Operation Procedure of 500kv Subtation HTOM E 01
Operation Procedure of 500kv Subtation HTOM E 01
0 En 1/73 HTOM-E-01
Dept: File no.:
HEPE Harbin Huitong Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd.
Project: Plant section:
747MW GUDDU Combined Cycle Power Project O&M Manual
Prepared Checked: Approved:
Form No.:
HTF-0 Operation & Maintenance Manual
Date:
2014.3 Operation Manual
Volume A
Operation Procedure of 500kv
Substation
Department: Page:
Content
O&M 2/73
Content
CONTENT..........................................................................................................3
1 SWITCHING OPERATION..........................................................................8
2 500KVTRANSFORMER...........................................................................14
4.1 Summarizing...................................................................................................................31
5.1 Summarizing...................................................................................................................35
6 500KV REACTOR.....................................................................................38
6.1 Summarizing...................................................................................................................38
7 POWER TRAPPER...................................................................................43
8 BUSBAR 、FRAMEWORK......................................................................43
8.1 Summarizing...................................................................................................................43
8.2 Inspection........................................................................................................................44
9.1 Summarizing...................................................................................................................44
9.2 Inspection........................................................................................................................45
10 AC SYSTEM IN SUBSTATION..........................................................46
10.3 Operation..........................................................................................................................48
11 SUBSTATION DC SYSTEM...............................................................50
12 ACCIDENT TREATMENT..................................................................54
14.1 Summarizing...................................................................................................................62
16.1 Summarizing...................................................................................................................66
17.1 Summarizing...................................................................................................................68
1 Switching operation
2、Device “hot stand- by status”: isolator is closed , CB is opened .electrical circuit without
CB such as busbar 、PT and so on.
1 ) “ CB cold standby status” take the fuse down for PT related with CB, open the
isolator.
2 ) “ Line cold standby status” take the fuse down for PT related with line, open the
isolator.
3) “Line cold standby status” take the fuse down for PT related with busbar, open the
isolator.
4 ) “ Cold standby status” isolates PT and arrestor with isolator, PT without upside
isolator will take down low fuse.
4、 “Maintenance status” related CB and isolator will switch off , connect the ground lead
or close earth switch (hang working brand , install temporary barrier).according to
difference device , so called “CB maintenances” or“line maintenances”
1) “CB maintenance” related CB and isolator will switch off, PT switch between CB and
line isolator be pulled down .take off CB fuse , connect the ground line (or close earth
switch).
2) “line maintenance” line CB and isolator will switch off, PT switch between CB and line
isolator be pulled down .take off CB fuse , connect the ground line (or close earth switch).
3 ) “ transformer maintenance”connect the ground line at trans each side , power off
trans cold power supply.
5、“Charging status”energize the equipment without load current , ignore litter excitation
current.
Close and open CB when CB near busbar be repaired at3/2 configuration, quit CT link
related busbar protection before primary circuit loop closing and put CT link into service
before energizing. Protection engineer take charge CT link when CT link has test link,
operation be in charge of CT link when CT link has test link.
1.2.1Items as list not be filled in PTW(permit to work), but write down operational log in
details
2、Single operation, such as Close and open CB, put low reactor or capacitor into service.
1.2.2 Except for above items, all operations must fill in PTW, including AC and DC
operation 、verification of live part 、connect or disconnect ground lead 、take down control
circuit fuse and so on .
1、Low voltage power supply (AC and DC )operation (not affected primary and secondary
equipment normal running)
1.2.4 During normal switching operation, stop to operate when accident or abnormal
condition happen , handle the accident at once ,then report to dispatcher .
1.2.5 Operator in duty must obey the dispatcher order, not allow refusing or delaying the
work. But mistaken operation task or obvious harm persons(equipment) order will be
refused, report correct suggestions to shift chief operator and leader.
Protection interlock must be unlock under the authorization of the main shift at the
substation or shift chief operator) .
1、Shifting of duty
In our site 3/2 CB connection is used, be composed of 3 completed loop , three units
connect to the substation by 340MVA three phase duplex winding transformer, every
generator outlet has GCB. 3 line are placed from west side to east side , its name is
GUDDU、MULTAN、MUZAFFAR GARH.
1)Normal mode of operation.: The two group bus running at the same time, all circuit
breakers and disconnecting switches are closed;
2 ) Power lines: Circuit breakers and string running mode. The power circuit,
considering the reliability of power supply, the maintenance of the line often circuit
breaker closes, will overhaul the line side isolation switch;
4 ) Bus running mode of maintenance. Disconnect bus circuit breaker and isolating
switch sides. This is equivalent to the single bus allows, low reliability, so should try
to shorten the running time of single busbar
1)Advantages
A、The high reliability of power supply. Each loop has two sets of circuit breaker power
supply, occurrence of bus fault or circuit breaker failure does not cause the line outage;
B、Flexible operation. Normal operation two group bus and all circuit breakers are put to
work, to form a multi loop power supply mode;
C 、 The operation is convenient, especially for the bus power operation, do not like
the double bus connection to the load when the inverted operation, so the operation is
relatively simple. But the maintenance circuit breaker or
maintenance or overhaul bus lines, as long as relates to the circuit breaker
maintenance, it is necessary to pay attention secondary circuit
(mainly reclosing protection and the failure to start busbar protection &start other line bus
protection& start remote protection trip ).
2)Disadvantages
The secondary wiring is complexity. Especially the CT configuration more. Fault in the
overlapping area, protection action complexity. Moreover, compared with the double
bus, operation experience is not rich enough.
So far, the biggest shortcoming cause the system connection fix, not splitting operation.
Because of the short circuit current exceed the standard, often need to bus are running.
For double bus connection is easy to realize, and 2/3 connection mode can not be
achieved. With the development of power grid scale more and more big, its malpractice
will be more obvious.
In power system operation, due to the sequential operation knife caused negatively Hara
closing accidents is one of the common malignant disoperation accident. They must be in
accordance with the provisions of the regulations and administrative unit, to ensure that
the switching operation is correct. Even the accident occurred in the effects of the
accident, also want to limit in the range.
Isolator function is the maintenance device which has enough safety distance was
visible, insulating gap is reliable; insure the safety of personnel and equipment, so it does
not have the capacity of load current and short circuit current. In the presence of pulling
load switch, arc forming conductive channel caused by the phase to phase short circuit,
directly endanger the operation life and cause damage to the equipment, a serious threat
to the safe operation of power grid. To avoid this type of accident, working regulation of
power safety in operation is in details as following, accept commands, fill in the operation
(PTW), operation simulation, operation monitoring and so on . In order to prevent
misoperation, high voltage electrical equipment fitted with anti lock device misoperation
(a few special cases approved by the competent department at a higher level, can be
provided with a mechanical lock). The unlocking tool locking device (including key)
should be kept properly, according to the provisions of the use, forbid illegal unlocking.
Mechanical lock is a key to open a lock, the key to the number and safekeeping, easy to
use. The implementation of these measures reduce the accident happens.
The nineteenth rules of power safe operation stipulated: power off operation sequence
must be in accordance with the circuit breaker (switch) - load isolating switch (Dao Zha) -
- busbar side isolation switch (switch) the sequence of operation, power on operation
should be performed with the reverse order. Based on such a principle, significance in
the 3 / 2 circuit breaker connection does not.
1 ) The bus side circuit breaker (such as circuit breaker 411 or 421 circuit breaker
switching operation order)
A、The line or the main transformer power outage process operation. Such as switching
off isolator with load, the accident occurred in the line or main transformer ,then tripping
CB on both sides , cut the fault point, ensure the other line, transformer and bus running;
such as the occurrence of load switching off the accident occurred in the side of a bus
trip, all circuit breakers on the bus, causing no voltage bus, threatening the safe
operation of the system. It should be in accordance with the circuit breaker (switch) - line
or transformer isolating switch (switch) - side bus isolation switch (switch) sequence of
operation. Transmission operation should be performed with the reverse order
B 、The line or the main transformer in service, busbar be power off. if pulling the load
switch accident occurred in the side of a busbar,trip all circuit breakers on the bus, cut the
fault point, to ensure line and main transformer normal operation; if pulling the load
switch accident occurred in the line or the main transformer, trip CB on both sides of the
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line or the main transformer, causing blackouts, endanger the safe operation of electric
network. It should be in accordance with the circuit breaker - busbar side isolator - - line
or transformer isolator sequence of operation. Transmission operation should be
performed with the reverse order.
C、The line or the main transformer in service, busbar side circuit breaker be repaired. If
pulling the load switch accident occurred in the line or the main transformer, trips the
circuit breaker on both sides of the circuit or the main transformer, causing power
outages, and affects the safe operation of the system. if pulling the load switch accident
occurred in the side of a busbar, trip all circuit breakers on the bus, cut the fault point,
does not affect the normal operation of line and transformer. It should be in accordance
with the circuit breaker (switch) - - busbar isolator - - line or transformer isolator sequence
of operation. Transmission operation should be performed with the reverse order.
D 、 The line or transformer power outage, the circuit breaker closing loop operates. If
closing load switch accident occurred in the short lead side, trip the circuit breaker both
sides, does not affect the safe operation of the system. If happening with closing load
switch occurred in the bus side, causing no voltage bus, this time turning into a single
bus bar operation mode, reducing the operational reliability. It should be in accordance
with the side of a busbar isolator, short lead side isolator - - CB sequence of operation.
The operation should be performed with the reverse order.
A、The line or the main transformer in service on one side of intermediate circuit breaker,
the line or the main transformer on the other sides of intermediate circuit breaker to
power off. Such as load switching off accident running in the line or main transformer
side, resulting in tripping CB on both sides of the line or the main transformer . Such as
load switching off the accident occurred in plan power outage area, Circuit breaker cut
fault on both sides of the line, does not affect the safe operation of power grid. It should
be in accordance with the circuit breaker , power cut side isolator - run side isolator the
sequence of operation, power outage operation should be performed with the reverse
order.
B 、 The line or main transformer in service on both sides of the intermediate circuit
breaker , intermediate circuit breaker to maintenance operation. The operation sequence
be considered circuit load switching off accidents on both sides of CB, which impact on
the grid level. In accordance with the circuit breaker, the isolator that has an small impact
on the grid, the isolator that has big impact on the grid sequence of operation.
Transmission operation should be performed with the reverse order
1、When shutdown, first open the intermediate circuit breaker, and then open the busbar
side circuit breaker, then disconnect the outage line side 11DS (21DS or 31DS) switch,
and then close the busbar side circuit breaker, finally close the intermediate circuit
breaker. when energizing, operating sequence in reverse order.
2、 Switching on or off reactor operation will be performed before getting a shift chief-
operator command.
1.3.4 Two systems will be in parallel by synchronization device, two systems require
following conditions.
3、Voltage angle is same or similar , the voltage angle difference is not more than 20
degree, the voltage value difference is not more than 10%.
1.3.5 Closing loop operation will require below items by synchronization device.
2、Two side voltage value allowances is not more than 10 % normally, not more than
20%
1.4.1 The 500kV operating voltage should be controlled according to the voltage curves.
Staff on duty should be monitored to ensure that the 500kV voltage, operating in an
acceptable range. Found that the voltage exceeds qualified range should report timely,
adjust value length.
1.4.2 The system needs to adjust the 500kV main transformer tap position before
receiving chief-operator command; according to the voltage curve , operator find voltage
abnormal conditions, then report to chief-operator about voltage and main transformer
tap position ,getting an order, then to go on operating , after be done , report to chief-
operator .
1.4.3 If the chief-operator get an order from dispatch about reactor, the chief-operator
inform operator operating reactor; normally according to the voltage curve , operator find
voltage abnormal conditions, then report to chief-operator about voltage and main
transformer tap position ,getting an order, then to go on operating , after be done , report
to chief-operator .
2. 500KVtransformer
2.1.3 Running voltage of transformer is not more than corresponding tap- changer rated
voltage 105%
2.1.4 The top oil and the coil oil of transformer must be monitored during 500KV
transformer working, the cooling function is the forced oil circulation cooling transformer.
the top oil should not exceed 85℃
2.1.5The transformer is in the normal load or the accident overload operation, operation
time shall not exceed the transformer manufacturers relevant provisions.
2.1.6 When the transformer has high severity defect(such as cooling system is not
normal, serious oil leakage, local overheating phenomenon, dissolved gas analysis
results abnormal) or insulation weakness, transformer should not have overload
operation.
1 ) The oil and the coil temperature of the transformer is normal, indicating the correct
thermometer.
2)Oil level in transformer oil conservator should be normal, accord with oil level and oil
temperature curve.
3 ) The oil level and oil of bushing should be normal, bushing no external damaged
crack, no serious pollution, no traces of discharge and other abnormalities
5 ) The positions of the transformer oil conservator, sleeve and flange, valve, oil pipe,
gas relay, no oil leakage
8)Pressure release device intact, no oil injection marks and action indication.
9)Respirator intact, oil cup oil, color normal, smooth breathing (bubble turning oil). Silica
gel on a single color, wet silica gel is less than 2/3 (standard in grid). For a variety of color
with silica gel, silica gel is not more than 3/4.
10) The control box and a terminal box shall seal well, no water or moisture, temperature
dehumidifier automatic long-term run.
2、cooling system
1)The cooler control box power switch, the switch should be in the correct position, the
signal is displayed correctly, without overheating.
2)Put some cooler group into running properly, and adapt to the load and temperature.
3 ) Fan and pump in normal operation, no abnormal sound, oil flow meter indicating
normal.
4)No oil leakage at the cooler body 、 a butterfly valve、 pipe joints and other parts
1)The control switch in the control box is in correct position, tap position display is the
same as indication of machinery, no abnormal signal.
2 ) The mechanism box sealing is good, the motor power supply switch should be
closed.
3)OLTC oil level is normal, adapt to oil level and oil temperature curve
4)No oil leakage at load switch tank 、 the flange、valve and pipe,
5)Online oil filtering device combination filter pressure gauge indicates the correct, no
oil leakage at flange、valve cover 、cover joint point, work mode switch position is correct.
4)Abrupt climate change (such as when the wind, fog, snow, hail, cold, etc.)
1)Porcelain should no discharge phenomenon after light went out, connection point has
no overheat
2 ) During high wind, there are no debris and lead swing on transformer body and
surrounding,.
3)After the thunderstorm ,check porcelain no traces of discharge, the action of arrester
Mutation temperature should sag condition check oil level and lead
4 、 Cooling device main and backup power supply change over test correctly, cooler
running well , oil flow indication correctly.
8、The valve between gas relay and oil conservator is in open position, gas relay filled
with oil, secondary wire no corrosion.
9、Silicone no damp in respirator, oil amount in oil cup is proper, oil color is normal.
11 、 The control box and a terminal box is sealed well, no moisture, temperature
dehumidifier automatic run.
13、The new or overhaul、oil filter and renewing the oil of transformer should be put into
cooler and remind maintainer release air inside oil before put into service .
2、Three phase tap position is same, tap display accordance with machinery indicator
3、Cooling system power supply is in service, cooler work function meet the requirement.
2.4.1.1 500kV transformer power on or off, it should begin to power on or off from 500KV
side.
2.4.1.2 Check and adjust the charging side bus voltage and transformer tap positions,
ensure that the charging voltage does not exceed the specified value before 500kV
transformer will charged.
2.4.1.5 During 500kV transformer normal operation, fire water spray device outlet valve
should be closed, to prevent disoperation; if fire, to open the valve and fight the fire; the
instruction should be placed on the site.
2.4.2.1During the transformer normal operation , cooling system two power supplies
come from IA/IIA PC section and be powered on, one is working ,the other is standby ,
check cooler work normal or not after two power supply changer over.
2.4.2.2 Forced oil cooling transformer operation not allowed to outage all cooler
2.4.2.3Before forced oil circulation transformer put into operation, first manually open all
the cooler operation for a period of time, exhaust the residual air ;after main transformer
shutdown, should let the cooler to run to main transformer coil temperature below 60 ℃,
then shut off the cooler.
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2.4.3.1 The two transformers is in parallel operation, the tap voltage should be almost
consistent, tap position of the same type of transformer must be consistent.
2.4.3.2 On-load tap changer device controlled by the dispatch and make a record.
2.4.3.3 The voltage regulating operation must be done step by step, watch the voltage
and the current normal, tap position and action indicator changing will comply with the
voltage regulating.
1 、 For the design of a combination OLTC operation, when the parallel operation of
transformers can be used on combination mode, should choose a "master", the other
"follower".
4 、 Transformer regulate the voltage on "alone" mode, two transformer operate in turn,
transformer tap position difference should not exceed 1.
2.4.3.5Slide, timeout or mechanism anomaly occur on OLTC operation, press the "stop"
button or pull the motor power supply, stop voltage operation, report shift-operator and
dispatch, check and deal with.
2.4.3.6 Load voltage regulating switch (OLTC) is equipped with online oil filtering device,
used to clean and dry the OLTC oil. The normal operation of the oil filter should be set to
"automatic" mode, namely it start automatically when you start running OLTC. In order to
prevent the transformer OLTC is not used for a long time, it caused impurity at the bottom
of the tank. so quarterly the oil filter should be tested in manual function.
4 、 Transformer overload, not suitable for voltage operation; overload 1.2 times, no
allowed voltage operation.
2.4.3.8 There are two kinds of operation mode on OLTC, one is remote mode(ECS) ,the
other is local mode(mechanism box).
2.4.4.1 During operation, heavy gas relay act. when the transformer differential protection
is disable ,not permit to change heavy gas protection configure.
2.4.4.2During operation, the follow working must authorized by the dispatch, which heavy
gas protection is put into alarm, after work completed, heavy gas protection is put into
trip.
3 、 The oil level indication rise on transformer body, if necessary, open ventage or
discharge oil valve, check respirator.
6 、 Before exchange respirator silicone or check respirator , make sure that respirator
work well, otherwise put heave gas protection into alarm.
2.4.4.3 The follow OLTC working will authorize by the dispatch during transformer
running period. After put heave gas protection into alarm, begin to work. when the
working is over, put heave gas protection into trip.
4、The oil level indication rise on OLTC body, if necessary, open ventage or discharge oil
valve, check respirator.
5 、 Before exchange respirator silicone or check respirator , make sure that respirator
work well, otherwise put heave gas protection into alarm.
2.5.1 Main transformer cooler power circuit has three-phase power monitoring function,
make sure that backup power change over automatically when any phase of main power
supply is lost , otherwise make a plan.
2.5.2 Do not allow magnetic objects close to the oil flow meter
2.5.4 Transformer maintenance and CB need loop closing operation; this time
transformer protection is disable, after maintenance, put transformer protection into
service.
2.5.5 Oil immersed natural cooling / air cooled transformer, cooler stop working, the load
and run time should be in accordance with the provisions of the manufacturing plant.
when the cooling system failure, the top oil temperature not higher than 65 ℃, allowing
operation with rated load
2.5.6 For forced oil circulated air-cooled transformer, when the cooling system fail ,
remove all cooler , allow to run 20 min with rated load .if the top temperature do not
reach 75 ℃ in 20 min, allow up to 75 ℃,but the time do not exceed 1 hour, if the top oil
reach 75℃,report to shift-operator and dispatch stop running .
2.5.7 When the transformer temperature reach the setting, auxiliary cooler do not start
automatically, immediately start by hand.
2.5.8Cooling system control switch trip, try to switch it on , if trip again ,not allowed to
change big switch or short circuit directly.
5 ) In the normal cooling, load, voltage condition, transformer top oil temperature, coil
temperature exceeds the limit and to continue to rise
2、One of the following transformer circumstances should strengthen the supervision and
inspection, determine the cause, and immediately report to the dispatcher and chief-
operator, take corresponding measures
2)In the load, cooling condition, under normal conditions, the transformer temperature
rising
4)Transformer oil leakage, oil conservator oil surface indicating decreased slowly.
3、After transformer heave gas relay and differential protection trip together, no allow to
power on by force without unidentified reason and treatment.
4、After transformer gas relay or differential protection trip, check no exterior obvious fault
and gas analysis is qualified, if necessary, try to power on.
5、After transformer backup protection trip, going on exterior check, only identify the fault
and do the effective isolation, try to power on.
6、Transformer trip because for internal fault, stop all cooler as soon as possible , avoid
that the free carbon produce metal particles entering normal area.
1、transformer overload
1 ) Make a record that load starting time 、 load value and prevailing circumstances
temperature
3 ) The overload situation report to dispatcher, take measures to decrease the load.
According to the provisions of the transformer load limit value, monitor and control load
amplitude and time of normal overload and accident overload.
4)For load transformer special inspection, check the cooling system and the connection
point has no overheat
5 ) Special person shall be assigned to closely monitor the load and temperature load
transformer, if the overload operation time has exceeded the allowed value, operator
should immediately report dispatcher to reduce transformer load to rated load.
2、Transformer overheat
2) Check whether the cooler fault or the cooling efficiency reducing, all cooler should put
into service.
3) Check whether the reason is overload or not, deal with it according to the transformer
provisions.
4) No reason rise, report to dispatcher and shift-operator ,then check and treatment.
c) Respirator blocked
3) The oil level is too high or too low, immediately report dispatcher and shift-operator, in
time deal with it to prevent heavy gas protection malfunction
4、Cooler fault
1)A single set of cooler is in trouble in the operation, should immediately start standby
cooler and deal with the fault of cooler, report shift-operator, contact the maintenance
treatment
2 ) All Cooler stop, should immediately report the shift-operator and dispatcher,
designate a person to monitor, record the load and temperature of the transformer, and
immediately try to restore the cooler operation as soon as possible. The transformer shall
be continuously monitor, operation time and the top oil temperature exceeds the specified
value, should be immediately report dispatcher to stop transformer.
Groups of cooler stop, found that general power switch tripping, try to power on. If you
fail, all cooler is out of service, and then close the general power switch, and then put the
cooler one by one, find the point of failure.
Report shift-operator and dispatcher, inform maintenance personnel to take the body oil
and gas analysis. When the relief valve is in pressure recovery, reset the button by hand.
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a) After respirator and cooler put into service, Oil filter 、refuel 、change oil, air entering
transformer body.
b) The oil level is lower because of oil temperature drop and oil leakage.
e) Negative pressure air entering the transformer body is caused by oil pump inlet pipe
joints leak
2) After light gas act, not allow to put heavy gas into alarm, immediately check gas relay
and take gas for chromatographic analysis, find out the reason and eliminate at once.
3) Light gas alarm or heavy gas trip because of gas occurring inside gas relay,
immediately take gas for analysis. Otherwise, gas colors disappear .
c、 Check whether gas protection and pressure release valve act or not ,check whether
gas relay is full of oil or not;
d 、Check whether the differential relay and secondary circuit is normal or not .
f 、The differential protection trip, immediately report shift-operator and dispatcher, then
find out the reasons , go on transformer body test without secondary circuit fault, after
the test result is normal , transformer is put into service again.
1) Check whether line backup protection within the protection scope is act or not;
2) Equipment porcelain part within the protection scope has no flashover and damage
If transformer differential、gas protection no action , check and deal with fault point, if grid
is requested, try to power on transformer again without going on transformer test.
9、 Transformer fire
If transformer fire, immediately open CB of transformer every side and cooler AC power
supply, start water spray, report chief-operator, take measures to put out a fire. If fire is on
the top of transformer, open the valve at the bottom of transformer; if fire happen inside
internal transformer, not allows discharging oil in order to avoid transformer serious
explosion.
Attach : Oil immersed forced oil circulate cooling transformer accident overload
permission running time (h: min)
0 10 20 30 40
3. High SF6 CB
3.1 Inspection of CB
3.1.1 Circuit breaker routine inspection items
1 、 Wire connection part has on overheating, moderate curvature, no broken wire and
regular infrared temperature measurement.
3、Circuit breaker actual switching position consistent with mechanical, electrical position
indication.
6、The select switch in the mechanism box and control cabinet should be in the "remote"
position, the power switch is in the on position
8、The seal is intact on control box, electrical components should be clean and intact, and
the box door closes tightly, no dampness.
1、CB trip.
3、Porcelain clean, no damage crack, circuit breaker and its operating mechanism, the
lead firm fixation, metal parts without corrosion or mechanical damage, shell grounding
wire welding firm.
5、The mechanism box sealing is good, the secondary terminal arranged in neat rows,
joint shall be fastened, no loosening. The secondary terminal block and the auxiliary
switch insulation clean and firm, the auxiliary switch should be in the corresponding
position.
8、Circuit breaker position and alarm signal should be the correct action.
11、Circuit breaker in local control cabinet wire fastening, no looseness, the temperature
in the cabinet control device work properly.
3.3.1 The circuit breaker is provided with remote control and local control function.
Normally use the "remote control" mode of operation, only if CB cannot be live, CB
should "in local control" operation. The local control circuit is latched with S104 and
isolator normally closed contact.
3.3.2 Check the circuit breaker control circuit and the operation mechanism, namely CB
is with operation conditions. Before CB is Switched on, check relay protection in service
in accordance with the provisions.
3.3.3 Monitor the voltage, current, power meter indication and circuit breaker state during
the CB running period.
3.3.4 After operate CB, check CB status indication 、the meter indication and three-phase
mechanical indicating correct.
3.3.5 Circuit breaker is powered on, as a result of relay action, immediately stop the
operation, report to shift-operator, strictly prohibited to power on again without checking.
3.3.6Circuit breaker trip, immediately go on external check, and make the circuit breaker
trip record. When CB fault trip times has reached allowance number, report to shift-
operator, required to stop the reclosing protection.
3.4.1CB control function switch to remote position in local LPCC cubicle, S104 switch to
maintenance position, after this, CB is controlled on control room.
3.4.2 If CB control function switch to local position, cut off protection and tripping or
closing circuit of automatic device, local position alarm signal and control loop break
signal is coming.
3.5.2 Circuit breaker SF6 low pressure alarm come, the circuit breaker can still run,
immediately report to shift-operator, arrange to supplement SF6 gas . When SF6 low
pressure blocking signal come, locking circuit breaker operation, immediately report to
shift-operator for circuit breaker outage treatment, treatment principles. See items at
3.5.4
3.5.3 When closing locking happen in CB, go to site and check, immediately report to
shift-operator. If the circuit breaker is in the off position, the circuit breaker switches to
maintenance position. If the circuit breaker is in the closing position, the circuit breaker is
isolated and send a person to deal with . Circuit breaker has closing locking because of
closing spring energy storage failing , so check storage motor and energy storage spring
travel switch , try to restore. As a result of motor damage or AC power lost , CB can not
be electric energy storage, if necessary, energy storage by hand.
3.5.4 When opening locking happen in CB, go to site and check, report to shift-operator.
If the circuit breaker is in the off position, the circuit breaker switches to maintenance
position. If the circuit breaker is in the closing position, open the isolator on both side of
CB, otherwise, cut all power supply related to CB, isolator operation should be in remote
control mode.
3.5.5Three phase inconsistent happen in 500KV CB, inconsistent protection act ,if the
action result is mistaken, try to restore three phase operation , if fail , immediately open
CB, report shift-operator.
3.5.6 when three phase inconsistent and closing &opening locking happen , immediately
report shift-operator to change operation mode, treatment principle refer to 3.5.3 and
3.5.4.
1、When CB closing operation , only two phase closed , immediately close CB again , still
two phase closed , open CB at once, report shift-operator , if CB closing operation , only
one phase is closed, immediately open CB, report shift-operator to stop operation.
2、When CB opening operation, only two phase opened , not allow to close , immediately
open CB again, if failed ,report shift-operator to arrange person to deal with it , if CB
opening operation , only one phase opened ,try to restore three phase operation , after
that ,report shift-operator.
6、Check whether the control circuit and closing coil is normal or not.
After check, above items is normal, try to close again, if fail, report shift-operator.
4、Check whether the control circuit and opening coil is normal or not.
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After check, above items is normal, try to close again, if fail, report shift-operator.
3.5.10 “CB energy storage fail signal or heater power supply fail signal come , go to site
and check the reasons to deal with it ,after that , try to power on again, if fail , report shift-
operator ,
3.5.12 When CB occur in explosion or gas serious leakage, approach CB from safety
side, if necessary, wear protecting poison mask and safety clothing .
Items GL317XD
Standard IEC
Fr Rated frequent HZ 50
Gap KV 900
Gap KV 1675
SF6 GAS
GL317XD
(-22F) (-13F)
20℃(68F),101.3KPa relative
pressure
0.65MPa 0.75MPa
Pre insulated relative pressure
(94.3p.s.i) (108.8p.s.i)
Pre insulated alarm relative
pressure 0.54MPa(Pme+0.03MPa) 0.64MPa(Pme+0.02MPa)
Pre insulated min relative (78.3p.s.i) (92.8p.s.i)
pressure
0.51MPa 0.61MPa
(74p.s.i) (88.5p.s.i)
4.1 Summarizing
4.1.1 Current transformer external insulation material is made of porcelain. The inner
insulating medium is oil, so adopt the kind of type CT.
4.1.4 in our substation , three CVT is used in line/ main transformer , single CVT is used
in BUSBAR.
1、wire connection part without overheating, lead radian moderate, regularly check on
pile head by infrared thermometer.
3、The terminal box door seal intact closed tight, no dampness inside the box.
a、After tripping
d、Existing defects.
4.3.3 Porcelain clean, no damage crack, wire fixation, metal parts without corrosion or
mechanical damage, shell grounding wire welding firm
4.3.5 Terminal box sealing is good, the secondary terminal arranged in neat rows, joint
shall be fastened, no loosening, no clear
4.3.6 Oil level is normal, no leakage, oil level gauge glass should be complete and clean
2 、 The secondary circuit operation sequence “close first , then open (link ) ”, disable
corresponding protection before operation.
a、Put into operation: first put the connection piece, after remove the short piece
b、Out of operation: first put a short piece, after removing the connecting piece
3、On circuit breaker opening position, the secondary circuit operation sequence “close
first , then open (link ) ”,
a、Put into operation: first put the connection piece, after remove the short piece
b、Out of operation: first put a short piece, after removing the connecting piece
2、he operation sequence “ when put into service ,first operate on high voltage side, then
operate on low voltage side ; When out of service, operate in reverse order.
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3、When one of double busbar stop running , secondary circuit should be open.
4.5.2。After new PT operation or PT secondary wire changed, taking load should be done
4.5.3 When people work at CT circuit on 3/2 CB connection protection configure, remind
staff to take safety measures for avoiding disoperation.
4.5.4 When the CVT is connected with the carrier equipment, second grade grounding
switch should be in open position, if required to work ,close grounding switch before the
dispatch permits. disable related high frequency protection before closing. If the CVT is
not connected with carrier equipment CVT, secondary grounding switch should be
closed.
4.6.7 The voltage transformer abnormalities may develop into failure, treatment principles
are as follows
4、Primary switch will open by remote operation , if not isolation by primary switch , CB
should be cut ,then isolate the voltage transformer.
Voltage transformer Secondary switch tripped , check and find no fault point ,allowed to
try one time, if the secondary switch again tripped , not allowed to do it, report shift-
operator, disable the relevant protection and deal with it .
5.1 Summarizing
5.1.1High voltage isolator (hereinafter referred to as the "switch") should not cut the load
current and fault current, but the practical operation allows for cutting small current loop.
1、When power system is not connected to ground, open or close the voltage transformer
.
3、Without approval, in test case, not pulling bus charging current with 500kV knife
6、Open or close the neutral switch of transformer without system grounding fault.
Note: 1, the above equipment is long-term disabled, not allow opening or closing switch
without the test.
3、Equalizing voltage ring shall be level and firm, the arm is without deformation, offset.
4、Lead wire should be no loose, the severe wobble, burn off phenomenon, wire clamp no
cracking phenomenon.
7、The operating mechanism box, terminal box shall be sealed well, no humidity.
8 、 The select switch in mechanism box should be in the "remote" position; the motor
power supply switch should be closed
9、Temperature dehumidifier device in mechanism box and terminal box should be in the
automatic position.
c、Isolator and its operating mechanism, the lead firm, pile head clamp is with drainage
hole.
e、mechanism box, terminal box sealing is good, the secondary terminal arranged in neat
rows, joint shall be fastened, no loosening, no clear.
1、 The isolator is operated well in the remote control and manual operation. Operation
mechanism should be flexible, smooth, no jamming and other abnormal situations. three-
phase synchronization requirement is up to standard.
2 、 The auxiliary contact switchover correctly, closing and opening position indicator is
consistent with the actual indicator.
3、Isolator with arcing contacts is operated from open to close, arc contacts should first
touch, then main contacts touch; from close to open, contacts touch sequence is on the
contrary.
4、When closing, dynamic and static contact touch closely , the contact surface should be
clean, smooth
When power cut, open the CB first, and then open not power side isolator, open power
side isolator at last; when power on, the operation sequence is on the contrary.
5.4.2 During isolator operation, check the circuit breaker is in the off position, not allow to
close or open the isolator with on load.
5.4.3 Before isolator is closed, check the grounding switch open, disconnect all the
ground wire, and prohibit closing the grounding switch with ground wire.
5.4.4 before closing grounding switch, check the corresponding switch open, and then
close it after confirming no power.
5.4.5 After switch is operated , check auxiliary contact switchover right , busbar protection
、line protection 、monitor system indicator is correct.
5.5.1The control power of isolator is in service for long-term; if the mechanism box 、the
operation box and the terminal box have bad sealing, water enter into box, the power
supply should be cut , if necessary , put the power supply temporarily.
5.5.2 For the horn shaped static contact switch, closing or opening operation in winter
must check the horn mouth without frozen or snow, only allowed the closing operation,
prevent support porcelain crooked or down, cause accidents.
5.5.3 When the switch with on load should be opened quickly, do not allow the midway to
close. When the switch with on load should quickly close, do not allow the midway to
open.
5.5.4Switch electric operation failure, it is strictly prohibited to unlock, you must identify
the cause, confirm the correct operation, and get shift-operator approval to unlock
operation.
3、Isolator in the operation process, not pull to open or close is not in place;
5.6.2 Switch electric operating failure, first check the device name number, check the
corresponding circuit breaker and switch state, to determine whether the switch operation
conditions are satisfied, it is strictly prohibited to operation without lock. In confirmation
of correct operation, check the operation power and motor power supply is normal, check
whether the motor thermal relay and power open phase protection relay action or not,
then try to recover, if the fault can not be eliminated or not abnormal, immediately
reported shift-operator , inform maintenance for processing. if necessary, apply for
unlocking operations, including manual operation.
5.6.3 During the operation, find the switch contact is bad, pile head cracking phenomena,
immediately measure by infrared temperature, and report shift-operator to reduce load or
outage, strengthen surveillance before outage.
5.6.4 If the electric operation process stop because of a power outage or failure and the
switch arc occur, in order to avoid contact continuous arc and switch auxiliary contacts
indeterminacy state affected the protection, the operator should try to immediately close
or open the switch by manual, after this, report shift-operator, check and deal with it.
6. 500KV reactor
6.1 Summarizing
6.1.1Reactor is the large capacity inductance coil and connected in the 500kV line , it is
the role of compensating high voltage transmission line capacitance and absorb the
reactive power, prevent voltage rise due to power grid light load.
6.1.2 Three single-phase reactor is compound of three reactor, connection mode is for
star, and the neutral point grounding is via small resistor.
1、The oil temperature and the temperature of the coil is normal, indicating the correct
thermometer.
. 2、The oil level of oil conservator in three high voltage reactor and neutral point reactor
is normal, accord with the oil level and oil temperature curve .
3 、 The oil level, oil color should be normal, external bushing no damaged crack, no
serious pollution, no traces of discharge and other abnormalities.
4、The three-phase high voltage reactor and neutral point reactor inner voice even, no
sound.
5、Oil conservator, sleeve and flange, valve, oil pipe, gas relay, no oil leakage
9、Respirator intact, oil cup oil and oil color is normal, breathing is smooth (bubble turning
oil). For single color Silica gel, wet silica gel is less than 2/3 . For a variety of color silica
gel, wet silica gel is not more than 3/4.
the control box and a terminal box shall seal intact, no water moisture, temperature
dehumidifier is on automatic mode for long-term time.
5、High temperature season, climate changes (such as wind, fog, snow, hail, cold, etc.)
6.3.2 The temperature rise is as follows under reactor 105% rated voltage.
In order to prevent reactor insulation and oil degradation rate, top oil temperature is often
more than 85℃.
6.3.4 The following works of reactor should first obtain shift-operator agreement; the
heavy gas protection is put into alarm, and then begins to work, after the end of the work,
heavy gas protection is switching to tripping.
c、he oil level gauge of oil surface is abnormal rise, in order to ascertain the reason ,it is
necessary to open the gas or oil discharge valve, check the respirator work
6.3.5 Reactor has three states ,such as operation 、cold standby 、maintenance .various
state defined in the follow table.
2、 High voltage reactor or the point reactor maintenance, and circuit breaker need to run
again, disable its protection tripping outlet, after maintenance, it recover.
a、The three-phase reactor body and a neutral point reactor sound abnormal, uneven,
crackles;
b、The three-phase reactor body and a neutral point reactor have serious oil leakage, oil
conservator on oil indication
e、In the normal cooling、voltage and temperature, coil temperature exceeds the limit and
continue to rise;
c、Respirator block
The oil level is too high or too low, immediately report to shift-operator, the timely
processing. During processing operation, prevent heavy gas protection malfunction
Report shift-operator, inform maintenance personnel to take the body oil and gas
analysis. When the relief valve pressure recover, reset action bar by hand.
Heavy gas protection tripping, the reactor show internal failure without the reasons of
protection device secondary circuit failure, take gas and judge the fault characteristics
according to the characteristics of gas color, odor, flammability.
a 、 After oil filter, refuel, oil change, replacing the respirator silicone work, air enter
reactor ;
e、Pipe joints leakage produce negative pressure, so air enters the reactor body.
6.5.7 After light gas action, not allow to put heave gas into alarm, report shift-operator ,
take gas analysis.
6.5.8 After light gas action or heavy gas tripping, find gas in relay and take the nature
gas, identify fault type, identification must be quick, otherwise the gas color will
disappear.
6.5.9 When the line protection and reactor protection simultaneous trip, check both line
and reactor , not allow to power on without the accident reasons ,if it is necessary to
power on , power on the line by force after quit reactor , at the same time must be
consistent with the provisions of reactor operation.
6.5.10 When heavy gas protection and differential protection trip together , not allow to
power on without the accident reasons .
6.5.11 Reactor heavy gas or differential protection trip, find the exterior no obvious fault,
and check the internal reactor normal by test, if necessary, you can try to power on.
6.5.12 Reactor fire, immediately open the circuit breaker, report to Pakistan fire
department and take other measures for putting out a fire . if fire is in the top of reactor ,
you should open the oil valve for oil drainage at the lower part ; if fire is in internal reactor
,not allow for oil drainage, prevent reactor a serious explosion.
6.5.13Found reactor interior serious explosion, fuel injection, smoke, fire, at the same
time report dispatcher to cut off the power supply, if necessary, inform the Palestinian fire
department. quickly organize personnel to put out fire by dry extinguisher fire. if
combustion is on the top cover of reactor, reduce the oil surface to appropriate position,
avoid the spread of fire. If the fire is inside the reactor, not allow for oil drainage, prevent
reactor a serious explosion.
7. Power trapper
d、Trapper pillar porcelain insulator and insulator porcelain without damage and fracture
8. busbar 、framework
8.1 Summarizing
a、Busbar is the important equipment in substation, usually to strengthen the inspection,
to ensure the safe operation. Thermal wax slices fall off and try to reinstall it in time, and
regularly measure by infrared temperature.
b 、 The busbar and the phase sequence connection wire arrangement should be
consistent,twisting quality busbar should be marked
d、Switch room doors and windows should be closed tight and seamless; exhaust hole
must be equipped with protective net. The hole of cable pass into the control room, guard
room, switch room and outdoor terminal box must be tight sealing, the cable cover intact,
in order to prevent the accident of small animal. The lime, brick or cement of the wall
should fall off and no crack. A house is without infiltration leakage phenomenon.
e、The necessary fire fighting equipment in substation should regularly inspect and test,
not allowed to remove the fire fighting equipment for other purposes.
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8.2 Inspection
8.2.1 The busbar and the connecting wire general inspection items:
a、Lead without broken strands, burn marks, no foreign body hanging down;
f、high 、semi-high bus frame type, the upper switch cable fixed reliable, prevent wind
blown
g 、 Check the equipment lead, cross line frame, for other equipment and itself, have
enough safe distance, to prevent the wind leaning fault.
a、when the annual steam temperature is high or low, check busbar sag meets the
requirements;
b、When it snows, check the connector and wire conductive parts no ice or overheat
c 、 On gale weather, check the wire should be no severe vibration, swing and other
phenomena, the wire should be no suspension;
d、On fog day, check the outdoor bus porcelain without discharge
f、High temperature or at the peak load, check bus and joints without overheating.
8.2.3 Regularly check the frame without tilting subsidence, no serious cracks and
weathering.
8.2.4 Steel frame parts coating are in good condition, the drainage hole is smooth, non
blocking, water and corrosion phenomenon.
9.1 Summarizing
9.1.1 In order to prevent lightning strike damage on substation electrical equipment and
building, the substation is equipped with a sufficient number of lightning rod. Independent
lightning rod and lightning arrester should be firmly grounded, should have a separate
grounding device, which connection to the total grounding grid can be disassembled, so
as to separately measure grounding resistance.
9.1.2 Lightning arrester counter should install every phase, not short circuit.
9.1.3 In order to ensure personal and equipment safety, all electrical equipment shell
must be grounded, and the total grounding connection, good grounding and marked
9.1.5 Check all kinds of lightning protection device grounding lead once a year before the
thunderstorm season.
9.2 Inspection
9.2.1 Lightning protection and earth device normal inspection
1、the lead wire clamp crimp firmly, good contact, no overheating phenomenon;
3、lightning arrester discharge recorder indicating correct and clear, look good,
4、the leakage current of the arrester and data indicating is correct ,date difference is no
more than 10%;
9、the lightning rod vertical, firmly, body intact, no serious corrosion, basic no subsidence
and tilt;
9.3.2 Field is clean, the lightning arrester without temporary short circuit wiring and other
legacy.
9.3.3 porcelain clean, no damage crack, wire fixation, metal pieces, no rust, shell
grounding wire welding firm.
9.3.5 Arrester insulation base porcelain parts without damage, guide hole (or joint) and
ensure the smooth drainage.
9.4.2 in the thunderstorm weather ,patrol persons on the outdoor high-voltage equipment
should wear insulated boots, and shall not be close to the lightning arrester and the
lightning rod.
9.4.3 Zinc Oxide arrester leakage current anomaly increases, more than 10%, should
strengthen the supervision; more than 20%, should be immediately reported shift-
operation.
9.4.5 Lightning arrester has one of the following faults, immediately stop and report shift-
operator.
1 、 normal mode of operation: working transformer provide for 400V PC I bus, security
transformer provide for the 400VPC section II bus; PC II another power supply is from the
diesel generator, there is an interconnection switch between PCI/II section , the normal
operation is standby for each other between PCI/II section .
2 、 Working transformer maintenance or high side power loss, and the system without
fault, start to close I/II buscouple CB automatically to supply I section and II section by
security transformer.
3 、 Security transformer maintenance or high side power loss, and the system without
fault, start to close I/II buscouple CB automatically to supply I section and II section by
working transformer. When the work transformer do not take I/II section load , start
diesel generator to take PC section ,then open buscouple CB..
10.1.3 Automatic switching circuit: when security transformer power loss, and no short
circuit, automatically start I/II section buscoup CB, if fail, start diesel generator unit to
connect with the security section .
1、The circuit breaker energy storage power: In local control cabinet, Q23 (R), Q33 (Y),
Q33 (B), the energy storage power supply is from the LCC cabinet F401DC, the control
power supply is from the LCC cabinet of F11DC and F210DC. LCC DC power is from the
grid control 220VDC panel.
2、 The switch operating power: switch operating power supply in local control cabinet of
QF1 (DC motor power supply), QF2 (switch control power supply of the power supply
cabinet) is from LCC F310DC, the control power supply is from the LCC cabinet of
F11DC and F210DC. LCC DC power is from the grid control 220VDC panel.
3 、 station AC power supply: AIS I/AIS II power supply respectively is from the 400V
section I, Section II, AIS main power supply is used for local control cabinet temperature
control and station temperature control lighting
Station AC,DC power control and fault record power separately is from the 220VDC
panel and AIS power supply cabinet
a 、 The first, secondary, third protection panel and busbar protection panel
F110(protection power supply 1)F120(protection power supply 2) F100(lighting and
heating electric power) F102(cabinet socket)
d、Dry-type transformer and the cabinet door are closed, not allow to open side door and
back door , unless the rear has obvious abnormal sound, inspections are required to take
effective safety measures to open
f 、 On network control , room doors, windows, lighting should be intact, housing is not
Water Leakage, normal temperature.
a、Station system operation mode and each branch running indicating status should be
normal. b、loop power is open-loop correctly, a warning sign.
c 、The instrument indication is current, each branch switch position is correct, consistent
with operational requirements.
10.3 Operation
10.3.1 dry-transformer operation
b、The running voltage shall not exceed 105% of the corresponding tap rated voltage.
c、Dry-type transformer can be run in the normal overload and fault overload conditions.
a、In normal conditions, operate high voltage side CB in ECS mode, then operate low
voltage side CB by hand.
b、Try transformer power cut sequence is from high to low, power no sequence is on the
contrary.
c 、 After dry transformer maintenance, check everything normal ,then charging dry
transformer through high voltage CB.
10.4.2 Working dry-type transformer shutdown, check the no voltage indication, make
sure that the secondary working switch open, then close the spare transformer
secondary switch.
10.4.3 Before section switches close, make sure busbar inlet switch is in open position.
10.4.4 Power switchover or power failure recover, check the charger and inverter device
is normal.
10.4.5 Voltage should be maintained at (1 ± 5%) Un, when the voltage is too high or too
low, promptly report shift-operator.
10.4.6 The new operation dry-type transformer or voltage loop was removed after wiring
work, carry on phase check
10.4.8 Automatic switching function can not distinguish about 400V busbar fault,
disenable automatic function.
a、When electricity is lost, check the cause as soon as possible, isolate the fault point,
restore the power supply as soon as possible, give full consideration to have influence
on important load .
b、Station power fault trip, not find obvious fault point, make measures to check step by
step, find the fault branch, isolation repair as soon as possible.
b、In the normal load and cooling conditions, temperature is not normal and rising;
10.5.3 Station transformer high voltage side fuse is broken, first transfer the load, replace
the fuse after no obvious abnormality; fuse is broken again, immediately power outage,
find out the reason and eliminate the fault, then put into operation.
10.5.4 Station transformer secondary switch will trip, identify the reasons. If automatic
switching function succeeds, check the operation signal, the switch position and the
related equipment and make records, report to shift-operator. If auto switch fail , check
the loss 400V busbar without obvious fault, try to power on again, if fails again, find out
the fault branch , then isolate the branch, restore the other branch transmission.
10.5.5 Air switch is tripping or fuse is broken, check the fault circuit, not find obvious fault
point , try to power, if fail , not allow to power on, before finding out the reason and
eliminating the fault, not allow to transfer to another busbar , avoid accident expansion.
10.5.6 When station power system voltage is too high or too low, promptly report shift-
operator to check 6.6KV voltage, if 6.6KVvoltage is high, inform operator for regulating
tap-changer to a proper position; if voltage regulation reach to the limit position, the
6.6KV voltage is still too high or too low, promptly reported shift-operator to regulate
main transformer tap-changer.
11.1.2 220V section I,II DC busbar connected with the main load : protection device 、
automatic device 、 circuit breaker energy storage control power supply 、isolator control
power supply 、central signal circuit power supply 、relay protection test power etc.
11.1.3 Battery normal operation mode is in floating charging mode, charging current =
load current + float current .
1) The battery connection sheet is without loose and corroded, shell is without leakage
and deformation, no acid mist leakage is around the pole and the safety valve.
3) Battery monitoring device is without warning signal, if the alarm message display
battery number, measure the monomer battery terminal voltage
11.2.2 The floating charging operation should go to equalizing charging operation every
six months; microcomputer equipment can be set to automatically according to the cycle
setting.
11.2.4 The new installation valve control battery should be carried out to discharge, after
every 2 to 3 years, go on a checkup charging and discharging test. After six years , do
the charging and discharging test once a year .
11.2.5 On operating fuse, remove the positive power supply fuse ,then take the negative
power fuse. When power on, then put the negative power fuse and then put a positive
power fuse.
11.3.2 DC system grounding, operator should record the time, the grounding pole,
grounding branch number and insulation resistance value, report shift-operator.
11.3.3 After DC grounding, immediately stop relevant work, check whether the station
work cause the DC grounding or not.
11.3.4 After the DC grounding, the relay protection engineers use special instruments to
find. In case of emergency, report shift-operator and dispatcher, methods can be used to
pull each branch for test, pull the first branch, the ground can not disappear and then pull
another branch. in accordance with first common and then important principle, the details
are as follows:
a、Working circuit
c 、 Non protection and control circuit in DC busbar , such as inverter, battery, charger,
power supply, central signal power and so on.
2、Influence on the normal operation circuit, when pull the branch, report the dispatcher,
the DC power loss time should be as short as possible
b、Fault recorder.
c 、 Circuit breakers control circuit, double trip coil circuit breaker should be tried to pull
each branch step by step.
d、DC power of double protection configuration or element protection should be test, pull
two groups DC step by step, for line main protection, first ask shift-operator whether the
main protection operation quit or not.
e、DC power of only a set of protection configuration circuit or element protection, for line
main protection, first ask shift-operator whether the main protection operation quit or not.
f、The busbar differential circuit and other important circuit, be care for safety.
a、Pull branch method is used to locate DC grounding position, at least two people work.
c 、 On DC system grounding, not allow to work in DC system, except for the relay
protection engineers, the other person should immediately stop working.
First switch on AC line switch 1ZK, check AC three-phase voltage is normal, close the AC
input switch 1Q1 to start the charger, the charger output stable DC, and then close the
DC output switch 1Q2, then 1GS (AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER) switch (A) (the dual
power switch) close by judging the condition, then close the battery switch GH9, then
complete the boot process and charger to charge the battery pack. Then close the GH5
and 1DQ (the switch is completed by AUTOMATIC INTERLOCKING), then the charger
and battery is through the voltage regulator (1TY, GH5), supply stability DC power by
1DQ.
First switch on AC line switch 2ZK, check AC three-phase voltage is normal, close the AC
input switch 2Q1 to start the charger, the charger output stable DC, and then close the
DC output switch 2Q2, then 2GS (AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER) switch (A) (the dual
power switch) close by judging the condition, then close the battery switch GH9, then
complete the boot process and charger to charge the battery pack. Then close the GH6
and 2DQ (the switch is completed by AUTOMATIC INTERLOCKING), then the charger
and battery is through the voltage regulator (2TY, GH6), supply stability DC power by
2DQ.
First close AC line switch 3ZK , check three AC voltage is normal , close AC input switch
3Q1, start charger, monitor stable DC output by charger control model . Then close DC
output switch 3Q2. This moment no.3 charger starts completely.
4、When 1# charger failure occurs, the 1GS switch (A) automatically open, then switch to
(B) by 3# charger with 1 batteries and 1 bus. The whole process : 3ZK → 3Q1 → 3Q2 →
1GS (B) → GH1 → 1TY → GH5 → 1DQ.
5、When 2# charger failure occurs, the 2GS switch (A) automatically open, then switch to
(B) by 3# charger with 2 batteries and 2 bus. The whole process : 3ZK → 3Q1 → 3Q2 →
2GS (B) → GH2 → 2TY → GH6 → 2DQ.
6、When 1#、3# charger failure occurs, 1GS switch(A 、B) is open , 2# charger take 2
battery and 2 section busbar, at the same time charge 1 battery and take 1busbar , the
whole process:
2ZK→2Q1→2Q2→2GS(A)→2TY→GH6→2DQ
GH4→GH3→1TY→GH5→1DQ
7、When 2#、3# charger failure occurs, 2GS switch(A 、B) is open , 1# charger take 1
battery and 1 section busbar, at the same time charge 2 battery and take 2 busbar , the
whole process:
1ZK→1Q1→1Q2→1GS(A)→1TY→GH56→1DQ
GH3→GH4→2TY→GH6→2DQ
1Q1→1Q2→1GS(A)→GH3→→3TY→GH7→1DQ。
2Q1→2Q2→2GS(A)→GH4→3TY→GH8→2DQ。
10 、 When 1TY and 3TY fault in correspond regulation panel, 2TY in 2# DC regulation
panel take 1 busbar and 2 busbar, the whole process:
2Q1→2Q2→2GS(A)→2TY→GH6→2DQ→3DQ。
11、 When 1TY and 3TY fault in correspond regulation panel, 1TY in 1# DC regulation
panel take 1 busbar and 2 busbar, the whole process:
1Q1→1Q2→1GS(A)→1TY→GH5→1DQ→3DQ。
a、Try to limit accident development; eliminate cause of accident and relieve personal and
equipment safety threat;
b 、 Maintain the equipment running as possible as can, ensure the power supply is
normal; c、Quickly restore normal power supply;
12.1.2 In dealing with the accident, the operator on duty shall comply with the dispatcher
command (according to general equipment scope, if necessary, report the advanced
shift-operator), rapidly implement the order. With relate to a significant impact on system
operation, must obtain Pakistan dispatcher order. In accordance with the following items,
deal with it first, and then report Pakistan dispatcher in details:
c、The operating equipment have been damaged, according to the relevant provisions of
the regulations, the equipment be deactivated or isolated;
d、When the bus voltage disappears, switch off the busbar each branch CB (except the
specified circuit breaker );
e、When the part or all of electricity is blackout, restore the power supply.
12.1.3 When Handling the accident, strictly implement “issuing an order, repetition,
recording and reporting system”, you must use the unified terminology and operational
terms, report content should be concise .
12.1.4 The system accident occur, the operator on duty immediately report the relevant
duty of dispatcher , after clarifying the cases, report detail content as soon as possible .
Report content should include time, trip circuit breaker, relay protection and automatic
device (especially the protection action element), the fault phase, frequency, voltage,
distance and the trend of the current.
12.1.5.1After the accident, immediately report the relevant dispatcher about the time of
accident, the main protection action and abnormal signal, the trend of current, frequency,
voltage and so on.
a、Reset sound signal, recording the time, check the meter indication;
b、Check the emitting signal and make record, reset the signal;
c、Check the relay protection and automatic device action signal and make record, reset
the signal;
d、Check and print action report of relay protection and automatic device,
12.1.5.4 According to the dispatching command, isolate the fault point, recover
equipment power.
12.1.5.5 Report the relevant leader about treatment result, arrange maintainer to repair.
12.2.2 Before powering on fault line (including circuit breakers, switches, flow, pressure,
coupling capacitors, trapper, and lightning arrester equipment), check external circuit
carefully, and find no obvious fault, then power on line again.
12.2.3 Power on transmission line by force shall meet the following conditions:
a、Circuit breaker circuit and operating mechanism is intact and normal, SF6 pressure is
normal;
12.2.4When the 500KV line protection and reactor protection simultaneous trip, check
both line and reactor , not allow to power on without the accident reasons ,if it is
necessary to power on , power on the line by force after quit reactor , at the same time it
must be consistent with the provisions of reactor operation.
12.3.1.1 The busbar fault refers that the busbar fault occur, busbar differential protection
act, trip all the circuit breaker on the busbar, current meter and power meter is zero, the
bus voltage meter disappears, and check the relevant protection action signal.
12.3.1.2 When the busbar fault occur , the operator on duty should be immediately
reported to the relevant shift-operator. And open all circuit breaker fault on the busbar ,
report shift-operator again.
12.3.1.3 When the busbar loss power because of busbar fault, operator on duty goes on
external inspection, report shift-operator, operator on duty shall be treated according to
the following principles:
a、find the fault point and be quickly isolated, recover power before isolating fault.
b、find the fault point through the examination, the fault bus was powered on by external
power supply.
c、f trying to power on by internal power supply, the circuit breaker must be intact, and
relay protection is good, busbar or main transformer backup protection is with sufficient
sensitivity, if necessary, shorten the backup protection time of main transformer, so as to
ensure the sensitivity and rapidity.
1、The busbar power loss refers that the busbar voltage disappear because of fault on
system. Protection is incorrect tripping to make circuit breakers no action , then override
trip occur. Discriminating bus loss of power is based on the following phenomena at the
same time:
C, after substation bus electricity lost, operator open all the CB on the busbar, except for
the circuit breaker prescribed, and report shift-operator. if trying to power on busbar , use
external power supply as far as possible.
d 、 after substation bus electricity lost , operator on duty analyze electricity reasons,
according to circuit breaker failure protection、outlet line and main transformer protection
action message ,report the shift-operator about action analysis.
b、the bus charging, electromagnetic voltage transformer and bus capacitance to ground
is caused by resonance over voltage;
c 、 Shunt capacitor of the hot standby circuit breaker and the uncharged bus
electromagnetic voltage transformer in the uncharged bus cause resonance overvoltage.
a 、 not allow to close circuit breaker with the equalizing capacitance and reasonable
power.
b、Charging no-load transformer or a passive line in the empty bus, also open power side
isolator. The operation can be controlled in remote mode, not allow to control in local
mode, prevent the resonant for explosion to harm people.
c、Resonance overvoltage continues for a few minutes, even if the test is up to standard,
PT should also be out of operation. Equalizing capacitor and arrester that is the parallel
in PT should strengthen inspection and surveillance.
a、Have the right, practical principle diagram and secondary wiring diagrams.
b、Have approved protection setting sheet, and check the setting sheet is consistent with
the device setting.
c、Label of field device name, plate, select switch and the terminal box, control cabinet,
fuse and button is exact and complete.
13.1.2 After relay protection working, the operator check and accept work, if qualified,
transact the job termination procedures, approval shall be conducted in accordance with
the following requirements
a、When accepting the work, listen to the person in charge of the work introducing about
the work. There is no setting change, wiring changes, and operator attentive items, if
necessary, check the control drawing, and then approve according to the actual situation
of work.
b 、 When accepting the work, the following test items is done, “ simulate fault test,
transmit test, and check the device signal, circuit breaker action correctness , automation
device information correctness”, if it is in doubt, inquire the person in charge of the work
explaining about the work .
c、Secondary wiring changes, ask the person to modify the drawings, mark name and
modification date, check the actual wiring correct together with the person in charge of
work.
e 、 If the device has defects, report the professional person in charge and supervisor
department, allow running after agreement.
f、After the approval, check the protection panel clean without debris, disconnected wiring
shall be restored.
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g、The person should make a record, the content should be consistent with the actual job.
Pay attention to the notice matters of the device, it should be detailed in the work record.
13.1.3 In addition to relay protection system operating mode, allows the exit and
automatic device, the normal operation of the electrical equipment shall be no protection
operation. Relay protection and automatic device must be operated by Pakistan
scheduling instruction execution (switching operation process in order to prevent short
time except the misoperation of protection disabled).
13.1.4 In order to achieve safety isolation, reduce the requirements of site operations,
shift-operator give an order about protection out of service except for the remote low trip
channel; only put protection into alarm status. On operation device running, operator will
turn over protection alarm status to maintainer, after the job is complete, maintainer will
transfer the original status to the operator.
13.1.5 he circuit breaker is in the running state, not need to measure before
microcomputer protection output plate is in service, but check the device without action
and abnormal signal.
13.1.6 Modified protection setting should be based on the dispatcher command, operator
go on switching operation in the setting area of device. Setting switching operation in
microcomputer protection does not need to stop protection mode, but relate to the setting
revision, the protection engineer should stop protection mode, then revise the setting.
13.1.7 An equipment shutdown, the dispatcher generally does not give an order about
disabling the protection device. Based on a state of equipment and operation
requirements, the operator makes the corresponding adjustment to the secondary circuit.
The principle is that primary equipment shutdown and the corresponding secondary
protection out of service, not allow to stop less or more secondary protection .
13.1.8 Maintenance 、 test and checkout have influence on running equipment ,the
operator should fill with safety measures ticket and take safety measures, but only limit to
the protection plate, switch and other operations. Relating to terminal block wiring circuit
is completed by the relay protection engineers.
13.1.9 In the busbar differential circuit ,when circuit breaker of 3/2 connection busbar side
need to be repaired ,try to close circuit breaker for a test , prevent the busbar differential
misoperation after primary loop closing , should short the relevant CT circuit of the circuit
breaker, recovery before putting into operation. When the CT circuit is without link, the
work was done by the protection engineers; CT circuit has a link, the works is completed
by the operator, and fill in the safety measure ticket.
13.1.10 A fuse in the control and protection circuit shall be placed according to capacity;
the fuse should have corresponding specifications.
13.1.11 When the protective device and the communication are on multiplex channel,
channel maintenance and debugging equipment shall be responsible for the
communications personnel. When the communication workers affect the normal work of
relay protection device work in the communications equipment or multiplexing channel ,
communication personnel should inform the operator, operator report Pakistan shift-
operator ,after Pakistan shift-operator agreement, give an order to operator to stop relay
protection device running , make sure that everything is safety .then the operator informs
the communication person to start work.
13.1.12 In order to prevent the maloperation of protection, not allow to use wireless
communication device .
13.1.13On the cleaning work of the protective panel, you should use the appropriate tools
to clean, the action should be careful so as to avoid misoperation.
c、the device status is normal, the indicating lamp and the switch position is correct, the
microcomputer protection clock should be accurate;
i、the cabinet door seal well and no rust, inside cabinet is clean and well grounded.
13.3.1.1 High frequency protection on both lines side has always maintained a consistent
state.
13.3.1.2 If the line is still operation, quitting line high frequency protection shall be
approved by the Palestinian the dispatcher.
13.3.1.3 When the 500kV line outage and one of the circuit breakers on both side will
resume operation state, stop the remote tripping mode , high frequency direction
protection is changed into non channel trip, differential protection is put into signal, the
short line protection is enabled.
13.3.1.4 About backup protection for 500kV transmission line ( backup distance, direction
zero sequence)
a 、 if the backup protection (including backup distance and direction zero sequence)
contained in the line main protection (differential current, high frequency distance or
direction high frequency), the dispatcher do not issue an order ,such as the line main
protection is put into signal, the corresponding backup distant and the zero sequence is
for signal state.
b 、 if the backup protection (including backup distance and direction zero sequence)is
independent of line main protection, under normal circumstances, the dispatcher do not
issue an order ,such as the line main protection is put into signal, the corresponding
backup distant and the zero sequence is for signal state. Only when the backup distance
(or the direction zero sequence) device is fault, need to stop treatment, Pakistan
dispatcher confirm backup distance (or the direction zero sequence) device fault, then
issue an order about putting backup distance (or direction zero direction) to signal state.
1, Circuit breaker on 500kV bus side is with reclosing priority logic circuit, if the circuit
breaker on the busbar side shutdown, operator should relieve circuit breaker reclosing
priority logic. Conversely, when the circuit breakers on bus side is in service, restore the
reclosing priority logic.
a) Line and transformer bay or incomplete bay: two circuit breaker reclosing mode on line
side is put into signal state;
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b) Line and line bay: two circuit breaker reclosing mode on busbar side is put into signal
state;
1)Two circuit breaker reclosing mode on line side is put into signal state;
2 ) When single phase grounding fault happen in a line, the middle CB can not be
reclosing, immediately report the dispatcher to close the middle CB by hand.
13.3.3 The whole protection is disabled, disconnect outlet link the in control circuit. If
protection part function exit, quit part function input link or mode switch, not allow to quit
output link.
13.3.5 500KV CB changed into manual function, not allow stopping protection DC power
supply, preventing CB protection refusing action.
13.3.6 When circuit breaker is changed into cold standby, or maintenance mode, not
allow to stop interlock tripping output link. In order to prevent mechanical wounding,
switch on the circuit breaker control power supply, the responsible person apply for
operator, operator is in charge of operation. According to the actual working condition,
interlock tripping operation fill on safety measures ticket
d、the other can cause significant misoperation or refusing action dangerous situation.
13.4.2 Microcomputer protection device appear fault, immediately report the relevant
shift-operator and dispatcher, disable concerning protection, restart device. Observe the
device is normal in a period of time, restart the device again .if not normal, and report the
dispatcher and shift-operator to deal with it.
14.1 Summarizing
14.1.1 Generator –transformer protection have two panel , the first panel is connected to
No1 DC power supply, the secondary panel is connected to No2 DC power supply
4、Overload protection;
14.1.4The voltage loop and current loop, and action situation of 500kV main transformer
protection (field trip condition is decided by the setting sheet)
14.1.5 Non electric quantity protection of main transformer does not start failure, the rest
of the electrical protection trip were to start failure protection.
14.1.6 The following non electric quantity protection has the drop signal.
2、Body pressure release: Tripping or signal. According to the actual setting to set;
5、Oil temperature high: Stage 1 is used for signal, stage 2 is used for tripping, stage1
output block stage 2 output.
1) The main DC power switch (with the exception of body protection) normally is in
closing position.
3) DC power supply switch of 500kV distance protection have two positions, normal
operation should be in the "on" position.
5) The total reset button "RESET" is used to reset double position relay .
14.3.2 The tripping protection (including the whole differential, high impedance
differential, backup distance, over excitation protection, , low voltage side over current
,the neutral point zero sequence) has three running status:
1、trip: AC, DC circuit of protection device is normal ; trip output circuit is normal.
2、signal: AC, DC circuit of protection device is normal; trip output circuit is open.
3、stop: AC, DC circuit of protection device is disabled; trip output circuit is open.
14.3.3 only signal protection (including the main transformer 500kV side overload, the
neutral point excursion protection), the dispatcher do not issue an order, use the
operating license mode.
14.3.4 Not Pakistan issuing setting (such as the main non electric quantity protection),
the dispatcher do not issue an order, use the operating license mode.
14.3.5 Check protection device is no action and abnormal signal before protection device
start. Abnormal protection or working on protection must be disabled, consider the
transformer stop running. if the transformer can not stop, it must get the consent.
14.3.6 500kV distance protection as a back-up protection 500kV, when the corresponding
busbar protection is disabled, adjusts the distance protection action time.
1、The split phase current differential protection: the split phase differential protection use
secondary current sum of high voltage bushing and the low voltage bushing as a
differential current, protect against reactor internal faults.
2、Zero sequence differential protection: zero sequence differential protection also uses
secondary zero current sum of high voltage bushing and the low voltage bushing as a
differential current, protect against reactor internal single grounding faults.
3 、 Device is also equipped with back-up protection: including the negative sequence
directional protection, over current protection, overload protection.
1) The negative sequence directional protection use line secondary voltage and
secondary current of high bushing and low bushing to determine whether the fault is
inside reactor. After the protection action, delay tripping.
2) Over current protection use secondary current of high bushing to determine whether
the fault happen in reactor, after the protection action, delay tripping.
3) Over load protection, using secondary current of high voltage to judge whether reactor
is overload. (Overload caused by overvoltage) after protection action, delay signal.
4 、 non electric protection, including light, heavy gas protection and pressure relief
protection etc..
There is DC power supply in reactor protective panel , F110 is protection device power
1, F120 is protection device power2, both DC power supply are normally put into service
,there is automatic switching power supply device inside the device , No1 power outage
automatically switches to No 2 power.
15.3.2 The tripping protection device(include high reactor differential, zero differential ,
pressure relief protection and so no) have two running status .
1, trip: AC, DC circuit of protection device is normal; trip output circuit is normal.
2, signal: AC, DC circuit of protection device is normal; trip output circuit is open.
15.3.3 only Signal protection(including reactor grounding detection, over load and so on),
the dispatcher do not issue an order, use the operation license mode.
15.3.4 Not Pakistan issuing setting (such as reactor body protection), the dispatcher do
not issue an order, use the operating license mode
15.3.5 Check protection device is no action and abnormal signal before protection device
start.
1 、 Reactor is out of operation. Whether the primary system has work or not, reactor
protection must be out of service.
2 、Reactor is out of operation, but line is in service, before any job in protection panel
must be done, take off inserted PK so as to disconnect the reactor protection with the
outer circuit connection.
3、After the inserted PK in Reactor protection panel is pulled out, disconnect the control
loop.
15.5.2 If “device abnormal signal”is coming , check the relevant information, to judge. If
the device is not restored, report to the dispatcher and shift-operator, quit the protection
and deal with.
16.1 Summarizing
16.1.1 Short lead protection is a current protection, when the line / transformer shutdown
and circuit breakers is on loop closing operation , used to protect from the outlet line
switch to the lead between the CT of two circuit breaker. The short lead protection is
blocked through the outlet switch auxiliary contact, if the outlet switch is closed, the short
lead protection exit, if the outlet line switch is open, short lead protection is automatic
input.
16.1.2 There are two sets of short lead protection in 500KV transformer inlet line panel,
the protection type is F650 that made in GE, and outlet short lead protection is inside line
differential protection and distance protection device
16.1.3 two sets of short line protection and two sets of line protection share a set of CT
secondary sum current. Two sets of main transformer short lead protection and
transformer differential protection all share a set of CT secondary sum current.
4、Red action lamp (Trip) is bright when protection act, need to manually reset.
6、In the small keyboard, there is“→”、“←”、“↑”、“↓” four direction key and the "E" confirm
button .
1、Trip: AC, DC circuit of protection device is normal ; trip output circuit is normal.
2、Signal: AC, DC circuit of protection device is normal; trip output circuit is open.
3、Stop: AC, DC circuit of protection device is disabled; trip output circuit is open.
16.4.2 During line normal operation, in order to prevent short lead protection
automatically input due to line switch auxiliary contacts problem, disconnect short lead
protection tripping outlet. Line shutdown, before the circuit breaker is on closing loop,
check the short lead protection tripping bright, short line protection is in service.
16.4.3 Some short lead protection is still on self-hold status after the circuit breaker trip,
reset the protection by hand before CB is put into service .
16.5.1 Device sends "DC disappears" signal, check whether small DC switch in
protection panel and small DC switch in DC power distributed panel is tripped or not. If
the DC power switch is tripped, immediately report the dispatcher and shift-operator to
disable protection, try to power on the relevant circuit, if it is not successful, rapidly inform
special person to deal with it.
16.5.2 If “device abnormal signal” disappear , check the relevant information, to judge. If
the device is not restored, report the dispatcher and shift-operator, quit the protection and
deal with it.
17.1 Summarizing
The ARR800 integrated data monitoring system which is used for 500kV system fault
recorder is made in ACHENG company, china , the system is composed of DAU (data
acquisition unit), LSU (local storage unit), printer, PC, MODEM, HUB and GPS etc..
Fault recorder with REPLAYTM PLUS software can realize network communication, data
analysis, display, and management etc..
2、DC power supply and AC power supply of fault recorder AC should be closed.
3、When fault recorder happens to alarm signal, check the printer output content.
4、after the incident each time , the operating personnel inform relay protection engineers
to print out the fault report and check fault recorder action, before printing recording data,
DC power supply and plug –in are out of service .
25 Synchronism check
32 direction power
47 negative overvoltage
48 locked rotor
50BF CB failure
VTFF VT CB failure
25 Synchrocheck (optional)
78 Out-of-step tripping