#Title:’ FTC Squeeze #Author: Gord Clement, January 2011 Description : Animation to illustrate a key step in the proof of the fundamental theorem of calculus, # Shows +0 ~ and the absolute maximum and minimum on [x, x +h] converging to x Usage: No user input required output = [ J: Hdefine function with lots of local maxima and minima ges (X—1)-(8 = 2) (x $1) -(e 2) +10: plot of function origplot = plot(g, x =-2.5 .2.5 ,y=5 20, tickmarks = (0, 0], thickness =2, labels Hplot of vertical line for x oe) xplot = plot( {-2.005, y, y=5 15], x=-2.5..2.5 20, linestyle= dash, color = black, labels [nam #label for x xlabel = plots[textplot]([ ~2.005, 15.5, typeset(x) }) : Hinitalize H Hi=4: for i from 0 to.48 do ‘istep through H values H = H—0.08; #find absolute max and min values ‘my = minimize(g, x =-2.005 ..-2.005 +H); My == maximize(g, x =-2.005 ..-2.005 +H); tiplot for max and min values minpiot = plot(my, x =-2.005 ..~2.005 +H, color = blue, thickness =2, labels = [", *" ‘maxplot = plot( My, x =~2.005 ..-2.005 + H, color = green, thickness = 2, label iifind x value corresponding to min mx == ~0,565; #default to the one x value that numerically slips through the cracks mxList = evalf (solve(g=my, x) assuming real; #find all possible x values for the min if (nops( [mxList }) = 1) then mx = mxList : #if just one, use that value else tifind a value in the interval [x,x-+h] for j from | to nops( [mxList]) do if (-2.006 < mxList{ j] <-2.004 + H) then mx i= mxListl jl; end if end do; endif, tifind x value corresponding to the max MxList ‘= evalf (solve(g = My, x)); Mx '= - 1.66; #default t0 the one value the numerically slips through the cracks if (nops( [MxList}) = 1) then Mx = MxList else for jfrom | tonops([MxList]) do if (-2.006 < MeList[ j] <-2.004 + H) thenMx = MxList[ j); end if, end do; end if, tiplots to label m and M text += plots{ textplot]( (mx, 16, typeset(m) ]) Mtext == plots{ textplot]( (Mx, 16.5, typeset(M) ]) : mplot ‘= plot( (mx, y, y=my..16], x =-2.5 ..2.5, »=5 ..20, linestyle = dash, color = black, labels Hint. Mplot = plot( (Mx, y, y= My .16.5 },x=-2.5 .2.5, y= 5.20, linestyle= dash, color = black, labels =o"); tiplots to label x-th xhplot = plot{ [ -2.005 +H, y,y=5..17],x=-2.5..2.5, y=5..20, linestyle= dash, color = black, labels = (",""]); xhlabel = plots|textplot)( { -2.005 + H, 17.5, typeset(x +h) ) : put all the pieces together {fullplot = plots display) [origplot,xplot, minplot, maxplor, xkplot,xlabel, xhlabel, mtext, Mtext, mplot, Mplot], title= ypeset| evalf( 4, 3) ) . caption = typeset(""The Maximum value ", f(M)," is plotted in green. The minimum value ", f(m)," is plotted in blue."), labels = ["", #add full plot to the list output = [op output), fullplot] end do: Hanimate list plots|display|{ [op (output) |, insequence = true, view= [ -2.5..2.5, 5..20])