DATA SUFFICIENCY

Data Sufficiency is a very important part of almost all the competitive exams, so you cannot take the
risk of skipping it. Data Sufficiency uses direct and indirect knowledge of Mathematical concepts.
Data Sufficiency means you need to check whether the data given in the two statements is sufficient
to answer the question asked or not. You need to find a unique answer to the question asked. But
again we should remember we are asked not to solve the problem but to check which statement we
need to solve the problem

Tips to Solve Data Sufficiency Questions

1. These types of questions consists of problems on any reasoning topics like blood relation, coding-
decoding, direction test, ranking, seating arrangement, etc. followed by statements containing clues to
solve the question

given problem
3. We have to make sure whether the question can be solved with the help of information provided in
the 1ststatement or 2nd statement or together in the 1st and the 2nd statement
4. We are not supposed to assume anything beyond the information given in the question and the
following statements
Now we are going to understand the concept of data sufficiency with the help of some examples.

For the below examples using the data given in statements choose the option
A] if Statement (i) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (ii) alone is not sufficient.
B] if Statement (ii) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (i) alone is not sufficient.
C] if BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
D] if EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E] if Statements (i) and (ii) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.

Example 1:

May

Solution:
correctly remembered by his mother to be between 12th and 14th May i.e.,13th May.
birth date as it can be any day between 10th and
15thmay. Therefore, statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement
II alone are not sufficient to answer the question. Therefore, answer is A.

Example 2: How is A related to B?

Statement: I. B and C are children of D who is wife of A

Solution: From statement I alone we can deduce that B is the child of D who is the wife of A.

answer the question. Therefore, answer is C.

Example 3: What is the value of x?
A. x2 = 64 B. x3 = 512
Solution: Following the steps mentioned earlier, we see that statement A is not sufficient to answer
the question as from statement A; we get 2 values of x as - 8 and + 8. Statement B alone are sufficient
to answer the question as we get x = 8. Therefore, answer is B.

Example 4: What is the value of integer x^2- y^2?

Statements: i) x y = 0
ii) x + y = 3
In this problem in first statement x y = 0 which makes x^2- y^2 also zero. Hence only first statement
is sufficient to answer the above problem.
In second statement x + y = 3 but still value of x y is required and hence second statement alone is
not sufficient to solve the problem. Option A is correct.
 LEVEL I

Directions to Solve (1-20):

In each of the questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II given
below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the
question. Read both the statements and
Give answer
A] If the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II
alone are not sufficient to answer the question
B] If the data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I
alone are not sufficient to answer the question
C] If the data either in statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question
D] If the data given in both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question and
E] If the data in both statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

1. In a certain code '13' means 'stop smoking' and '59' means 'injurious habit'. What is the meaning of
'9' and '5' respectively in that code?
I. '157' means 'stop bad habit'.
II. '839' means 'smoking is injurious'.

2. When is Manoj's birthday this year?

I. It is between January 13 and 15, January 13 being Wednesday.
II. It is not on Friday.

3. What is Reena's rank in the class?

I. There are 26 students in the class.
II. There are 9 students who have scored less than Reena.

4. On which day in January, Subhash left for Germany?

I. Subhash has so far spent 10 years in Germany.
II. Subhash friend Anil left for Germany on 15th February and joined Subhash 20 days after Subhash
arrival.

5. In which year was Rahul born?

I. Rahul at present is 25 years younger to his mother.
II. Rahul's brother, who was born in 1964, is 35 years younger to his mother.

6. Manoj, Prabhakar, Mask and Kamal are four friends. Who among them is the heaviest ''
I. Prabhakar is heavier than Manoj and Kamal but lighter than Akash.
II.Manoj is lighter than Prabhakar and Mask but heavier than Kamal.

7. What will be the total weight of 10 poles each of the same weight?
I. One-fourth of the weight of a pole is 5 kilograms.
II. The total weight of three poles is 20 kilograms more than the total weight of two poles.
8. How many visitors saw the exhibition yesterday?
I. Each entry pass holder can take up to three persons with him/her.
II. In all, 243 passes were sold yesterday

9. Is Arun taller than Sachin?

I. Dinesh is of the same height as Arun and Sachin.
II. Sachin is not shorter than Dinesh.

10. Vipin's and Javed's salaries are in the proportion of 4 : 3 respectively. What is Vipin's salary?
I. Javed's salary is 75% that of Vipin's salary.
II. Javed's salary is Rs 4500.

11. In a certain code language, '297' means 'tie clip button'. Which number means 'button'?
I. In that language '926' means 'clip your tie'.
II. In that language '175' means 'hole and button'.

12. In the last month the company decided to increase the cost of its mixer by 10 percent. What is the
present price of the mixer?
I. The cost of mixer and juicer together was Rs 2850 a month ago.
II. The amount of 10% increase on the mixer comes to Rs 220.

13. In a certain language, 'pit nac mit' means 'red pant shirt'. Which word means 'pant' in that
language?
I. 'mit tim nac sir' means 'he wore red pant'.
II. 'nee jic pit' means 'shirt is dirty'.

14. Rohit, 'Kajal, Tanmay and Suman are four friends. Who is the oldest among them?
I. The total age of Kajol and Tanmay together is more than that of Suman.
II. The total age of Rohit and Kajol together is less than that of Suntan.

15. How many new year's greeting cards were sold this year in your shop?
I. Last year 2935 cards were sold.
II. The number of cards sold this year was 1.2 times that of last year

16. Who is C's partner in a game of cards involving four players A. B, C and D?
I. D is sitting opposite to A.
II. B is sitting right of A and left of D.

17. What time did the train leave today?

I. The train normally leaves on time.
II. The scheduled departure is at 14 : 30.

18. How is D related to A?

I. B is the brother of A.
II. B is D's son.
19. In what proportion would Raj, Karan and Altaf distribute profit among them?
I. Raj gets two-fifth of the profit.
II. Karim and Altaf have made 75% of the total investment.

20. On which day in April is Gautam's birthday?

I. Gautam was born exactly 28 years after his mother was born.
II. His mother will be 55 years 4 months and 5 days on August 18 this year.

LEVEL II

Directions (1-5): Each of the questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I
and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to
answer the question. Read both the statements and give answer
A] if the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II
alone are not sufficient to answer the question.
B] if the data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I
alone are not sufficient to answer the question.
C] if the data either in statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.
D] if the data in both statement I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.
E] if the data in both statement I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

1. How is T related to W?
I. P is brother of M and father of T. M is the son of W.
II. M is father of S. V is grandmother of S.

2. Among A, B, C, D, E and F all of different weight, who is second lightest?

I. F is heavier than D but lighter than A.
II. D is heavier than C and E. A is not heaviest.

3. What is code of Red?

I. "Red and brown dog "is coded as-
II." Only brown red eye" is coded as-

4. How is P related to X?
I. X is father of E who is sister of P.
II. A is son of X who is father of B. X has three son and one daughter.

5. V, W, X, Y and Z are sitting in a row. If Y is sitting middle of the row, who is sitting extreme left?
(All are facing north.)
I. Z is sitting immediate right of Y, but on the left of W. X does not sit any of the extreme end of line.
II. X always sits at either of the extreme ends. Neither Y nor W is an immediate neighbour of X.

Directions (6-10): Each of the questions below consist of a question and two statements numbered I
and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to
answer the question. Read both the statements and give answer
A] if the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II
alone are not sufficient to answer the question.
B] if the data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I
alone are not sufficient to answer the question.
C] if the data either in statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.
D] if the data in both statement I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.
E] if the data in both statement I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

6. I, K, L, M, N and P are sitting in a straight line facing north. Who sits at the extreme right end of
the line?
I. N sits to the immediate right of P, who is second to left of L.
II. There are two persons between I and P.

7. On which date college festival was celebrated?

I. The college festival was celebrated on or after 3rd June.
II. The college festival was celebrated on 25th foundation day.

8. How is V related to T ?
I. N is son of V, who is father in law of P.
II. Q is daughter of T and wife of P.

9. How far is point R from point T?

I. R is 5m north of M. U is 4m east of R. T is west of R such that such that U, R and T form a straight
line of 6m.
II. Z is south of T. U is 6m east of T. M is 2m east of Z. R is 5m north of M. R lies on the line formed
by joining points T and U.

10. How many people are standing in a straight line (all are facing towards north direction)?
I. R stands third from left end of the line. Only one person stands between R and U. V stand second to
right of U. V stand at one of the extreme end of the line.
II. M stands at exactly center of the line. Only two persons stand between M and J. Only three persons
stand between J and U. Only one person stands between U and V.

Directions (11-20): Each of the following questions below consists of a question and two statements
numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are
sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and give the answer.
A] if the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II
alone are not sufficient in answer the question.
B] if the data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I
alone are not sufficient to answer the question.
C] if the data in either in statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the
question.
D] if the data in both the statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.
E] if the data in both the statements I and II are together necessary to answer the question.

11. Towards which direction is Village M from Village T?

I. Village P is to the South of Village M and Village P is to the West of Village T.
II. Village K is to the East of Village M and Village K is to the North of Village T.
nineteenth July.

13. How is D related to M?

I. K and D are only sisters of R.

15. Among A, B, C, D and E, each has scored different marks in an exam, who has scored the lowest
marks?
I. D has scored more marks than only three of them.
II. A has scored more marks than the only E.

17. What is the position of P with respect to Q in a round table in seating arrangement (If all of them
facing towards the center)?
I. Seven persons P, Q, R, S, T, U and V sat around a round table where P sat between U and V, S sat
adjacent to V and R did not sit adjacent to S.
II. T sat on the immediate right of U.

18. Among A, B, C, D and E whose salary is the highest?

19. How many children does Mr X has?

I. Mr X has eight sons and each has one sister.
II. Number of sons of Mr X is eight times the number of his daughter(s).

20. How is B related to D?

I. C is son of A and also father of D.
II. B is brother of C and E is the wife of D.