Group 1- Demonstrating Tropical Cyclone (experiment)

Group 1- Demonstrating Tropical Cyclone

(experiment)

Table 1. Tropical Cyclone Categories

Category Maximum Wind

Speed
Kilometers per hour
(kph)
Tropical Depression 64
Tropical Storm 118
Typhoon 200
Supertyphoon greater than 200

1. What does the water represent?

2. How about the “funnel” in the center of the spinning water?

Group 2- Activity 1 Plotting PAR
Activity 1
Plotting the PAR
Objectives:
After performing this activity, you should be able to:
1. read map,

2. given the latitude and longitude of a tropical cyclone, tell if it has entered the
Philippine Area of Responsibility, and

3. explain what is meant when a typhoon has entered the Philippine Area of
Responsibility.

Materials Needed:
map of the Philippines and vicinity
pencil

Procedure:
1. Plot the Latitude, Longitude following points on the map below
(Figure 2).
Points
a. 5°N, 115°E
b. 15°N, 115°E
c. 21°N, 120°E
d. 25°N, 120°E
e. 25°N, 135°E
f. 5°N, 135°E

2. Connect the plotted points. The region within is the Philippine Area of
Responsibility or PAR. It is the job of PAGASA to monitor all tropical cyclones that
enter this area.

Q1. If a typhoon is located at 15°N, 138°E, is it within the PAR?

Q2. How about if the typhoon is at 19°N, 117°E, is it inside the PAR?
Figure 2. Map of the Philippines and vicinity
Group 3- Under What Conditions Do Tropical Cyclones Form
(Trivia Making)

Q3. Where did the tropical cyclones form? On land or in the ocean?

Q4. What can you say the temperature of the bodies of water in the
vicinity of the Philippines? Is the water warm or cold?

Q5. In what direction did the tropical cyclones moves?

Under What Conditions do Tropical Cyclones Form?
Shown below are the tracks (paths) of four tropical cyclones that entered the
PAR in the past years. The tracks were plotted by PAGASA. Study the maps
and answer the following questions.

Figure 3. Tracks (paths) of selected tropical cyclones

Where did the tropical cyclones form? On land or in the ocean?
What can you say about the temperature of the bodies of water in
the vicinity of the Philippines? Is the water warm or cold?
In what direction did the tropical cyclones move?
Which part of the Philippines was hit by the four tropical
cyclones?
In the case of Agaton, Yoyong, and Huaning, where did they die
out? Near land or in the middle of the ocean?
Tropical cyclones need water vapor in order to form. Which is a
better source of water vapor, landmasses or oceans? The answer
is obvious. But not all parts of the ocean can provide water vapor.
Where do you think would evaporation be greatest, near the
equator or away from the equator?
Thus, tropical cyclones require warm ocean waters to be able to
develop. According to scientists, the temperature of ocean water
must be 26.5°C or greater. Given this information, do you think
typhoons can form in latitudes away from the equator? Why or
why not?

From the maps, you can see that tropical cyclones generally
move in a northwest direction. The reason is because there are
large-scale winds that push the tropical cyclones in that direction.
This is similar to the way a whirlpool is carried along by a flowing
stream.
As you can observe, all four tropical cyclones struck the northern
part of the Philippines. Now you know why the southern part of
the Philippines is often untouched by tropical cyclones. Where do
you think should a tropical cyclone form so it would hit the
Mindanao area?
Three of the tropical cyclones mentioned above weakened and
died out near land. Agaton dissipated in Luzon, Yoyong in
Taiwan, and Huaning near Mainland China. This means that
when tropical cyclones reach land, they die out because they are
cut off from the warm ocean waters that keep them going.
 Did you know?
Hurricanes, cyclones and typhoons are all the same weather phenomenon; we just
use different names for these storms in different places.
1. The term “hurricane” is used In the Atlantic and Northeast Pacific.
2. The term “typhoon” is the same type of disturbance in the Northwest Pacific.
3. The term “cyclone” occur in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean.

Unlocking of Terms:
4. Air Mass - is a large body of air (often covering thousands of square kilometers) that
acquires the physical characteristics – mainly temperature and moisture content, of the
surface where it forms.

5. Weather Front – boundary between two air masses with different temperature.

Two (2) Types of Fronts:

a. Warm Front – when warm air advances over the cold air or the cold air retreats
as the warm air pushes over it.

b. Cold Front – when cold air pushes under a warm air mass thereby lifting it.

6. Weather Disturbance – occur along the boundaries between two air masses of
different properties.

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

(PAGASA) – is the agency in charge of observing, recording and studying weather
conditions in the Philippines.
Depending on wind speed near the center, cyclones in the tropics are classified as
follows:
1. Tropical Depression – has maximum sustained winds of up to 61 kilometers per hour.

2. Tropical Storm – will have sustained winds of 62-118 kph.

3. Typhoon – with have a sustained winds of 118-220 kph.

4. Super typhoon- will have a sustained winds of more than 220 kph.
Group 4- Jingle Making
Write your song here. (Perform it after)
Group 5- “SIMULATOR”
Are You Prepared?
To be fully prepared for tropical cyclones, you should also put
together an emergency kit which includes the following:
drinking water, canned goods, can opener, radio, flashlight,
extra batteries, clothes, blanket, and first aid kit. You never
know when you will need it. You must learn how to rely on
yourself. In times of disaster, it may take a while before help
arrives.

Q1. What happen to the things around the hurricane when its strength is
increasing?

Q2. Where does the hurricane develop?

Q3. What will happen to the hurricane on the land?

Relate the quotation below to the topic that already
discuss. Justify your answer.
Sometimes the greatest storms bring out the
greatest beauty… Life can be a storm, but your
hope is a rainbow and your friends and family are
the gold.
-Steve Maraboli

Search for the storm advisory for basis of

class suspension.