LESSON TRANSCRIPT

Beginner S1 #16
Shopping for Vegetables in India

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
DIALOGUE
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
VOCAB LIST
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
LESSON FOCUS
OUTRO

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INTRODUCTION
Maya: "Namaste," I'm Maya, and welcome back to HindiPod101.com’s Beginner Series. This is Season 1,
Lesson 16 - Shopping for Vegetables in India.

Udita: "Namaste,I’m Udita in Hindi". In this lesson you’ll learn how to use the verb “करना karNaa”
meaning to do.

Maya: This conversation takes place at a street market.

Udita: It’s between a vegetable seller and a customer.

Maya: Since they are strangers, they’ll be using Polite Hindi.

Udita: Let’s listen to the conversation.

DIALOGUE
A:भै या आलू कतने के है? (bhaiyaa aaLuu kiTNe ke hai?)

B:पंचीस पये कलो. (panciiS rupaye kiLo.)

A:ब त यादा है. आप दाम कम करगे तो चार कलो लगे. (bahuT zyaaDaa hai. aap Daam kam kareNge To caar kiLo
Lenge.)

B:च लए चार कलो के अ सी दे द जए. (caLie caar kiLo ke aSSii De Diijie.)

A:और टमाटर के कतने? (aur tamaatar ke kiTNe?)

B:बीस पये कलो. कतना लगे? (biiS rupaye kiLo. kiTaNaa Lenge?)

A:आलू के साथ, दो कलो द जए. (aaLuu ke SaaTH, Do kiLo Diijie.)

Maya: Now, let’s listen to the same conversation at a slow speed.

A:भै या आलू कतने के है? (bhaiyaa aaLuu kiTNe ke hai?)

B:पंचीस पये कलो. (panciiS rupaye kiLo.)

A:ब त यादा है. आप दाम कम करगे तो चार कलो लगे. (bahuT zyaaDaa hai. aap Daam kam kareNge To caar kiLo
Lenge.)

B:च लए चार कलो के अ सी दे द जए. (caLie caar kiLo ke aSSii De Diijie.)

A:और टमाटर के कतने? (aur tamaatar ke kiTNe?)

B:बीस पये कलो. कतना लगे? (biiS rupaye kiLo. kiTaNaa Lenge?)

A:आलू के साथ, दो कलो द जए. (aaLuu ke SaaTH, Do kiLo Diijie.)

Maya: Let’s now listen to the conversation with the English translation.

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A:भै या आलू कतने के है? (bhaiyaa aaLuu kiTNe ke hai?)

A: How much for the potatoes?

B:पंचीस पये कलो. (panciiS rupaye kiLo.)

B: Twenty-five rupees per kilogram.

A:ब त यादा है. आप दाम कम करगे तो चार कलो लगे. (bahuT zyaaDaa hai. aap Daam kam kareNge To caar kiLo
Lenge.)

A: That's too expensive. If you can lower the price, I'll buy four kilograms.

B:च लए चार कलो के अ सी दे द जए. (caLie caar kiLo ke aSSii De Diijie.)

B: Okay, you can pay eighty rupees for the four kilograms.

A:और टमाटर के कतने? (aur tamaatar ke kiTNe?)

A: How much for the tomatoes?

B:बीस पये कलो. कतना लगे? (biiS rupaye kiLo. kiTaNaa Lenge?)

B: Twenty rupees per kilogram. How much would you like?

A:आलू के साथ, दो कलो द जए. (aaLuu ke SaaTH, Do kiLo Diijie.)

A: Two kilograms, along with the potatoes.

POST CONVERSATION BANTER

Maya: We talked about how Indians don’t generally shop at supermarkets earlier in the series. So a lot
of people’s groceries are bought at local stores. Vegetables are also bought separately.

Udita: Yes, vegetables are bought and sold fresh in street markets. People from farming families bring
their produce into towns and cities on a daily basis, and sell them on open-wheeled carts.

Maya: You walk around, look at the fruits and vegetables, and pick out the ones you think look fresh and
good. When you buy them, the seller weighs them on a hand-held weighing scale, and sells them to you
by the gram.

Udita: So Maya, the listeners might be wondering – how do you know where to find these vegetable
sellers?

Maya: There are areas that are designated street markets in every locality. The sellers assemble there
with all their available fruits and vegetables.

Udita: Some of them also walk around with their carts, and fruit sellers especially walk around with
baskets of fruit on their heads, calling the name of the fruit they have out loudly in sing-song voices. This
is very common with seasonal fruits in summer.

Maya: It works out somehow, doesn’t it? You can always find a seller when you need to. The prices end
up being the same or close to an average number, no matter which seller you go to.

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Udita: But of course, you can also bargain around the accepted price.

Maya: Ok, now let’s move on to the vocab.

VOCAB LIST
Udita: कतने के (kiTNE ke) [natural native speed]

Maya: for how much

Udita: कतने के (kiTNE ke) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: कतने के (kiTNE ke) [natural native speed]

Udita: टमाटर (tamaatar) [natural native speed]

Maya: tomato

Udita: टमाटर (tamaatar) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: टमाटर (tamaatar) [natural native speed]

Udita: कम (kam) [natural native speed]

Maya: less, lesser

Udita: कम (kam) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: कम (kam) [natural native speed]

Udita: आलू (aaloo) [natural native speed]

Maya: potato

Udita: आलू (aaloo) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: आलू (aaloo) [natural native speed]

Udita: पंचीस (panchiiS) [natural native speed]

Maya: 25

Udita: पंचीस (panchiiS) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: पंचीस (panchiiS) [natural native speed]

Udita: यादा (zyaaDaa) [natural native speed]

Maya: lot, more

Udita: यादा (zyaaDaa) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: यादा (zyaaDaa) [natural native speed]

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Udita: च लए (caLie) [natural native speed]

Maya: all right

Udita: च लए (caLie) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: च लए (caLie) [natural native speed]

Udita: दाम (Daam) [natural native speed]

Maya: cost

Udita: दाम (Daam) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: दाम (Daam) [natural native speed]

Udita: अ सी (assii) [natural native speed]

Maya: eighty

Udita: अ सी (assii) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: अ सी (assii) [natural native speed]

Udita: साथ (saath) [natural native speed]

Maya: with, together

Udita: साथ (saath) [slowly - broken down by syllable]

Udita: साथ (saath) [natural native speed]

KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES

Udita: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson.

Maya: The first word is ‘ यादा zyaaDaa’, which means “too much” or “a lot”. This is used as an adjective
and an adverb.

Udita: Here is an example - “ यादा लोग नह दख रहे zyaaDaa Log Nahiin Dikh rahe”. This means “I don’t see
many people”.

Maya: ‘ यादा zyaaDaa’ is often used with ‘ब त bahuT’ which means ‘very’. Together “ब त यादा bahuT
zyaaDaa” means “too much”. This is used in the place of the adverb “too” with other adjectives. For
example, you could say “ब त यादा ठं डा है bahuT zyaaDaa thaNdaa hai”.

Udita: This means “It’s too cold.” Okay, the next word is the opposite - it’s “कम kam” which means “less”
or “lesser”, and also “a little” or “too little”.

Maya: This is also used with “ब त bahuT” to mean “too little”. For example “ब त कम दाल बाक है bahuT kam
DaaL bakii hai” means “There’s hardly any Daal left”. Daal is the lentil dish that Indians mix their rice
with in most meals.

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Udita: There’s also a common phrase “कम से कम kam Se kam” which means “at least”. Here’s an example
of how it is used “कम से कम दे खकर आअो kam Se kam Dekhke To aao”.

Maya: This means “At least go and check it out!” The next word is “साथ SaaTH” which means “together
with”.

Udita: This is used with the particle ‘ke’. For example “जूत के साथ juuTon ke SaaTH” means “with the
shoes”.

Maya: Another meaning of this word is the noun ‘company’, which is a masculine noun, as in “her
company” or “their company”.

Udita: For example “आप का साथ aap kaa SaaTH” means “your company”, whereas “आप के साथ aap ke
SaaTH” means “with you”.

Maya: Sometimes this can mean “support” as well. Ok, now let’s move on to grammar.

LESSON FOCUS
Maya: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the verb “करना karNaa”.

Udita: This is one of the most commonly used verbs in Hindi. It is often used with participles and nouns
as well.

Maya: This verb is a special verb, because it doesn’t follow the same rules of conjugation. The simple
present is ‘करता karTaa’, ‘करती karTii’ and ‘करते karTe’.

Udita: The usage can differ depending on the level of formality. In the second person, ‘karte’ is used for
both genders and singular or plural, and when speaking at the Polite level too. For example, to ask ‘what
do you do?’ in Hindi you would say “तुम या करते हो? Tum kyaa karTe ho?” and to say “what does your
brother do?” at the Polite level, you would say “आप के भाइ या करत ह? Aap ke bhaaii kyaa karTe hain?”.

Maya: The simple past tense of ‘करना karNaa’ in the singular is ‘ कया kiyaa’ and ‘करी karii’, for male and
female. ‘ कया kiyaa’ is used for both genders a lot of the time, so that ‘करी karii’ is only used rarely.

Udita: The plural is ‘कर karen’ or ‘ कए kie’. But also for plural, the male singular is used commonly. For
example ‘उ होने कया uNhoNe kiyaa’ means “they did”.

Maya: The simple future tense uses the same verb endings that regular verbs in this tense do. ‘करेगा
karegaa’ and ‘करेगी karegii’ are the singular masculine and feminine forms respectively, in the third
person.

Udita: In the first person they are ‘क ं गा karuNga’ and ‘क ं गी karuNgii’ in their masculine and feminine
forms.

Maya: The Polite and plural in the future tense is ‘करगे kareNge’ for both.

Udita: Okay, these are the simple present, past and future tenses. The participle form of the verb is the
same as its past tense. ‘Kiyaa’ is with masculine nouns, ‘karii’ with feminine nouns, and ‘karen’ with
plural nouns.

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Maya: Yes, it’s important to note that when using the verb participle, the verb form has to agree with the
gender of the object, and not the subject.

Udita: For example, ‘नाटक Naatak’ is a masculine Noun in Hindi which means ‘a play’, and so to say ‘I
have acted in this play before’ you would say “म ने पेह ले यह नाटक कया है main Ne yah Naatak kiyaa hai”.

Maya: Right. ‘ कया है kiyaa hai’, ‘करी है karii hai’ and ‘कर है karen hai’ all mean “have done” in first, second
or third persons. To change this to “had done”, the “है hai” simply changes to “था THaa”.

Udita: To say “will be done” the participles are the same, but they are combined with the verb “जाना
jaaNaa” in the future tense. The masculine will be “ कया जाएगा kiyaa jaaegaa”, the feminine will be “करी
जाएगी karii jaaegii” and the plural is “कर जाएंगे karen jaaeNge”.

Maya: Let’s go through the simple Imperative forms now. They are ‘कर kar’, ‘करो karo’ and ‘क रए karie’ or
‘क जए kiijie’.

Udita: Right. These mean “Do” as an order. ‘कर kar’ is at the Intimate Level, ‘करो karo’ is the Familiar level
and ‘क रए karie’ and ‘क जए kiijie’ are both Polite forms.

Maya: As an example let’s say “Finish this quickly” in all these levels. What would it be at the Polite Level?

Udita: “ज द खतम क जए JaLDii khaTam kiijie” or “ज द खतम क रए jaLDii khaTam karie”. They both mean the
same but ‘क जए kiijie’ is standard and ‘क रएkarie’ is more colloquial.

Maya: At the Familiar level, this is “ज द खतम करो jaLDii khaTam karo”.

Udita: At the Intimate level, this is “ज द खतम कर jaLDii khaTam kar”.

Maya: Right, and as always, it is not recommended that you use the Intimate level except with very close
friends or relations, especially in the imperative form.

OUTRO
Udita: Well that’s all we have time for in this lesson. We hope you enjoyed it!

Maya: Don’t forget to check out the lesson notes for more examples and explanations.

Udita: Thanks for listening and see you next time!

Maya: Sukriyaa aur aLviDaa!

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