
weapon systems – Top-Down Design procedure of avionics systems, Software assessment and
validation- typical avionics subsystems, design, technologies – Introduction to digital computer
and memories.

UNIT II DIGITAL AVIONICS ARCHITECTURE 9

Avionics system architecture – data buses – MIL-STD-1553B – ARINC – 420 – ARINC – 629.

UNIT III FLIGHT DECKS AND COCKPITS 9

Control and display technologies: CRT, LED, LCD, EL and plasma panel – Touch screen –
Direct voice input (DVI) – Civil and Military Cockpits: MFDS, HUD, MFK, HOTAS.

UNIT IV INTRODUCTION TO NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 9

Radio navigation – ADF, DME, VOR, LORAN, DECCA, OMEGA, ILS, MLS – Inertial Navigation
Systems (INS) – Inertial sensors, INS block diagram – Satellite navigation systems – GPS.

UNIT V AIR DATA SYSTEMS AND AUTO PILOT 9

Air data quantities – Altitude, Air speed, Vertical speed, Mach Number, Total air temperature,
Mach warning, Altitude warning – Auto pilot – Basic principles, Longitudinal and lateral auto
pilot.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 Ability to build Digital avionics architecture
 Ability to Design Navigation system
 Ability to design and perform analysis on air system.
 Integrate avionics systems using data buses.
 Analyze the performance of various cockpit display technologies.
 Design autopilot for small aircrafts using MATLAB

68
 TEXT BOOKS:
1. Albert Helfrick.D., "Principles of Avionics", Avionics Communications Inc., 2004
2. Collinson.R.P.G. "Introduction to Avionics", Chapman and Hall, 1996.

REFERENCES:
1. Middleton, D.H., Ed., "Avionics systems, Longman Scientific and Technical", Longman
Group UK Ltd., England, 1989.
2. Pallet.E.H.J., "Aircraft Instruments and Integrated Systems", Pearsons, Indian edition 2011.
3. Spitzer, C.R. "Digital Avionics Systems", Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,U.S.A. 1993.
4. Spitzer. C.R. "The Avionics Hand Book", CRC Press, 2000

L T P C
U20AS603 FLIGHT SYSTEMS LABORATORY
0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on aircraft control systems and operations

OBJECTIVE:
To train the students with hands on experience in maintenance of various systems in Flight and
rectification of common snags.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Experiment the Flight “Jacking Up” procedure.
2. Experiment the Flight “Levelling” procedure.
3. Experiment the Control System “Rigging check” procedure.
4. Experiment the Flight “Symmetry Check” procedure.
5. Demonstrate the “Flow test” to assess of filter element clogging.
6. Demonstrate the “Pressure Test” To assess hydraulic External/Internal Leakage.
7. Demonstrate the “Functional Test” to adjust operating pressure.
8. Demonstrate the “Pressure Test” procedure on fuel system components.
9. Demonstrate the “Brake Torque Load Test” on wheel brake units.
10. Maintenance and rectification of snags in hydraulic and fuel systems.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Understand the procedure of ground level checking.
 Conduct test on the various systems available in the spacecraft.
 Understand the procedures of maintenance and rectification.
 Present the experimental findings in clear oral and concise report.

LIST OF EQUIPMENTS
(For a batch of 30 students)
Qty
S. No Details of Equipment Experiment No.
Req.
1 Serviceable Flight with all above systems 1 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
2 Hydraulic Jacks (Screw Jack) 5 1,2,4,8
3 Trestle adjustable 5 1,2,4,8
4 Spirit Level 2 8
5 Levelling Boards 2 8
6 Cable Tensiometer 1 8
7 Adjustable Spirit Level 1 8
8 Plumb Bob 1 8

69
 L T P C
U20AS604 AVIONICS LABORATORY
0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite: Basic ideas of Electrical and Electronics, Aircraft systems.

OBJECTIVE:
This laboratory is divided into three parts to train the students to learn about basic digital
electronics circuits, programming with microprocessors, design and implementation of data
buses in avionics with MIL-Std. 1553B and remote terminal configuration and their importance in
different applications in the field of Avionics.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
MATLAB
1. Working with Matrices
2. Expressions
3. Relational and Logical Operations

MICROPROCESSORS
4. Addition and Subtraction of 8-bit and 16-bit numbers.
5. Sorting of Data in Ascending & Descending order.
6. Sum of a given series with and without carry.
7. Greatest in a given series & Multi-byte addition in BCD mode.
8. Interface programming with 4-digit 7 segment Display & Switches & LED’s.
9. 16 Channel Analog to Digital Converter & Generation of Ramp, Square, Triangular wave
by Digital to Analog Converter.

AVIONICS DATA BUSES

10. Study of Different Avionics Data Buses.
11. MIL-Std – 1553 Data Buses Configuration with Message transfer.
12. MIL-Std – 1553 Remote Terminal Configuration.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Research at the lab deals with the different aspects of the Guidance, Navigation and
Control loop which is instrumental to all modern aerospace ventures.
 Understand the applications of current activities include rendezvous and docking
between spacecraft, grasping and deorbiting of space debris, command of rovers.
 Understand the significant heritage on formation flying, large and deployable space
systems and structures and swarm-like, behavioural controlled systems, Global
Navigation Satellite Systems (GPS, Galileo), inertial and optical navigation is present.
 Know the lab stresses, whenever possible, real world testing with the available
experimental setups.
LIST OF EQUIPMENT
(for a batch of 30 students)
Sl. Equipment Qty Experiments No.
No
1 MATLAB Software 30 1,2,3,4
2 Microprocessor 8085 Kit 10 5,6,7,8
3 Computers and 10 9
4 Analog to Digital Converter 10 10
5 MIL-Std – 1553 Data Bus 10 11,12,13

70
 L T P C
U20AS605 SPACE LAUNCH VEHICLE MINIPROJECT
0 0 4 2
Pre-requisite: Basics of rocket launch vehicles, flight systems and stability calculations

OBJECTIVE:
To enhance the knowledge in continuation of the space launch vehicle mini project–I, each
student is assigned with following assignments to be carried out.
TASKS:
1. Classification of rocketry & launch vehicles.
2. Current & future launch vehicles, Orbit/trajectory requirements and missions.
3. Rocket propulsion: generation of thrust, the rocket equation. Specific impulse, types of
engines, Launch vehicle parameters & performance.
4. Staging, Structure & propulsion design trades.
5. Powered flight. Gravity loss, Ascent through the atmosphere, drag loss, Vehicle
coordinates, moving coordinate systems, The local horizon frames. Motion of the launch
site, Ascent trajectories, The gravity-turn trajectory, Numerical calculation of trajectories.
6. Application of software in trajectory calculation, Optimization principles, Introduction to
GPOPS2 program & application to launch optimization, Structures: tanks, inter-tank &
inter-stage structure, thrust structure, separation systems.
7. Δv& initial sizing, inboard profile & layout, Engine selection, Preliminary mass estimation.
8. Loads from ground winds, loads during flight: thrust, aero, & inertial forces, Trimmed
flight, Max-q, Calculation of internal forces, moments, shears.
9. Calculation of stresses due to external loads, internal pressurization, Tank & inter-stage
structural design, Vibration, shock, acoustic, and thermal effects.
10. VS&A, thermal, concluded Guidance, stability & control.
11. Structural flexibility effects, Instabilities, Manufacturing, Launch pad & facilities.
12. Ground testing, Safety & flight termination systems.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 execute the conceptual stage of a spacecraft design in respect of its stability.
 plan and co-ordinate the activities of a mini project.
 implement the necessary phases in the design process and produce the required
outcomes of each phase.
 communicate design outcomes to technical and lay readers.
 apply a number of standard methods to various phases of the design process.
REFERENCES:
1. Griffin and French, “Space Vehicle Design”, AIAA, 2004, ISBN 1563475391.
2. MeyerR., “Elements of Space Technology”, Academic Press, 1999, ISBN 0124929400
3. Sforza, “Manned Spacecraft Design Principles”, Elsevier, 2016, ISBN 9780128044254
4. WalterU., “Astronautics”, WILEY-VCH, 2008, ISBN 9783527406852.

71
 SEMSTER VII
L T P C
U20AS701 HYPERSONIC AERODYNAMICS FOR AEROSPACE VEHICLES
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Fluid Dynamics, Thermodynamics, Solution of ODE and PDE, Basic numerical
techniques

OBJECTIVES:
 To learn basics of hypersonic flow, shock wave, boundary layer interaction and
aerodynamic heating.
 To extend the surface inclination methods for hypersonic inviscid flows.
 To explain the approximate methods for inviscid hypersonic flows.

UNIT I BASICS OF HYPERSONIC AERODYNAMICS 8

Thin shock layers – entropy layers – low density and high-density flows – hypersonic flight paths
– hypersonic flight similarity parameters – shock wave and expansion wave relations of inviscid
hypersonic flows.

UNIT II SURFACE INCLINATION METHODS FOR HYPERSONIC INVISCID FLOWS 9

Local surface inclination methods – modified Newtonian Law – Newtonian theory – tangent
wedge or tangent cone and shock expansion methods – Calculation of surface flow properties.

UNIT III APPROXIMATE METHODS FOR INVISCID HYPERSONIC FLOWS 9

Approximate methods – hypersonic small disturbance equation and theory – thin shock layer
theory – blast wave theory – entropy effects – rotational method of characteristics – hypersonic
shock wave, shapes and correlations.

UNIT IV VISCOUS HYPERSONIC FLOW THEORY 10

Navier-Stokes equations – boundary layer equations for hypersonic flow – hypersonic boundary
layer – hypersonic boundary layer theory and non-similar hypersonic boundary layers –
hypersonic aerodynamic heating and entropy layers effects on aerodynamic heating – heat flux
estimation.

UNIT V VISCOUS INTERACTIONS IN HYPERSONIC FLOWS 9

Strong and weak viscous interactions – hypersonic shockwaves and boundary layer interactions
– Estimation of hypersonic boundary layer transition – Role of similarity parameter for laminar
viscous interactions in hypersonic viscous flow.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Analyse the trajectories of ballistic missiles, space planes, and air-breathing hypersonic
vehicles.
 Have a basic understanding of real gas effects such as vibrational activation,
dissociation, ionization, and molecular transport phenomena.
 Perform perfect and real gas analyses of shock waves.
 Determine the stagnation properties of a hypersonic vehicle.
 Determine profiles of pressure, skin friction, and heat transfer around a vehicle.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. AndersonJ. D., “Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics”, AIAA Education Series,
2nd Ed., 2006.
2. AndersonJ. D.,“Modern Compressible Flow with Historical Perspective”,TMH, 3rdEd., 2012.

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 REFERENCES:
1. Heiser, W. H. and Pratt, D. T., “Hypersonic Air Breathing Propulsion”, AIAA, 1994.
2. John T. Bertin, “Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics”, AIAA Inc., Washington DC, 1994.

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS FOR AEROSPACE L T P C

U20AS702
ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Elementary Numerical Analysis, ODE and PDE

OBJECTIVES:
 Understand the basic flow equations, characteristics of mathematical models for a given
flow.
 Know the importance and significance of panel methods
 Familiarize with Finite Volume techniques in Computational fluid analysis.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS 9

Introduction – Basic Equations of Fluid Dynamics – Mathematical properties of Fluid Dynamics
Equations – Elliptic, Parabolic and Hyperbolic equations – Well posed problems – discretization
of partial Differential Equations – Transformations and grids – Explicit finite difference methods
of subsonic, supersonic and viscous flows.

UNIT II GRID GENERATION 9

Need for grid generation – Various grid generation techniques – Algebraic, conformal and
numerical grid generation – importance of grid control functions – boundary point control –
orthogonality of grid lines at boundaries –Elliptic grid generation using Laplace’s equations for
geometries like aerofoil and CD nozzle.

UNIT III PANEL METHODS 9

Elements of two and three-dimensional panels, panel singularities – Application of panel
methods to incompressible, compressible, subsonic and supersonic flows –Numerical solution of
flow over a cylinder using 2D panel methods using both vertex and source panel methods for
lifting and non-lifting cases respectively.

UNIT IV TIME DEPENDENT METHODS 9

Stability of solution – Explicit methods – Time split methods – Approximate factorization
scheme – Unsteady transonic flow around aerofoils –Sometime dependent solutions of gas
dynamic problems – Numerical solution of unsteady 2D heat conduction problems using SLOR
methods.

UNIT V FINITE VOLUME TECHNIQUES 9

Finite Volume Techniques – Cell Centred Formulation – Lax-Vendor off Time Stepping – Runge-
Kutta Time Stepping – Multi-stage Time Stepping – Accuracy – Cell Vertex Formulation –
Multistage Time Stepping – FDM-like Finite Volume Techniques – Central and Up-wind Type
Discretization– Treatment of Derivatives.
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Explain and calculate the governing equations for fluid flow.
 Explain how grids are generated and conduct a grid-convergence assessment.
 Understand the issues about two-phase flow modelling.
 Understand the concept of discretization, upwind differencing and implicit, explicit
solutions.
 Apply finite difference and finite volume methods to fluid flow problems.

73
 TEXT BOOKS:
1. Blazek, J., “Computational Fluid Dynamics: Principles and Applications”, 2nd Ed., Elsevier,
2006.
2. Fletcher, C.A.J., "Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics", Vols. I and II, Springer -
Verlag, Berlin, 1998.

REFERENCES:
1. Anderson J. D., “Fundamentals of Aerodynamics”, 5th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2010.
2. Charles Hirsch, "Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows", Vols. I and II.
Butterworth-Heinemann, 2nd Ed., 2007.
3. John F. Wendt (Editor), "Computational Fluid Dynamics - An Introduction", Springer - Verlag,
Berlin, 2009.
4. Klaus A Hoffmann and Steve T. Chiang. "Computational Fluid Dynamics for Engineers",
Vols. I & II Engineering Education System, P.O. Box 20078, W. Wichita, K.S., 67208 - 1078
USA, 2000.

L T P C
U20AS703 ROCKETS AND LAUNCH VEHICLES
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Acquired the knowledge of solid propulsion and space craft dynamics
OBJECTIVES:
 To compute and analyse the various forces and moments acting on a rocket.
 To formulate the equations of motions for flight and separation phases.
 To understand the combustion and propulsion systems in rocket.
 To select suitable materials for the rockets and launch vehicles.
 To understand the design, performance and testing aspects.

UNIT I ROCKET DYNAMICS 9

Classification of launch vehicles and missiles – Rocket systems – Airframe components –
Forces and moments acting on a rocket – Propulsion, aerodynamics, gravity – inertial and non-
inertial frames – coordinate transformation – Equations of motion for three-dimensional motion
through atmosphere and vacuum – numerical problems.

UNIT II SOLID PROPULSION AND PYROTECHNICS 9

Solid propellant rockets – classification – components and their design considerations –
propellant grain design – grain mechanical properties – ballistics and burn rate design issues –
igniter design – pyrotechnic devices and systems – classification – mechanisms and application
of pyrotechnic devices in rockets and launch vehicles – Design problems in rocket systems.

UNIT III LIQUID PROPULSION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS 9

Liquid propellant rockets – classification and components – thrust chamber, feed systems,
propellant tanks, turbo-pumps, types of valves and applications – their design considerations –
Different bipropellant systems like cryogenics and their characteristics – pogo and slosh engine
gimbal systems and thrusters for control – Thrust control systems – Design problems.

UNIT IV MULTI-STAGING OF ROCKET AND SEPARATION DYNAMICS 9

Navigation and guidance systems in rockets and launch vehicles– aerodynamic control systems
of launch vehicles – multi-staging of rockets – vehicle optimization techniques – stage
separation system – dynamics, separation techniques – rocket flight dispersion, numerical
problems.

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 UNIT V DESIGN, MATERIALS AND TESTING OF ROCKETS 9
Design requirements and selection – performance evaluation and assessment – space
environment on the selection of materials for rockets and spacecraft – material selection for
specific requirements – advance materials-super alloys and composite materials – Qualification
of rocket and missile systems – types of testing and evaluation of design and function.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Learn about the different systems of rockets and launch vehicles, formulation of the equation
of motion and about the advanced rockets for future missions.
 Understand the function of the solid propellant propulsion and pyrotechnic systems and the
design principles.
 Understand the function of the liquid propellant propulsion and control systems and the
design principles.
 Formulate the equation of motions for a mission and spent stage separation dynamics,
understanding the principles of navigation, guidance and control of rockets and launch
vehicles, and design of a multistage rocket.
 Understand the system design, construction, function, performance and testing aspects. and
to familiarize with the selection of suitable materials for different rocket systems.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Cornelisse, J. W., “Rocket Propulsion and Spaceflight Dynamics”, Pitman, London, 1982.
2. Ramamurthi K.,“Rocket Propulsion”, Macmillan Publishers India first Ed., 2010.
3. Sutton, G.P., “Rocket Propulsion Elements”, Wiley, New York, 9th Ed., 2017.

REFERENCES:
1. George M. Siouris, “Missile Guidance and Control Systems”, Springer-Verlag New York,
2004.
2. Joseph Jimmerson, “The Rocket Files”, Lulu.com, 2nd Ed., 2013
3. Ronald Humble, Henry and Larson,“ Space Propulsion Analysis and Design”, McGraw-Hill.
1995.
L T P C
U20AS704 COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS LABORATORY
0 0 4 2

Pre-requisite: Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Elementary Numerical Analysis, ODE and PDE.

OBJECTIVE:
To familiarize with the Structural analysis, Flow analysis, and Thermal analysis.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Inspect the Static & Dynamic analysis of beams.
2. Inspect the Structural analysis of wing structure.
3. Construct the 2D design and conduct flow analysis of subsonic and supersonic wind
tunnels.
4. Construct the 2D design and conduct flow analysis of subsonic and supersonic flow over
bluff body and streamlined body.
5. Construct the 3D design and conduct flow analysis of subsonic and supersonic wind
tunnels.
6. Construct the 3D design and conduct flow analysis of subsonic flow over bluff body and
streamlined body.
7. Construct the 3D design and conduct flow analysis of supersonic flow over blunt body
and slender body.

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 8. Conduct the thermal analysis of structural components.
9. Conduct the simulation of combustion process.
10. Conduct the simulation of heat transfer process.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Effectively employ solid modelling and simulation tools.
 Read a specification and create a simple trade diagram.
 Choose appropriate structural models.

LIST OF EQUIPMENTS
(for a batch of 30 students)
S. No. Items Quantity
1. Internal server (or) Work station 1
2. Computers 30
3. Modelling and Analysis packages
(i) CATIA
30 licenses
(ii) ANSYS
(iii) Pro E
(iv) NASTRAN
4. UPS 1
5. Printer 1

INDUSTRIALTRAINING I L T P C
U20AS704
(Training to be undergone after VI semester) 0 0 2 1

OBJECTIVES
Students have to undergo two – week practical training in Aerospace Engineering related
industry / project site or design / planning office so that they become aware of the practical
application of theoretical concepts studied in the class rooms.

ASSESSMENT PROCESS
This course is mandatory and the student has to pass the course to become eligible for the
award of degree. The student shall make a presentation before a committee constituted by the
department which will assess the student based on the report submitted and the presentation
made. Marks will be awarded out of 100 and appropriate grades assigned as per the
regulations.

2-week practical training in industry

OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Work in actual working environment.
 Utilize technical resources.
 Write technical documents and give oral presentations related to the work completed.

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 SEMESTER VIII
L T P C
PROJECT WORK
0 0 12 6

OBJECTIVES:
Students have to do a project work either single or in a group for a period of one semester and
submit a project report.

Hardware/ Numerical /Theoretical research and development work is to be allotted. A maximum

number of three students may be involved in each project. However, the contribution of the
individuals in the project should be clearly brought out. The combined project report is to be
submitted as per the university regulations. A seminar has to be presented on the allotted topic.
All the students involved in the project will be examined for their contribution.
TOTAL: 300 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Demonstrate a sound technical knowledge of their selected project topic.
 Undertake problem identification, formulation, and solution.
 Design engineering solutions to complex problems utilising systems approach.
 Conduct an engineering project
 Communicate with engineers and the community at large in written and oral forms.
 Demonstrate the knowledge, skills and attitudes of a professional engineer.

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 PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES

L T P C
U20AS611 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics of AutoCAD and computational fluid dynamics

OBJECTIVES:
To familiarize with
 Concepts of modelling of 2D and 3D geometrical elements.
 Concepts of computer graphics.
 CAD Packages and its features.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction to CAD – I/O devices – various graphics standards – coordinate systems –
Geometric Modelling: Introduction – types of geometric modelling – wire frame – surface and
solid modelling. Wireframe entities – types of curves and its mathematical representation - line-
circle- ellipse- parabola- Cubic spline- Bezier and B-spline (Only Basic treatment). Solid
modelling entities - Solid modelling techniques- CSG and BREP - Operations performed in CSG
and BREP - Extrude- sweep - linear and Nonlinear- revolve

UNIT II GRAPHIC CONCEPTS (2D and 3D) 9

Transformations - translation- scaling- reflection- rotation. Concatenated transformation. Inverse
transformation. Hidden line removal - Z-Buffer algorithm- brief description of shading and colour
rendering techniques. Manipulation and editing of entities - selection methods – dragging -
clipping- trimming- stretching- offsetting- pattern- copying- deleting - regenerating- measuring.
Brief description of animation- types and techniques

UNIT III SOFTWARE PACKAGES AND RECENT TECHNOLOGY 9

All about popular commercial solid modelling packages — their salient features- technical
comparison- modules and Tools available- brief outline of Data exchange standards. Brief
outline of feature technology - classification of features- design by features- applications of
features- its advantages- and limitations

UNIT IV FEM FUNDAMENTALS 9

Introduction to finite element method - principle- Steps involved in FEA - nodes- element and
their types- shape function-constraints, forces and nodal displacements-stiffness matrix- solution
techniques. Analysis of spring element. Simple problems involving stepped bars subjected to
axial loading and simple structural members for triangular element

UNIT V ANALYSIS 9
Stages of FEA in a CAD environment - Pre-processor- solver and postprocessor. Pre-
processing - FEA modelling - geometry generation- node generation- element generation-
boundary constraints- load constraints- - mesh generation and refining. Solving - performing the
actual analysis. Post processing - Types of 0/P available- interpretation of results.
Demonstration of the above using any one popular commercial package. Other types of
analysis: Brief outline of kinematical analysis- manufacturability analysis and simulation.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Prepare and read engineering drawings.
 Visualize an engineering object.
 Understand solid models created in computer.

78
  Understand the relation between 2D drafting and 3D models.
 Understand the graphical models for further engineering applications.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Chairs Mcmahon and Jimmie Browne, “CAD / CAM:Principles, Practice and Manufacturing
Management”, Prentice Hall, 2nd Ed.,1999.
2. Ibrahim Zoid., “CAD / CAM”, Theory and Practice, TMH, 2001.
3. Radhakrishnan, P., “CAD / CAM / CIM”, New Age International, 2000.

REFERENCES
1. Chandupatla and Bolagundu., “Introduction to Finite Element Methods in Engineering”,
Pearson Education India, 4th Ed., 2015.
2. Mikell P. Groover, “CAD/CAM: Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing”, PHI, 2003.
3. Newman and Sproull, R.F., “Principles of interactive Computer Graphics”, TMH,1997.

L T P C
U20AS612 CRYOGENICS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics principles of solid propellant and operations.

OBJECTIVES:
 To analyse cryogenic systems
 To calculate the efficiency of cryogenic systems
 To know cryogenic applications in aerospace engineering

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Historical Background - Introduction to cryogenic propellants - Liquid hydrogen, liquid helium,
liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen and their properties

UNIT II PRODUCTION OF LOW TEMPERATURE 9

Theory behind the production of low temperature - Expansion engine heat exchangers -
Cascade Process Joule Thompson Effect - Magnetic effect - Ortho and H2 - Helium4 and
Helium3.

UNIT III EFFICIENCY OF CRYOGENIC SYSTEMS 9

Types of losses and efficiency of cycles - specific amount of cooling - The fraction liquified
Cooling coefficient of performance - Thermodynamic efficiency – energy balance Method.

UNIT IV CYCLES OF CRYOGENIC PLANTS 9

Classification of cryogenic cycles - structure of cycles - Throttle expansion cycles - Expander
cycles - Thermodynamic analysis - Numerical problems

UNIT V CRYOGENICS IN AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS 9

Cryogenic liquids in Rocket launching and space simulation Storage of cryogenic liquids - Effect
of cryogenic liquids on properties of aerospace materials – Cryogenic loading problems - Zero
gravity problems associated with cryogenic propellants - Phenomenon of tank collapse -
Elimination of Geysering effect in missiles
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Describe various methods to produce low temperature and phenomena at cryogenic
temperature.

79
  Understand the working principle of different cryogenic refrigeration and liquification
system.
 Understand the functions and working principles of insulations and various low
temperature measuring and storage devices.
 Understand the application of Cryogenic technology in engineering research and
Industry.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Barron, R. F., “Cryogenic Systems”, Oxford University, 1985.
2. Haselden, G., “Cryogenic Fundamentals”, Academic Press, 1971.

REFERENCES:
1. Parner, S. F., “Propellant Chemistry”, Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York 1985.
2. Weisend, J. G., “The Handbook of Cryogenic Engineering”, Taylor & Francis, 1998.

U20AS613 EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge in Strength of Materials.

OBJECTIVE:
 To study the various experimental techniques involved for measuring displacements,
stresses, strains in structural components.

UNIT I EXTENSOMETERS AND DISPLACEMENT SENSORS 8

Principles of measurements, Accuracy, Sensitivity and range of measurements, Mechanical,
Optical, Acoustical and Electrical extensometers and their uses, Advantages and
disadvantages, Capacitance gauges, Laser displacement sensors.

UNIT II ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE STRAIN GAUGES 12

Principle of operation and requirements, Types and their uses, Materials for strain gauges,
Calibration and temperature compensation, cross sensitivity, Wheatstone bridge and
potentiometer circuits for static and dynamic strain measurements, strain indicators, Rosette
analysis, stress gauges, load cells, Data acquisition, six component balance.

UNIT III PHOTOELASTICITY 11

Two-dimensional photo elasticity, Photo elastic materials, Concept of light - photo elastic effects,
stress optic law, Transmission photo elasticity, Jones calculus, plane and circular polariscopes,
Interpretation of fringe pattern, Calibration of photo elastic materials, Compensation and
separation techniques, Introduction to three-dimensional photo elasticity.

UNIT IV BRITTLE COATING AND MOIRE TECHNIQUES 7

Relation between stresses in coating and specimen, use of failure theories in brittle coating,
Moire method of strain analysis.

UNIT V NON – DESTRUCTIVE TESTING 7

Fundamentals of NDT, Acoustic Emission Technique, Radiography, Thermography, Ultrasonics,
Eddy Current testing, Fluorescent Penetrant Testing,
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

80
 OUTCOMES
 Knowledge of stress and strain measurements in loaded components.
 Acquiring information’s, the usage of strain gauges and photo elastic techniques of
measurement.
 Formulate and solve general three-dimensional problems of stress-strain analysis
especially fundamental problems of elasticity.
 Analyse the strain gauge data under various loading condition by using gauge rosette
method.
 Experimentally evaluate the location and size of defect in solid and composite materials
by using various Non-destructive Testing methods.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Dally, J.W., and Riley, W.F., "Experimental Stress Analysis", McGraw Hill Inc., New York
1998.
2. Srinath, L.S., Raghava, M.R., Lingaiah, K., Garagesha, G., Pant B., and Ramachandra, K.,
"Experimental Stress Analysis", Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1984.
3. Sadhu Singh, "Experimental Stress Analysis", Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 1996.

REFERENCES:
1. Durelli. A.J., "Applied Stress Analysis", Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, 1970
2. Hetenyi, M., "Hand book of Experimental Stress Analysis", John Wiley and Sons Inc., New
York, 1972.
3. Max Mark Frocht, "Photo Elasticity", John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, 1968
4. Pollock A.A., Acoustic Emission in Acoustics and Vibration Progress, Ed. Stephens R.W.B.,
Chapman and Hall,1993.
5. Ramesh, K., Digital Photoelasticity, Springer, New York, 2000.

L T P C
U20AS614 MACHINING AND PRECISION MANUFACTURING
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics of manufacturing and CAD/CAM analysis.

OBJECTIVES:
 To Emphasis on design and performance of precision machinery for manufacturing.
 To show the errors during the manufacturing.
 To develop the student’s skills and knowledge in precision engineering.

UNIT I MACHINE DESIGN AND PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT 8

Background; philosophy; sources of error - Measurement basics; Abbe error - Metrology
techniques - Metrology techniques, subsurface damage.

UNIT II ERRORS 12
Intro to mechanical error; Kinematic design - Review; Macro/micro-scale compliance; Bearings
and spindles - Thermal effects; transfer parameters; specific examples; enclosures - Error
budgets and mapping - Error mapping review; Intro to compliance errors - Deformation errors;
structural effects - Vibrational errors.

UNIT III SENSORS 8

Intro to sensors - Need for sensors; technology; signal processing - Applications; integration -
Tool/material effects; scale effects.

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UNIT IV PROCESSES 8
Diamond milling/turning; Micromachining - Ultra precision abrasive methods; CMP; non-
traditional - Semiconductor processes; nanotechnology; MEMS; micro fluidics.

UNIT V PROCESS PLANNING 9

Process planning; capability; systems - Role of CAD/CAM in precision manufacturing - Metrics;
measurement methods; energy consumption in processes.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Understand the machine tool elements and structure, sources of error.
 Understand the precision machining processes and process models.
 Understand the sensors for process monitoring and control, metrology, actuators, and
machine design case studies.
 Understand the precision component manufacture, role of CAD/CAM in precision
manufacturing, and aspects of sustainable manufacturing and design forsustainability.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. David Dornfeld and Dae-Eun Lee, “Precision Manufacturing”, Springer, 2008.
2. Nakazawa H., “Principles of Precision Engineering”, Oxford UniversityPress, 1994.
3. Slocum A. H., “Precision Machine Design”, Prentice-Hall, 1992.

REFERENCES:
1. Evans C., “Precision Engineering; An Evolutionary View”, Cranfield Press,1989.
2. Seyfried P., Kuntzmann H., McKeown P., and Weck M., “Progress in PrecisionEngineering”,
Springer-Verlag, 1991.
3. Tlusty, J., “Manufacturing Processes and Equipmen”t, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River
NJ,2000.
4. Thomas, T.,“Rough Surfaces”, 2ndEd., Imperial College Press, London,1999.
5. Whitehouse, D. J., “Handbook of Surface Metrology”, Institute of Physics Publishing,
PhiladelphiaPA, 1994.

U20AS615 FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOSCIENCE L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge in metallurgical characterization.

OBJECTIVE:
To learn about basis of nanomaterial science, preparation method, types and application

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 8
Nanoscale Science and Technology- Implications for Physics, Chemistry, Biology and
Engineering-Classifications of nanostructured materials- nano particles- quantum dots, nano
wires-ultra-thin films-multilayered materials. Length Scales involved and effect on properties:
Mechanical, Electronic, Optical, Magnetic and Thermal properties. Introduction to
properties and motivation for study (qualitative only).

UNIT II GENERAL METHODS OF PREPARATION 9

Bottom-up Synthesis-Top-down Approach: Co-Precipitation, Ultrasonication, Mechanical Milling,
Colloidal routes, Self-assembly, Vapour phase deposition, MOCVD, Sputtering, Evaporation,
Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Atomic Layer Epitaxy, MOMBE.

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UNIT III NANOMATERIALS 12
Nanoforms of Carbon - Buckminster fullerene- graphene and carbon nanotube, Single wall
carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT) and Multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)- methods of
synthesis(arc-growth, laser ablation, CVD routes, Plasma CVD), structure-property
Relationships applications- Nano metal oxides-ZnO, TiO2,MgO, ZrO2, NiO, nanoalumina, CaO,
AgTiO2, Ferrites, Nanoclays-functionalization and applications-Quantum wires, Quantum dots-
preparation, properties and applications.

UNIT IV CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES 9

X-ray diffraction technique, Scanning Electron Microscopy - environmental techniques,
Transmission Electron Microscopy including high-resolution imaging, Surface Analysis
techniques- AFM, SPM, STM, SNOM, ESCA, SIMS-Nano indentation.

UNIT V APPLICATIONS 7
Nano InfoTech: Information storage- nano computer, molecular switch, super chip, nanocrystal,
Nano bio technology: nano probes in medical diagnostics and biotechnology, Nano medicines,
Targetted drug delivery, Bio imaging - Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), Nano
Electro Mechanical Systems (NEMS)- Nano sensors, nano crystalline silver for bacterial
inhibition, Nanoparticles for sun barrier products - In Photostat, printing, solar cell, battery.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
 Will familiarize about the science of nanomaterials
 Will demonstrate the preparation of nanomaterials
 Will develop knowledge in characteristic nanomaterial

TEXT BOOKS:
1. A.S. Edelstein and R.C. Cammearata, eds., “Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and
Applications”, Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia, 1996.
2. N John Dinardo, “Nanoscale Characterization of surfaces & Interfaces”, 2ndEd., Weinheim
Cambridge, Wiley-VCH, 2000.

REFERENCES:
1. AkhleshLakhtakia,“The Hand Book of Nano Technology, Nanometer Structure, Theory,
Modeling and Simulations”. Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd, New Delhi, 2007.
2. G Timp, “Nanotechnology”, AIP press/Springer, 1999.

U20AS616 SPACE MECHANICS L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge in Engineering Mechanics and Flight Mechanics.

OBJECTIVE:
 To introduce concepts of satellite injection and satellite perturbations, trajectory
computation for interplanetary travel and flight of ballistic missiles based on the
fundamental concepts of orbital mechanics.

UNIT I SPACE ENVIRONMENT 8

Peculiarities of space environment and its description– effect of space environment on materials
of spacecraft structure and astronauts- manned space missions – effect on satellite life time.

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UNIT II BASIC CONCEPTS AND THE GENERAL N- BODY PROBLEM 10
The solar system – reference frames and coordinate systems – terminology related to the
celestial sphere and its associated concepts – Kepler’s laws of planetary motion and proof of the
laws – Newton’s universal law of gravitation - many body problem - Lagrange-Jacobi identity –
circular restricted three body problem – libration points – general N-body problem – two body
problem – relations between position and time.

UNIT III SATELLITE INJECTION AND SATELLITE PERTURBATIONS 10

General aspects of satellite injection – satellite orbit transfer – various cases – orbit deviations
due to injection errors – special and general perturbations – Cowell’s method and Encke’s
method – method of variations of orbital elements – general perturbations approach.

UNIT IV INTERPLANETARY TRAJECTORIES 8

Two-dimensional interplanetary trajectories – fast interplanetary trajectories – three dimensional
interplanetary trajectories – launch of interplanetary spacecraft – trajectory estimation about the
target planet – concept of sphere of influence – Lambert’s theorem

UNIT V BALLISTIC MISSILE TRAJECTORIES 9

Introduction to ballistic missile trajectories – boost phase – ballistic phase – trajectory geometry
– optimal flights – time of flight – re-entry phase – position of impact point – influence
coefficients.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 Ability to perform satellite injection, satellite perturbations and trajectory control
 Apply orbital mechanics to control ballistic missile.
 Estimate the trajectory/orbit of a space vehicle or a satellite in a suitable coordinate
system.
 Calculate the delta-v required for transferring a spacecraft from one orbit to another.
 Perform orbit perturbation analysis for satellite orbits.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Cornelisse, J.W., “Rocket Propulsion and Space Dynamics”, J.W. Freeman &Co.,Ltd,
London, 1982
2. Parker, E.R., “Materials for Missiles and Spacecraft”, Mc.Graw Hill Book Co. Inc., 1982.

REFERENCE:
1. Sutton, G.P., “Rocket Propulsion Elements”, Wiley, New York, 9th Ed., 2017.

L T P C
U20AS721 AEROSPACE MATERIALS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge in mechanical behaviour of materials, and metallurgical
characterization.

OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the elements of aerospace materials, mechanical behaviour of materials,
ceramics and composites.
 To explain the theory, concepts, principles and governing equations of solid mechanics.
 To analyse the stresses in simple structures as used in the aerospace industry.

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UNIT I ELEMENTS OF AEROSPACE MATERIALS 9
Structure of solid materials – Atomic structure of materials – Crystal structure – Miller indices –
Density – Packing factor – Space lattices – X-ray diffraction – Imperfection in crystals – general
requirements of materials for aerospace applications.

UNIT II MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF MATERIALS 9

Linear and non-linear elastic properties – Yielding, strain hardening, fracture, Bauchinger’s
effect – Notch effect testing and flaw detection of materials and components – Comparative
study of metals, ceramics plastics and composites.

UNIT III CORROSION & HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS AND ALLOYS 10

Types of corrosion – Effect of corrosion on mechanical properties – Stress corrosion cracking –
Corrosion resistance materials used for space vehicles. Heat treatment of carbon steels –
aluminium alloys, magnesium alloys and titanium alloys – Effect of alloying treatment, heat
resistance alloys – tool and die steels, magnetic alloys, powder metallurgy.

UNIT IV CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES 9

Introduction – physical metallurgy – modern ceramic materials – cermet - cutting tools – glass
ceramic –production of semi-fabricated forms - Plastics and rubber – Carbon/Carbon
composites, Fabrication processes involved in metal matrix composites - shape memory alloys –
applications in aerospace vehicle design.

UNIT V HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS &CHARACTERIZATION 8

Classification, production and characteristics – Methods and testing – Determination of
mechanical and thermal properties of materials at elevated temperatures – Application of these
materials in Thermal protection systems of Aerospace vehicles – super alloys – High
temperature material characterization.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Understand the advanced concepts of aerospace materials.
 Provide the necessary mathematical knowledge that are needed in understanding their
significance and operation.
 Have an exposure on various topics such elements of aerospace materials, mechanical
behaviour of materials, ceramics and composites.
 Deploy the skills effectively in the understanding of aerospace materials.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Martin, J.W., “Engineering Materials, Their properties and Applications”, Wykedham
Publications (London) Ltd, 1987.
2. Titterton.G., “Aircraft Materials and Processes”, 5th Ed., Pitman Publishing Co., 1998.

REFERENCES:
1. Raghavan.V., “Materials Science and Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India, 5th Ed., 2011.
2. Van Vlack.L.H., “Materials Science for Engineers”, Addison Wesley, 1985.

U20AS722 ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basic in manufacturing
OBJECTIVES:
 Exploit technology used in additive manufacturing.
 Understand importance of additive manufacturing in advance manufacturing process.

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 Acquire knowledge, techniques and skills to select relevant additive manufacturing process.
 Explore the potential of additive manufacturing in different industrial sectors.
 Apply 3D printing technology for additive manufacturing.

UNIT1 INTRODUCTION 08
Need - Development of AM systems – AM process chain - Impact of AM on Product Development -
Virtual Prototyping- Rapid Tooling – RP to AM -Classification of AM processes-Benefits-
Applications.

UNIT II REVERSE ENGINEERING AND CAD MODELING 09

Basic concept- Digitization techniques – Model reconstruction – Data Processing for Rapid
Prototyping: CAD model preparation, Data requirements – Geometric modeling techniques: Wire
frame, surface and solid modeling – data formats - Data interfacing, Part orientation and support
generation, Support structure design, Model Slicing, Tool path generation-Software for AM- Case
studies.
LIQUID BASED AND SOLID BASED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
UNIT III 10
SYSTEMS
Stereolithography Apparatus (SLA): Principle, pre-build process, part-building and post-build
processes, photo polymerization of SL resins, part quality and process planning, recoating issues,
materials, advantages, limitations and applications.
Solid Ground Curing (SGC): working principle, process, strengths, weaknesses and applications.
Fused deposition Modeling (FDM): Principle, details of processes, process variables, types,
products, materials and applications. Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM): Working Principles,
details of processes, products, materials, advantages, limitations and applications - Case studies.

UNIT IV POWDER BASED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS 09

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS): Principle, process, Indirect and direct SLS- powder structures,
materials, post processing, surface deviation and accuracy, Applications. Laser Engineered Net
Shaping (LENS): Processes, materials, products, advantages, limitations and applications– Case
Studies.

UNIT V OTHER ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS 09

Three dimensional Printing (3DP): Principle, basic process, Physics of 3DP, types of printing,
process capabilities, material system. Solid based, Liquid based and powder based 3DP systems,
strength and weakness, Applications and case studies. Shape Deposition Manufacturing (SDM),
Ballastic Particle Manufacturing (BPM), Selective Laser Melting, Electron Beam Melting.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOME
At the end of this course, the students will be able to
 Define the various process used in Additive Manufacturing.
 Analyze and select suitable process and materials used in Additive Manufacturing.
 Apply knowledge of additive manufacturing for various real-life applications
 Apply technique of CAD and reverse engineering for geometry transformation in Additive
Manufacturing.
 Understand the basic concept of additive manufacturing application.

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 TEXT BOOKS:
1. Chua, C.K., Leong K.F. and Lim C.S., “Rapid prototyping: Principles and applications”,
second edition, World Scientific Publishers, 2010.
2. Gebhardt, A., “Rapid prototyping”, Hanser Gardener Publications, 2003.
REFERENCES:
1. Gibson, I., Rosen, D.W. and Stucker, B., “Additive Manufacturing Methodologies: Rapid
Prototyping to Direct Digital Manufacturing”, Springer, 2010.
2. Hilton, P.D. and Jacobs, P.F., Rapid Tooling: Technologies and Industrial Applications, CRC
press, 2005.
3. Kamrani, A.K. and Nasr, E.A., “Rapid Prototyping: Theory and practice”, Springer, 2006.
4. Liou, L.W. and Liou, F.W., “Rapid Prototyping and Engineering applications : A tool box for
prototype development”, CRC Press, 2011.

L T P C
U20AS723 LAUNCH VEHICLE CONFIGURATION DESIGN
3 0 0 3

Pre-requisite: Basic aspects of rocket propulsion system

OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the missile space stations, space vs earth environment.
 To explain the life support systems, mission logistics and planning.
 To deploy the skills effectively in the understanding of launch vehicle configuration design.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS 9

Energy and Efficiencies of power plants for launch vehicles – Typical Performance Values –
Mission design – Structural design aspects during launch - role of launch environment on launch
vehicle integrity.

UNIT II SELECTION OF ROCKET PROPULSION SYSTEMS 9

Ascent flight mechanics – Launch vehicle selection process – Criteria for Selection for different
missions – selection of subsystems – types of staging – Interfaces – selection and criteria for
stages and their role in launch vehicle configuration design.

UNIT III ENGINE SYSTEMS, CONTROLS, AND INTEGRATION 9

Propellant Budget – Performance of Complete or Multiple Rocket Propulsion Systems – Engine
Design – Engine Controls – Engine System Calibration – System Integration and Engine
Optimization.

UNIT IV THRUST VECTOR CONTROL 9

TVC Mechanisms with a Single Nozzle – TVC with Multiple Thrust Chambers or Nozzles –
Testing – Integration with Vehicle – SITVC method – other jet control methods - exhaust plume
problems in space environment

UNIT V NOSE CONE CONFIGURATION 9

Aerodynamic aspects on the selection of nose shape of a launch vehicle - design factors in the
finalization of nose configuration with respect to payload - nose cone thermal protection system -
separation of fairings - payload injection mechanism
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

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OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Know exotic space propulsion concepts, such as nuclear, solar sail, and antimatter.
 Gain knowledge in selecting the appropriate rocket propulsion systems.
 Understand the air-breathing propulsion suitable for initial stages and fly-back boosters.
 Have an aerodynamics aspect, including boost-phase lift and drag, hypersonic, and re-entry.
 Conversion training for aircraft engineers moving into launch vehicle, spacecraft, and
hypersonic vehicle design.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Michael D. Griffin, James R. French, “Space Vehicle Design”, AIAA, 2ndEd., 2004.
2. Karl Dawson Wood, “Aerospace Vehicle Design: Spacecraft Design”, Johnson Publishing
Company, 1964.

REFERENCE:
1. Bong Wie, “Space Vehicle Dynamics and Control”, AIAA, 1998.
2. Anton H. de Ruiter, Christopher Damaren, James R. Forbes, “Spacecraft Dynamics and
Control: An Introduction”, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
3. Marcel J. Sidi, “Spacecraft Dynamics and Control: A Practical Engineering Approach”,
Cambridge University Press, 2000.

U20HS721 FOUNDATION SKILLS IN INTEGRATED PRODUCT L T P C

DEVELOPMENT 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the global trends and development methodologies of various types of
products and services
 To conceptualize, prototype and develop product management plan for a new product
based on the type of the new product and development methodology integrating the
hardware, software, controls, electronics and mechanical systems
 To understand requirement engineering and know how to collect, analyse and arrive at
requirements for new product development and convert them in to design specification
 To understand system modelling for system, sub-system and their interfaces and arrive
at the optimum system specification and characteristics
 To develop documentation, test specifications and coordinate with various teams to
validate and sustain up to the EoL (End of Life) support activities for engineering
customer

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 9

Global Trends Analysis and Product decision - Social Trends - Technical Trends-
Economical Trends - Environmental Trends - Political/Policy Trends - Introduction to Product
Development Methodologies and Management - Overview of Products and Services - Types
of Product Development - Overview of Product Development methodologies - Product Life
Cycle – Product Development Planning and Management.

UNIT II REQUIREMENTS AND SYSTEM DESIGN 9

Requirement Engineering - Types of Requirements - Requirement Engineering - traceability
Matrix and Analysis - Requirement Management - System Design &Modeling - Introduction to
System Modeling - System Optimization - System Specification - Sub-System Design -
Interface Design.

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UNIT III DESIGN AND TESTING 9
Conceptualization - Industrial Design and User Interface Design - Introduction to Concept
generation Techniques – Challenges in Integration of Engineering Disciplines - Concept
Screening & Evaluation - Detailed Design - Component Design and Verification – Mechanical,
Electronics and Software Subsystems - High Level Design/Low Level Design of S/W
Program - Types of Prototypes, S/W Testing- Hardware Schematic, Component design, Layout
and Hardware Testing – Prototyping - Introduction to Rapid Prototyping and Rapid
Manufacturing - System Integration, Testing, Certification and Documentation

UNIT IV SUSTENANCE ENGINEERING AND END-OF-LIFE (EOL) SUPPORT 9

Introduction to Product verification processes and stages - Introduction to Product Validation
processes and stages - Product Testing Standards and Certification - Product Documentation -
Sustenance -Maintenance and Repair – Enhancements - Product EoL - Obsolescence
Management – Configuration Management - EoL Disposal

UNIT V BUSINESS DYNAMICS – ENGINEERING SERVICES INDUSTRY 9

The Industry - Engineering Services Industry - Product Development in Industry versus
Academia –The IPD Essentials - Introduction to Vertical Specific Product Development
processes -Manufacturing/Purchase and Assembly of Systems - Integration of Mechanical,
Embedded and Software Systems – Product Development Trade-offs - Intellectual Property
Rights and Confidentiality – Security and Configuration Management.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to:
 Define, formulate and analyze a problem
 Solve specific problems independently or as part of a team
 Gain knowledge of the Innovation & Product Development process in the Business Context
 Work independently as well as in teams
 Manage a project from start to finish

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Book specially prepared by NASSCOM as per the MoU.
2. Karl T Ulrich and Stephen D Eppinger, "Product Design and Development", Tata
McGraw Hill, Fifth Ed., 2011.
3. John W Newstorm and Keith Davis, "Organizational Behavior", Tata McGraw Hill,
Eleventh Ed., 2005.

REFERENCES:
1. Hiriyappa B, “Corporate Strategy – Managing the Business”, Author House, 2013.
2. Peter F Drucker, “People and Performance”, Butterworth – Heinemann [Elsevier],
Oxford, 2004.
3. Vinod Kumar Garg and Venkita Krishnan N K, “Enterprise Resource Planning –
Concepts”, Second Ed., Prentice Hall, 2003.
4. Mark S Sanders and Ernest J McCormick, "Human Factors in Engineering and Design",
McGraw Hill Education, Seventh Ed., 2013.

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 U20HS701 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT L T P C
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics principles of Probability & Statistics

OBJECTIVE:
 To facilitate the understanding of Quality Management principles and process.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction - Need for quality - Evolution of quality - Definitions of quality - Dimensions of
product and service quality - Basic concepts of TQM - TQM Framework - Contributions of
Deming, Juran and Crosby - Barriers to TQM - Customer focus - Customer orientation,
Customer satisfaction, Customer complaints, Customer retention.

UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9

Leadership - Quality Statements, Strategic quality planning, Quality Councils - Employee
involvement - Motivation, Empowerment, Team and Teamwork, Recognition and Reward,
Performance appraisal - Continuous process improvement - PDCA cycle, 5S, Kaizen - Supplier
partnership - Partnering, Supplier selection, Supplier Rating.

UNIT III TQM TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES I 9

The seven traditional tools of quality - New management tools - Six sigma: Concepts,
Methodology, applications to manufacturing, service sector including IT - Bench marking -
Reason to bench mark, Bench marking process - FMEA - Stages, Types.

UNIT IV TQM TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES II 9

Quality Circles - Cost of Quality - Quality Function Deployment (QFD) - Taguchi quality loss
function - TPM - Concepts, improvement needs - Performance measures.

UNIT V QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 9

Introduction—Benefits of ISO Registration—ISO 9000 Series of Standards—Sector-Specific
Standards—AS 9100, TS16949 and TL 9000-- ISO 9001 Requirements—Implementation—
Documentation—Internal Audits—Registration--ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:
Introduction—ISO 14000 Series Standards—Concepts of ISO 14001—Requirements of ISO
14001—Benefits of EMS.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
 The student would be able to apply the tools and techniques of quality management to
manufacturing and services processes.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Dale H.Besterfiled, Carol B.Michna,Glen H. Besterfield,MaryB.Sacre,HemantUrdhwareshe
and Rashmi Urdhwareshe, “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia, Revised
Third Ed., Indian Reprint, Sixth Impression, 2013.

REFERENCES:
1. James R. Evans and William M. Lindsay, "The Management and Control of Quality",
8th Ed., First Indian Ed., Cengage Learning, 2012.
2. Janakiraman. B and Gopal R.K., "Total Quality Management - Text and Cases", Prentice
Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2006.
3. Suganthi.L and Anand Samuel, "Total Quality Management", Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd.,
2006.
4. ISO 9001-2015 standards.

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U20AS724 ORBITAL MECHANICS L T P C
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics principle and operations of flight control system and frequency analysis.

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the course, student will be able to
 Learn about fundamental laws that govern the orbital dynamics, equations for satellite
dynamics, basics of different orbits
 Learn about the description of Keplerian orbital elements, satellite position and motion
within the orbit, factors that cause orbit perturbation.
 Learn the different types of satellite orbit transfer from one orbit to an another, basics of
inter-planetary trajectory.
 Learn the governing equations of rocket flight dynamics, different flight phases, injection
of satellite, injection errors on orbit.
 Learn about equations of ballistic missile trajectory, impact point error analysis.

UNIT I ORBITAL MECHANICS FUNDAMENTALS 9

Laws of orbital dynamics, Solar system, Earth geometry and structure of upper atmosphere,
Multi-body problem, Two body problem, Equation of motion, Orbit equation, Motion in circular,
elliptical orbits, parabolic, hyperbolic orbits, Interplanetary trajectories.

UNIT II ORBITS IN THREE DIMENSIONS 9

Coordinate systems, Time systems, Keplerian Orbital elements, Relations between position and
time, Keplers equation, Effects of the earth’s oblateness, Types of satellite orbits, their
characteristics and applications, Orbit perturbation due to third body, Orbit decay and life time

UNIT III ORBITAL TRANSFER AND POWERED FLIGHT 9

Rocket equation, application to orbit transfer, velocity requirement, different propulsion systems,
Propellant, Single and two Impulse transfer, Hohmann transfer, One tangent manoeuver, Plane
change manoeuver, Bi-Elliptical manoeuver, Phasing manoeuver, Inter planetary mission.

UNIT IV ROCKET FLIGHT DYNAMICS 9

One dimensional and two dimensional rocket motions in free space and homogeneous
gravitational fields, fundamentals of three dimensional six degrees of freedom trajectory
simulation, Description of vertical, inclined and gravity turn trajectories, Launching of a satellite,
orbital elements from injection state vector, injection error analysis, Multistage rocket systems,
restricted staging.

UNIT V BALLISTIC MISSION TRAJECTORIES 9

Free-flight range equation, flight-path angle equation, maximum range trajectory, Time of free-
Flight, effect of earth rotation, relative velocity, inertial velocity, Effect of launching errors of state
vector on impact point.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 To understand the basic of the orbital mechanics
 Ability to know about the orbits in three dimensions
 To know about the different stability of the systems
 To expose students to the state space representation and its analysis.
 To introduce non-linear systems and their control and to impart knowledge on ballistic
mission trajectories

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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Howard D. Curtis., “Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students” Elsevier Butterworth-
Heinemann, 2005.
2. Cornelisse, J.W, Schoyer H F R, and Wakker K F, "Rocket Propulsion and Space Dynamic",
Pitman Publishing Co., 1979.

REFERENCES:
1. Bate R R, Mueller D D and White J E “ Fundamentals of Astrodynamics” Dover
Publications, New York, 1972
2. Ashish Tewari, “Atmospheric and Space Flight Dynamics”, Birkhauser Boston, 2007
3. Martin J L Turner, “Rocket and Spacecraft Propulsion”, Springer Praxis Publishing Co,
Chichster, UK, 2001.
4. David A Vallado, “Fundamentals Astrodynamics and applications”, Space technology
Series, McGraw Hill, 1997.
5. Vladimir A Chobotov, “ Orbital Mechanics”, AIAA Education Series, 2002

U20AS731 AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basics principle and operations of flight control system and frequency analysis.

OBJECTIVES:
 To study the basics of control system and its response, stability of mechanical and
electrical systems. Use of MATLAB to design a stable control system.
 To introduce the elements of control system and their modelling using various
Techniques.
 To introduce methods for analyzing the time response.
 To impart knowledge about the frequency response and the stability of systems
 To introduce the state variable analysis method

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Open loop and closed loop systems - Examples - Elements of closed loop systems - Transfer
function - Modeling of physical systems – Mechanical, Thermal, Hydraulic systems and Electric
Networks - Transfer function of DC generator, DC servomotor, AC servomotor ,Potentiometer,
Synchros, Tacho-generator, Stepper motor - Block diagram - reduction techniques, Signal flow
graph – Mason‟ gain formula. (Related Tutorials Using MATLAB/ Simulink – Toolboxes &
Functions)
UNIT II TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS 9
Standard Test signals – Time response of second order system - Time domain specifications -
Types of systems - Steady state error constants - Introduction to P, PI and PID modes of
feedback control. (Related Tutorials Using MATLAB/ Simulink – Toolboxes & Functions)
UNIT III FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS 9
Frequency domain specifications - Time and frequency response correlation – Polar plot – Bode
plot – All pass minimum phase and non-minimum phase systems. (Related Tutorials Using
MATLAB/ Simulink – Toolboxes & Functions)

UNIT IV SYSTEM STABILITY 9

Characteristic equation - Routh Hurwitz criterion of stability - Absolute and Relative stability -
Nyquist stability - Nyquist stability criterion - Assessment of relative stability – Gain and Phase
Margin. (Related Tutorials Using MATLAB/ Simulink – Toolboxes & Functions) .

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UNIT V ROOT LOCUS METHOD 9
Root locus concepts - Construction of root loci – Root contours. (Related Tutorials Using
MATLAB/ Simulink – Toolboxes & Functions) STATE SPACE ANALYSIS: Limitations of
conventional control theory - Concepts of state, state variables and state model – state model
for linear time invariant systems - Introduction to state space representation using physical -
Phase and canonical variables. (Related Tutorials Using MATLAB/ Simulink – Toolboxes &
Functions)
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 To understand the basic of the control system
 Ability to know about the time and frequency domain analysis
 To know about the different stability of the systems
 To expose students to the state space representation and its analysis.
 To introduce non-linear systems and their control and to impart knowledge on advanced
control techniques

TEXT BOOKS:
3. Nagrath I J, and Gopal, M, 'Control Systems Engineering" Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi,
2008.
4. Richard C Dorf and Robert H Bishop, "Modern Control Systems.", Addison-Wesley -2007

REFERENCES:
1. Ogata K, "Modern Control Engineering", Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2006.
2. Kuo B C, "Automatic Control Systems", Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2004.
3. Norman C. Nise S, “Control system Engineering‟, John Wiley & Sons, Singapore, 2004.

U20AS732 COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on Solid mechanics.

OBJECTIVE:
 To make the student understand the analysis of composite laminates under different
loading conditions and different environmental conditions.

UNIT I MICROMECHANICS 10
Introduction - advantages and application of composite materials – types of reinforcements and
matrices - micro mechanics – mechanics of materials approach, elasticity approach- bounding
techniques – fibre volume ratio – mass fraction – density of composites. effect of voids in
composites.

UNIT II MACROMECHANICS 10
Generalized Hooke’s Law - elastic constants for anisotropic, orthotropic and isotropic materials -
macro mechanics – stress-strain relations with respect to natural axis, arbitrary axis –
determination of in plane strengths of a lamina - experimental characterization of lamina. failure
theories of a lamina. hydrothermal effects on lamina.

UNIT III LAMINATED PLATE THEORY 10

Governing differential equation for a laminate. stress – strain relations for a laminate. different
types of laminates. in plane and flexural constants of a laminate. hygrothermal stresses and
strains in a laminate. failure analysis of a laminate. impact resistance and interlaminar stresses.
netting analysis.

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 UNIT IV FABRICATION PROCESS AND REPAIR METHODS 8
Various open and closed mould processes, manufacture of fibres, importance of repair and
different types of repair techniques in composites – autoclave and non-autoclave methods.

UNIT V SANDWICH CONSTRUCTIONS 7

Basic design concepts of sandwich construction - materials used for sandwich construction -
failure modes of sandwich panels - bending stress and shear flow in composite beams.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
 Understanding the mechanics of composite materials
 Ability to analyse the laminated composites for various loading eases
 Knowledge gained in manufacture of composites.
 Should analyse sandwich and laminated plates
 Should be able to construct and analysis different composite technique

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Autar K Kaw, ‘Mechanics of Composite Materials’, CRC Press, 2nd edition, 2005.
2. Isaac M. Daniel & Ori Ishai, "Mechanics of Composite Materials," OUP USA publishers,
2ndedition, 2005.
3. Madhujit Mukhopadhyay, Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures, University
Press, 2004.

REFERENCES:
1. Agarwal, B.D., and Broutman, L.J., "Analysis and Performance of Fibre Composites," John
Wiley & Sons, 3rd edition, July 2006.
2. Allen Baker, Composite Materials for Aircraft Structures, AIAA Series, 2ndEdition, 2004.
3. Calcote, L R. “The Analysis of laminated Composite Structures”, Von – Nostrand Reinhold
Company, New York 1998.
4. Lubing, Handbook on Advanced Plastics and Fibre Glass, Von Nostran Reinhold Co., New
York, 1989.
5. Michael F. Ashley, “Material Selection in Mechanical Design”, 5th edition, Butterworth-
Heiner, 2016.

L T P C
U20AS733 HEAT TRANSFER IN SPACE APPLICATIONS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on heat transfer and propulsion system.

OBJECTIVE:
 To understand the applications of heat transfer in space.
 To explain the thermal properties of spacecraft components.
 To interpret the thermal control testing of spacecraft components.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SPACECRAFT THERMAL CONTROL 9

Need of spacecraft thermal control – temperature specification – energy balance in a spacecraft
– modes of heat transfer – factors that influence energy balance in a spacecraft – principles of
spacecraft thermal control.

UNIT II SPACECRAFT THERMAL ANALYSIS 9

Formulation of energy – momentum and continuity equations for problems in spacecraft heat
transfer – development of discretesized equation – treatment of radiative heat exchange (for
non-participative media based on radiosity and Gebhart method) – incorporation of

94
environmental heat flux in energy equation – numerical solution methods – input parameters
required for analysis.

UNIT III SPACECRAFT THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS 9

Launch and ascent – earth bound orbits – interplanetary mission and re-entry mission.

UNIT IV DEVICES AND HARDWARE FOR SPACECRAFT 9

Passive thermal control - mechanical joints – heat sinks and doublers – phase change materials
– thermal louvers and switches – heat pipes – thermal coating materials – thermal insulation –
ablative heat transfer – active thermal control techniques: electrical heaters, HPR fluid systems,
space borne cooling systems.

UNIT V DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF SPACECRAFT 9

Application of principles described above for development of spacecraft Thermal Control
System.

TOTAL = 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
• Apply the mechanisms for different heat transfer modes and their relevance to a wide
range of mechanical engineering themes
• Use the engineering practices for enhancing heat transfer or increasing thermal
insulation.
• Have mathematical underpinning of heat transfer analysis and corresponding problem-
solving techniques.
• The relevant thermal properties of materials and working fluids and the considerations
for material selection according to the application requirements
• The use commercial software for heat transfer analysis.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Chapra, S. C. and Canale, R. P., “Numerical Methods for Engineers”, 7th Ed., McGraw-Hill,
2014.
2. Howell J.R., Siegel R., Mengüç M.P., “Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer” 5th Ed., Taylor &
Francis, 2010.
3. Incropera, F. P. and DeWitt, D. P., “Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer”, 7thEd., John
Wiley, 2011.

REFERENCES:
1. Pattan, B., “Satellite Systems: Principles and Technologies”, Chapman & Hall, 1993.
2. Meyer, R. X., “Elements of Space Technology”, Academic Press, 1999.
3. Meseguer J., Pérez-Grande I., Sanz-Andrés A., “Spacecraft Thermal Control”, Woodhead
Publishing Limited, 2012.
4. Gilmore, D. G. (Ed.), “Spacecraft Thermal Control Handbook”, Volume I: Fundamental
Technologies, 2nd Ed., The Aerospace Press, AIAA, 2002.

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 L T P C
U20AS734 SPACECRAFT POWER SYSTEMS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on flight controls system engineering

OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the various Power system elements, energy storage technology and
power converters in a spacecraft.
 Design driving requirements for a space power system.
 Solar cell technology and environmental susceptibility.
 Battery technologies, including battery selection and sizing.
 Design Example: Sample power system concept design of a LEO mission.

UNIT I SPACECRAFT ENVIRONMENT & DESIGN CONSIDERATION 9

Orbit definition /Mission Requirements of LEO, GEO, GTO & HEO, Lunar orbits, IPO with
respect to Power Generation – Power System Elements - Solar aspect angle Variations.

UNIT II POWER GENERATION 9

Study of Solar spectrum - Solar cells - Solar Panel design - Solar Panel Realization – Solar
Panel testing - Effects of Solar cells and panels (IR, UV, Particles).

UNIT III ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGY 9

Types of batteries – Primary & Secondary batteries - Nickel Cadmium - Nickel-Hydrogen –
Nickel metal hydride - Lithium-ion –Lithium Polymer - Silver Zinc– Electrical circuit model –
Performance characteristics of batteries - Application of batteries in launch vehicles and
satellites – Fuel Cell – Polymer Electrolyte membrane Fuel Cell – Regenerative Fuel Cell.

UNIT IV POWER CONVERTERS 9

DC – DC converters – Basic Convertors - Buck, Boost, Buck- boost converter –Derived
converters: Fly back converter – Transformer coupled forward converter – Push-Pull converter -
CUKs convertor– Resonant converter – Voltage and current regulators.

UNIT V POWER CONTROL, CONDITIONING AND DISTRIBUTION 9

Solar Array Regulators – Battery changing schemes – Protection Schemes - Distribution –
Harness - Thermal Design - EMI/EMC/ESD/Grounding schemes for various types of circuits and
systems.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOME:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Understand the advanced concepts of Spacecraft power systems.
 Provide the necessary mathematical knowledge that are needed in modelling the power
systems.
 Have an exposure on various Power system elements, energy storage technology and
power converters.
 Deploy these skills effectively in the analysis and understanding of power systems in a
spacecraft.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Anspaugh B.E., “GaAs Solar Cell Radiation Handbook”, NASA, 2014
2. ChettyP. R. K., “Spacecraft Power Systems”, 1988.
3. Patel, Mukund R, “Spacecraft Power Systems”, CRC Press Boca Raton, 2005.

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 REFERENCES:
1. Bauer P., “Batteries for Space Power Systems”, NASA SP-172, 1968.
2. Hyder, A k et.al, “Space Power Technologies”, Imperial College Press London,2000.
3. Peter Fortescue, Graham Swinerd, John Stark, “Spacecraft Systems Engineering”, 4th Ed.,
Willey, 2011.
4. Ned Mohan, et al, “Power Electronics, convertors Applications and Design”, John Wiley &
Sons, 1989.

L T P C
U20AS735 SATELLITE NAVIGATION AND CONTROL
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on flight systems and instrumentations.

OBJECTIVES:
 The course gives an exposure to the satellite navigation and control.
 To introduce students in engineering and the sciences to the methods of satellite radio
navigation.
 The key physical principles will be described in terms of their application to make a
complete navigation system work.
 The specific architecture of the Global Positioning System (GPS) will be emphasized.

UNIT I NAVIGATION CONCEPTS 9

Fundamentals of spacecraft navigation systems and Position Fixing – Geometric concepts of
Navigation – Elements - Earth in inertial space - Earth's Rotation - Revolution of Earth –
Different Coordinate Systems – Coordinates Transformation - Euler angle formulations -
Direction cosine formulation - Quaternion formulation.

UNIT II CONTROL ACTUATORS 9

Thrusters, Momentum Wheel, Control Moment Gyros, Reaction wheel, Magnetic Torquers,
Reaction Jets, Ion Propulsion, Electric propulsion, solar sails.

UNIT III INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 9

Accelerometers – Pendulous type – Force Balance type – MEMs Accelerometers - Basic
Principles of Inertial Navigation – Types - Platform and Strap down - Mechanization INS system
– Rate Corrections - Block diagram – Acceleration errors – -Coriolis effect - Schuler Tuning –
Cross coupling - Gimbal lock - Alignment.

UNIT IV GPS & HYBRID NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 9

GPS overview – Concept – GPS Signal – Signal Structure- GPS data – Signal Processing –
GPS Clock – GPS for position and velocity determination – DGPS Concepts - LAAS & WAAS
Technology - Hybrid Navigation - Introduction to Kalman filtering – Case Studies -Integration of
GPS and INS using Kalman Filter.

UNIT V ATTITUDE STABILIZATION SCHEMES & ORBIT MANEUVERS 9

Spin, Dual spin, Gravity gradient, Zero momentum system, Momentum Biased system, Reaction
control system, Single and Multiple Impulse orbit Adjustment, Station Keeping and fuel
Budgeting.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Get a thorough introduction to classical control theory, including analysis and design.

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  Apply concepts of aircraft autopilot design emphasizing the relevance of the topics
discussed in the class.
 Introduce modern control theory which can be useful in taking advanced courses
offered in the controls stream.
 Know the radar theory and applications, navigation principles and guidance laws

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Albert D. Helfrick, “Modern Aviation Electronics”, Second Ed., Prentice Hall Career &
Technology, 1994.
2. James R Wertz, “Spacecraft Attitude Determination and control”, Reidel Publications, 1978.
3. Kaplan, M. H., “Modern Spacecraft Dynamics and Control”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2011.
4. Marcel J. Sidi, “Spacecraft Dynamics and Control: A Practical Engineering Approach”,
Cambridge University Press, 2000.
5. Maxwell Noton, “Spacecraft navigation and guidance”, Springer (London, New York), 1998.
6. Slater, J.M. Donnel, C.F.O and others, “Inertial Navigation Analysis and Design”, McGraw-
Hill Book Company, New York, 1964.

REFERENCES:
1. Blake Lock, J.H, “Automatic control of Aircraft and missiles”, John Wiley Sons, New York,
1990.
2. George M Siouris, “Aerospace Avionics System; A Modern Synthesis”, Academic Press Inc.,
1993.
3. Meyer Rudolph X, “Elements of Space Technology for Aerospace Engineers”, Academic
Press,1999.
4. Myron Kyton, Walfred Fried, “Avionics Navigation Systems”, John Wiley & Sons, 1997
5. Tsui. J. B.Y, “Fundamentals of Global Positioning System Receiver”, John Wiley an Sons
Inc, 2000.
6. Vladimir A Chobotov, “Spacecraft Attitude Dynamics and Control (Orbit)”, Krieger Publishing
Company Publishers.

L T P C
U20AS736 HUMAN SYSTEM IN APPLICATION TO SPACE
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: NIL.

OBJECTIVES:
 Know the advanced concepts of manned space missions to the engineers.
 Understand the space and environment and its conditions.
 Apply the concept of life supporting devices.
 Understand the mission logistics and planning.
 Study the various subsystems.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
The physics of space ‐ Current missions: space station, Moon mission, and Mars missions ‐
Engineering challenges on Manned vs. unmanned missions ‐ Scientific and technological gains
from space programs ‐ Salient features of Apollo and Space station missions – space shuttle
mission

UNIT II SPACE VS EARTH ENVIRONMENT 9

Atmosphere: Structure and Composition ‐ ‐Atmosphere: Air Pressure, Temperature, and Density
‐ Atmosphere: Meteoroid, Orbital Debris & Radiation Protection ‐ Human Factors of Crewed
Spaceflight. Saftey of Crewed Spaceflight ‐ Magnetosphere ‐ Radiation Environment:
GalacticCosmic Radiation (GCR), Solar Particle Events (SPE) ‐ Radiation and the Human Body
– Impact of microgravity and g forces on humans – space adaptation syndrome.

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UNIT III LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES 9
Life Support Systems and Space Survival Overview ‐ ‐ Environment Controlled Life Support
Systems (ECLSS) ‐ Human / Machine Interaction ‐ ‐ Human Factors in Control Design – Crew
Accommodations

UNIT IV MISSION LOGISTICS AND PLANNING 9

Group Dynamics: Ground Communication and Support ‐ Space Resources and Mission
Planning ‐ Space Mission Design: Rockets and Launch Vehicles ‐ Orbital Selection and
Astrodynamics , Entry, Descent, Landing, and Ascent, Designing and Sizing Space elements,
Transfer, Entry, Landing, and Ascent Vehicles, Designing, Sizing, and Integrating a Surface
Base, Planetary Surface Vehicles

UNIT V SUBSYSTEMS 9
Spacecraft Subsystems: Space Operations ‐ Space Architecture, Attitude Determination and
Control‐ Designing Power Systems ‐ Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Systems ‐ Space Robotics –
Mission Operations for Crewed Spaceflight ‐ Command, Control, and Communications
Architecture

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Understand the basic concept of space missions.
 Differentiate space vs earth environment, manned and unmanned missions.
 Acquired the knowledge of Life support systems and counter measures of various
factors.
 Apply the different principles of mission logistics and planning.
 Understands the fundamental operations of human space subsystems.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Loh, W.H.T., “Jet, Rocket, Nuclear, Ion and Electric Propulsion Theory and Design”,
Springer Larson, W. J. and Pranke, L. K., Human Spaceflight: Mission Analysis and Design,
2. McGraw‐Hill Higher Education, Washington, DC , 1999 2. McNamara, Bernard. 2000. Into
the Final Frontier: The Human Exploration of Space. (BrooksCole Publishing.)

REFERENCES:
1. Larson, W. J. and Pranke, L. K., Human Spaceflight: Mission Analysis and Design,
McGraw‐Hill Higher Education, Washington, DC , 1999
2. McNamara, Bernard. 2000. Into the Final Frontier: The Human Exploration of
Space.(BrooksCole Publishing.)
3. Connors, M.M., Harrison, A.A., and Akins, F.R. 2005. Living Aloft: Human Requirements
forExtended Spaceflight, University Press of the Pacific,Honolulu, Hawaii: ISBN:
1‐4102‐1983‐6 .
4. Eckart, P. 1996. Spaceflight Life Support and Biospherics..

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 L T P C
U20AS841 COMBUSTION ENGINEERING
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Basic understanding of gas dynamics, thermodynamics and jet propulsion.

OBJECTIVES:
 To know the concepts in combustion, make combustion calculations, and to know
supersonic combustion.
 This course starts with a review of chemical thermodynamics, statistical
mechanics, equilibrium chemistry, chemical kinetics, and conservation equations.
 To explain the chemical and dynamic structure of laminar premixed, diffusion, and
partially premixed flames; turbulent premixed combustion; turbulent diffusive combustion.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS IN COMBUSTION 9

Thermo-chemical equations - Heat of reaction first order, second order and third order reactions
– premixed flames - Diffusion flames

UNIT II CHEMICAL KINETICS AND FLAMES 9

Measurement of burning velocity - Various methods - Effect of various parameters on burning
velocity - Flame stability - Detonation - Deflagration - Rankine – Hugoniot curve - Radiation by
flames.

UNIT III COMBUSTION IN GAS TURBINE ENGINES 9

Combustion in gas turbine combustion chambers - Re-circulation – Combustion efficiency -
Factors affecting combustion efficiency - Fuels used for gas turbine combustion chambers -
Combustion stability - Flame holder types – Numerical problems.

UNIT IV COMBUSTION IN ROCKETS 9

Solid propellant combustion - Double base and composite propellant combustion - Various
combustion models - Combustion in liquid rocket engines - Single fuel droplet combustion model
- Combustion in hybrid rockets.

UNIT V SUPERSONIC COMBUSTION 9

Introduction - Supersonic combustion controlled by mixing, diffusion and heat convection -
Analysis of reaction and mixing processes - Supersonic burning with detonation shocks.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Understand the concept of gaseous fuels.
 Differentiate solid, gaseous, and liquid fuels.
 Relatethe thermo chemistryand kinetics of combustion to evolve mathematical models
for combustion.
 Applythe different principles of flame stabilization and ignition to design combustor.
 Understands the fundamentals in combustion of fuels and propellants.

TEXT BOOKS:
3. Loh, W.H.T., “Jet, Rocket, Nuclear, Ion and Electric Propulsion Theory and Design”,
Springer Verlag, New York, 1982.
4. Sharma, S.P., and Chandra Mohan, “Fuels and Combustion”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Co., Ltd, New Delhi 1987.

REFERENCES:
1. Beer, J.M. and Chigier, N.A., “Combustion Aerodynamics”, Applied Science Publishers Ltd,
London, 1981.

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 2. Chowdhury, R., “Applied Engineering Thermodynamics”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi,
1986.
3. Mathur, M., and Sharma, R.P., “Gas Turbines and Jet and Rocket Propulsion”, Standard
Publishers,New Delhi, 1988.
4. Sutton, G.P., “Rocket Propulsion Elements”, Wiley, New York, 9th Ed., 2017.
5. Turns, S.R., “An Introduction to Combustion Concepts and Applications”, 2ndEd., McGraw
Hill International Editions, New Delhi, 2000.

L T P C
U20AS842 SPACECRAFT SENSORS AND INSTRUMENTATION
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on spacecraft dynamics and aerospace control engineering.

OBJECTIVES:
 To provide an overview of the different types of sensors and instruments flown on
spacecraft.
 To provide students with an appreciation and understanding of the development of the
design processes involved for different instruments.
 To explain, how the sensors and instruments interface with the spacecraft platform.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 8
Scientific Background – Parameters to be observed – Sensing platforms (rocket engine,
satellites) – introduction to various sensors and instrumentation needed for satellite mission
function.

UNIT II MEASUREMENTS OF CHARGED AND NEUTRAL PARTICLES 10

Pulse and Current modes – Pulse height spectra and analysis – Counting curves and plateaus –
Energy resolution - Detector efficiency – Dead time – Analysers: Electrostatic, Magnetic-field,
Time-of-flight – Detectors: Solid state, Scintillation counters, Electron multipliers – Actual
instruments – Analog or pulse height spectroscopy electronics – Digital techniques – Impact of
microprocessors on inflight data processing units – Power supplies – Neutral particle imagers.

UNIT III MEASUREMENT OF MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELDS 9

Fluxgate magnetometer – Search coil magnetometer – Optical absorption magnetometer.
Electric Fields: Double probe technique – Beam experiments – Observation of electric fields
parallel to the magnetic field.

UNIT IV PHOTON COUNTING SENSORS AND IMAGERS 9

Auroral imagers: Optical, UV, X-ray – X-ray sensors and imagers - Detection techniques,
Grazing-incidence optics – Charged Coupled Devices – Other imaging techniques –
tomography.

UNIT V SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS AND SATELLITE ORBITS 9

Subsystems – Testing and Qualifications – Trade-offs – Role of orbit to investigation – Unusual
orbital techniques: L1 orbit, double lunar swing-by.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Explains how mathematics, physics, and engineering-based concepts are used to develop
and design a sensor which complies with a set of specific requirements.
 Discusses essential topics such as cost estimation, signal processing, noise reduction,
filters, phased arrays, radars, optics, and radiometers used in space operation.

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  Covers a range of typical sensors used in the spacecraft industry such as infrared, passive
microwave, radars and space-based GPS sensors.
 Spacecraft Sensors is an invaluable resource for engineers, technical consultants, those in
the business division, and research scientists associated with spacecraft projects.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Abid, Mohamed M., “Spacecraft Sensors”, Chichester, England; Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley, 2005.
2. KohichiroOyama,Chio-Zong Cheng, “An introduction to space instrumentation”, Tokyo,
Japan: Terrapub, 2013.

REFERENCE:
1. Yuri Surkov, “Exploration of Terrestrial Planets from Spacecraft: Instrumentation,
Investigation, Interpretation”, Wiley-Praxis Series in Astronomy & Astrophysics, Ellis
Horwood Ltd, 2ndEd., 1990.

L T P C
U20AS843 SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on communication and navigation system.

OBJECTIVES:
 The main objective of the course is to introduce the concept of space system design and
engineering.
 To describe the various subsystems involved in the design of a satellite and Launch
Vehicle.
 To describe the techniques of systems engineering that are used to obtain a coherent
satellite design.

UNIT I SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES 9

Deployment and Geometry Maintenance – Deployment for Aperture Maintenance - Origins
Telescope Dynamics and Controls - SIM Dynamics and Control Block Diagram - Dynamic
Disturbance Sources - Disturbance Analysis - Modal Sensitivity Analysis - Thermal Issues with
Structures - Impedance Matched Tether Termination - Control-Structure Interaction - SPECS
Geometry - Tether Vibration Control.

UNIT II SPACECRAFT POWER SYSTEMS 9

Electrical Power System - Power Sources - Power Source Applicability - Design Space for RTGs
- Primary Battery Types - Secondary Battery Types - Depth of Discharge - Fuel Cells and
Characteristics - Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators - Thermoelectric Generator - Solar
Cell - Solar Cell Physics - Solar Cell Operating Characteristics - Temperature Effects - Radiation
Effects - Solar Array Construction - Cell Shadowing - Power Distribution Systems - DET Power
Regulation Systems - PPT Power Distribution Systems.

UNIT III SPACECRAFT COMPUTER SYSTEMS 9

Computer system specification - Estimating throughput and processor speed requirements -
Computer selection – Memory - Mass storage - Input/ Output - Radiation hardness - Fault
tolerance - Error detection and correction - Integration and test.

UNIT IV SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONSYSTEM 9

Satellite Communications Architecture - Advantages of Digital Communication - Data Collection
Mission - Link Design Process - Power Flux Density - Received Power - System Noise
Temperature - Modulation Techniques - Bit Error Rate - Convolutional Coding with Viterbi
Decoding – Attenuation - Frequency Selection Drivers - Multiple Access Strategies - Antijam
Techniques - Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM).

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UNIT V LAUNCH SYSTEMS 9
Launch System Selection Process - Launch Sites Criteria - Payload Integration - Fairings -
Structural & Electrical Interface - Payload Environments - Acceleration Load Factors - Vibration
Environments - Shock Loads - Acoustic Environments - Injection Accuracy - Payload Integration
Procedures - Payload Processing - Launch System Cost Estimate.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Analyse the issues in the spacecraft structures.
 Understand the functions of spacecraft power systems.
 Detect the error and correct in the spacecraft computer systems.
 Learn system engineering by designing, building, and testing a small satellite in
laboratory.
 Understand the selection process of the launch systems.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. James R. Wertz, Wiley Larson, “Space Mission Analysis and Design”, 3rdEd., Springer
Netherlands, 1999.
2. Peter Fortescue, Graham Swinerd, John Stark, “Spacecraft Systems Engineering”, 4th
Ed., Willey, 2011.
3. Vincent L. Piscane, “Fundamentals of Space Systems”,Oxford University Press, 2nd Ed.,
2005.

REFERENCES:
1. James R. Wertz, “Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control”, Springer, 1978.
2. Kaplan, M. H., “Modern Spacecraft Dynamics and Control”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2011.
3. MaralG., and VousquetM., “Satellite Communications Systems: Systems, Techniques,
and Technology”, 5th Ed., 2010.
4. Markley F. Landis, Crassidis John L., “Fundamentals of Spacecraft Attitude
Determination and Control”, Springer, 2014.
5. Roger R. Bate, Donald D. Mueller, and Jerry E. White, “Fundamentals of
Astrodynamics”, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1971.

L T P C
U20AS402 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Knowledge on Engineering Mechanics and basics of strength of materials

OBJECTIVES:
 To analyze the truss structure and find forces acting in the individual members
deflections of the truss with the nature using different methods.
 To calculate the reaction forces for indeterminate beams. Should be able to draw shear
force and bending moment diagrams for indeterminate beams using different methods.
 To calculate the bending stresses in unsymmetrical sections using different methods.
 To calculate crippling load of columns and beam columns with various end conditions
using Euler’s method and Rankine’s formula.
 To analyze the buckling and crippling characteristics of rectangular shear panels.

UNIT I STATICALLY DETERMINATE STRUCTURES 9

Statically determinate and indeterminate systems, analysis of plane truss; method of joints,
method of sections, analysis of space truss and plane frames, Principle of virtual work,
Deflection of truss, frame and rings using unit load method.

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UNIT II STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES 9
Shear force and bending moment of fixed‐fixed beam, Propped cantilever beam, Continuous
beam, Clapeyron’s Three Moment Equation, Moment Distribution Method. Deflection of
indeterminate beams using energy method and unit load method.

UNIT III UNSYMMETRICAL BENDING 9

Bending stresses in beams of unsymmetrical sections, Bending of symmetric sections with
Skew loads, Principal axis method, Neutral axis method, Generalized K method.

UNIT IV BUCKLING OF COLUMNS 9

Columns with various end conditions, Euler's Column curve, inelastic buckling, Rankine's
formula, Column with initial curvature, Eccentric loading, South well plot, Beam column.

UNIT V BUCKLING AND CRIPPLING OF PANELS 9

Bending of thin plates, Rectangular sheets under compression, Local buckling stress of thin
walled sections, Crippling stresses by Needham's and Gerard's methods. Thin walled column
strength. Sheet stiffener panels. Effective sheet width, inter rivet and sheet wrinkling failures
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
 Ability to perform linear static analysis of determinate and indeterminate aircraft
structural components.
 Ability to analyze the unsymmetrical sections.
 Calculate the response of statically indeterminate structures under various loading
conditions
 Examine the Buckling of columns.
 Create a structure to carry the buckling and crippling stresses of panels.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. ‘T.M.G. Megson, “Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students”, Fifth edition, Butterworth‐
Heinemann, 2012.
2. D.J. Peery, “Aircraft Structures”, Dover Publications Inc., 2011.

REFERENCES:
1. B.K. Donaldson, "Analysis of Aircraft Structures ‐ An Introduction", Second edition,
Cambridge University Press, 2012.
2. Howard D Curtis, ‘Fundamentals of Aircraft Structural Analysis’, WCB‐ McGraw Hill, 1997.
3. R.M. Rivello, “Theory and Analysis of Flight Structures”, McGraw Hill, 1993

U20HS601 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING L T PC

3 0 0 3

Pre-requisite: General Social awareness on engineering ethics.

OBJECTIVE:
 To enable the students to create an awareness on Engineering Ethics and Human Values to
instill Moral and Social Values and Loyalty and to appreciate the rights of others.

UNIT I HUMAN VALUES 10

Morals, values and Ethics – Integrity – Work ethic – Service learning – Civic virtue – Respect for
others – Living peacefully – Caring – Sharing – Honesty – Courage – Valuing time –
Cooperation – Commitment – Empathy – Self-confidence – Character – Spirituality –
Introduction to Yoga and meditation for professional excellence and stress management.

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UNIT II ENGINEERING ETHICS 9
Senses of ‘Engineering Ethics’ – Variety of moral issues – Types of inquiry – Moral dilemmas –
Moral Autonomy – Kohlberg’s theory – Gilligan’s theory – Consensus and Controversy – Models
of professional roles - Theories about right action – Self-interest – Customs and Religion – Uses
of Ethical Theories.

UNIT III ENGINEERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIMENTATION 9

Engineering as Experimentation – Engineers as responsible Experimenters – Codes of Ethics –
A Balanced Outlook on Law.

UNIT IV SAFETY, RESPONSIBILITIES AND RIGHTS 9

Safety and Risk – Assessment of Safety and Risk – Risk Benefit Analysis and Reducing Risk -
Respect for Authority – Collective Bargaining – Confidentiality – Conflicts of Interest –
Occupational Crime – Professional Rights – Employee Rights – Intellectual Property Rights
(IPR) – Discrimination.

UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES 8

Multinational Corporations – Environmental Ethics – Computer Ethics – Weapons Development
– Engineers as Managers – Consulting Engineers – Engineers as Expert Witnesses and
Advisors – Moral Leadership –Code of Conduct – Corporate Social Responsibility.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOME:
 Upon completion of the course, the student should be able to apply ethics in society, discuss
the ethical issues related to engineering and realize the responsibilities and rights in the
society.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Govindarajan M, Natarajan S, Senthil Kumar V. S, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall of
India, New Delhi, 2004.
2. Mike W. Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi,
2003.

REFERENCES:
1. Charles B. Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2004.
2. Charles E. Harris, Michael S. Pritchard and Michael J. Rabins, “Engineering Ethics –
Concepts and Cases”, Cengage Learning, 2009.
3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and
Engineers”, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001.
4. John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2003
5. Laura P. Hartman and Joe Desjardins, “Business Ethics: Decision Making for Personal
Integrity and Social Responsibility” Mc Graw Hill education, India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2013.
6. World Community Service Centre, ‘Value Education’, Vethathiri publications, Erode, 2011.

Web sources:
1. www.onlineethics.org
2. www.nspe.org
3. www.globalethics.org
4. www.ethics.org

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U20AE822 UAV L T P C
3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite: Aerodynamics/Flight Mechanics and Design of fixed wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce the basic concepts of unmanned aerial vehicles.
 To make students familiarize with the design aspects of UAV.
 To impart knowledge on the hardware components and their application in the UAV systems.
 To infer about the communication and control detail of UAV.
 To introduce the basic operational futures of UAV systems.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO UAV 09
History of UAV –classification – Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems--models and prototypes –
System Composition-applications
UNIT II THE DESIGN OF UAV SYSTEMS 09
Introduction to Design and Selection of the System- Aerodynamics and Airframe Configurations-
Characteristics of Aircraft Types- Design Standards and Regulatory Aspects-UK,USA and Europe-
Design for Stealth--control surfaces-specifications.
UNIT III AVIONICS HARDWARE 09
Autopilot – AGL-pressure sensors-servos-accelerometer –gyros-actuators- power supply-processor,
integration, installation, configuration, and testing
UNIT IV COMMUNICATION PAYLOADS AND CONTROLS 09
Payloads-Telemetry-tracking-Aerial photography-controls-PID feedback-radio control frequency range
–modems-memory system-simulation-ground test-analysis-trouble shooting
UNIT V THE DEVELOPMENT OF UAV SYSTEMS 09
Waypoints navigation-ground control software- System Ground Testing- System In-flight Testing-
Future Prospects and Challenges-Case Studies – Mini and Micro UAVs.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOME
At the end of this course, the students will be able to
 Acquire knowledge on the importance of UAVs with respect to their applications.
 Identify and distinguish between various subsystems and configurations of UAV.
 Perform ground test and troubleshooting with respect to UAV operation.
 Distinguish between needs of mini and micro UAVs.
 Gain insights with design standards and regulatory aspects of UAVs.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Paul G Fahlstrom, Thomas J Gleason, “Introduction to UAV Systems”, UAV Systems, Inc,
1998
2. Reg Austin “Unmanned Aircraft Systems UAV design, development and deployment”, Wiley,
2010.
REFERENCES:
1. Armand J. Chaput, “Design of Unmanned Air Vehicle Systems”,Lockheed Martin
Aeronautics Company, 2001.
2. Kimon P. Valavanis, “Advances in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: State of the Art and the Road
to Autonomy”, Springer, 2007.
3. Robert C. Nelson, Flight Stability and Automatic Control, McGraw-Hill, Inc, 1998.

106