SESSION 5 the PHP engine to treat the enclosed

PHP AD MYSQL code block as PHP code, rather than

simple HTML
SETTING UP A LOCAL WEB SERVER

 PHP script execute on a web server

running PHP.
 So before you start writing any PHP
program you need the following program
installed on your computer.
Every PHP statement end with a semicolon
 The Apache Web server
(;) —this tells the PHP engine that the end
 The PHP engine
of thecurrent statement has been reached.
 The MySQL database server
 To save your file:
XAMPP
c://xampp/htdocs/folder
XAMPP is a free and open-source cross-  To access your file:
platform web server solution stack package localhost/folder/name of your file
developed by Apache Friends, consisting
EMBEDDING PHP WITHIN HTML
mainly of the Apache HTTP Server,
MariaDB database, and interpreters for  PHP files are plain text files
scripts written in the PHP and Perl with .php extension. Inside a PHP
programming languages. file you can write HTML like you do
in regular HTML pages as well as
 The official website for downloading
embed PHP codes for server side
and installation instructions for the
XAMPP: execution.
https://www.apachefriends.org/
download.html  When you run the code the PHP
 All files must be put in the engine executed the instructions
xampp/htdocs/directory between the <?php ... ?> tags and
e.g. c://xampp/htdocs/airlines leave rest of the thing as it is.
“airlines” is the name of the folder

PHP COMMENTS

 A comment is simply text that is

PHP SYNTAX ignored by the PHP engine.
 To write a single-line comment either
 A PHP script starts with the <?php start the line with either // or #
and ends with the ?> tag.  To write multi-line comments, start
 The PHP delimiter <?php and ?> in the comment with a /* */
the following example simply tells
  A variable name cannot contain
spaces.
 Case sensitive
PHP CASE SENSITIVE
Variable names in PHP are case-sensitive.
However the keywords, function and
classes names are case-insensitive

PHP VARIABLES
Variables are used to store data, like string
of text, numbers, etc. Variable values can
change over the course of a script.
Important things to know about variables:

 In PHP, a variable does not need to

be declared before adding a value to
PHP ECHO STATEMENT
it. PHP automatically converts the
variable to the correct data type,  The echo statement can output one
depending on its value. or more strings.
 After declaring a variable it can be  The echo statement can display
reused throughout the code. anything that can be displayed to the
 The assignment operator (=) used to browser, such as string, numbers,
assign value to a variable. variables values, the results of
expressions etc.
 Since echo is a language construct
not actually a function (like if
statement), you can use it without
parentheses e.g. echo or echo().

These are the following rules for naming a

PHP variable:

 All variables in PHP start with a $

sign, followed by thename of the
variable.
 A variable name must start with a
letter or the underscore character _.
 A variable name cannot start with a
number.
 A variable name in PHP can only
contain alpha-numericcharacters
and underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _).
 FORM ELEMENTS

 Input – text, radio, checkbox, submit,

button
 Select
 Button
 Text Area
FORM ELEMENTS ATTRIBUTES
TYPE
PHP and HTML FORMS
The HTML <form> element defines a form
that is used to collect user input
<form> NAME - Each input field must have a name
attribute to be submitted.
form elements
 If the name attribute is omitted, the
</form> data of that input field will not be
sent at all.
 Attributes – action, method, target
ACTION

 The action attribute defines the

action to be performed when the
form is submitted.
 Normally, the form data is sent to a
web page on theserver when the
user clicks on the submit button.
TARGET

 The target attribute specifies if the

submitted result will open in a new
browser tab, a frame, or in the
current window. (_blank, _self)
METHOD

 The method attribute specifies the MYSQL

HTTP method (GET or POST) to be
used when submitting the form data.  MySQL is the most popular
database system used with PHP.
GET - the submitted form data will be visible  MySQL is a database system used
in the page address field on the web
POST - form data contains sensitive or  MySQL is a database system that
personal information. The POST method runs on a server
does not display the submitted form data in  MySQL is very fast, reliable, and
the page address field. easy to use
  MySQL uses standard SQL  The connection to the MySQL
 MySQL compiles on a number of database server will be closed
platforms automatically as soon as the
 MySQL is free to download and use execution of the script ends.
 MySQL is developed, distributed,  However, if you want to close it
and supported by Oracle earlier you can do this by simply
Corporation calling the PHP mysqli_close()
 MySQL is named after co-founder function.
Monty Widenius's daughter: My

INCLUDING A PHP FILE INTO ANOTHER

PHP FILE
The include()and require()statement allow
you to include the code contained in a PHP
file within another PHP file.
In order to store or access the data inside a
MySQL database, you first need to connect Including a file produces the same result as
to the MySQL database server. copying the script from the file specified and
pasted into the location where it is called.
 PHP offers two different ways to
connect to
 MySQL server
 MySQLi (Improved MySQL)
 PDO (PHP Data Objects)
extensions.
Syntax: MySQLi, Procedural way

Syntax: MySQLi, Object Oriented way

Syntax: PHP Data Objects (PDO) way

The index.php files includes header, menu
and footer file

header.php

menu.php

footer.php