ASIAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION COLLEGE

P. BURGOS STS. TACLOBAN CITY 6500

NARRATIVE REPORT
IN
PE 04

SUBMITTED BY : DIVINE MAE D. GUIMBAOLIBOT

MARK JOSHUA DE VERA
KAYCE J. LARGO
KHOLIN KAY HOLANDA
JOHN REY CAIGOY ROGERO

SUBMITTED TO : MR. ALJAY JOHN LUGASAN

Basketball Rules
The rules of basketball can vary slightly depending on the level of play (for example professional
rules differ from college rules) or where the game is played (international rules are different from
USA professional rules). These rule differences, however, are usually just variations on the
basic game of basketball and the majority of the rules discussed below can be applied to most
any game of basketball played.

The winner of a basketball game is the team with the most points. You get points by throwing
the basketball through the opponent's hoop or basket. In regular play a basket made from within
the three point line is worth 2 points and a basket shot from outside the three point line is worth
three points. When shooting a free throw, each free throw is worth 1 point.

Rules for the offense

The basketball team on offense is the team with the basketball. When a player has the
basketball there are certain rules they must follow:

1) The player must bounce, or dribble, the ball with one hand while moving both feet. If, at any
time, both hands touch the ball or the player stops dribbling, the player must only move one
foot. The foot that is stationary is called the pivot foot.

2) The basketball player can only take one turn at dribbling. In other words, once a player has
stopped dribbling they cannot start another dribble. A player who starts dribbling again is called
for a double-dribbling violation and looses the basketball to the other team. A player can only
start another dribble after another player from either team touches or gains control of the
basketball. This is usually after a shot or pass.

3) The ball must stay in bounds. If the offensive team looses the ball out of bounds the other
team gets control of the basketball.

4) The players hand must be on top of the ball while dribbling. If they touch the bottom of the
basketball while dribbling and continue to dribble this is called carrying the ball and the player
will lose the ball to the other team.

5) Once the offensive team crosses half court, they may not go back into the backcourt. This is
called a backcourt violation. If the defensive team knocks the ball into the backcourt, then the
offensive team can recover the ball legally.

Defensive Rules

The team on defense is the team without the basketball.

1) The main rule for the defensive player is not to foul. A foul is described as gaining an unfair
advantage through physical contact. There is some interpretation that has to be made by the
referee, but, in general, the defensive player may not touch the offensive player in a way that
causes the offensive player to lose the ball or miss a shot.
Rules for everyone

1) Although the foul rule is described above as a defensive rule, it applies exactly the same to
all players on the court including offensive players.

2) Basketball players cannot kick the ball or hit it with their fist.

3) No player can touch the basketball while it is traveling downward towards the basket or if it is
on the rim. This is called goaltending. (touching the ball on the rim is legal in some games).

Every player on the court is subject to the same rules regardless of the position they play. The
positions in basketball are just for team basketball strategy and there are no positions in the
rules.

Basketball Court
Referee Basketball
Violations Signals
 Walking or traveling
(not bouncing the ball while walking) - One of the basic ideas of the sport of basketball
is that you have to dribble or bounce the ball while you are walking or running. When you
have stopped dribbling one of your feet will become your pivot foot. You cannot move
your pivot foot or lift it off of the ground. If you do, this is called traveling.
 Five second violation -a player can't dribble the ball with his back or side to the basket
for longer than five seconds. The count ends when the player picks up the dribble.
 Illegal or double dribble - You only get to dribble once in basketball. If you stop
dribbling you have to pass it to another player or shoot the ball. If you start dribbling
again, this is called double dribbling.
 Ten seconds (taking more than 10 seconds to get the ball over half court) - The
offensive team has 10 seconds to get the ball across half court. If it takes longer than 10
seconds, then they will lose possession of the ball.
 Carrying or Palming the ball - Carrying, or palming, is like a double dribble. Players
may not put the palm of their hands under the ball or carry the ball in one hand for a long
time. This is similar to holding the ball and a double dribble.
 Over and back (half-court violation) - Once the offensive team has gotten the ball over
half court, they cannot go back into the defender's half court with the ball. This is called
over-and-back.
 Kicking (intentionally kicking the ball) - Players are not allowed to intentionally kick the
ball. If a defensive player kicks the ball, the offensive team will get it out of bounds.
 Three seconds (offensive player is in the lane or key for more than 3 seconds) -
Offensive players are not allowed to stay in the free throw lane, or key, for more
than three seconds. Anytime they leave the key or the ball hits the rim, the three
second count starts over again.
 Lane violations - During a free throw shot, players will line up on both sides of the lane.
If they jump into the lane prior to the shot, it will be called a lane violation. If it was an
offensive player, a made shot will not count. If it was a defensive player, a missed shot
will not count and the shooter will get another try.
 Goaltending - Goaltending is when a player interferes with a shot when it is above the
rim, but still on its downward path to the basket, interferes with the ball while on the rim
of the basket, or touches the net or rim while the ball is being shot. If goaltending is
called on the defense, the shot is called good. If goaltending is on the offense, then the
shot does not count and the defense gets the ball.
 Out of bounds - The ball is considered out of bounds when it touches the ground
outside the lines of the court. The lines themselves are considered out of bounds as
well. It is also out of bounds if the ball touches a player who has any part of their body
touching the ground out of bounds.
Referee Basketball Foul Signals
Typical Defensive Fouls
Hand check -  A hand check foul is called when a player uses their hands to impede or slow the
movement of another player. This is usually called on the defensive player covering the player
with the ball on the perimeter.
Holding - Similar to a hand check foul, but is generally called when a player grabs another
player and holds on to prevent them from moving.
Blocking -  A blocking foul is called when one player uses their body to prevent the movement
of another player. This is often called when the defensive player is trying to draw a charge, but
does not have their feet set or initiates the contact.
Technical foul or "T" (generally for misconduct or unsportsman like behavior) - may be
assessed to any player on the court or anyone seated on the bench for conduct which, in the
opinion of an official, is detrimental to the game. The technical foul must be charged to an
individual. A technical foul cannot be assessed for physical contact when the ball is alive.
Typical Offensive Fouls
Charging or player control foul - Charging is called on the player with the ball when they run
into a player that already has position. If the defensive player doesn't have position or is moving,
then generally the official will call blocking on the defender.

Intentional foul - a foul deliberately committed by a defensive player to stop play, tactically
conceding the penalty of having the fouled player attempt the awarded foul shots in return for
possession of the ball.
Pushing - when a defender pushes an offensive player or bumps into the body of an offensive
player.

Other Referee Signals

Jump Ball - A method of putting the ball into play. The referee tosses the ball up between two
opponents who try to tap it to a teammate. The jump ball is used to begin games and, in the
professional game, when the ball is possessed by two opposing players at the same time.
No Score - When the shooter makes a basket but is fouled, the ref must determine if the foul
occurred during the act of shooting. If the shooter wasn't in the act of shooting, the basket
doesn't count.
30 second time out - "30-second timeouts" are called by the officials and are used to check the
game clock and make sure it is accurate. These timeouts last for 30 seconds and the clock is
not stopped during this time.
Start clock - Beginning with one hand raised above head, the start of the clock is
indicated by dropping the raised hand directly towards the floor and the clock should
be started.

Three point attempt - A successful field goal attempt from the area outside the three-point field
goal line shall count three points. The shooter must have at least one foot on the floor outside
the three-point field goal line prior to the attempt. The shooter may not be touching the floor on
or inside the three-point field goal line.
Stop clock - When a referee lifts his/her right hand directly up and blows the whistle, the
timekeeper should stop the clock. There are several reasons that the clock is stopped during a
game including calling a foul, the basketball going out of bounds, calling time-outs, and free
throws.
Three point score - When a player hits a three-pointer, the ref will raise both hands to signal
that it was a successful three-point shot.
 Basketball: Penalties for Fouls

Fouling Out

Each time a player commits a foul, they get another personal foul added to their name. If they
reach a certain total during they game they will have "fouled out" and will not be allowed to play
any more. It takes five fouls to foul out in college and high school, six fouls in the NBA.

Team Fouls

The total number of team fouls add up during the game as well. After a certain number of fouls,
a team is considered "over the limit" and free throws will be awarded for non-shooting fouls. The
rules for the NBA and college/high school are different:

NBA - Team fouls are added up per quarter. Four fouls are allowed with two free throws being
awarded starting with the fifth foul. Only defensive fouls count toward team fouls.

NCAA college and High School - Team fouls are added up per half. After 6 fouls a team is
awarded a one-and-one free throw. A one-and-one means that the first free throw must be
made in order to get a second free throw. If the player misses the first, the ball is live and play
begins. After 10 fouls in a half, two free throws are awarded.

Technical Foul

A technical foul is given for unsportsmanlike conduct or other infraction. This can range from
fighting to arguing with the official. Both coaches and players can get technical fouls.

In high school the penalty for a technical foul is two free throws and the ball for the other team.
Also, if a player or coach receives two technicals during a game, they will be ejected. In college
a technical foul counts as a personal foul as well, so it adds into fouling out. In the NBA a
technical foul does not count as a personal foul.

Flagrant Foul

Another type of foul in basketball is the flagrant foul. This is when a foul could seriously injure an
opponent. Generally two free throws and possession of the ball are awarded. In high school and
college the player committing the flagrant foul is ejected from the game. In the NBA it can count
as a technical foul or the player can be ejected depending on the severity of the foul.
 Basketball: The Clock and Timing

How long is a basketball game?

Basketball games are played a set amount of time. It's different for different leagues and
levels of play:

 High School - High school basketball games are made up of four 8-minute
quarters or two 16-minute halves.
 College - NCAA college basketball games consists of two 20 minute halves. This
is the same for the WNBA and international games.
 NBA - NBA games are made up of four 12-minute quarters.

When does the clock run?

The clock runs whenever the ball is in play. The clock is stopped whenever the ball
goes out of bounds, a foul is called, free throws are being shot, and during time outs.
When the ball is inbound, the clock starts once a player touches the ball.

In the NBA the clock stops after a made shot during the last two minutes of the game
and overtime. For college it stops during the last minute of the game and overtime.

Overtime

If the game is tied after regulation time, there will be overtime. Overtime is 5 minutes
long in most leagues. Additional overtimes will be added until one team ends up on top.

The Shot Clock

In order to speed up the game and to prevent teams from stalling, a shot clock was
added. This is how long you have to shoot the ball. If the ball changes possession or
hits the rim of the basket, the shot clock starts over. The length of the shot clock is
different for different basketball leagues:

 NCAA College Men - 35 seconds

 NCAA College Women - 30 seconds
 NBA - 24 seconds

Not all states have a shot clock for high school. Where they do, it generally follows the
NCAA rules.
Time outs
In order to give your team some rest, call a play, or just stop the game for a while,
teams can call a time out. There are different rules on time outs for different leagues:
High School - Players on the floor or the coach can call a time out. There are five time
 outs per game including three 60-second time outs and two 30-second time outs.

NCAA College - There are a different number of time outs depending on whether the
game is on TV or not. This is because during a TV game there are media time outs so
the TV channel can show ads. For a TV game each team gets one 60-second time out
and four 30-second time outs. For a non-TV game each team has four 75-second and
two 30-second time outs.

NBA - In the NBA each basketball team has six full time outs and one 20-second time
out per half. Only a player in the game can call a time out.

 The main difference between indoor and outdoor basketballs is the material used for each
ball. Indoor basketballs are typically made out of full-grain leather. Outdoor balls need to be
able to survive in rougher environments. They must withstand the pounding of both asphalt
and concrete.
 When playing indoors, the basketball court is smaller than an outdoor court. The 3-point line
is also shorter. There are also fewer players on an indoor team. The biggest difference
between indoor and outdoor basketball is the surface on which the game is played. Indoor
courts are made of hardwood, while outdoor courts are usually made of concrete or asphalt.
This can make a big difference in how the ball bounces and how players move. Indoor
games are also played with a different ball than outdoor games. The indoor ball is smaller
and has less bounce than the outdoor ball. This can make it harder to control, but it can also
be more fun to play with because it moves faster.
 The basic rules of the game are the same, there are some key differences in the equipment
used for indoor and outdoor basketball. Perhaps the most obvious difference is the type of
ball used. Outdoor basketballs are typically made from rubber, while indoor balls are made
from synthetic materials. This difference in the material helps indoor balls bounce better on
hardwood floors and also makes them less susceptible to damage from rough outdoor
surfaces. Another key difference between indoor and outdoor basketball equipment is the
size of the hoop. Regulation-size hoops for both men’s and women’s games measure 18
inches in diameter, but outdoor hoops are typically much larger. This difference in size can
make shooting outdoors more challenging as there is a larger surface area to account for
when aiming.
 An outdoor basketball court typically consists of a rectangular surface with two hoops at
either end and lines marking the free-throw line, 3-point line, and other areas on the playing
field. It can be found in many different settings, such as parks, gymnasiums, schools, or
residential backyards. These courts are designed for durability and performance so players
can experience a realistic game environment outdoors. They are typically made from asphalt
or concrete surfaces that provide excellent traction and grip for sneakers when playing.
Outdoor basketball courts may feature height-adjustable baskets so that players of all ages
can enjoy their game at any level they desire.
The basketball rules that originally were published on Jan. 15, 1892, in the Springfield
College school newspaper, The Triangle.
Dr. James Naismith's Original 13 Rules of Basketball
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist).
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it,
allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he tries to
stop.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall
be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall
disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the
whole of the game, no substitute allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3,4, and such as described in Rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive
means without the opponents in the mean time making a foul).
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays
there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the
edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first
touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is
allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying
the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that side.
10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three
consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.
11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to
which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and
keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.
12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes' rest between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the
game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.