NSW Education Standards Authority

2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2

Marking Guidelines

Section I

Multiple-choice Answer Key

Question Answer
1 B
2 B
3 C
4 A
5 D
6 A
7 D
8 B
9 C
10 B

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Section II

Question 11 (a) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct answer 1

Sample answer:
w = −1 + 4i
w = 17

Question 11 (a) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
• Correctly obtains z
OR 1
• Correctly evaluates wz

Sample answer:
wz = ( −1 + 4i )( 2 + i )
= −2 − 4 + 8i − i
= −6 + 7i

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 11 (b)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Correctly applies integration by parts, or equivalent merit 2
• Correctly identifies the two functions to be used in integration by parts,
1
or equivalent merit

Sample answer:

⌠
e dv
u = ln x, =x
⎮ x ln x dx dx
⌡1
du 1 x2
e e
= , v=
x2 ⌠ x dx x 2
= ln x − ⎮ dx
2 1 ⌡1
2

e
e2 x 2
= −
2 4 1

e2 e2 1
= − +
2 4 4

e2 1
= +
4 4

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 11 (c)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Correctly separates variables, or equivalent merit 2
dv
• Uses a = v , or equivalent merit 1
dx

Sample answer:

a = v 2 + v

dv
2
∴ v× =v +v
dx

dx 1

∴ =
dv v + 1
x = ln ( v + 1) + C

When x = 0, v = 1 ⇒ C = − ln 2

∴ x = ln ( v + 1) − ln 2

Question 11 (d)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correction solution 3
• Correctly obtains ( u − v ) ⋅ ( u + v ) , or equivalent merit
! ! ! !
OR 2
• Attempts to apply ( u − v ) ⋅ ( u + v ) = 0 using correct ( u − v ) and ( u + v )
!
! ! ! ! ! ! !
• Obtains ( u − v ) and ( u + v ) , or equivalent merit 1
! ! ! !
Sample answer:
u = −2
i −
j + 3
k
! ! ! !
v =
pi +
j + 2
k
! ! ! !
u −
v =
(
−2 − p )
i − 2
j +
k
! ! ! ! !
u +
v =
( p − 2 ) i + 5
k
! ! ! !
(u − v ) ⋅ (u + v ) = 0
! ! ! !
− ( p + 2 )( p − 2 ) + 5 = 0
p2 − 4 = 5
p = ±3

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 11 (e)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 4
• Obtains the square root of the discriminant, or equivalent merit 3
• Makes progress towards finding the square root of the discriminant 2
• Correctly obtains the discriminant, or equivalent merit
OR 1
• Attempts to use quadratic formula

Sample answer:

z 2 + 3z + ( 3 − i ) = 0
Δ = 9 − 4 (
3 − i )
= −3 + 4i

Write −3 + 4i = ( x + iy )
2

∴ x2 − y2 = −3 (real parts)
x2 + y2 = 5 (moduli)

∴ x2 = 1 ⇒ x = ±1
⇒ y = ±2

∴ −3 + 4i = (1 + 2i )2

−3 ± (1 + 2i )
Hence, z =
2
= −1 + i, −2 – i

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 12 (a) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
• Correctly obtains the vertical component of the 200 newton force,
1
or equivalent merit

Sample answer:
Resolving vertically,
200sin30° + R = mg
1
∴ R = 50 × 10 − 200 ×
2
= 400 newtons

Question 12 (a) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
• Correctly obtains the horizontal component of the 200 newton force,
1
or equivalent merit

Sample answer:
Horizontally,
Net horizontal force = 200 cos30° − 0.3R
3
= 200 × − 0.3 × 400
2
! 53.2 newtons

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 12 (a) (iii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
• Correctly obtains the acceleration, or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
From part (b), using F = ma,
50a = 53.2
dV
∴ = 1.064
dt
Hence the velocity after 3 seconds is
3
⌠
V = ⎮
1.064 dt
⌡0

= 1.064 × 3

= 3.192 m/s

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 12 (b) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
⎛ u cosθ ⎞
• Correctly obtains v ( t ) = ⎜ , or equivalent merit
! ⎝ usin θ − gt ⎟⎠
2
OR
• Correctly obtains one component of r ( t )
!
• Correctly obtains one component of v ( t ) , or equivalent merit 1
!
Sample answer:
⎛ 0⎞
a=⎜ ⎟
! ⎝ −g⎠

⎛ c1 ⎞
v=⎜
! ⎝ − gt + c2 ⎟⎠

⎛ u cosθ ⎞
Now at t = 0, v = ⎜
! ⎝ usin θ ⎟⎠

⎛ u cosθ ⎞
∴ v=⎜
!
⎝ usin θ − gt ⎠⎟

⎛ ut cosθ + c3 ⎞
∴ r (t ) = ⎜ 1
⎟
!
⎜
ut sin θ − gt 2 + c4 ⎟

⎝ 2 ⎠

⎛ 0⎞
r (0) = ⎜ ⎟ ⇒ c3 = c4 = 0
! ⎝ 0⎠

⎛ ut cosθ ⎞
∴ r (t ) = ⎜ 1 ⎟
ut sin θ − gt 2 ⎟
⎝⎜
!

2
⎠

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 12 (b) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Obtains a correct Cartesian equation of flight, or equivalent merit 2
• Attempts to eliminate t, or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
x
x = ut cosθ ⇒ t=
u cosθ

1 2
y = ut sin θ − gt
2

ux sin θ 1 x2
= − g 2
u cosθ 2 u cos2 θ

1 gx 2
= x tan θ −
2 u
( 2
2 1 + tan θ )
gx 2 ⎛ 2 2u 2 ⎞
=− 2⎜ tan θ − tan θ + 1⎟
2u ⎝ gx ⎠

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 12 (b) (iii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
4
4u
• Attempts to use the discriminant Δ = − 4 , or equivalent merit 1
g2 x 2

Sample answer:
From part (ii), we require the quadratic to have two distinct real roots, when x = R.

4u 4
Δ= −4
g
2 R 2

=
(
4 u4 − g2 R2 )

2 2
g R

Given u2 > gR ⇒ u4 > g2R2

∴Δ>0

Hence there are two distinct values for tan θ, hence two distinct values for θ, as tan θ is
increasing.

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 13 (a)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Correctly finds any two of amplitude, n, function with consistent phase 2
• Correctly finds one of amplitude, n, function with consistent phase 1

Sample answer:

The equation has the form

x ( t ) = Acos ( nt ) + 3

2π π
Now A = 2 3 and = , so n = 6
n 3

∴ x ( t ) = 2 3 cos ( 6t ) + 3

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 13 (b)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Correctly finds either λ 1 or λ 2 , or equivalent merit 2
• Finds one equation linking λ 1 and λ 2 , or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:

⎛ 3⎞ ⎛ 1⎞

r = ⎜ −1⎟ + λ1 ⎜ 2⎟

! ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 7⎠ ⎝ 1⎠

⎛ 3⎞ ⎛ −2⎞

r = ⎜ −6⎟ + λ2 ⎜ 1 ⎟

! ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 3⎠

Equating components,

3 + λ1 = 3 − 2λ2 (1)
−1 + 2λ1 = −6 + λ2 (2)
7 + λ1 = 2 + 3λ2 (3)

(1) ⇒ λ1 = −2λ2
(2) ⇒ −1 − 4λ2 = −6 + λ2 ⇒ λ2 = 1 ⇒ λ1 = −2.

As a check, using equation (3),

Left hand side = 5, Right hand side = 5

⎛ 3 ⎞ ⎛ −2⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞
∴ Point of intersection is r = ⎜ −6⎟ + ⎜ 1 ⎟ = ⎜ −5⎟
! ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 3⎠ ⎝ 5⎠

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 13 (c) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
• Applies Pythagoras to find x, or equivalent merit
OR 1
• Observes that x ≤ a + b

Sample answer:

By Pythagoras,

( a + b )2 = x 2 + ( a − b )2
∴ x = 2 ab

Now the hypotenuse is the longest side so

a + b ≥ 2 ab

a+b
∴ ≥ ab
2

Question 13 (c) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 1

Sample answer:

Put a = p2, b = ( 2q )
2

p2 + 4q 2
Then ≥ 4 p2 q 2
2

So p2 + 4q2 ≥ 4pq

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 13 (d) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 1

Sample answer:

e
inθ + e −inθ
= ( cos n θ + i sin n θ ) + ( cos n θ − i sin n θ )

= 2cos ( n θ )

Question 13 (d) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Correctly uses binomial theorem and groups conjugate pairs,
2
or equivalent merit

( )
4
• Uses part (a) to obtain eiθ + e −iθ = 16 cos4 θ
1
OR
• Attempts to use binomial theorem, or equivalent merit

Sample answer:

(eiθ + e−iθ )
4
= e 4iθ + 4e3iθ ⋅ e −iθ + 6e2iθ ⋅ e −2iθ + 4eiθ ⋅ e −3iθ + e −4iθ

( ) (
= e 4iθ + e −4iθ + 4 e 2iθ + e −2iθ + 6 )
= 2cos 4θ + 8cos 2θ + 6

( )
4
Also eiθ + e −iθ = 24 cos4 θ

1
∴ cos4 θ = ( cos 4θ + 4 cos 2θ + 3)
8

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 13 (d) (iii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
• Uses part (a) and attempts to integrate, or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
π
⌠2 4
⎮ cos θ dθ
⌡0
π

⌠ 2 1

=⎮ (
cos 4θ + 4 cos 2θ + 3 dθ )
⌡0 8
π
1 sin 4θ
= ⎛ + 2sin 2θ + 3θ ⎞
2
8 ⎝ 4 ⎠ 0

1 3π 3π
= ⎛ ⎞=
8 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 16

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 14 (a) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correction solution 2
iπ
• Observes either that z 2 = z1 , or that multiplying by e 3 rotates
1
π
through an angle of
3

Sample answer:

iπ
π
Multiplying z1 by e3 rotates it anticlockwise through an angle , giving z2.
3

Also z1 = z2 .

π
So rOAB is isosceles giving all angles equal to and hence rOAB is equilateral.
3

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 14 (a) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Factors z 23 + z13 , or equivalent merit
OR 2
iπ
• Simplifies either side of z12 + z 22 = z1z 2 using z 2 = e3z 1
iπ
• Observes that z 23 =e z13 , or equivalent merit
OR 1
iπ
• Uses z 2 = e3z 1 in both sides of z12 + z 22 = z1z 2

Sample answer:
iπ
z2 = e3 z1

∴ z23 = eiπ z13 = −z13

∴ z13 + z23 = 0

( z1 + z2 )( z12 + z22 − z1z2 ) = 0

Now z1 ≠ −z2 so z12 + z2 2 = z1z2 .

OR

⎛ 2π i ⎞
LHS = z12 + z2 2
= ⎜ e 3 + 1⎟ z12
⎝ ⎠
2π 2π
= ⎛ cos + i sin + 1⎞ z12
⎝ 3 3 ⎠
⎛1 3⎞ 2
= ⎜ +i z
⎝2 2 ⎠⎟ 1

iπ
π π
RHS = z1z2 = e 3 z12 = ⎛ cos + i sin ⎞ z12
⎝ 3 3⎠
⎛1 3⎞ 2
= ⎜ +i z
⎝2 2 ⎟⎠ 1

Therefore z12 + z2 2 = z1z2 .

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 14 (b)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 4
• Integrates to find v as a function of t, evaluating the constant,
3
or equivalent merit
• Correctly applies partial fractions and attempts to integrate, or equivalent
2
merit
• Correctly separates variables and attempts to apply partial fractions,
1
or equivalent merit

Sample answer:
dv
dt
(
= 10 1 − ( kv )2 )
1 ⌠ 1
t= ⎮ dv
10 ⌡ (1 − kv )(1 + kv )

1 ⌠ 1 1
= ⎮ + dv (partial fractions)
20 ⌡
1 − kv 1 + kv

1 1
= × ⎡ ln (1 + kv ) − ln (1 − kv ) ⎤⎦ + C

20 k
⎣
1 1 + kv ⎞

= ln ⎛ +C
20k ⎝ 1 − kv ⎠

When t = 0, v = 0, so C = 0.

When t = 5, we have

1 + kv ⎞
ln ⎛ = 5 × 20 × 0.01 = 1
⎝ 1 − kv ⎠

∴ 1 + 0.01v = e (1 − 0.01v )

e − 1⎞
v = 100 ⎛ ! 46.2 m/s
⎝ e + 1⎠

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 14 (c)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 4
• Correctly proves the inductive step
OR
3
• Verifies initial case, n = 2, AND assumes true for k and attempts to verify
true for k + 1
• Assumes true for k and attempts to verify true for k + 1 2
• Verifies initial case, n = 2 1

Sample answer:
Let P(n) be the given proposition.

1 1
P(2) is true since <
22 2

Let k be an integer for which P(k) is true.

Thus we assume that

1 1 1 k −1
2 + 2 +!+ 2 <
2 3 k k

1 1 1 1
Consider 2 + 2 +!+ 2 +
2 3 k ( k + 1)2

1 k −1
< 2 +
( k + 1) k

k + ( k + 1)2 ( k − 1)
=
( k + 1)2 k

( k + 1) + ( k + 1)2 ( k − 1)
<
( k + 1)2 k
1 + k2 − 1 k
= =
( k + 1) k k + 1

∴ P ( k + 1) is true.

∴ P(n) true for all integers n ≥ 2 by induction.

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 14 (d)
Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Assumes logn ( n + 1) is rational and attempts to eliminate the logarithm,
2
or equivalent merit
• Attempts to use proof by contradiction, or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
Suppose logn ( n + 1) is rational.

p
Then logn ( n + 1) = , where p, q are integers and q ≠ 0.
q

p
q
∴ n +1 = n

so ( n + 1)q = n p

If n is even then RHS is even, LHS is odd – a contradiction.

If n is odd then RHS is odd, LHS is even – a contradiction.

Hence in either case we have a contradiction, so logn ( n + 1) is irrational.

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 15 (a) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct proof 2
• Factors k + 1
3

OR 1
• Writes k + 1 = 3j, or equivalent merit

Sample answer:
Suppose k + 1 is divisible by 3, then k + 1 = 3j, for some integer j.

( )(
Now k 3 + 1 = k + 1 k 2 − k + 1 )
(
= 3 j k2 − k + 1 )
Hence k3 + 1 is divisible by 3.

Question 15 (a) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct statement 1

Sample answer:
If k3 + 1 is not divisible by 3, then (k + 1) is not divisible by 3.

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 15 (a) (iii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Considers cases to justify their statement, or equivalent merit 2
• Correctly states the converse or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
The converse states that:

‘If k3 + 1 is divisible by 3, then (k + 1) is divisible by 3’.

This statement is true.

The integer k must be of the form 3j, 3j + 1 or 3j – 1, for some integer j.

Then k3 + 1 = 27j3 + 1 or (3j + 1)3 + 1 or (3j − 1)3 + 1.

Only the third case gives k3 + 1 divisible by 3.

OR

Using proof by contradiction, suppose k3 + 1 is divisible by 3.

But (k + 1) is not divisible by 3.

∴ k2 – k + 1 is divisible by 3

∴ (k + 1)2 − 3k is divisible by 3

∴ (k + 1)2 and hence (k + 1) is divisible by 3.

This is a contradiction.

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 15 (b) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
m
• Recognises that = , or equivalent merit 1
n

Sample answer:
+ + =

m
∴ a + + =
! n

∴ ⎛1 + m ⎞ = b − a
⎝ n⎠ ! !

n
∴ = (b − a)
m+n ! !

Question 15 (b) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 1

Sample answer:
= +
n
=
a + ( b − a )

! m + n !
!

n ⎞ n
= a ⎛ 1 −
+
(b)
!
⎝
m + n ⎠
m + n !
m n
= a+ b
m + n !
m + n !

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 15 (b) (iii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Finds equations of lines OS and PR and attempts to solve for T
OR 2
• Writes in terms of p and r in two ways and attempts to solve
! !
• Finds equation of line OS
OR
1
1
• Writes as a multiple of = r + p , or equivalent merit
! 2!

Sample answer:
= +

1
=r+ p
! 2!

Equation of line OS is x =
⎛ r +
p⎞ λ .

! ⎝
! 2
! ⎠

Also equation of line PR is x =

p +
r −
p µ .

! ! ! !
)

Equating, we have

p ⎛ λ ⎞ +
rλ =
p (1 − µ ) +
r µ

! ⎝
2
⎠ ! ! !

1 2
∴ λ = 1 − µ and λ = µ ⇒ λ =
2 3

Hence point of intersection is

2
1
2 1

=
⎛ r +
p⎞ =
r +
p
⎝

3
! 2
! ⎠
3
! 3
!

Question 15 (b) (iv)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 1

Sample answer:
2 1
By part (ii) the point which divides PR in the ratio 2 :1 is given by r + p , but this is .
3! 3!

∴ T divides the interval PR in the ratio 2 :1.

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 16 (a) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
• Attempts to balance forces, or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
Let a be the acceleration of the masses. Comparing forces,

4gm − kv − 2gm − kv = 2ma + 4ma

∴ 2gm − 2kv = 6am

gm − kv
∴ a=
3m

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 16 (a) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
3m ⎛ gm ⎞
• Obtains t = ln ⎜ , or equivalent merit 2
k ⎝ gm − kv ⎟⎠
dt
• Integrates , or equivalent merit 1
dv

Sample answer:
dv gm − kv
From part (i), =
dt 3m

v
⌠ 3m
∴t = ⎮ dv
⌡0 gm − kv

v
3m
=− ln ( gm − kv )
k 0

3m
=− ⎡ln ( gm − kv ) − ln ( gm ) ⎤⎦
k ⎣

3m ⎛ gm ⎞
= ln ⎜
k ⎝ gm − kv ⎟⎠

3m
When t = ln 2
k

gm
We have =2
gm − kv

kv 1
⇒ 1− =
gm 2

gm
⇒ v=
2k

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 16 (b) (i)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct proof 3
• Correctly applies integration by parts and attempts to reduce to integrals
2
involving only sin ( 2θ ) , or equivalent merit
• Attempts to use integration by parts, or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
π dv
⌠2 u = si n 2n ( 2θ ) = sin 2θ
I n = ⎮
sin 2n+1 ( 2θ ) dθ dθ
⌡0
du
= 4nsin 2n−1 ( 2θ ) cos 2θ
dθ
π
⌠2 cos ( 2θ )
= ⎮ sin ( 2θ ) sin 2n ( 2θ ) dθ v=−
2
⌡0

π π
1 2 ⌠2
= sin 2n ( 2θ ) × − cos ( 2θ ) + 2n ⎮ sin 2n−1 ( 2θ ) cos2 ( 2θ ) dθ
2 0 ⌡0

⎡
π π π ⎤
⎤
⌠ ⌠ 2⌠ 2 2n+12n+1
⎢ ( 2θ ) dθ −⎮
⎮sinsin ( 2θ()2dθθ) dθ ⎥⎥ ⎥
2 2n−1
∴ I
n = 2n ⎢⎮ sin ⎥
⎢⎣
⌡0 ⌡0⌡0 ⎥⎦
⎥⎦

I n ( 2n + 1) = 2n I n−1
2n
∴ In = I
( 2n + 1) n−1.

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 16 (b) (ii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Writes In in terms of I0 and evaluates I0, or equivalent merit 2
• Calculates I0
OR
• Writes In in terms of In − 2 1
OR
• Equivalent merit

Sample answer:
Applying the reduction formula,

2n
In = × I n−1
2n + 1

2n ( 2n − 2 )
= ×I
( 2n + 1)( 2n − 1) n−2
2n ( 2n − 2 )( 2n − 4 )…… 2
= × I0
( 2n + 1)( 2n − 1)( 2n − 3)…… 3

=
[ 2n ( 2n − 2)…2][ 2n ( 2n − 2)…2] × I 0
( 2n + 1)( 2n )( 2n − 1)( 2n − 2 )……3 × 2

22n ( n!)2 × I 0
=
( 2n + 1)!
π
⌠2
Now I 0 = ⎮ sin ( 2θ ) dθ
⌡0
π
1 2
= − cos ( 2θ )
2 0

=1

22n ( n!)2
∴ In =
( 2n + 1)!

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 16 (b) (iii)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 3
• Obtains an integral of sin 2n+1 2θ , or equivalent merit 2

• Attempts the substitution x = sin 2 θ , or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
1
⌠
Jn = ⎮
x n (1 − x )n dx
⌡0

Put x = sin 2 θ

dx
= 2sin θ cosθ
dθ

π
⌠2
∴ Jn = ⎮
2sin 2n+1 (θ ) cos2n+1 (θ ) dθ
⌡0

π
⌠2 1
= ⎮ 2n ( 2sin θ cosθ )
2n+1
dθ
⌡0 2

⌠ 2
1
=⎮ 2 n sin
2n+1
( 2θ ) dθ
⌡0 2

1
= I
22n n

( n!)2
=
( 2n + 1)!

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question 16 (b) (iv)

Criteria Marks
• Provides correct solution 2
• Finds the maximum value of x (1 − x ) , for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , or equivalent merit 1

Sample answer:
1 1
The quadratic expression x (1 − x ) has maximum value of when x = .
4 2

1 1
⌠
n ⌠ ⎛ 1
⎞ n
∴ Jn = ⎮ x (1 − x ) dx ≤
⎮
n
dx
⌡0 ⌡0 ⎝
4
⎠

1
=
22n

( n!)2 1
∴ ≤
( 2n + 1)! 22n

(
⇒ 2n n! )2 ≤ ( 2n + 1 )!

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2

Mapping Grid
Section I

Question Marks Content Syllabus outcomes

1 1 MEX-V1 Further Work with Vectors MEX12–3

2 1 MEX-N2 Using Complex Numbers MEX12–4

3 1 MEX-V1 Further Work with Vectors MEX12–3

4 1 MEX-N1 Introduction to Complex Numbers MEX12–4

5 1 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

6 1 MEX-C1 Further Integration MEX12–5

7 1 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

8 1 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

9 1 MEX-N1 Introduction to Complex Numbers MEX12–4

10 1 MEX-C1 Further Integration MEX12–8

Section II

Question Marks Content Syllabus outcomes

11 (a) (i) 1 MEX-N1 Introduction to Complex Numbers MEX12–4

11 (a) (ii) 2 MEX-N1 Introduction to Complex Numbers MEX12–4

11 (b) 3 MEX-C1 Further Integration MEX12–5

11 (c) 3 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

11 (d) 3 MEX-V1 Further Work with Vectors MEX12–3

11 (e) 4 MEX-N2 Using Complex Numbers MEX12–4

12 (a) (i) 2 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

12 (a) (ii) 2 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

12 (a) (iii) 2 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

12 (b) (i) 3 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

12 (b) (ii) 3 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to

12 (b) (iii) 2 MEX12–7
Mechanics 4

13 (a) 3 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

13 (b) 3 MEX-V1 Further Work with Vectors MEX12–3

13 (c) (i) 2 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

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NESA 2020 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Marking Guidelines

Question Marks Content Syllabus outcomes

13 (c) (ii) 1 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

13 (d) (i) 1 MEX-N1 Introduction To Complex Numbers MEX12–4

13 (d) (ii) 3 MEX-N1 Introduction To Complex Numbers MEX12–4

13 (d) (iii) 2 MEX-N1 Introduction To Complex Numbers MEX12–5

14 (a) (i) 2 MEX-N2 Using Complex Numbers MEX12–4

14 (a) (ii) 3 MEX-N2 Using Complex Numbers MEX12–4

14 (b) 4 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

MEX-P2 Further Proof by Mathematical

14 (c) 4 MEX12–2, MEX12–8
Induction

14 (d) 3 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

15 (a) (i) 2 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

15 (a) (ii) 1 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

15 (a) (iii) 3 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

15 (b) (i) 2 MEX-V1 Further Work with Vectors MEX12–3

15 (b) (ii) 1 MEX-V1 Further Work with Vectors MEX12–3

15 (b) (iii) 3 MEX-V1 Further Work with Vectors MEX12–3

15 (b) (iv) 1 MEX-V1 Further Work with Vectors MEX12–3

16 (a) (i) 2 MEX-M1 Applications of Calculus to Mechanics MEX12–6

16 (a) (ii) 3 MEX-C1 Further Integration MEX12–5

16 (b) (i) 3 MEX-C1 Further Integration MEX12–5

16 (b) (ii) 3 MEX-C1 Further Integration MEX12–5

16 (b) (iii) 2 MEX-C1 Further Integration MEX12–5

16 (b) (iv) 2 MEX-P1 The Nature of Proof MEX12–2

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