Identify the pattern of idea development;

 Determine the use of general to particular pattern of idea development by using

appropriate grammatical signals; and
 Construct a paragraph using the general to particular pattern of idea development
using appropriate grammatical signals
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II
Schools Division of Isabela
NAGUILIAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Magsaysay, Naguilian

Detailed Lesson Plan

In
English 8
May ___, 2023

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
a. Define a paragraph;
b. Identify the essential parts of the paragraph; and
c. Compose an effective paragraph.

A. Content Standard
The learner demonstrates understanding of: South and West Asian literature as an expression of
philosophical and religious beliefs; information flow in various text types; reality, fantasy, and opinion in
listening and viewing materials; word decoding strategies; and use of information sources, active/passive
constructions, direct/reported speech, perfect tenses, and logical connectors in journalistic writing.

B. Performance Standard
The learner transfers learning by composing a variety of journalistic texts, the contents of which may be used
in composing and delivering a memorized oral speech featuring use of properly acknowledged information
sources, grammatical signals for opinion-making, persuasion, and emphasis, and appropriate prosodic
features, stance, and behavior.

C. Learning Competency
Compose effective paragraphs.

II. CONTENT
Topic: Composing an Effective Paragraph
Strategy: Learner-Centered Approach, Task-Based Approach

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

Materials: PowerPoint Presentation, Visual Aids, Worksheets
Reference: English Quarter 4 – Module 4: Composing an Effective Paragraph
Web sources:

IV. PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. PREPARATORY ACTIVITIES
a) Prayer
(The students pray.)
May I request everyone to please stand for a short Amen!
prayer?

b) Greetings
 Good morning, class!
Good morning, Ma’am!
Please be seated.
Thank you, Ma’am!
c) Checking of attendance

Is there anyone absent today?

None, Ma’am!
That’s good! Class secretary; please check the
attendance every time we meet.

B. Review of the Previous Lesson

Okay class what was our last lesson?

Last meeting we discussed about synthesis

What is synthesis? ma’am.

Synthesis is combining different aspects of your

ideas and research and the ideas of others in
order to produce new ideas.
What do you call to the method in synthesizing
essential information?
REST method ma’am.

Enumerate the steps in synthesizing essential

information.
Step 1: Organize your sources
Step 2: Outline your structure
Step 3: Write paragraphs with topic sentences
Step 4: Revise, edit and proofread
Do you still have any question regarding our
previous discussions that needs clarification before None, Ma’am.
we proceed to another lesson?

If none, then we shall proceed to our new lesson.

C. MOTIVATION
Do you love reading?
 What reading materials do you read?
.
Try to match column A with column B to find the appropriate
meaning of these sources.
AB
1. Artifacts 1. PARAGRAPH
a. It is a collection of various maps of the 2. SENTENCES
earth 3. TOPIC
2. Atlas b. It is a topically organized book 4. SUPPORTING
of reference on a certain field of 5. CONCLUDING
knowledge.
3. Diaries c. It is a book in which one keeps
a daily record of events and
experiences.
4. Dictionary d. They are shorter than books
and written about very specific
topic
5. Journal Articles e. a printed publication (usually
issued daily or weekly) consisting
of folded unstapled sheets and
containing news, feature articles,
Do you love reading?
 What reading materials do you read?
.
Try to match column A with column B to find the appropriate
meaning of these sources.
AB
1. Artifacts
a. It is a collection of various maps of the
earth
2. Atlas b. It is a topically organized book
of reference on a certain field of
knowledge.
3. Diaries c. It is a book in which one keeps
a daily record of events and
experiences.
4. Dictionary d. They are shorter than books
and written about very specific
topic
5. Journal Articles e. a printed publication (usually
issued daily or weekly) consisting
of folded unstapled sheets and
containing news, feature articles,
Do you love reading?
 What reading materials do you read?
.
Try to match column A with column B to find the appropriate
meaning of these sources.
AB
1. Artifacts
a. It is a collection of various maps of the
earth
2. Atlas b. It is a topically organized book
of reference on a certain field of
knowledge.
3. Diaries c. It is a book in which one keeps
a daily record of events and
experiences.
4. Dictionary d. They are shorter than books
and written about very specific
topic
5. Journal Articles e. a printed publication (usually
issued daily or weekly) consisting
of folded unstapled sheets and
containing news, feature articles,

Activity: “Arrange Me”

Directions: Your task is to arrange the jumbled

letters.
Activity 1: Lemonade!
Directions: The following sentences in the box are not in their
proper order.
Rearrange them to make a paragraph. Then give it a good title.
Start
with the sentence – It is enjoyable to make lemonade, even though
it
is easy to buy it at the store. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of
paper.
1. GPRARAPHA
2. NESETENCS
3. COPTI
4. GTUIPPSORN
5. UCCOGNLDIN

D. PRESENTATION OF THE LESSON

Activity 1: Lemonade! (students answer)

 Directions: The following sentences in the box are It is enjoyable to make lemonade, even though it
not in their proper order. Rearrange them to make a is easy to buy it at the store. First, slice the
paragraph. Then give it a good title. Start with the lemons in half; squeeze the lemon to get the juice
sentence – It is enjoyable to make lemonade, out. Next, put some water in a pitcher and add the
even though it is easy to buy it at the store. lemon juice. Then, add some sugar and stir it.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Finally, pour it in a cup, add a straw and enjoy.

 Then, add some sugar and stir it.

 Next, put some water in a pitcher and add
the lemon juice.
 Finally, pour it in a cup, add a straw and
enjoy.
 First, slice the lemons in half, squeeze the
lemon to get the juice out.
Finally, pour it in a
cup, add a straw and
enjoy.

How did you find the activity?

How were you able to arrange the sentences to

form a paragraph?

E. LESSON PROPER

Based on the dialogue and the paragraph that you

have read, it is just to say that today we will be
studying synthesizing information.

Before we proceed to our discussion, let me just

show you the objective of our lesson this morning.

(The teacher presents the objectives.)

So, our topic for today is all about synthesizing

information.

Let’s first define what is a Paragraph?

“In its simplest and most basic form, a paragraph is a group of

sentences about
one topic. Paragraphs are the fundamental building blocks of texts.
Their purpose
is to inform, give an opinion, state facts or explain. An effective
paragraph is logical
and well-structured and clear” (Courtald, 2008).
A paragraph is a unit of composition that establishes oneness
because it
develops a central and main idea on its structure. The entire
paragraph must be
unified on its structure and all sentences within the paragraph
should focus on the
topic sentence.
What are the Parts of a Paragraph?

A paragraph is a group of sentences about one

topic. Paragraphs are the fundamental building
blocks of texts. Their purpose is to inform, give an
opinion, state facts or explain. An effective
paragraph is logical and well-structured and clear”
(Courtald, 2008).
A paragraph is a unit of composition that
establishes oneness because it develops a central
and main idea on its structure. The entire paragraph
must be unified on its structure and all sentences
within the paragraph should focus on the topic
sentence.

Structure of a Paragraph Structure is vital in

paragraph writing. It is an arrangement of sentences
within a paragraph.

An effective paragraph starts with the topic

sentence, the details which compose of three (3) to
five (5) or more sentences and then the closing
sentence.

1. Topic Sentence- presents the topic of the

paragraph. It will serve as a guide for the writer to
keep his or her writing under control. This is why, a
topic sentence is called the "controlling idea" of a
paragraph

Below is an example of a topic sentence.

There are three reasons why I prefer walking to

other physical activities.

The sentence above shows that the topic is about

walking. It will guide the writer to focus only on the
reasons why he or she prefers walking to other
physical activities.

2. Supporting Sentences- serve as the body of

your paragraph. This is where you elaborate your
topic by including specific details or evidences. All
of the sentences in the body must relate to the topic
sentence. These sentences should be organized
accordingly through the use of transitional devices.
Below is an example of supporting sentences.

Example of supporting sentences.

One reason is that walking can be done easily. I can
do it anywhere at any time with no need for any
equipment. Also, I prefer walking because it is good
for the heart. I don’t have to do much effort while
walking. Lastly, I prefer this physical activity
because it is safe. It is not as risky as other physical
activities like swimming, racing or biking.

The sentences above are supporting sentences

elaborating the topic sentence which is about the
reasons why the writer prefers walking to the other
physical activities. The sentences are connected by
using the transitional devices of addition such as:
one, also, and lastly.

6. Concluding Sentence- restates what the topic

of the paragraph is all about. It comes after all
the details have been included in the body of
the paragraph. The box below contains the list
of transitional devices used in concluding
sentences.
 Strategies for Ending a Paragraph
1. Restate the main idea using different words.
2. Summarize the paragraph.
3. Add an insight about the main idea
4. Express how you feel about the subject.

Avoid making your concluding sentence too

repetitive or oversimplified. The following
paragraph, for example, has a strong ending and
creates more meaning to the paragraph as a whole.

Conclusion: thus, hence, indeed, finally, therefore,

consequently, in conclusion, to conclude, as a
result, in the end, and for all these reasons
Summary: so, accordingly, briefly, in brief, in sum,
summing up, in summary, to sum up, as can be
seen, given this point, and to summarize

Example of a concluding sentence

For all these reasons, I consider walking the best

physical activity of all.

The sentence above is the concluding sentence

showing the conclusion how the speaker feels about
walking. It uses the transitional device for all these
reasons.

Below is an example of a complete paragraph with

its essential parts.

There are three reasons why I prefer walking to

other physical activities.

One reason is that walking can be done easily. I can

do it anywhere at any time with no need for any
equipment. Also, I prefer walking because it is good
for the heart. I don’t have to do much effort while
walking.

Lastly, I prefer this physical activity because it is

safe. It is not as risky as other physical activities like
swimming, racing or biking For all these reasons, I
consider walking the best physical activity of all.

What are the Principles in Writing a Paragraph?

For a paragraph to be effective, the following

principles must be observed.

 Unity means that all sentences in the paragraph talk

about one central idea. This means that the writer
will deal only with one topic. It is important because it
guides the writer with his or her idea.

Example: Apples make us healthy. They are rich in

fiber that reduces the risk of cardiovascular
diseases. They also have vitamin C that boosts the
immune system and helps defend the body from
infections and diseases. Lactobacilli, a type of
probiotic that is good for digestion, is another
component present in apples. In addition, apples
 have potassium that reduces the risk of high blood
pressure and cardiovascular complications. Indeed,
apples are nutritious and good for our health.

The paragraph above has unity. It only tackles one

topic which is ‘Apples make us healthy.’ With this,
the supporting sentences talk about the healthy
components of apples. Then, the concluding
sentence emphasizes the main idea of the topic
sentence by restating that apples are nutritious and
good for our health.

 Coherence refers to the connection of ideas in the

paragraph in general. The idea in the topic sentence,
as well as in the supporting sentences and
concluding sentence, is connected to each other
through the use of transitional devices.

Example
Apples make us healthy. They are rich in fiber that
reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. They
also have vitamin C that boosts the immune system
and helps defend the body from infections and
diseases. Lactobacilli, a type of probiotic that is
good for digestion, is another component present in
apples. In addition, apples have potassium that
reduces the risk of high blood pressure and
cardiovascular complications. Indeed, apples are
nutritious and good for our health.

The paragraph above has coherence. The

sentences are connected to each other through the
use of the underlined transitional devices.

 Development refers to the principle when a

paragraph describes, elaborates, explains, and
supports its topic sentence. A paragraph is
considered adequately developed if after reading it,
the reader is left with no questions.

Example
Apples make us healthy. They are rich in fiber that
reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. They
also have vitamin C that boosts the immune system
and helps defend the body from infections and
diseases. Lactobacilli, a type of probiotic that is
good for digestion, is another component present in
apples. In addition, apples have potassium that
reduces the risk of high blood pressure and
cardiovascular complications. Indeed, apples are
nutritious and good for our health.

The paragraph above applies the principle of

development. The topic sentence which is ‘Apples
make us healthy’ is elaborated with facts. These
facts are presented in the supporting sentences.
Also, the concluding sentence supports the topic
sentence by restating that apples are nutritious and
good for our health.

F. GENERALIZATION

Let’s see if you really understand our topic.

 What is paragraph? Paragraph is a group of sentences about one
topic.

Enumerate the parts of paragraph? There are three parts of paragraph namely: topic
sentence, supporting sentences, and concluding
sentence.

Topic sentence states the main idea of the

What is topic sentence? paragraph.
Supporting details explain the topic sentence by
giving specific details,
What is supporting sentences? facts, examples, or reasons.

Supporting details explain the topic sentence by

giving specific details, facts, examples, or
What is concluding sentence? reasons.

A one- paragraph composition often needs a

concluding sentence to summarize the ideas
presented in the paragraph. A concluding
Excellent class!
sentence recalls the main idea and adds a strong
ending to a paragraph.

G. APPLICATION
Now let’s have an activity.
Directions: Based on the paragraphs below, identify the
essential parts of the paragraph and write them on their
corresponding boxes. Do this on a separate sheet of paper.

I really love writing poems. It allows me to express my thoughts.

Also, it enables me to explore my wide imagination. I enjoy thinking
of words that rhyme together. It really makes me happy. That is
why writing a poem is my passion.

Leptospirosis can be deadly. It is a bacterial infection that usually

comes from the urine of rats, dogs, and farm animals.
Leptospirosis infection to persons rarely lasts for more than a
week. However, if the person gets a severe form infection, he or
she must be hospitalized for it could lead to serious conditions like
chest pain, shortness of breath, kidney damage, meningitis, liver
failure, and even death. Without proper treatment, leptospirosis
can lead to loss of life.

V. EVALUATION
Directions: Read and analyze the paragraph below. Using the guide question make a paragraph about
preserving our environment. Your paragraph will be graded according to the criteria set in the rubrics provided.

One of the environmental issues faced by many countries around the world is land pollution. Land pollution is the
contamination and destruction of the earth’s land surfaces due to human activities and misuse of land resources.
There are many factors that contributed to this problem. One of the factors is when humans apply toxic chemicals
such as insecticides, pesticides, and herbicides affecting the fertility and productivity of the soil. Another factor is
the improper disposal of plastic wastes and garbage. Dumped garbage releases toxic gases that are harmful to
humans as well as to the land surfaces. Factories cause land pollution too because they produce chemicals and
toxic waste products which are damaging to the soil. Also, exploitation of minerals through mining has
contributed to the contamination of the land. To sum up, these are the different factors that contributed to land
pollution.

 What do you think is the condition of our environment nowadays?

 How can you contribute to solve this problem?

Preserving the Environment

VI. ASSIGNMENT
Give the definitions of the following words:
1. Narration
2. Description
3. Process
4. Exemplification
5. Comparison/Contrast
6. Definition
7. Classification
8. Cause and Effect

PREPARED BY:

MARIDEL B. DIAMSAY
Student-Teacher

CHECKED BY:

CYNTHIA R. CARO
Cooperating Teacher