For the Conceptual Framework

Here are the steps that the researchers will be doing.

First, the researcher will acquire the discarded fishnets and wash it, then bring it into the shredding
facility.

Second, the shredded fishnets will be categorized into different sizes and volume.

Then based on the class b cement ratio, the cement mix, sand, and gravel will be mixed accordingly with
the added volume of shredded fishnets.

After the concrete has been thoroughly mixed, a cylindrical shape will be used as a molder.

Then, when the concrete has been set, the curing days will begin.

The researchers chose the 28 days for curing stage.

After the curing stage, the researchers will then proceed to the testing center to perform the test of
compressive strength of the concrete.

POSSIBLE QUESTIONS:

1. Why did you use the word admixture instead of additive?

Answer:
Since, the fishnets will be added to concrete mixtures, the researchers chose the
term admixture over additive because additives are only used during the cement
manufacturing process while the admixture is added to concrete mixture.

2. Stated in your BOS that concrete already has a high compressive strength and low
tensile strength. Why is your study focusing on the compressive strength of concrete?
Answer:
That statement implies that only the concrete itself has high compressive strength,
but this study will incorporate the use of utilized fishnets as an admixture to concrete. Then
with that, the researchers will determine its effect on the concrete mixture on whether it
will improve the compressive strength or not. In addition, according to Mishra in 2016,
compressive strength is one of the important properties of concrete needed in determining
how much load it can withstand as well as to assess whether it is suitable for construction
or not.

3. What is a carbon footprint, and how can your study help the construction industry
reduce its carbon footprint?
Answer:
According to Rose Morrison in April 2022, nearly 11% of global carbon emissions
derive from the construction industry. Machines, lights, heating, ventilation and air
conditioning systems, and building materials such as waste that add up to the pollution.
And this study contributes to the reduction of carbon footprint by repurposing fishnets, a
waste material as an admixture to concrete.
4. Why would you consider 28 days of curing time?
Answer:
According to Koungang in 2022, standard grades of concrete will generally gain 16%
of its strength after the first day, 40% after three days, 65% after seven days, 90% after
14 days and almost 100% after 28 days. This is why compressive strength tests are
performed after 28 days. The concrete will be near-optimal strength and is unlikely to
change much more after four weeks of curing.

5. Why did you conduct this study?

Answer:
The researchers conduct the study to help mitigate the amount of microplastic in the
ocean, to address and acknowledge how agricultural waste affects the ocean diversity
and marine life while considering the future sustainability and innovation by repurposing
agricultural waste material in an economical and practical way. As well as the reduction of
carbon footprint in constructions' industry.

6. What makes your study unique or beneficial?

Answer:
What makes the study unique is that it is sustainable, innovative and environmentally
friendly and if the result is proven to be successful it could change a lot of things in the
industry. Both in the agriculture and the construction.

7. What makes your study feasible?

Answer:
The researchers consider the technicalities by ensuring that the materials are
obtainable and also the technology by ensuring that the results, process and methods are
possible. While considering the cost and budget.

8. What will you do to obtain the ideal strand size of the shredded fishnets?
Answer:
In this area the researchers will obtain the answer of the strand size by experiment.
The researcher will prepare 3 samples with the same proportion of concrete and the same
volume of added fishnets but the fishnets will differ in size.

A. ⅛-0.5 inch B. 0.5-1 C. 1-1.5

9. How will you obtain your strands sample?

Answer:
The researchers will buy a chicken wire/mesh wire with the said size and then create
a sieving process, the shredded fishnets will undergo for at least five times to ensure
quality in terms of size then use a caliper to measure 100 pieces from each retained fishnet
in the sieve to calculate the tpercentage of error.

10. Why 3 samples?

Answer:
 According to CIP 35, ASTM C39, the range for the sample is 2-6 that's why the
researchers chose 3. And also, the testing site that the researchers are going to
collaborate with, suggested having at least 3 samples.

11. Why did you choose compressive strength as a focus in your study rather than
flexural strength?
Answer:
The compressive strength of concrete is high compared to its flexural strength but
this statement is for the concrete alone.

• Because of its high compressive strength, concrete is used to support buildings and other
structures. This indicates that it is excellent at withstanding extremely high weight loads.
Concrete's exceptional compressive strength is a result of its production process.

➢ Thus, the researcher chose to test the compressive strength since the study is for
concrete mixture along with the added shredded fishnets and not with reinforcement
for concrete.
12. Why class B concrete?
Answer:
Class B concrete because it is one of the most used types of concrete beside class
C but in terms of strength class B has higher strength than class C and thus the application
of B is broader than that of C. So the researcher chose Class B concrete that seems to be
a general-purpose concrete with air entrained inside it.

13. What are the sizes of your coarse aggregates?

Answer:
According to the requirement for class B concrete the aggregate should be 1 ½ inch
or less in size. So, in this study the researchers considered ½ crushed gravel.

14. What type of cement are you gonna use?

Answer:
Since the target is the general, any cement that is present in a local store that is
intended for binding is acceptable.

15. Why did you use fishnet as your admixture?

Answer:
Fishnet in this modern time is made from synthetic fiber such as nylon, polyethylene
terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) or plastic like
materials that are non-biodegradable. Considering its physical and chemical properties, it
is very ideal to use it in concrete because of its properties such as strength, elasticity, high
heat resistance, water resistance and most especially its ability to maintain its form under
basic chemical exposure.

16. Are there any existing studies that relate to your study?

Yes, there are studies that use fishnet but the application is different from this study that
we chose.