| Since the nos gq Bore the Comperisor Dill be exenuec/e lis lange. than the no + Q repebhionn 4 the Loop's books hy exacth |, [the choice i¢ rot thal Impowtont ° | Wwe an allernale uny Compub’rs the nog Bren the Loop & execuel » | Steve the value qn *% about halveelon each vepebition the Loop, the anuver Shoules he about Genrewd plan per anahiyging Hme eSBerence J rom weeursive algs. | ts Deciole on a paramete. inckicoling an Tp's Sze & Iderbhy Lhe a's ante openckion |B loheci whethe, Lhe he- @ Brno the bonte opeoltor ts executed! alepencl only on the ie 4) ar Tp: | If + ahe aleperch om Sone adlkional Properly the \Qask case, Average Core, if necessary best care efictency have [tbe ‘nveligaled Zeparabely « Le Gk Up the urn expressing Be hoy bres the algorithm's | | [baste operalion is execulect | | 5: Wing Starclevel porrnules and rules g Aum manipulation, [ether find 0 closed own fomnufan or the count ov at the Nery Aeut, establish th orcler a qfewth » u HW) Sd sda. 41 © uta (Luare integon Pts, f Su)e |. eel ey Us i bine, % WMS " a1@ 5 27 - 14 tay a4..m 2 Nn) 4,2 a a iD dy 2 2 UR 4 Re Mow) (ani 13 = eee a ge my é a s. rk oy | 20 Fay ee! Kat n ; i 6 Zo aig, tan. my a ~ —— (a4); | -l hh. eS ee gu, fo a] Zaye | 2 "d= Iaasarg, ne (na 4a | 4. 2) 2 -t4ah ar 2 * oy 1 RUn ns, when a 00-5772 . (Euber's constan "+ 2 Sgr ws a 7 hag uy u "2 cas= 8a; fp is, , | au 4 u #18 Carter) = 6 ara Sb; tp fed ih 4 m u 3) Zas - 2 a;4 Sas thew Lemdu vg rk Feagy 4 Mel S (Qr-a,y) - Au ay ffB Compute the factorial pe flm=n) fox on arbibary ren Megabive integer Dict... (aayn e-yen for rZI Co) fe rsh sty Compute F(m)=F(n-1). 1 orth the Piecoing Tecurstve algorithon Ag pln) 4 =o relure J ehe Yelm floa)en Recurmrece velalion Min) = K(m4} for noo \ bocemp, g fo mafkply pln-) bg 2 tn) M(o)=0 Min)eu (n-144 Use Sabthhlben medaeol_, A by n=1 Ph G-ayajt) PA(n-ad4a Me Intbrat Aolubon, =M(n-1)4/ Bien b gh nba daly = HK(h-n)in *M(e)4in €0(nr) ?: Tower a Honor: n okie. 4 Lfferent 2tzes ard 3 pegs10) | Move alt lhe econd one disla lo the thir pe tring tne a On aurian Move only one olish al o Kime ik iS forbiollen Lo place a Aarne, olttk on lop of a Brnalle. one | MOm) =H tnd bIdM (n-t) por nt 6 AM (m1) 4) Tribal coneliion M(1)= J M(n) = gus (n-1)4) ~ afan(n-aysiai > a? M(n-ad 404) : a [am (nays Jrar 2M (n-3)+ 2% 2H) Pain (ni 4a yah? yay, = aly (n-daaht Obtarn Min) bg Aubsbitibing nen-- Inikal conclion apeeMed Jos m=), achiewo! for f=n-) Miny- a? ny (n(n) 1a] ~ a Mays ans, any gmt) 7g?) € 0 (a) Th $s the most efficient aly. fox Uus problem 1 is the [Problem's inbainsic ab‘MReally Wot mato, it So computationally here Exponenkal alge dun por an tnimaginably fang hime even pF Modirate values hom3+ Find Ue nos 4 binary ckigls Yn the binary repraentalion ge [Pasttue aera tntogen | 5, bina ree ) 4] M1 yelurn | ebe reluon binaribec ( L% J) 4) Recurrence relakon Alayza (inj, 3) +4) fever AC)=0 ental concthon fmf 0 Gs . tlh y olhewwise Feoy-14 Ang) =H ROPES ) said (rhe) “3110 a) | Mb (%') | 22m, 274401) ain | ~~ : log 9 = L059 fir) =L05 oa a fete € 6 (esp) O Generad Plan fv Sroblssng Kime ef Betency 4 Recursive aby. impli T pis 8 I Deciole on a povomeler tnoticobing an Tp's Size a. Idenkhy the aitgowhrn’s baste opeotin 7 ws 3. Whether the no- a, bn tre bovte opecton execubed Can Vary on AfBrenl Alps | tL care ABriency roual be Ihe Some Size , corrse Ipvedgaledt Cove, average Core, ber $ eparaleny 11@ Ae Sed ep a yeewrence relakon with an approprode trated Condition av the roe @ Hemen the beste operalton t executes. S+ Solve the rect¥vence ov atleart arcervlarn the Orolo. 9 Greoth Qh its Sdlubon. ee porkant problem bypes: Sokegs Rearvenge bre items qo g- fst loclal por Seoxching ( dcboraria, belephore bool) Some alerts are belle then othen, there *< ho algorithm that would be lhe bet Bdlubin in alk Situabon Some 4 dhe Algeysth ons are Aimple but rveotively low Gdhile others are fiarte. but move Compiler Some Wosk better on vondombuy bvolorvel Ips while ?o aacercling oroles . Others do belles 0 almnast Amteol Lists: Some are Suitable only fry Lbs vesicling in lhe fart memory chile dlhers Can be aolaptecl for Aorbing Large file Alored on a oltsle Two properties 4 Aovbing algonthro )» Stabe & 7m place Stable ~ it preserve lhe elements in 1b T)p- implace — if ik doe nol require esha memory ercepl yellabive ovder Q ang 2 equal Possibly pow a few memory wnihe| Searching» preting @ gr Value calle A Aeorch Lo OO Qn. sel - (ov a mmathisel which perevts Several) elements te have the tome Value) . es Ainge algorithm Urat ils all sibuotiorn host. Some als work farter than bthers bul vequie more memory, Some ave Vew Jart hat applcable Only to Sorteot arayy. Ther #6 ho Stabilrhy Problem, bude different iis es aries. In appl Whee he arrelor Lying cola may Chonga Preguentig Yelalve bo the nop %, Bearches , Aeorching han bo be Consilerso! fn Corjuncton with & Other Operakors - aolelbion to ano cleletion prom the colada sek J, an ttern- ee Rescesstey : A string a Sequence charaders pom an alphabet + Strings of Particular intereart are ext Alvings Which Comprte Jetbexs, numbers Ard Apectal characters, bib String, Culvch Comprsse Zeros anal Oren Gr genre Sqquerd, Whech con be rmocleloa by Abrings 9 Characters from the pow Chevaclen adphabel Sa.cery Skring rratching fsa eae) jor a gr word th a Lex Boph Problerns : Graph, a a collecbon 4 points callocl Vevhco, , Aome 4 Which are Connected by Lire Aegrent calleel eelgey,y yy Graph con be Wed fox moolebng a Wile Vonre ty 2 OF r¢09 Lhe apabienkon , including bromportaton, ancl Communiakion hehoore, Projed Achedulling and garrer Banic qYaph Leorvthm ~ Graph Lraversel ~Abeortest path : boyoolegical Sovking per Graphs wilh dvecteol edger. Some Gaph pwhlern av Computetionally very had (1p, Hoph co loving Problem) TSP ~ circuit bead, visy chip fabricabon, x.¥ Chreptallegraphes ancl Jenekic engineering , Youle Plarraing Graph Coloring — aslo Us bo arstin the Armallut nurnbken % Colows bo Verbee 44 gap So that ho bwo Aohacent Verbees aw the Aame color- Event Acheduling, *f the events axe representrel by Verbce, Phat arn connected by an eolge +P anol Onke, Pf the Comterponding Events Conn he Achedluleo! in the Kame Line. @ Aolution bw the Yaph Celoring problem yielon an opbinat Acheclute » Cormbihe bid Pabjerrs} Thae axe Problem that ark Cexpricrtty ov tmp)rcil P Peale daar bo fra A Combinatorial object, Buch OA Permutation, a Combinattor, Or a Subset tol salteler Ceslain constrainks arf hon Avme clastred Praperly ( marin’ ze, @ Vale oy mintntzps a ast), TSP and raph, Cobring Problem ore examples g Combinatorial problem, -Geometyse Problems} a Feemelwi¢ alg clead cvtth geomelarc objerts reich a1 Ports , rey Grel Polyaona . Problerns a corshicing Almple gpomelrs« Shage,, briorg tos, Markel ruler anol a Compous + Ppp). - Computer graphier ,rebobiog Numerical problems? CNdey Gothen Gn Pre problerss thal involve mathemabital chyeok Z Conbhuan natare - Solving eauabions ana Ayler J eaabons Compubing obpinite inleguals Pvatuching fr majority 4 the malherobial Problern can be Aolveo! only Approsimatdy 7 arene a Stra ctuvert Date. Structures Can be ckfired ar a Parkiculon Scheme 4 organizing related data ibems. Rinceo dake Sbiuctuner: Bray ard Linked Ll 94- Is a Aequence 4 7 tte B the Kame date hype thak are ghyveok Conka ously tn Compules memory Grol maole Actersible by A Peeling & Value 4 dhe annay's tndlex. Arve,=) | Noked Lst- 2s a Ae quene m Be ov moe elemah calle! efi poder ach containing we lirala op [infors dake and Prk. Usk - 13 @ Pride sequence 4 olaka thers | | Two Apecal hyper 3 Lists — Stark ard querer- | | hack - Ig a ksk tn which ‘nteKor ard olor can | be dene only ot dhe end (hp). LiF Que Isa bist from which ment are olleledl from One end Q the Abuctun C prod Gro new ekrmenk ae | be dhe otter end ( rear) «FIED. Pee Queue %s a collecton % Cele themr from a brtally ovdleres Universe « oporalion 9 priorh, queue One Prding ke Peceont elemenl-, dlehing 5 Langerd olument ard delle a@ new dement. Gx | rformally, ax a coMedton Y, Prints tn the plane callect Verbices ov neler Some 3 ‘edhps wv anes. | Forrnableg Beg B=C wets ts defined ly a pat oy 2 eb, O pintle Bot Vo thers callgh Veticen arola Sek 2g pie gy tee ibeorm callcl Gey, them Connectrel by Line Fegmenk callenlLy Tt. o o © ion Unol-recteo! Joph oltrecleot ov cragh Complete — 9 Gpaph cotth ove pair a its VeWes Connecheck y ae edge : Denye — A graph corde veLalively jew possthre eolqmn lssing | Spame— A Graph cote few olga, refalve by the rere 4 ib Vereen: Graph Tepresentalons' 1+ adjacency erabix | 2 adjacence, fests:ie ke ga ———!2_Which The element In the i row ene dhe ee alume iS ecual be | if there tsan eels. fons 1% Ventex bo. Ube 7% _Verlex J —__ Ihe ts po a be Calge -9.0graph, With Dp vertices. boolean matrix with ore sow ane! oh Loe And esualto Oo if | —_| i marx in. ye 7 As alesay Aymmebsc PLind= ALi _ Gh cedie J _ a@al|oo!l1oa0 | bl o.o T oo7 - clT T 6 0 TO “ab r o- 0 0-tO6 i flo o | 1 oo] - tlo 1 0 0 10 4 Aeljaven 4 dh 9a va oli 5 2_ealection Ly x vertex thal very i bo _the = List! Vvenlex. - aloc—d i> abe en => eo (St sd ar A= sabe : i | eh ersya b's Apone, the adj ocer last aera we us pate (han Bre Conreponding ads reals dirptte Lhe erbo, oer chad palo a the Bo hiod Mish s- a Lweighbea graph = 12.0. graph tu eee - . +{asegeae_in fb edo, + These rusrohors ane cabled ahs or Cosbs : — —P_pode_fporn Veber to Venter ay 0 Graph : G__Can be cep a i Make thet Alot i = oak i ve. uy all / Verba _4 a path an dikret, the path is Aad b > he. 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