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Mongo DB Map Reduce

MapReduce is a data processing paradigm used in MongoDB to condense large datasets into aggregated results. It uses the mapReduce command to perform map-reduce operations. The map function emits key-value pairs, and the reduce function groups documents by key and performs aggregation. For example, a mapReduce query on a posts collection could select active posts, group them by user, and count the number of posts per user. This allows flexible aggregation of data using JavaScript functions.

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Ashok Avulamanda
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21 views

Mongo DB Map Reduce

MapReduce is a data processing paradigm used in MongoDB to condense large datasets into aggregated results. It uses the mapReduce command to perform map-reduce operations. The map function emits key-value pairs, and the reduce function groups documents by key and performs aggregation. For example, a mapReduce query on a posts collection could select active posts, group them by user, and count the number of posts per user. This allows flexible aggregation of data using JavaScript functions.

Uploaded by

Ashok Avulamanda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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As per the MongoDB documentation, 

Map-reduce is a data processing paradigm for condensing large


volumes of data into useful aggregated results. MongoDB uses mapReduce command for map-reduce
operations. MapReduce is generally used for processing large data sets.

MapReduce Command

Following is the syntax of the basic mapReduce command −

>db.collection.mapReduce(

function() {emit(key,value);}, //map function

function(key,values) {return reduceFunction}, { //reduce function

out: collection,

query: document,

sort: document,

limit: number

The map-reduce function first queries the collection, then maps the result documents to emit key-value
pairs, which is then reduced based on the keys that have multiple values.

In the above syntax −

 map is a javascript function that maps a value with a key and emits a key-value pair

 reduce is a javascript function that reduces or groups all the documents having the same key

 out specifies the location of the map-reduce query result

 query specifies the optional selection criteria for selecting documents

 sort specifies the optional sort criteria

 limit specifies the optional maximum number of documents to be returned

Using MapReduce

Consider the following document structure storing user posts. The document stores user_name of the
user and the status of post.

{
"post_text": "tutorialspoint is an awesome website for tutorials",

"user_name": "mark",

"status":"active"

Now, we will use a mapReduce function on our posts collection to select all the active posts, group them
on the basis of user_name and then count the number of posts by each user using the following code −

>db.posts.mapReduce(

function() { emit(this.user_id,1); },

function(key, values) {return Array.sum(values)}, {

query:{status:"active"},

out:"post_total"

The above mapReduce query outputs the following result −

"result" : "post_total",

"timeMillis" : 9,

"counts" : {

"input" : 4,

"emit" : 4,

"reduce" : 2,

"output" : 2

},

"ok" : 1,

}
The result shows that a total of 4 documents matched the query (status:"active"), the map function
emitted 4 documents with key-value pairs and finally the reduce function grouped mapped documents
having the same keys into 2.

To see the result of this mapReduce query, use the find operator −

>db.posts.mapReduce(

function() { emit(this.user_id,1); },

function(key, values) {return Array.sum(values)}, {

query:{status:"active"},

out:"post_total"

).find()

The above query gives the following result which indicates that both users tom and mark have two
posts in active states −

{ "_id" : "tom", "value" : 2 }

{ "_id" : "mark", "value" : 2 }

In a similar manner, MapReduce queries can be used to construct large complex aggregation queries.
The use of custom Javascript functions make use of MapReduce which is very flexible and powerful.

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