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Applications of Capacitors Electrical

Capacitors have several important applications including energy storage, smoothing power supplies, and decoupling circuits. They can store electrical energy for use in flashes, audio equipment, and lasers. Capacitors smooth rectified current in power supplies and filter voltage fluctuations. As decoupling capacitors, they isolate digital circuits from analog noise and stabilize power supplies. Large capacitor banks are also used as pulse power sources for weapons, particle accelerators, and fusion research. Capacitors can function as oscillators by controlling oscillation frequencies in circuits. Proper use and discharge of capacitors is important for safety.

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346 views7 pages

Applications of Capacitors Electrical

Capacitors have several important applications including energy storage, smoothing power supplies, and decoupling circuits. They can store electrical energy for use in flashes, audio equipment, and lasers. Capacitors smooth rectified current in power supplies and filter voltage fluctuations. As decoupling capacitors, they isolate digital circuits from analog noise and stabilize power supplies. Large capacitor banks are also used as pulse power sources for weapons, particle accelerators, and fusion research. Capacitors can function as oscillators by controlling oscillation frequencies in circuits. Proper use and discharge of capacitors is important for safety.

Uploaded by

Charuka
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Applications of capacitors

Capacitors are very important and essential components for the


electronic circuits. Capacitors can be introduced as a temporary small
energy warehouse. Hence we must know process of the capacitor and
there applications. Hence we will discuss main applications of capacitors
and there uses

 Energy storage
Most important application of capacitors is energy stor process. when we
connect it to the dc current circuit ,capacitors will store electrical energy
for there plates. Value of the energy
depends on the amount of charge in plates.
That energy measure in joules. The internal
resistance of the capacitors is very small.
Therefor stored energy can be quickly
released from the capacitor. This process is
very useful to system that generate large
load of spikes. Some cases batteries can
not provide the enough current. In such
cases capacitors are used to as addition
batteries. Therefor many applications which
use capacitors as energy sources.
Xenon flash tube in electronic camera flashes use capacitors as energy
sources. Before the shot is taken capacitors are charged few hundred
volts using the charging circuit inside the camera. After that when the
shutter button is pressed on the camera the capacitors is suddenly
discharged through the tube creating a very short current throb. After
that it takes some times for recharge again. Hence capacitors can be use
as a energy sources.
Many applications use capacitors as energy sources . audio equipment
magnetic coils and lasers and many electronic device use this method.
The new technology can make double layer capacitors they called
supercapacitors. supercapacitors have extremely high capacitance.
Therefor it can store more energy. This concept is very useful to
automotive industry for make electric cars.

 smoothing
Capacitors are very important components for process such as
converting alternative current to direct current. Four diodes are used in
the process of converting alternating current to direct current and the
current received is not smooth. It can be show using this chart.
Therefor we can fix a capacitor parallel to the resistor to solve this
problem.
After smoothing , the alternative current changes completely to the
direct current. The smooth capacitor is also known as the filter capacitor,
which converts the rectifier's half-wave / full-wave output into smooth
DC. Power rating and capacitance should be considered when selecting a
smoothing capacitor. Capacitor smoothing is used for most power
supplies, whether it is a linear power supply, switch mode power supply,
smooth and regulated type power supply. However, the smoothing
capacitor is an essential component for full-wave rectification. . forThis
circuit is found in many of the electrical devices we use everyday. power
packs, phone and computer chargers, power banks, power suppliers are
the some of examples for that. Therefor we must know this application
of the capacitor is very essential thing.
.

 Decoupling application

When designing circuits, most engineers obtain a stable and well-


regulated power supply by checking that their circuits are not
working properly even after testing or assembling has already been
completed. Analog circuits such as audio amplifiers and radios can
produce external noise, which can make digital circuits, such as
microcontrollers, unstable and unpredictable. This low activity can
be controlled using a capacitor. Disconnecting capacitor is like a
local energy reservoir. Capacitors take time to charge and
discharge. When capacitors are used as disconnection capacitors,
they react against sudden changes in voltage. In the event of a
sudden drop in input voltage, the capacitor provides the power
needed to maintain the voltage . Further, if there is an increase in
voltage, the capacitor absorbs the excess energy. Disconnection
capacitors are used to filter voltage as well as to pass current only
through the DC component. That is, a capacitor can be used
inactive and the DC signal is made as smooth as possible by
absorbing sound. Therefore, disconnecting capacitors are also
called bypass capacitors. These capacitors can be thought of as
small uninterruptible power supplies separated by a single circuit
board or a single element on a board. Practically no single
capacitor is used for every integrated circuit used. In digital
systems, almost all the capacitors on the board can be used as
disconnectors. Noise emitted from logic circuits or other devices in
digital circuits contaminates the power source. Power supply
disconnection capacitors play two roles: protecting the power
source from electrical noise generated in the circuit and protecting
the circuit from electrical noise generated by other devices
connected to the same power . Many audio and musically devices
are using this method.
 Weapons and pulsed power technology

Large, specially constructed, low-inductance high-voltage capacitor


(capacitor bank) groups are used to supply large current pulses to power
applications in industries such as arms manufacturing. These capacitor
banks contribute to electromagnetic fabrication, Marx generators, pulse
lasers (especially TAA lasers), pulse formation networks, fusion
research, and particle accelerators. In the arms industry, these large
capacitor banks (reservoirs) are used as energy sources for explosive
bridges wire detonators or slap detonators for nuclear weapons and other
specialized weapons. Capacitor banks are being used as an energy
source for electromagnetic armor and electromagnetic railguns or
coilguns.

 Oscillators
Another important advantage of a capacitor is that it can be used as a
oscillator. A capacitor has the properties of a spring in an oscillating
circuit. A capacitor affects the bipolar voltage at the transistor base in an
oscillating circuit. It controls the oscillation frequency by combining the
resistance values of the voltage divider resistors and the capacitance
value of the capacitor.

 A capacitor can retain charge even after a long period of time


has elapsed since power is removed from a circuit. This charge
can cause dangerous or even damage to connected equipment.
Therefore, it is important to be aware of the applications of
capacitors as well as the potential dangers of using them.

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