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Assignment 3

Paint is a mixture of solids like resins, pigments, and additives, and liquids that act as solvents. Resins adhere all components and harden the paint, while solvents give paint fluidity and dissolve resins. Pigments provide color and properties. Additives in low amounts improve qualities. Resins can be convertible and non-convertible, with convertible resins polymerizing once applied and considered better. Solvents evaporate after application and their selection considers compatibility. Pigments provide color through light absorption. Additives enhance qualities like thickening and anti-settling. Understanding paint components is useful for chemical engineers and hobbyists.

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54 views

Assignment 3

Paint is a mixture of solids like resins, pigments, and additives, and liquids that act as solvents. Resins adhere all components and harden the paint, while solvents give paint fluidity and dissolve resins. Pigments provide color and properties. Additives in low amounts improve qualities. Resins can be convertible and non-convertible, with convertible resins polymerizing once applied and considered better. Solvents evaporate after application and their selection considers compatibility. Pigments provide color through light absorption. Additives enhance qualities like thickening and anti-settling. Understanding paint components is useful for chemical engineers and hobbyists.

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Tony Trox
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Torres Ayala Antonio English IV

137442 November 6th, 2022

ASSIGNMENT 3

Title: Paints: Components and their functions

Author: By Antonio Torres Ayala

Introduction:

Paint is a mixture of various components among which we can find solids such as resins,
pigments, additives, and liquids that will act as solvents [1]. The solvent-resin mixture is
often called the “vehicle”. Resins adhere to all components of the paint and can set or harden
through physical processes while solvent’s function is to give fluidity to the paint to facilitate
its application, it dissolves the resin and the rest of the components of the paint. Pigments are
solid particles that are dispersed in the paint, providing color and other useful properties.
Finally, they are substances that despite being in low percentages, contribute with a great
effect to the improvement of paint properties.
Development:
The resins are used as binding agents. The “vehicle” mixture is responsible for the formation
of the thin adherent coating. This component gives "identity" to the paint depending on the
specific resin used. Resins are classified depending on their properties as convertible and
non-convertible [1].
 Convertible binder resins are partially polymerized when the mixture is made, and
finish polymerizing by forming the paint film once it is applied to a surface.
Polyurethane, epoxy resin and thermosetting acrylics are examples of this type of
resin.
 Non-convertible resins are completely polymerized, as is the case with nitrocellulose
and cellulose.
-Convertible resins are considered better in many aspects instead of non-convertible binder
resins.
The reason why non-convertible resins are less used according to Abdullah [2], is
because there is still not enough research on the application of plant-derived polymers such
as cellulose to make industrial or aesthetic coatings.
However, the author in [3] defends and it is pointed out that cellulose-based coatings are
being experimented with for the construction industry, demonstrating the potential of these
resins.
Solvents are not found in the final finish as they evaporate after the paint is applied. It is
important to remember that “Like dissolves like”, considering the nature of the solvent, cost,
safety, and compatibility with the paint formulation [2] will also make it easier for us to select
solvents. Solvents can be classified according to their chemical structure and operating
principle as a result of a wide variety of resins that require different solvents depending on
their chemical nature or application.
The evaporation speed is a very important factor when choosing solvents [2] since it will
define whether our solvent will act as a retarder (it will reduce the drying speed), or on the
contrary, it will accelerate the application of the paint layers by having a high rate of
evaporation.
Pigments are solid particles that are dispersed in the paint, providing opacity, durability,
mechanical resistance, the ability to cover the paint, and mainly give the color [2]. The color
of pigments is determined by the selective absorption and reflection of the various
wavelengths of visible light incident on it [1]. Pigments in some cases provide protection
against corrosion to metallic substrates too.
They can be classified into organic (for decorative paints, derivatives of toluene, benzene,
and naphthalene) and inorganic (for protective paints; they are metallic/inorganic oxides such
as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, etc.).
Additives are substances in low percentages that improve paint properties. They can be
thickening, drying, anti-leathering, anti-foaming, anti-settling, anti-skinning, anti-sagging,
light stabilizers, dryers, and adhesive promoters, etc.
A painting can contain different types of additives while they act together providing some of
these characteristics. Another function of additives is to reduce costs by increasing the
profitability of the paint.

Conclusion:

Understanding the main elements that conform to paint is very useful for chemical engineers
who want to dedicate themselves to the coatings industry. However, knowing this
information can also be useful for hobbyists or people interested in understanding how and
why paints work. It is important to remember and recognize that the main elements of a
painting are the solvent, the resin, the pigments, and additives as well as the usefulness of
each one in the final mixture.

APA references:

[1] Tadros, T. F. (2018, May 22). Agrochemicals, Paints and Coatings and Food Colloids.

Gruyter.
[2] Abdullah Youssef, Abdal-Rhman. (2019). Paints Industry: Raw materials & unit operations &
Equipment & Manufacturing & Quality tests. 10.13140/RG.2.2.22793.60007.

[3] Fibras de celulosa para pinturas y recubrimientos. (n.d.). Qpros. Retrieved 6 November 2022,
from https://qpros.co/fibras-de-celulosa-para-pinturas-y-recubrimientos/

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