KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN,

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Name : Fitrotun Nufus Mutawalliyah

Student Number : 210511100060

MID TEST

COURSE : Translation
Date : Wednesday, 5 April 2023
Examiner : Dr. Sriyono
Time : due, 6 April, 1 PM

Instruction
a. Avoid plagiarism or the penalty is yours.
b. Answer with your own words
c. Support the answer with some references

Define the following terms and explain as the instruction in table:

References (at
NO Term Meaning (min 200 words) example
least 2 references)
1 Equivalence Equivalence is that if part of Silicon Valley is Munday, Jeremy.,
the study of a particular probably the most Ramos, Sara., and
language in one language famous valley in the Blakesley, Jacob.
concerns the message or world. (2022).
meaning intended similar to Introduction
that intended in the medium of Translation: Silicon translations
the study of a particular Valley adalah lembah studies: theories
language in another language, yang mungkin paling and applications.
then these two parts are terkenal didunia. Abingdon, Oxon;
considered equivalence. What New York, NY:
is included in equivalence is This sentence is Routledge.
such as words, morpheme, included in formal
phrases, clauses, idioms, and equivalence, because
proverb. So, in determining it deals with the Karimi, Lotfollah.
equivalence, we have to be translation of word for (2006).
careful because it is very word to preserve the Equivalence
vulnerable to problems. In this original meaning as Translation, 10(1).
context, translators do not well as the form of the https://translationj
necessarily detect one-to-one source language. ournal.net/journal/
units that are categorically or 35equiv.htm
structurally commensurate in
two languages, but sometimes
in different language studies
units can have the same
function. The factors that can
affect difficulties in
determining equivalence or
translation that is worth it from
one language to another,
namely cultural, religious, and
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literary factors. The solution of

the translator can use
interpretation if you find such
problems, or problems such as
sound figurative, word play,
alliteration, assonance,
consonant, rhythm pattern, and
so on.
2 Shift Shift means all activities that Although it is not the Q. R, Mohammad;
the translator must be sure by place where the first and Al-Hassnawi,
the structural differences computer was built Ali Rasyeed.
between the two language (that was Manchester, (2001).
systems involved in this England), Silicon Constructing a
process and optional activities Valley, near San Model for Shift
that must be ensured by the Francisco, was the Analysis in
personal specialization and birthplace of the Translation.
style that he uses in translating modern computer Translation
from one language to another industry. Journal. 5(4).
for the purpose of natural and https://translationj
communicative translation of Translation: Meskipun ournal.net/journal/
the original language into Silicon Valley bukan 18theory.htm
another This translation tempat di mana
process must be done in komputer pertama kali
accordance with the ordinances dibuat (itu di Munday, Jeremy.,
and principles of translation Manchester, Inggris), Ramos, Sara., and
science other than those Silicon Valley, dekat Blakesley, Jacob.
attached to the language San Francisco, yaitu (2022).
system involved in this tempat lahir industri Introduction
process. This translator model komputer modern. translations
combines various approaches studies: theories
and outlines the methods of This sentence is and applications.
language science that may have included in the shift Abingdon, Oxon;
a connection to the translation unit category, because New York, NY:
process. Shift should be clearly this sentence is the Routledge.
redefined as a consequence of source language of the
the translator, efforts to build shift clause to the
translation equality (TE) target language of the
between two different language sentence.
methods. It is a shift formed if,
in a certain TT, there is a
translation equivalent other
than formal correspondent for
certain SL elements. In shift or
change, it is usually interpreted
as any translation that avoids
formal correspondence. Shifts
usually also occur at higher
levels of text, genre, and
discourse. The term shift was
first applied by Cadfors, Vinay
and Darbelnet, whose detailed
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taxonomy has influenced many

theorists.
3 Translation 3.- Word for Word Translation There were also other Sianturi, Ester;
method With this method, the electronics company, Marpaung, Elen;
translator translates the source like Hewlett Packard Sipahutar, Susi R.
language into the target and Fairchild, the And Rambe,
language by looking at the world first Kartina. (2021).
basic words. As a result, the “semiconductor” Kinds of
translator makes unfounded company. Translation
word choices, the translation Method Used by
sounds unattractive, and the Translation: Ada juga The Studens’ in
translation is unusual for the perusahaan elektronik Translation
reader, because the word lainnya, seperti Descriptive Text
structure in the translated Hewlett Packard dan from English to
sentence cannot be equated Fairchild, perusahaan Indonesia. Jurnal
with the original sentence “semikonduktor” Bahasa dan Sastra,
order. pertama di dunia. 8(1), 97-98.
- Free Translation https://ejournal.up
Free translation is often not This sentence includes batam.ac.id/index.
connected to finding equivalent translation with the php/basis
sentences, but similarities tend word for word
to occur at the sentence level. method, because it
The translator must be able to only translates the Munday, Jeremy.,
identify the message in the source language to Ramos, Sara., and
source language at the level of and the target Blakesley, Jacob.
the paragraph or discourse as a language by (2022).
whole to then exchange and specifying the base Introduction
explain it in the target word only. translations
language. The existence of studies: theories
free translation makes this and applications.
method difficult because of the Abingdon, Oxon;
limitations on the level of New York, NY:
informal expressions, clauses, Routledge.
and proverbs which are often
translated unconditionally.
- Literal Translation Literal
translation focuses on word-to-
word translation and free
translation. This type is usually
related if the sentence structure
of the source language is
different from the structure of
the target language. Usually, a
literal translation is in a
sentence or text that smells
about culture.
- Faithful Translation This
faithful translation focuses on
creating the correct contextual
meaning of the original usage
structure within the
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grammatical limits of the target

language. In the sense that the
translator must really explain
the meaning of the source
language to communicate the
researcher's goals.
-Semantic Translation
Compared to Faithful
Translation, Semantic
Translation is more flexible in
translating meaning from
source language because it is
more assessing and simplifying
the meaning of content
provided its context.
- Translation Adaptation
Translation Adaptation is a
translation that produces
freedom in interpreting. This
method is usually used for
dramatization (comedy and
poetry, subject, character, plot,
short story, etc.) by rewriting
the target language text from
the target language source
language and the text of the
text is rewritten.
- Idiomatic translation
Idiomatic translation is a
translation that produces
freedom in interpreting. This
method is usually used for
dramatization (comedy and
poetry, subject, character, plot,
short story, etc.) by rewriting
the target language text from
the target language source
language and the text of the
text is rewritten.
- Communicative translation
Communicative Translation is
a translation that produces
appropriate and precise
meaning from the source
language so that the principal
of the contents of the language
can be understood and captured
effectively by the reader.
4 Translation 1. The borrowing technique is Silicon Valley is thus Volf, Pattew.
Technique a technique of taking words a group of small (2020).
directly from the source towns, including Palo Translation
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language without any changes Alto and San José, a Techniques as a

or only changes in few miles south of Method for
pronunciation. There are two San Francisco. Describing the
types of borrowing techniques, Results and
namely direct borrowing Translation: Dengan Classifying the
(which is a pure loan technique demikian, Silicon Types of
by taking it directly). Then Valley adalah Translation
there is natural borrowing (this kumpulan kota-kota Solutions Applied
technique uses phonetic kecil, termasuk Palo Translation, 14(2),
adjustments and morphology Alto dan José, 5.
of the target language). beberapa mil selatan https://doi.org/10.5
2. Literal translation is a word- San Francisco. 1708/apptrans.v14
for-word translation. Usually n2.1171
used for the translation of This sentence uses
scientific texts to avoid amplification
misunderstandings. translation Bosco, Gabriela.
3. Calque is a word or phrase techniques, as it (2023).
borrowed from another translates the term Translation
language and then literally "Silicon Valley” by Techniques.
translated word for word. 4. giving a detailed https://interproinc.
Transposition is a technique explanation of the com/blog/translati
that transfers grammatical meaning of “Silicon on-techniques
types between SL and TL. Valley".
4. Modulation is a technique of
using different phrases in the
source language and target
language to convey the same
idea.
5. Adaptation is a translation
technique that changes parts of
the source language with parts
that can be understood in the
target language.
6. Amplification is a technique
that provides a detailed
statement about a term in the
target language.
7. Description is a technique
that conveys the form and
function of a term from the
source language into the target
language.
8. Reduction is a reduction or
elimination technique to
condense information from SL
to TL.
9. Parenthesis is a technique
used to explain terms or words
by using brackets.
10. Inversion is a technique
that transfers one term in the
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source language to another part

of the sentence in the target
language.
11. Particularization is a
technique for using terms or
words that are more specific
and real.
12. Substitution is a technique
for changing a part of
linguistics into linguistics or
vice versa, either in the form of
utterances or gestures.
13. Reformulation is a
technique that explains
something differently, for
example when translating
idioms or advertising slogans.