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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 4:
Phases of the Moon
Science – Grade 5
Quarter 4 – Module 4: Phases of the Moon
First Edition, 2020

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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 4:
Phases of the Moon
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material,
you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding
of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn

A wonderful day to you little scientist! In this module, you will learn to infer
the pattern in the changes in the appearance of the moon (S5FE-IVg-h-7) and
you shall learn how does it happen.

Specifically, you are expected to:

• identify the phases of the moon;
• describe the changes of the moon;
• infer the pattern of the phases of the moon.

Let Us Try!

1. What do you call the natural satellite of the Earth?

A. moon C. stars
B. meteors D. sun

2. What is the phase of the moon when lit up 100%?

A. New Moon C. Full Moon
B. Crescent Moon D. Quarter Moon

3. How often do the phases of the Moon cycle repeat?

A. around every 24 hours C. around once a month
B. around once a week D. every year

4. Where does the moon get its light?

A. It is from the Earth.
B. By the gravity coming from the moon.
C. By the reflecting light that comes from the sun.
D. All of the above.

5. What can you infer on this picture?

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 A. Moon phases are determined by the relative positions of Earth and
Sun.
B. The moon changes its appearance as it revolves around the earth.
C. The sun shines brightly towards the earth.
D. There are no changes on its appearance.

Let Us Study

Our Moon
Our Moon is like a desert with plains, mountains, and valleys. It also
has many craters, holes created when space rocks hit the surface at a high
speed. There is no air to breathe on the Moon. The Moon travels around the
Earth in an oval shaped orbit. Scientists think the Moon was formed long,
long ago when Earth crashed into a Mars-sized object.

The Moon is a natural satellite of the Earth. It shines by the reflected

light of the Sun. It takes 29 ½ days for the moon to revolve around the Earth.
The distance of the moon from the Earth is about 385,000 km. The first
person who landed on the moon was Neil Armstrong.
The Moon's phase depends only on its position relative to Earth and the
Sun. The changes of the moon’s appearance are what we called the phases of
the moon but it doesn’t mean that the moon itself changes its shape but it is
actually the lighted part. As the moon revolves around the Earth, we see more
of its lighted part, then we see less and less of its lighted part that is why its
shape appears to change and again it is called “Phases of the Moon”.
Questions:

1. Where does the moon get its light?

2. Who was the first man landed on the moon?
3. What do you call the changes of the moon’s appearance?
4. Why does the appearance of the moon seem to differ in shape?
5. How do phases of the moon happen?

LESSON 1: PHASES OF THE MOON

Moon phases are determined by the relative positions of the Moon,
Earth, and Sun. Try to look at the appearance of the moon according to its
positions.

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New Moon - When the moon is between
the sun and the earth, we can see total
darkness on the appearance of the
moon that is why we cannot see the
moon up above the sky.

Waxing Crescent Moon - Waxing

means the moon is gradually
increasing in magnitude; it’s getting
brighter from smallest size to another
size. Crescent means it is between new
moon and half-moon. We see only a
slender fraction of the day side because
the moon is moving eastward in orbit
around Earth.

First Quarter Moon - The moon

appears half lit to us meaning that you
see half the day lit side of the moon.

Waxing Gibbous Moon – Gibbous

mean humped or something
rounded. The moon appears more
than half lit but less than full. A
waxing gibbous moon comes
between first quarter
moon and full moon.

Full Moon - A full moon looks full

because it’s opposite the sun. Its
lighted face is turned entirely in
Earth’s direction.

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Waning Gibbous Moon – The
moon is waning when it is
decreasing in size from full moon
to quarter moon. It’s best viewed
from late night through early
morning.

Last Quarter Moon – The moon

appears half lit again a week after
full moon and a week before new
moon.

Waning Crescent Moon – A

waning crescent moon can be
found in the east before sunrise.
It’s waning towards new moon,
when the moon will be between
Earth and the sun.
According to Petersen (2020), the
Moon's shape changes for the
following reasons:
• The Moon orbits Earth.
• Both Earth and the Moon orbit the Sun.
• The Moon's orbit is the same length as the time it spins on its
axis (about 28 Earth days), which means that we see the same part of
the lunar surface all month.
• The Sun illuminates both Earth and the Moon.

Throughout the year, the Moon's orbital tilt remains fixed with respect
to the stars, meaning that it changes with respect to the Sun. About twice a
year, this puts the Moon in just the right position to pass through the Earth's
shadow, that is why we get to experience a Lunar Eclipse. Earth comes
between the Sun and the Moon, blocking the sunlight falling on the Moon.
Earth's shadow covers all or part of the lunar surface.

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There are two kinds of lunar eclipses:
A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon and Sun are on opposite sides
of Earth. A partial lunar eclipse happens when only part of Earth's shadow
covers the Moon.
There is also other phenomenon affected by the presence of the moon.
It is called the high tide and the low tide. It happens because it is mainly
due to the moon’s and sun’s gravitational pull exerted on the Earth.

High Tide - the tide gets high when the sea or ocean is closer
to the Moon (as the water is strongly attracted by it).

Low tide - tide will get low once the water surface is no longer
in front of the Moon and attracted by the centrifugal force. (ocean
clock n.d.)

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 Let Us Practice

Activity 1: Name Me

Direction: Identify the phases of the moon as shown in the picture. Write your
answers on your activity notebook.

7.

8.

6.

1.

5.

2.

4.

3.

Congratulations! You made it. You just learned the phases of the moon and
its appearances. Now let us continue your journey towards new learning.

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 Let Us Practice More

Activity 2: We are Meant to Be

Direction: Match the descriptions with the corresponding moon phases and
features. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.
A B
_____ 1. The moon is almost directly a. Full Moon
between the Earth and the
Sun; we cannot see the moon
on this phase.

_____ 2. Two weeks have passed b. Waxing Crescent

since the new moon. We see the
entire face of the moon shining
brightly.

_____ 3. The moon is increasing in c. First Quarter

brightness; it is between a first
quarter and a full moon.

_____ 4. The different moonlight d. New Moon

shapes of the moon as it
revolves around the Earth
within a month.

_____ 5. We see only a slender e. Waxing Gibbous Moon

fraction of the day side because
the moon is moving eastward
in orbit around Earth.
f. Phases of the Moon

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 Let Us Remember

• The pattern of the phases of the moon are determined by the

relative positions of the Moon, Earth, and Sun.
• As the moon revolves around the Earth, we see more of its lighted
part, then we see less and less of its lighted part that is why its
shape appears to change and it is called “Phases of the Moon”.
• There are 8 phases of the moon, namely: New Moon, Waxing
Crescent Moon, First Quarter Moon, Waxing Gibbous Moon, Full
Moon, Waning Gibbous Moon, Last Quarter, Waning Crescent
Moon in correct order.

Let Us Assess

Direction: Read the questions carefully. Choose the best answer and write it
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What does "waxing" moon mean?

A. decreasing C. dark
B. increasing D. lighted

2. How many days (estimated) does the Moon completely revolve around
the Earth?
A. One day C. 29 ½ days
B. 365 days D. 48 hours

3. How many moon phases are there?

A. 7 C. 18
B. 8 D. 28

4. Which of the following describes the phases of the moon?

A. Lunar Eclipse
B. natural satellite
C. high tide and low tide
D. new, crescent, quarter, gibbous, full

5. After the waning gibbous moon, half of the moon’s face is seen. What
phase of the moon is being described?
A. First Quarter C. Waning Crescent Moon

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 B. Last Quarter D. Waxing Gibbous Moon

6. What phase of the moon occurs when the moon is between the sun
and the Earth?
A. First Quarter C. Full Moon
B. Last Quarter D. New Moon

7. What phase of the moon occurs when the Earth is between the sun and
the moon?

A. First Quarter C. Full Moon

B. Last Quarter D. New Moon

8. How do we describe the appearance of a last quarter moon?

A. Total darkness on the appearance of the moon.

B. The moon appears more than half lit but less than full.
C. The moon appears half lit again a week after full moon and a week
before new moon.
D. Only a slender fraction of the day side because the moon is moving
eastward in orbit around Earth.

9. Why does the moon change its appearance?

A. The revolution of the Moon around the Earth causes the Moon to
appear to change shape.
B. It is determined by the relative position of Moon, Sun and Earth.
C. Like Earth, the moon rotates on its axis.
D. All of the above.

10. The crescent moon, half of the moon is lighted. Gibbous moon occurs
when we see more than half of the moon lighted.
A. First statement is TRUE but the second statement is FALSE.
B. First statement is FALSE but the second statement is TRUE.
C. Both statements are TRUE.
D. Both statements are FALSE.

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 Let Us Enhance

Activity 3: Show Me How

Direction: Draw the different phases of the moon in the circle below. Then,
arrange them in their order of appearance around the earth by writing number
1-8 on the blank. Do this in your notebook.

Full Moon Waxing Crescent Waning Gibbous First Quarter

Last Quarter Waxing Gibbous Waning Crescent New Moon

Let Us Reflect

The brightest and largest object in our night sky, the Moon. It makes Earth
a more livable planet by moderating our home planet's wobble on its axis,
leading to a relatively stable climate. It also causes tides, creating a rhythm
that has guided humans for thousands of years.

We always see the same side of the Moon from Earth. You have to go into
space to see the other side.

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 13
Activity 1
New Moon, Waxing Crescent Moon, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous Moon, Full Moon,
Waning Gibbous Moon,
Last Quarter, Waning Crescent Moon
Activity 2
d, a, e, f, b
Activity 3
5, 2, 6, 3, 7,4, 8, 1
Let Us Assess Let Us Assess Let Us Try
6. D 1. B 1. A
2. C
7. C 2. C 3. C
8. B 3. B 4. C
5. B
9. B 4. D
10. B 5. B
Answer Key
 References

Hocken, Vigdis. 1995-2021. timeanddate.com. Accessed January 15, 2021.

https://www.timeanddate.com/company/team-editorial#vh.
2019. NASA Science Solar Exploration. August 1. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/earths-moon/lunar-phases-and-
eclipses/#:~:text=The%20rest%20of%20the%20month,month%20(every%20
29.5%20days).
n.d. ocean clock. Accessed January 17, 2021.
https://www.oceanclock.com/en/blog/2-what-is-high-tide-and-low-tide-.

Petersen, Carolyn Collins. 2020. thoughtco.com/what-are-moon-phases-3883581.

August 27. Accessed January 15, 2021. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-
are-moon-phases-3883581.
Wigington, Patti. 2020. "Lunar Folklore." Learn Religions, . August 26. Accessed
January 14, 2021. learnreligions.com/lunar-folklore-2562381.

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Department of Education – Davao City Division

E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City

Telephone: (082) 227 4762

Email Address: [email protected]