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Mass Balance Calculations

1. A solution containing 200 kg of water saturated with NaCl at 15°C will dissolve more NaCl when heated to 65°C, using the solubility data provided. 2. To dissolve 300 kg of CaCl2∙6H2O in solution, the necessary amount of a 62 kg CaCl2/100 kg water solution can be calculated using the solubility of CaCl2. 3. Given the initial moisture content of wet solids fed to a dryer and the final moisture content of the product, the mass of water removed and dry product obtained can be calculated.

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165 views3 pages

Mass Balance Calculations

1. A solution containing 200 kg of water saturated with NaCl at 15°C will dissolve more NaCl when heated to 65°C, using the solubility data provided. 2. To dissolve 300 kg of CaCl2∙6H2O in solution, the necessary amount of a 62 kg CaCl2/100 kg water solution can be calculated using the solubility of CaCl2. 3. Given the initial moisture content of wet solids fed to a dryer and the final moisture content of the product, the mass of water removed and dry product obtained can be calculated.

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Sipho
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Mass balance calculations

1. A solution of NaCl in water is saturated at 15 ° C. Calculate the amount of NaCl that can be
dissolved by 200 kg of this solution if heated to a temperature of 65 ° C.

Data: Solubility of NaCl at 15 ° C = 385 kg NaCl/ 1000kg water

Solubility of NaCl at 65 ° C = 372.65 kg NaCI / 1000 kg water

2. A solution of CaCl2 in water contains 62 kg of CaCl2 per 100 kg of water. Calculate the weight of
this solution necessary to dissolve 300 kg of CaCl2 .6H2O at 25 °C.

Solubility of CaCl2 at 25 ° C = 7.38 kgmol / 1000kg water

Molecular weight of CaCl2 = 111 g/mol

Molecular weight of CaCl2.6H2O = 219 g /mol

3. 2500 kg of wet solids containing 70% solids by weight are fed to tray dryer where it is dried by hot
air. The product finally obtained is found to contain 1% moisture by weight. Calculate:

(i) Amount (in kg) of water removed from wet solids

(ii) Amount (in kg) of product obtained.

4. Milk powder is produced in a spray dryer which evaporates all of liquid (H 2O). The operation is
shown in figure below.

Assuming inlet air contains no water. Calculate:

(i) Production rate of powdered milk

(ii) Molal flow rate of the inlet air.


5. It is required to make 100 kg of 30% NaOH solution by mixing the following liquids; 20% NaOH
solution and 36% NaOH solution. Calculate the quantities of the two solutions to be mixed.

6. A single effect evaporator is fed with 4000 kg/ h of weak liquor containing 17% caustic by weight
and is concentrated to get thick liquor containing 40% by weight caustic (NaOH). Calculate:

(i) Amount (in kg) of water evaporated and

(ii) Amount (in kg) of thick liquor obtained

7. An evaporator system concentrating a weak liquor from 10% to 50% solids, handles 200 kg of
solids per hour. If the same system is to concentrate a weak liquor from 5% to 40%, find the capacity
of the system in terms of solids that can be handled per hour assuming water evaporating capacity
to be same in both the cases.

8. In a contact process for H2SO4, a gas mixture of 8% (by volume) SO3 and rest inert is sent to an
absorption tower at the rate of 28 kgmol/ h where it is contacted with 97.3% H 2SO4 counter
currently fed from top of the tower. 98.5% SO 3 is absorbed to produce 98% (by weight) H2SO4. Part
of this solution is withdrawn as final product and the rest is mixed with 95.6% H 2SO4 coming from an
air drying tower to produce 97.3% H 2SO4, which is fed from top.

Calculate:

(i) Mass of 95.9% H2SO4 make up acid required per hour.

(ii) Mass of 97.3% H2SO4 fed from top of tower per hour.

(iii) Mass of 98% H2SO4 solution produced per hour.

(iv) Recycle ratio. Assume physical absorption.

9. A distillation column separates 10,000 kg/ h of a 50% Benzene and 50% Toluene mixture. The
product removed from the top of the column contains 95% Benzene and the bottom of the column
contains 96% Toluene. The vapour entering the condenser from the top of the column is 8000 kg/ h.
A portion of the product is returned to the column as reflux and the rest is withdrawn for use
elsewhere. Find the ratio of the amount reflux to the product withdrawn.

10. 250 kg of saturated solution of AgNO3 at 100 ° C is cooled to 20 ° C. The crystals are filtered out.
The wet filter cake contains 80% solid crystals and 20% saturated by mass, is sent to the dryer.
Calculate the amount of water that must be removed to get moisture free product. Also, calculate
the weight of dry AgNO3 obtained.

Solubility of AgNO3 at 100 ° C = 952 g /100g water

Solubility of AgNO3 at 20 ° C = 222 g / 100g water


11. Ammonia is produced by the following reaction. N 2 + 3H2 →2NH3 Calculate: (i) The molal flow
rate of hydrogen corresponding to nitrogen feed rate of 50 kgmol/ h if they are fed in stoichiometric
proportion. (ii) The amount of ammonia produced per hour if percentage conversion is 30 and
nitrogen feed rate is 50 kgmol/ h.

12. A combustion reactor is fed with 50 kgmol/ h of butane and 2500 kgmol/ h of air. Calculate the
percentage of excess (O2) air and composition of gases leaving the combustion reactor. Assume
complete combustion of butane.

13. In production of SO3, 50 kgmol of SO2 and 100 kgmol of O2 are fed to the reactor. The product
stream is found to contain 40 kgmol of SO 3. Determine the percentage conversion of SO 2.

14. A producer gas with composition by volume is as follows:

CO = 27.5%

CO2 = 5.3%

O2 = 0.7% and

N2 = 66.5%.

It is burnt with 20% excess air. If the combustion is 96% complete, calculate the composition by mole
of the flue gas.

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