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Central Limit Theorem PDF

This document discusses the central limit theorem and how the sampling distribution of the mean approaches the normal distribution as the sample size increases, regardless of the population distribution. It provides an example using a die to calculate the population properties and then the properties of the sampling distribution of the mean when taking a sample of size 2. It also discusses how the sampling distribution approximates the normal distribution for large sample sizes of 30 or more.

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Abustan Ron Aldwyn
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44 views

Central Limit Theorem PDF

This document discusses the central limit theorem and how the sampling distribution of the mean approaches the normal distribution as the sample size increases, regardless of the population distribution. It provides an example using a die to calculate the population properties and then the properties of the sampling distribution of the mean when taking a sample of size 2. It also discusses how the sampling distribution approximates the normal distribution for large sample sizes of 30 or more.

Uploaded by

Abustan Ron Aldwyn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Central Limit Theorem

Kelvin P. Meneses
Illustrating the Central
Limit Theorem
Central Limit Theorem

If random sample of size n are drawn from a


population, then as n becomes larger, the sampling
distribution of the mean approaches the normal
distribution, regardless of the shape of the population
distribution.
Illustrating the Central Limit Theorem

Given a die, it has 6 faces in which each face has either


dot/s of x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Compute the following.
1. Population mean
2. Population variance
3. Population standard deviation
4. Illustrate the probability histogram of the sampling
distribution of the means.
Solution:

• Population mean

• Population variance

• Population standard deviation


Illustrating the Central Limit Theorem

Given a die, it has 6 faces in which each face has either dot/s
of x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Given it as the population, consider
the sample size n = 2. Compute the following:
1. Mean of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
2. Variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
3. Standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the
sample mean
4. Illustrate the probability histogram of the sampling
distribution of the sample mean
x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 n=2
(1, 1) = 1 (2, 5) = 3.5 (4, 3) = 3.5 (6, 1) = 3.5
(1, 2) = 1.5 (2, 6) = 4 (4, 4) =4 (6, 2) = 4
(1, 3) = 2 (3, 1) = 2 (4, 5) = 4.5 (6, 3) = 4.5
(1, 4) = 2.5 (3, 2) = 2.5 (4, 6) =5 (6, 4) = 5
(1, 5) = 3 (3, 3) = 3 (5, 1) =3 (6, 5) = 5.5
(1, 6) = 3.5 (3, 4) = 3.5 (5, 2) = 3.5 (6, 6) = 6
(2, 1) = 1.5 (3, 5) = 4 (5, 3) =4
(2, 2) = 2 (3, 6) = 4.5 (5, 4) = 4.5
(2, 3) = 2.5 (4, 1) = 2.5 (5, 5) =5
(2, 4) = 3 (4, 2) = 3 (5, 6) = 5.5
Illustrating the Central Limit Theorem

• Compute the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample mean

• Compute the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean

• Compute the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
Histogram
Summary
• The population mean is equal to the mean of the sampling distribution.
• If we divide the population variance by the sample size of 2, we have 1.46
which is equal to the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample
mean.
• If we divide the population standard deviation by the square root of the
sample size of 2, we have 1.21 which is equal to the standard deviation of
the sampling distribution

Population Sampling distribution


of the sample mean
(n = 2)
Mean 3.5 3.5
Variance 2.92 1.46
Standard deviation 1.71 1.21
Sampling Distribution of Large Sample Mean
Large Sample Size

• Statisticians consider a sample of size 30 or more as large.


𝑥−𝜇
z= 𝜎
𝑛

• As n increases, the sampling distribution of the sample mean gets


nearer and nearer to the normal distribution.
Example 1:

The height of the pupils in Luna


Elementary School has a mean of 121cm
with standard deviation of 5. If 50 of
them are taken as samples, what is the
probability that their mean height is less
than 120cm?
Example 2:

Opinion Research Corporation reported


that the average time of mean in the
shower is 11.4 min with standard
deviation of 1.8 min. If the times in the
shower are approximately normal, what
is the probability that the mean time for
20 selected mean exceeded 12.5
minutes?
Example 3:

The mean NAT scores of Grade 10


students is 65. Sixty students
were chosen and found that the
standard deviation of their scores
is 5. What is the probability that
their mean is between 64 and 67?
Solving Problems Involving Sampling
Distributions of the Sample Mean
Problem: The average time it takes a group of SHS
students to complete a certain examination is 48.2
minutes. The standard deviation is 7 minutes.
Assume that the variable is normally distributed

1. What is the probability that a random selected


SHS student will complete the examination in less
than 45 minutes?
Problem: The average time it takes a group of SHS students to complete a certain
examination is 48.2 minutes. The standard deviation is 7 minutes. Assume that the
variable is normally distributed

2. If 40 randomly selected SHS student


take the examination, what is the
probability that the mean time it takes
the group to complete the test will be
less than 45 minutes?
Problem: The average time it takes a group of SHS students to complete a certain
examination is 48.2 minutes. The standard deviation is 7 minutes. Assume that the
variable is normally distributed

3. If 30 randomly selected SHS


student take the examination, what
is the probability that the mean time
it takes the group to complete the
test will be more than 45 minutes?
Problem: The average time it takes a group of SHS students to complete a certain
examination is 48.2 minutes. The standard deviation is 7 minutes. Assume that the
variable is normally distributed

4. If 45 randomly selected SHS


student take the examination, what
is the probability that the mean time
it takes the group to complete the
test is between 49.1 and 51 minutes?
THANK YOU!

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