Important Questions for CBSE Class 11

Maths
Chapter 6 – Linear Inequalities

1 Mark Question

3x  4 x  1
1. Solve  1 .
2 4

Ans: Rewrite the given inequality.

3x  4 x  1 1
 
2 4 1
3x  4 x  1  4

2 4
3x  4 x  3

2 4

Multiply the left-hand side with 2 and the right-hand side by 4.

2  3 x  4    x  3
6x  8  x  3

Subtract x from both sides. Further, add 8 to both sides.

6x  8  x  8  x  3  x  8
5x  5

Divide both sides by 5.

x 1

Hence, the solution set is 1,   .

2. Solve 3x  8  2 when x is a real number.

Ans: Given, 3x  8  2 .
Subtract 2 from both sides.
3x  8  8  2  8
3x  6

Divide both parts of the inequality by 3.

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 3 x 6

3 3
x  2

Hence, the solution set is  2,   .

x 5x  2 7 x  3
3. Solve the inequality   .
4 3 5
x 5x  2 7 x  3
Ans: Given,   .
4 3 5

Take LCM of the terms at the right-hand side of the inequality.

x 5  5 x  2   3  7 x  3

4 15
x 25 x  10  21x  9

4 15
x 4x  1

4 15

Cross-multiply the terms.

15 x  4  4 x  1
15 x  16 x  4

Subtract 16x from both sides.

15 x  16 x  16 x  4  16 x
 x  4
x4

Hence, the solution set is  4,   .

4. If 4x  16 , then x  4 .
Ans: Divide both sides of the inequality, 4x  16 by 4.
4 x 16

4 4
x  4

Hence, the solution set is  4,   .

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 1  3x  1
5. Solve the inequality   4    x  6 .
2 5  3

1  3x  1
Ans: Given,   4    x  6 .
2 5  3

Solve the parenthesis.

3x x
2 2
10 3
x
Subtract 2 from both sides and add to both sides and take LCM.
3

3x x
  4
10 3
9 x  10 x
 4
30
x
 4
30

Multiply both sides by 30.

 x  4  30 
 x  120
x  120

Hence, the solution set is  ,120 .

6. Solution set of the inequalities 2x  1  3 and 3x  1  5 is.

Ans: Given, 2x  1  3 and 3x  1  5 .
Solve the equation, 2x  1  3 .
2x  1  1  3  1
2x  4
x2

Solve the equation, 3x  1  5 .

3x  1  5
3x  6
x  2

From both the solutions it is concluded that, 2  x  2 .

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Hence, the solution set is  2, 2 .

7. Solve 7x  3  5x  9 . Show the graph of the solution on the number line.

Ans: Given, 7x  3  5x  9 .
Subtract 5x and 3 from both sides.
7 x  3  5x  3  5x  5x  9  3
2x  6

Divide both sides by 2.

x3
The graph of the solution of the given inequality is represented by the red color in
the number line shown below.

2 x  1 3x  2 2  x
8. Solve the inequality,   .
3 4 5
2 x  1 3x  2 2  x
Ans: Given,   .
3 4 5

Take the LCM of the terms at the right-hand side.

2 x  1 5  3x  2   4  2  x 

3 20
2 x  1 15 x  10  8  4 x

3 20
2 x  1 19 x  18

3 20

Cross-multiply.
20  2 x  1  3 19 x  18 
40 x  20  57 x  54
40 x  57 x  54  20
17 x  34

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Divide both sides by 17 .
x2

Hence, the solution set is  , 2 .

9. Solve 5x  3  3x  1 when x is an integer.

Ans: Given, 5x  3  3x  1 .
Subtract 3x from both sides and add 3 to both sides.
5 x  3  3x  3  3x  1  3  3x
2x  4
x2

Hence, the solution set is ., 3, 2, 1,0,1, 2 .

10. Solve 30x  200 when x is a natural number

Ans: Given, 30x  200 .
Divide both sides by 30.
200
x
30
20
x
3

Hence, the solution set that satisfies the given inequality is 1, 2,3, 4,5,6 .

x 5x  2 7 x  3
11. Solve the inequality   .
2 3 5
x 5x  2 7 x  3
Ans: Given,   .
2 3 5

Take the LCM of the terms at the right-hand side.

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 x 5  5 x  2   3  7 x  3

2 15
x 25 x  10  21x  9

2 15
x 4x  1

2 15
Cross-multiply the terms.
15 x  2  4 x  1
15 x  8 x  2
15 x  8 x  2
7 x  2

Divide both sides by 7.

2
x
7

2
Hence, the solution set that satisfies the given inequality is  ,   .
 7 

12. Solve 5x  3  3x  1 where x is an integer.

Ans: Given, 5x  3  3x  1 .
Isolate the like terms to one side of the inequality.
5 x  3x  1  3
2x  4

Divide both sides by 2.

x2
Hence, when x is an integer the solutions of the given inequality are,
, 4, 3, 2, 1,0,1 .

4 Marks Questions

Refer to Page 6-12 for 4 Mark Questions in the PDF

1. Solve 3x  6  0 graphically.

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 Ans: The corresponding equality of the given inequality is 3x  6  0 .
Solve the equation, 3x  6  0 for x .
3x  6
x2
Now, find the region portioned by the inequality by substituting  0, 0  in
3x  6  0 .
30  6  0
6  0
Thus, the inequality is false.
Since the inequality is false then, the solution set will not include the portion of
x  2 which contains the origin.
The graph of the inequality 3x  6  0 is,

2. Ravi obtained 70 and 75 marks in the first unit test. Find the minimum
marks he should get in the third test to have an average of at least 60
marks.
Ans: Let the marks secured by Ravi be x .
According to the question,
70  75  x
 60
3
145  x
 60
3

Multiply the inequality obtained by 3.

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145  x  60  3
145  x  180

Subtract 145 from both sides.

x  180  145
x  35

The minimum marks he should score in the third test is 35.

3. Find all pairs of consecutive odd natural numbers both of which are
larger than 10 such that their sum is less than 40.
Ans: Let x and x  2 be consecutive odd natural number
Since the numbers are larger than 10, then, x  10 . Let this equation be 1 .

According to the question,

x   x  2   40
2 x  2  40

Subtract 2 from both sides.

2x  38

Divide both sides by 2.

x  19

Let this equation be  2 .

From 1 and  2 . The pairs obtained are,

11,13 , 13,15 , 15,17  , 17,19

Hence, the required pairs are 11,13 , 13,15 , 15,17  , and 17,19 .

4. A company manufactures cassettes and its cost equation for a week

C  300  1.5x and its revenue equation is R  2x , where x is the number of
cassettes sold in a week. How many cassettes must be sold by the company to
get some profit?
Ans: The profit equation is Profit  Revenue  Cost .
To get the profit, revenue should be more than the cost. Thus, R  C .

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Substitute R as 2x and C as 300  1.5x in the inequality, R  C .
2 x  300  1.5 x
2 x  1.5 x  300
0.5 x  300
Divide both sides by 0.5 .
300
x
0.5
x  600

5. The longest side of a  is 3 times the shortest side and the third side is 2
cm shorter than the longest side. If the perimeter of the  is at least 61 cm,
find the minimum length of the shortest side.
Ans: Let the length of the shortest side be x cm, the longest side be 3x cm and
the third side be  3x  2 cm.

According to the question,

 x    3x    3x  2   6
17 x  2  61
7 x  61  2
7 x  63

Divide both sides by 7.

x9

Hence, the shortest side is 9 cm.

6. In drilling the world's deepest hole, it was found that the temperature T
in degree Celsius, x km below the surface of the earth was given by
T  30  25  x  3 , 3  x  15 . At what depth will the temperature be between
200 C and 300 C.

Ans: Let x km be the depth where the temperature lies between 200 C and
300 C. Here, 200 C  T  300 C .

200  30  25  x  3  300
200  30  25 x  75  300
200  25 x  45  300

Solve the inequality.

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49 69
x
5 5
9.8  x  13.8

7. A man wants to cut three lengths from a single piece of board of length
91 cm. The second length is to be 3 cm longer than the shortest and the third
length is to be twice as long as the shortest. What are the possible lengths of
the shortest board if the third piece is to be at least 5 cm longer than the
second.
Ans: Let the length of the shortest piece be x cm, second piece be  x  3 cm
and the length of the third piece be 2x cm.
The total length of the piece is 91 cm. According to the question,
x   x  3  2 x  91
4 x  3  91
4 x  91  3
4 x  88
Divide both sides by 4.
88
x
4
x  22
Now, third piece should be at least 5 cm longer than the second. Hence,
2 x  5   x  3
2x  x  5  3
x8
From x  22 and x  8 ,
8  x  22
Hence, x  8, 22 .

8. The water acidity in a pool is considered normal when the average pH

reading of three daily measurements is between 7.2 and 7.8 . If the first pH
reading is 7.48 and 7.85 , find the range of pH value for the third reading
that will result in the acidity level being normal.
Ans: Let the third reading of the pH level be x . Then,
7.48  7.85  x
7.2   7.8
3
Multiply all the parts of the inequality by 3.
21.6  15.33  x  23.4
6.27  x  7.07

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9. A plumber can be paid under two schemes as given below.
I. Rs 600 and Rs 50 per hr.
II. Rs 170 per hr.
If the job takes n hour for what values of n does the scheme I gives the
plumber the better wages.
Ans: The total wage of the labour in scheme I is 600  50n and the total wage in
scheme II is 170n . According to the question,
600  50n  170n
50n  170n  600
120n  600
n5
Thus, for better wages the working hours should be less than 5 hours.

10. Solve the inequality 3x  4 y  12 graphically.

Ans: Given, 3x  4 y  12 .
The corresponding equality is 3x  4 y  12 .
The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 0 4
y 3 0

Put  0, 0  in the equation, 3x  4 y  12 .

3  0   4  0   12
0  12

The inequality is true. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of 3x  4 y  12 that contains the origin.

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11. Solve graphically x  y  0 .
Ans: Given, x  y  0 .
The corresponding equality is x  y  0 .
Thus, x  y . It will be the straight line passing through the origin.

Put 1,0  in inequality, x  y  0 .

1 0  0
1 0

The inequality is false. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of x  y that is away from the point 1,0  .

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12. Solve the inequality 3x  2 y  6 graphically.
Ans: Given, 3x  2 y  6 .
The corresponding equality is 3x  2 y  6 .
The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 0 2
y 3 0

Put  0, 0  in the equation, 3x  2 y  6 .

30  2 0  6
06

The inequality is false. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of 3x  2 y  6 that does not contain the point  0, 0  .

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6 Marks Questions

Refer to Page 13-18 for 6 Mark Questions in the PDF

MA
1. The IQ of a person is given by the formula IQ=  100 where MA
CA
is mental age and CA is chronological age. If 80  IQ  140 for a group of 12
year old children, find the range of their mental age.
Ans: Given, 80  IQ  140 .
MA
Substitute IQ as  100 .
CA
MA
80   100  140
CA
The chronological age, CA is 12 yr. Thus, substitute CA as 12.
MA
80   100  140
12
12
Multiply the inequality obtained by .
100

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 12 MA 12 12
80    100   140 
100 12 100 100
12 12
80   MA  140 
100 100
96 168
 MA 
100 10
9.6  MA  16.8
Hence, the required range is 9.6  MA  16.8 .

2. Solve graphically 4 x  3 y  60 , y  2 x , x  3 , x, y  0 .
Ans: The corresponding equality of 4 x  3 y  60 is 4 x  3 y  60 .
The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 0 15
y 20 0

Put  0, 0  in the equation, 4 x  3 y  60 .

4  0   3  0   60
0  60

The inequality is true. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of 3x  2 y  6 that contains the point  0, 0  .

The corresponding equality of y  2 x is y  2 x  0 .

The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
$x$ 0 20

$y$ 0 40

Put  0, 0  in the equation, y  2 x .

y  2x  0
00

The inequality is true. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of y  2 x  0 that contains the point  0, 0  .

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The corresponding equality of x  3 is x  3 .

Put  0, 0  in the equation, x  3 .

03

The inequality is false. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of x  3 that does not contain the point  0, 0  .

The graph of the inequalities is given below. The solution region is labeled as a
feasible region.

3. A manufacturer has 600 litre of a 12% sol. of acid. How many litres of a
30% acid sol. must be added to it so that the acid content in the resulting
mixture will be more than 15% but less than 18% .

Ans: Let x litres of 30% acid solution is required to be added in the mixture.
The inequality that shows that the acid content will be more than 15% is,

30% of x  12% of 600+15 % of  x  600  . Solve the inequality.

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 30 x 12 15
  600    x  600 
100 100 100
0.30 x  12  6  0.15   x  600 
0.30 x  12  6  0.15x  0.15  600
0.30 x  72  0.15x  90
0.15 x  18

Divide both sides by 0.15 .

x  120

The other inequality that shows the acid content will be less than 18% is,
30% of x  12% of 600  18% of  x  600  .

Solve the inequality.

30 x 12 18
  600    x  600 
100 100 100
0.30 x  12  6  0.18   x  600 
0.30 x  12  6  0.18x  0.18  600
0.30 x  72  0.18x  108
0.12 x  36

Divide both sides by 0.12 .

x  300

Hence, 120  x  300 .

4. Solve graphically x  2 y  3 , 3x  4 y  12 , x  0 , y  1 .
Ans: The corresponding equality of x  2 y  3 is x  2 y  3 .
The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 3 5
y 0 1

Substitute  0, 0  in the equation, x  2 y  3 .

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 0  2 0  3
03

The inequality is true. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of x  2 y  3 that contains the point  0, 0  .

The corresponding equality of 3x  4 y  12 is 3x  4 y  12 .

The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 0 4
y 3 0

Put  0, 0  in the equation, 3x  4 y  12 .

3  0   4  0   12
0  12

The inequality is false. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of 3x  4 y  12 that does not contain the point  0, 0  .

The corresponding equality of y  1 is y  1 .

Put  0, 0  in the equation, y  1 .

0 1

The inequality is false. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of y  1 that does not contain the point  0, 0  .

The graph of the inequalities is given below. The solution region is labeled as
feasible region.

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5. A solution of 8% boric acid is to be diluted by adding a 2% boric acid
sol. to it. The resulting mixture is to be more than 4% but less than 6%
boric acid. If we have 640 litres of the 8% solution how many litres of the
2% sol. will be added.

Ans: Let x litres of the 2% solution be added.

According to the question,

2% of x  8% of 640  4 % of  640  x 
2x 8 4
  640    640  x 
100 100 100
2 x  8  640  4  640  x 
2 x  5120  2560  4 x
Subtract 4x from both sides and then subtract 5120 from both sides.
2 x  4 x  2560  5120
2 x  2560
Divide both sides by 2 .
x  1280
Let this equation be 1 .
Now, the second inequality is
12% of x  8% of 640  6% of  640  x 

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.
2x 8 6
  640    640  x 
100 100 100
2 x  8  640  6  640  x 
2 x  5120  3840  6 x

Subtract 6x from both sides and then subtract 5120 from both sides.
4x  1280

Divide both sides by 4 .

x  320
Let this be inequality  2 .
From 1 and  2 .
320  x  1280
Hence, 320  x  1280 .

6. Solve graphically x  2 y  10 , x  y  1 , x  y  0 , x  0 , y  0 .

Ans: The corresponding equality of x  2 y  10 is x  2 y  10 .

The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 10 0
y 0 5

Substitute  0, 0  in the equation, x  2 y  10 .

0  2  0   10
0  10

The inequality is true. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of x  2 y  10 that contains the point  0, 0  .

The corresponding equality of x  y  1 is x  y  1 .

The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 0 1
y 1 0

Put  0, 0  in the equation, x  y  1 .

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 0  0  1
0 1

The inequality is false. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of x  y  1 that does not contain the point  0, 0  .

The corresponding equality of x  y  0 is x  y  0 . Thus, x  y . From the

equation, it can be seen that it is a straight line passing through the origin.

Put 1,0  in inequality, x  y  0 .

1 0  0
1 0

The inequality is false. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of x  y that is away from the point 1,0  .

7. How many litres of water will have to be added to 1125 litres of the 45%
sol. of acid sol. that the resulting mixture will contain more than 25% but
less than 30% acid content.

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Ans: Let x litres of water be added to 1125 litres of 45 acid sol. in the resulting
mixture.

According to the question, 45% of 1125  25% of  x  1125 and

45% of 1125  30% of  x  1125 .

Solve the inequality, 45% of 1125  25% of  x  1125 .

45 25
 1125    x  1125 
100 100
0.45  1125  0.25   x  1125 
506.25  0.25 x  281.25

Subtract 281.25 from both sides.

506.25  281.25  0.25 x
225  0.25 x

Divide both sides by 0.25 .

225
x
0.25
900  x

Solve the inequality, 45% of 1125  30% of  x  1125 .

45 30
 1125    x  1125 
100 100
0.45  1125  0.3  x  1125 
506.25  0.3 x  337.5

Subtract 337.5 from both sides.

506.25  337.5  0.3x
168.75  0.3x

Divide both sides by 0.25 .

168.75
x
0.3
562.3  x

From both the inequalities, 900  x  562.5 .

Hence, the required amount of water to be added is 900  x  562.5 .

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8. Solve graphically 3x  2 y  150 , x  4 y  80 , x  15 , y  0 , x  0 .
Ans: The corresponding equality of 3x  2 y  150 is 3x  2 y  150 .
The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 50 0
y 0 75

Substitute  0, 0  in the equation, 3x  2 y  150 .

3  0   2  0   150
0  150

The inequality is true. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of 3x  2 y  150 that contains the point  0, 0  .

The corresponding equality of x  4 y  80 is x  4 y  80 .

The two coordinates through which the line passes are,
x 0 80
y 20 0

Put  0, 0  in the equation, x  4 y  80 .

0  4  0   80
0  80

The inequality is true. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of x  4 y  80 that contains the point  0, 0  .

The corresponding equality of x  15 is x  15 .

Put  0, 0  in the equation, x  15 .

0  15

The inequality is true. Thus, the solution region of the given inequality will be
that portion of the graph of x  15 that contains the point  0, 0  .

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The graph of the inequalities is given below. The solution region is labelled as a
feasible region.

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