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107 views199 pages

Tschem PDF

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Karthik Bingi
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Contents 1. Some Basic Concepts and Stoichiometry 2, Atomic Structure 3. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 4. Gaseous and Liquid States 5. Solid State 6. Solutions 7. Thermodynamics 8. Chemical Equilibrium 9. Chemical Kinetics 10, Electrochemistry 11, Surface Chemistry 12. General Principles of Metallurgy 13. Classification of Elements and Periodic Properties 14, Hydrogen and Its Compounds 15, sand p-Block Elements 16, Transition Elements (d & f- Block Elements) 17. Coordination Compounds 18, General Organic Chemistry and Hydrocarbons 19. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 20. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 21. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 22. Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen (Diazonium Salts, Cyanides and Isocyanides) 23. Polymers 24, Biomolecules and Chemistry in Everyday Life 25. Environmental Chemistry * Practice Sets (1-3) 16 74 15-25 26-34 35-39 40-49 50-54 55-63 64-68 69-74 75-78 79-81 82-88 > 99-91 92-104 105-108 109-114 115-128 129-133, 134-140 141-150 151-160 161-166 167-175 176-178 179-198 Some Basic Concepts and Stoichiometry 1. How many moles of ammonia are produced by 5 moles of hydrogen? [9 Sep. 2020, Shift-1] @23 83 (9 103 (33 Sol. (d) N, + 3H, —> 2NH, oN, + 5H, —> xNH, 3molH, | 5molH, 2 mol NH, xmolNH, 10 .3mol Bxx=5x2 >x= 2 Hence, correct option is (d). 2. Ci, can react with H, in presence of a catalyst to form C,H, as per the following tay reaction, C5H,(9)+H,(g) + C,H,(9) The amount of C,H, in grams required to produce 50 grams of C,i1, is{9 Sep. 2020, Shift] (@) 36.449 (b) 22.189 (c) 46.67 g (0) 57.119 Sol. () aay GHA + H,() ——> CH 1gGH, _ xgGH. TgCH, ” 508CH, 28_ x [28 moss} & [so cimsurmanso 28x50 0 28 x50 = 30x > = 46.678 Hence, correct option is (¢). 3. How many grams of Cu(NO,), is needed to get 1 gram of copper? (Atomic mass, Cu = 63.5,N = 14,0 =16 ) [9 Sep. 2020, Shift-II] (a) 1.00 (b) 2.00 (0) 1.95 (d) 2.95 Sol. (a) InCu(NO,),: Given, atomic mass of Cu = 63.54 = 635 N=14x2=28 0=16x6=96 Total mass = 63.5 + 28 + 96=187.5 § +: 63.5 of copper will get by = 187.58 of Cu(NO,), 187 <1 g of copper will et by = 57 = 2.958 Hence, option (d) is the correct answer. 4, Identify the law for which the following statement is true. “Equal volume of all gases at same temperature and pressure should contain equal number of molecules”. [10 Sep. 2020, shift-tI] (@) Gay Lussac's law (0) Avogadro's law (c) Law of multiple proportion (d) Law of conservation of mass Sol. (b) The given statement is ‘Avogadro's law, because according to Avogadro's law. “Equal volume of all gases under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules, ic. volume of gas (VN (number of molecules) or Vn (number of motes) {at constant temperature and pressure} 5. With reference to the redox properties of hydrogen peroxide (11,0,), which of these reactions are feasible? [10 Sep. 2020, shift-t1] (i) 2Fe* 2H* + H,0, —>2Fe™ + 21,0. (ii) 2Mn0; + 6H + 51,0, —>2Mn* +8H,0 +50, (iii) 2Fe* + HO, —> 2Fe” + 2087 (iv) 2Mn0; + 3H,0, —>2Mn0, + 24,0 +30, +20H™ @ Oana @ (0) (i) and (wv) ©.0.(@, Gi) ana) (A) (i, Gi) and (iy Sol. (c) “5 HO, show oxidising as well as reducing action. Oxidising nature (i.e. act as oxidising agent) (G) In acidic solution, HO, + 2H" +2e° 21,0 (Gi) In alkaline solution, HO, + 2e° — 208" Reducing nature (ie. act as reducing agent) H,0, —+ 2H" +0, + 2e° (is acti medium) HO, + 20H” —y 2H,0 +0, + 2° (in dkaline roedium) Hence, (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) all are possible and (c) is the correct answer, 6. What is the equivalent weight of KMnO, in acidic medium? (Molecular weight of KMnO, = 158 g) [10 Sep. 2020, Shift-I1] (@) 1589 (0) 52.79 (©3169 (6) 3959 Sol. (c) “In acidic medium, KMnO,, i. MnO; changes to Mn™ as follows : MnO; + 8H" +5” —+ Mn"* + 41,0 Hence, evant weight = 38 — TSEAMCET Choperise Chang (Given, molecular weight of KM; 5 electrons are used) “ 138 16g Ind, = 1588 ang Hence, option (c) ts the correct answer, 7. The emperical formula of a compound ig C4H,0 and its vapour density is 45. What is the molecular formula of the compounty {11Sep.2020 si, wero, at (CHO, (a)CH0 (€)C,H,0, Sol. (c) Given, empirical formula of compound =¢ 1 Vapour density = 45 Molecular formula = ? Empirical formulas show the simplest whole ‘number ratio of atoms in a compound. ‘Molecular formula show the number of each type of atom in a molecule. Relation between empirical formula and molecular formula. ‘Molecular formula = n (empirical formula) ae MM (molar mass) EFM (empirical formula molar mas) ‘Molecular weight = 2x vapour density =2x45=90 Let, the molecular forumula beC,,H,,0,. 90 (molecular weight) _| 4. Therefore en rat Value of x =2 Molecular formula = (CH,0), = CH, Hence, correct option is (c). 8. For a given unbalanced reaction, ‘MnO, +HCl—> MnCl, + H,0, which i the limiting reagent, if the initial amount for each of the reactant is 100 grams? [Molar masses : MnO, =869; HCI =365 MnCl, =1258; Cl, = 70.9; H,0 = 18] [21 Sep. 2020, Sit! (@)Mn0, —(b)HCI_ (MnCl, (Wr Sol. (6) limiting reagent is the reactant that detent how much of the products are made. The ob reactants are sometimes referred to 35 Bei 1, excess, since there will be some leftover! Limiting reagent is completely used uP- jon, tbe Limiting reagent In a chemical reactio®.& | 4 Some Basic Concepts and Stoichiometry Given, unbalanced reaction, ‘MnO, +HCl—>»Mncl, + 1,0 mt 100g 100g 69383, Balancing the reaction, eas MnO, + 4HCl —s MnCl, +2H,0+cl, Initial amount 1008 100 8 Molarmast 869 3632581870, Convert amounts to moles Lol £N1n0, = 100g x Moles of MnO, = 1008» So =1.15 mol of MnO , Moles of HCI = 100g x L221 = 2.73 mol of HCl Moles ip x St =2.73 mola Actual ratio (molar ratio) of reactants Moles of MnO, _ 115mol _ 0.42 Moles of HCL 2.73mol~ 1 The actual ratio tells us that we have 0.42 moles of MnO, for every 1 mole of HCl. In comparison, the stoichiometric ratio from our balanced reaction is below : mol 1 moles of N, ‘4 moles of HCI 025 moles MnO, T moles HCL This means we need at least 0.25 mole of MnO, for every mole of HCl. Since, our actual ratio is ‘greater then our stoichiometric ratio, we have ‘more MnO, than we need to react with each mole of HCl. Therefore, HCl is our limiting reagent and MnO, is in excess. Hence, correct. ‘option is (b). Stoichiometric ratio What is the oxidation state of Cr, when the PH of the aqueous solution of potassium dichromate changes from acidic to basic? [11 Sep. 2020, Shift-1] @+5 +4 46 = 43 Sol. (c) Oxidation state of K,cr,0, (potassium dichromate) > 424212) + 7-2) =0 Wa a xan 2 ‘The weight of potassium dichromate (molecular weight =294) required to prepare 0.04 N of 250 mL solution is [11 Sep. 2020, shift-ll] (2949 (2949 (098g (d)0.499 Sol. (a) ,Cr,0, mostly react in acidic medium as ‘oxidising agent. The reaction occurs as follows : CHO} + 7H + 66° —2ce" + 74,0 += Reaction involve ée” electrons, Thus, Equivalent weight = ‘Molar mass 294 Number of electrons” 6 =49 “+ We have to prepare 0.04 N of 250 mL solution. (250 «4=1000mL) 04 of = oo 4 and weight of K,Cr,0, is = 49 x 001 = 049 g Hence, option (d) is the correct answer. 11, Identify the oxidation states of Mn, when MnOz- ion undergoes disproportionation reaction Thus, under acidic medium. [3May 2019, shift-1] (2) 42,47 (042,45 (+444 (47,44 Sol. (d) The disproportionation reaction for MnO; occurs as follows : sainod +411” —s nino, + 2N%n0; + 2440 Hence, MnO{ is oxidised to Mn¢ ind reduced. to MnO,, Thus, oxidation state of Mn when MnO? undergoes disproportionation reaction under acidic medium are + 7and +4 s.Hence option (d) is the correct answer. 12, The molality (in mol kg™) of 1 mole of solute in 50 g of solvent is [3May2019, Shift] (10 (&)20 (40 Sol. (6) Given, Moles of solute (9 =1 mot Mass of solvent (w,) = 508 21000 w, (ing) (30 *s Molality (a = m="50 Hence, option (b) is the correct answer. 13, Ina 1 L vessel, 10 moles of methane and 50 moles of O, are present. The number of moles of O,, water and CO, present in the vessel are respectively after the vessel was heated to burn methane completely. [3May 2019, Shift-I] 4 TS EAMCET Chapterwise Chemisty 30, 20, 10 16. A spherical ball of radi A (a) 30, 20, 20 (bo) A spherical ball of radius 7 cm contai {) 20, 30, 10 (8) 20, 10, 30 56 w% iron. Find out the number of mole Sol. (b) iron present approximately in the ball)! The combustion reaction for methane fs as (d=14 g cm”; atomic mass =56 g mol!) follows : [4May 201 CH, + 20, —+CO, +2H,0 (0) 15.1 (e201 254 9, Shitt-] Initial moles 10 50 o o (8) 351 Finalmales, 0 (50-2030 1020 Sol. (b) [ According to balance equation, ratio of moles 56 w% iron spherical ball has radius = 7 ¢m of 04,0 and CO, are 2: 2: 1 respectively] et Hence, final moles of O, = 30 moles Volume = 5 SMH (7«7 7 1,0 = 20moles d=14 g/cm’ (0, s10molesand: Atomic mass = 56 g/mol option (b) is the correct answer. d x10 x mass% x volume 14, While combusting in air, 4 g of H, gas was ‘atomic mass «1000 completely converted into water. If 36 » mole 1A gem’ «10x56 «2 x49! ‘of CO, from air is dissolved into that water, a what is the concentration of CO,? 6 1000 [3 May 2019, Shift-I1] im ‘= eat mol (@) 1pM. (0) 1mM_(c) 1nM (d) 1000 mM. . Hence, option (b) is correct. Sol. (b) 17, The coefficient x, y, p,q and rin the following The equation takes place as follows: balanced equations respectively are : 2H, + 0,—> 2H,0 x Mn0¥ (aq) + yHO()) > “ “ pMnO,(s) + qMn0;(ag) + rO1 ae) 36 g of CO, is dissolved in 36g of H,O. [4May 2019, Shift) 36x10 x10" LS <.Cone. of CO, = ————— | -- {a) 3,2,2,4,1 (b) 2,3, 1,1, had 36 ( conc. (Q) (23.215 (93.2.1.24 =10? M=1mM Sol. (a) Hence, option (b) is the correct answer. x MnO? + yH,O —>pMn0, + gMnO. + 10H 15. What is the equivalent weight of methanol, if Balanced equation is ‘one mole of CH,OH is combusted to form CO 3MnOz + 2H,0 —> Mno, + 2Mn0, + 40H and H,0? [3May 2019, shit tt] xaBye2pakqqure4 @e ©5334 (@ 10.66 ‘Thus, option (d) is correct. Sols (6) 18, Match the following: _ ‘Combustion of one mole of CH,OH : —————FTan. CH,OH + 0, —> co +28, se ont Calin numb cfeaiaa” authon number of 5 2 1. Dispropation in CHO ‘carbon in CO Tcl, (i) + 2Ma(s) —> jon reaction Tis) + 2MgCl,(s)_—_ X4GBxd) 40x24 01) = 0 x40 x-2)=0 ae aon tk Metal x+3-241=0 x-220 8. a —V displaceet x+2=0 xet2 reaction 2 sompostin + i, Dec c. Difference in oxidation number = 4 Cis) + 0,19) —+CO,(9) ‘reaction “a Equivalent weight of methanol a ww. comonai molecular weight of CHOH _32_ gD 2Nabs) —»2Na(s) +H4(9) reaction _—— = —- —_—_—___—_—_—$—— rr change in oxidation number 4 Some Basic Concepts and Stoichiometry The correct answer is [6 May 2019, Shitt-1] A BCD ABCD @i tov or onmy ouromw ovm uit Sol. @ (A) Ticl, (D+ 2MaQe) 2 THGs) + MgCl (6) The above reaction is an example of metal displacement reaction in which more reactive metal. (i.e. Mg) will displace less reactive metal (i.e. Ti). ‘Thus, option (11) is related with (A). (B) 2H,0,(ag) —+ 2H,0()) + 9) The above reaction is an example of disproportionation reaction in which O-atom of HO, is oxidised as (O,) and also reduced 10,0. Thus, option (1) is related with (B). (C) Os) + 0,9) +960, The above reaction is an example of combination reaction in which carbon(s) combines with 0, (g) to give CO,(9. Thus, option (IV) is related with (C). (D) 2NaH) —2 2Nal) + Hla) The above reaction is an example of decomposition reaction in which NaH is decomposes to Na(s) and H,| ‘Thus, option (II!) is related Hence, (A) (11), (B) (1), (C) + (IV), (D) > (11) and option (a) isthe correct answer, (). 19. When 10 g of 90% pure limestone is heated, the approximate volume (in L) of CO, liberated at STP is [4 May 2038, Shift-] (44 ()20 (40 (9) 22.4 Sol. (b) ‘Limestone (CaCO,) molar mass = 100 g/mol 10g of 100% pure limestone = 10 of CaCO, But 10 g of 90% pure limestone = 9g of CaCO, 9 80f CaCO, = 009 mole of CaCO, Chemical reaction involved on heating CaCO, is siven by the equation, ©2C0, ++ ca0 + cO,.9 Thus, 1 mole of CaCO, yields 1 or Baa Lor Of SBCs vids 1 mote of COMa Hence, 0.09 mole of CaCO, will yield = 009 x 22.4 Lof CO, = 2016 Lof CO,. 20. Calculate the molality of 1 L solution of 93% H80, by W/V [dyo, =1.84g /¢c] (4May 2018, shift-t1] (085 (@) 1.042 (3.71 (12.4 Sol. (a) Given, Hy, Molality (my = 1.848 /cc} Number of moles of sol Weight of solvent in ke Weight = 93g Molecular weight = 98, weight 1 mol weight of solvent Solut da medny v 84 gmL «1000 mL =1840 ¢ 3 sop *1000 = 930 100 s So, weight of solvent 1840-930 g 98 g “0. 91 ke 042 mol /kg 21. Which one of following is a disproportionation reaction? [5 May 2018, shift-I] (@)2AgNO, (aq) + Cus) —+ Cu(NO, ),(aq) + 2Ag(s) (b) 3AQNO, (a9) + k,PO, (aq) —> Ag,PO,(s) + SKNO,(ag) (6) 4KCIO, (s) + KC\s) + SKCIO, (s) (A) 4Fe(s) + 30,(g) —2Fe,0, Sol. (c) Reaction (c) gives oxidation as well as reduction of same (one) species. Oration “5 1. 4KC10, —A_—5 4 Gh +3 KCI, leenengieenanell Toate 22. If stoichiometric quantities of KMnO, and K ,Cr0, mixture is added for the oxidation of Fe** to Fe™ in acidic medium, then Fe™* will be oxidised [May 2028, shift-I] (2) equally by KMn, andk,Cr,0, {(b) more by KMnO, (c) more by K,Cr.0, (d) no reaction Sol. (6) KMn0, + K,Cr,0, In this process KMnO, is strong oxidising agent in acidic medium. It oxidises Fe’ to Pe" Ky weak oxidising agent in acidie medium, 23, CaCO, reacts with HCI to produce CaCl, CO, and BO. The approximate mass (in g) of CaCO, required to react completely with 25 mL of 0.75 M HCLis (atomic mass of Ca = 40, C = 12,0 = 16, Cl = 35.5 and H= 1) {7 May 2018, Shift-1] (ayo (094 — (d)0.094 Sol. (¢) 2HCI + CaCO, —> CaCl, + CO, + H,0 25 mL of 0.75 N, HCl 01875mole of HCl. ‘As per reaction twice the amount of HCI is needed in comparison to CaCO,. Thus, amount of CaCO, neutralised. 001875 94 = 0.009375mol 0.009375 mol x 100 g/mol = 0.9383g of CaCO, = 0948 (24, Calculate the approximate mass (in g) of H,S required for the following reaction when 15 L of oxygen at STP reacts completely. XH,S(g) + yO,(g) —> aS0,,(g) + DH,O(9) (molar mass of H,S =34 g mol) (7 May 2018, Shift-I] (12% (0) 3412 (d) 68.24 Sol. (b) 2H,S + 30, +280, + 2,0 From balanced equation (b) 15.16 TS EAMCET Chapterwise ch, misty 3 moles of O, reacts with 2 moles 5 f 22.4 Lof O, =1 mol tas 1 21S Lof 0, =| as (ti a 3 moles of oxygen uses 2 moles of Hs 5 224 ‘) moles of O, uses G uy Molar mass of H,5= 34 g/mol i]t 2.1 Gram of H,S=| 34 x4 x2 |p= (jeg }emiai 25. Assertion (A) Ferricyanide ion oxidises #9, to H,0 in basic medium. - Reason (R) Oxidation product of #0, is0, Which of the following is true? (7 May 2018, sit (@) Both (A) and (R) are true and (A) isthe corex explanation of (A) (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not cone explanation of (A) (©) @)is true, but (R) is false (@) (A)is false, but (R) is true Sol. (a) In basic medium H,0, reacts as HO, + 20H” —+2H,0 +0, +2 In alkaline medium 11,0, reduces ferricyanide ferrouscyanide as follows: auton ; als Yo ony Thog +(82 (cng Sas 02 +1Fe Sues Atomic Structure 1. Two series of spectral lines of atomic hydrogen which do not belong to infrared spectral region are (@) Lyman and Paschen (b) Balmer and Brackett (c) Pfund and Lyman —_(d) Lyman and Balmer Sol. (d) Series of spectral lines 1. Lyman series ('=1) The series is named after its discoverer Theodore Lyman. Lyman series lies in the ultraviolet region. 2. Balmer formula (n' = 2) The series is named after its discoverer Johann Balmer. Itis technically visible part of the spectrum with wavelength longer than 400 nm and shorter than 700 nm. Paschen series (n' = 3) ‘Named after the German physicist— Friedrich Paschen 3. ‘The paschen lines all ie in the infrared band. 4. Brackett series (n'= 4) Named after the American physicist Frederick Sumner Brackett. ‘The spectral lines of Brackett series lie infrared band. Pfund series (n’ = 5) Discovered by August Herman Pfund, Lie in infrared region, 6. Humphreys series (n' = 6) American physicist Curtis J. Humphreys. The spectral lines of Humphreys series lie in infrared region. Hence, the correct answer is (d)- [9 Sep. 2020, shift-I] 2 Which of the activities can be compared to the concept of quantisation? [9Sep. 2020, Shift-1] (2) A car is travelling on the road {(b) An apple is falling form the tree (©) A person can stand on any step of a staircase (@) Throwing a playing disc ‘ Sol. (c) Quantisation is the process of constraining an input from a continuous or otherwise large set of values to a discrete set. So, a person can stand on any step of a stair case can be compared to the concept of quantisation. Hence. the correct answer is (c). What is the total number of electrons present in one mole of ethane? _[9 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] (a) 6.022 «10 (b) 10.022 x10 (©) 108.4 x10 (1.084% 108 Sol. (c) The formula of ethane is CH)— CH)), Le. It has two carbon atoms and each contain six electrons. Also, it has six hydrogen atoms, which contain 1 electron. Thus, total number of electrons = 6 + 6+ 6=18 Therefore, one mole of ethane has 18 x 6.02 x 10” = 108,36 x10” i.e. 108.4 x10” electrons (21 mol = 6.0210” particles) Hence, (c) is the correct answer. Which of the following statements is not true about atomic mass? [9 Sep. 2020, Shift (@) The atomic, mass of an element is expressed relative to 'C isotope of carbon. (0) Atomic mass of Na is 23. (6) The atomic mass of an atom is obtained by taking sum of atomic masses of different isotopes of the element. (@) Atomic mass used for an element is the average atomic mass obtained by taking into account the natural abundance of different Isotopes of that element. Sol. (c) Atomic mass is a weighted average of all the isotopes of that element, in which the mass of cach isotope is multiplied by the abundance of that particular isotope. It is also expressed relative toC! isotope of carbon, also atomic mass of Nais 23. Hence, option (c) not true and is the correct. 5. The degeneracy of the level of hydrogen atoms that contain the energy or) is [10 Sep. 2020, shift-1] (a4 &) 16 (12 Sol. (b) os +1 42, Hence, total degeneracy of orbital for n= 4will be 16. 6. Wavelength of H* ion with kinetic energy 1.65 eV is (mass of proton =16726 x10" kg) [10 Sep. 2020, shift-1) (@) 1.22 nm (b) 0.22 nm (¢) 0.022 nm(d) 0.122 nm Sol. (c) Given, kinetic energy of H* ion = 1,68 eV ‘Mass of proton = 1.6726 x10 kg We calculate, the wavelength of H* ion as follows; ae tt VEn = kinetic energy, m A= 662 x10 kg m?s 66210 2x1.67 x10 Here, ass of proton and = 0.220 A = 0.022nm 7. Which of the following statements j result of cathode ray discharge tube "tie experiment with perforated anodes [10 5ep, (0) In tho absence of elocitic or magnate St ‘cathode rays travel in straight fing ©) Inthe presence of electric or magnet ay behaviour of cathode rays i smigy a! expected from negatively charged, Patties (©) Inthe presence of electric and magnet tas cathode rays travel in straight line S (6) The cathode rays starts from the cathose move toward the anode. * Sol. (c) In presence of electric and magnetic field, ite cathode rays travel in straight line is not the result. Actually, they are deflected by elecrc and magnetic field. When the rays are passed between two lectrically charged plates, these are deflected towards positively charged plate. In magnetic field, they are deflected at 3 rt angle to both the field and to the direction of past 8. Which of the following statements is not rt about Thomson’s model of atom? [10 Sep. 2020, shit {@) This model can be visualised as a puiéra? watermelon of positive charge with pun 7 Seeds as electrons embedded into it (0) The mass of the atomis assumed tobeunie™ distributed over the atom, ‘o (c) An atom possesses a spherical shape a the positive charge in uniformly distibutet (d) This model could not explain the overall ne of the atom. Sol. (a) This model could not explain the overall neutrality of the atom, because be PPO, the positive charge is spread over 3 hee be Which the electrons are embedded 10 atom as a whole neutral, but it was Tecate consistant with the results. Hence, d ot 9. Based on the quantum numbers, what wi maximum number of element for SP el of the periodic table? —_[40$ep. 2072) (a) 22 9 2 Atomic Structure Sol. (c) ‘The maximum number of elements for sixth period of the periodic table are 32, Le. from atomic number (2) = 55to atomic number (2) = 86. (2) = 55stands for caesium and (2) = 86 stands for radon. Hence, option (c) is the correct answer. 10. In the two elements, ;, AM" and 7,82, the following relations are true. Mf, # M and Z, #2, but M, ~Z, = M; ~Z,. These elements ate (M is atomic weight, Z is atomic number) [11 Sep. 2020, Shift-!] {@) isotonic (©) isobaric (© isotopic (6) isoelectronic Sol. (a) Given, AM and 7, BM Here, My # M; and Z, #Z, [Mf = atomic weight, Z = atomic number] But, M, - 2, = M,~ 2, We know, atomic weight = number of protons + number of neutrons and atomic number = number of protons So, number of neutrons = atomic weight atomic weight Any of two or more species of atoms or nuclei that have same number of neutrons are known, as isotone. So, both elements are isotonic. Hence, option (a) is correct. The correct order of decreasing energy for the electrons whose quantum numbers 7 and / are given below, is [11 Sep. 2020, Shift-] A.n=Sand/=2 B.n=5and/=0 C.m=4 and /=3 D.m=4and!=1 (@A>C>B>D ()A>B>C>D ()C>A>D>B (A>B>D>C Sol. (a) Given, n= principal quantum number The principal quantum number is one of four quantum numbers assigned to each electron in an atom to describe that electron state. Asrrincreases, the electron is also at a higher energy and is, therefore less tightly bound to the nucleus. 1s azimuthal quantum number 11. 12, The azimuthal quantum number is a quantum number for an atomic orbital that determines, it orbital angular momentum and describes the shape of the orbital. Azimutal quantum number (1)=0, 1, 2,3, 4 Shape of orbitals =, pd. fg Energy of oxbitals sepedefeg So, higher the value of n and I higher the energy of electron. Decreasing order of energy for the electrons, =Sand!=2> n= 4and!= 10> n=4and/=1 he. A>C>B>D Hence, correct option is (a). Find the correct set with isoelectronic species? [11 Sep. 2020, shitt-1] (@) N.F,0,,Ca?* (be) Ca®*,cr", Al**, 05 (0) NP, Mg?*.F°, > (a) Mg?*, 03, CI", N5 Sol. (c) Iso-electronic species Atoms, molecules and {ons that have the same electronic configuration are said to be iso-electronic. So, Number of electrons (a) Ny =10 F 10 0, =16 ca 10 Number of electrons (b) ca* = 10 cr =i8 ae 0; 7 Number of electrons (ec) Ne Mg? - o* ‘Number of electrons (a) ‘Mg* 3 a =18 Ny =22 Hence, correct option is (c). 10 43. The uncertain! 14. 15. ty in position and velocity of a tion are 1x10 m and . The mass of M Js) particle in mot 6627 x10 m/s, respectively. the particle is (It =6627 x10 [11 Sep. 2020, shift-II) vo ot (a) on (b) tk kg oe (i Gn @ a Sol. (d) Given, uncertainty in position (Ax) = 1 x 10m uncertainty in velocity (Av) = 0627 x 10° ms“ Also, : h : cai ax-m where, ht = Plank’s constant = 6627 x107* Js ‘m-=to find (mass of particle) m= Ax-Ave4e 6627 x10 0 x 6627 x10™ x 4x 10 x10" | So We know that, nkg BE of element ‘Number of nucleons = BE per nucleon The maximum number of possible electrons ina subshell with =3 and! =2is [14 Sep. 2020, Shitt-tI] (@) 10 (b) 12 (0) 14 (@) 16 Sol. (a) ‘The maximum number of possible electrons in a subshell with m= 3,1 =2are 10, Because for, n = 3! = 2, i.e, d-subshell has 10 electrons and 5-orbital. Hence, option (a) is the correct answer. Maximum number of electrons in a subshell withn=4and/=3is _ (14Sep.2020, Shift-I] @10 12,14 IB Sol. (c) ‘Maximum number of electrons in a subshell with n= Aand/ = i.e. 4fis = 4 +1)=22«341)=14 TS EAMCET Chapterwise Chen, 16, From the following sets of quantum numbers, which set is possible? [14Sep, 145en.2020 ing (ayn=4= Om = 44.5 4m, = 0m, (o)n= (yn=3l=1m =0m, (n=3l=3m = Sol. (c) (a) As, my Sit! 0,m, #+1= Incorrect, (by As, f= Oto(n—N=9 If, m= 1.1 41 = Income, (d) As. 1 = 0t0(n—N) =f, m= 31 # 3= Inconen 0, option (c) is correct. Given the ratio of kinetic energy of electron in two orbitals is 16 : 9. Calculate the ratiof wavelength of electron waves? [14 Sep. 2020, Shift (3:4 (A) 16:9 17. (4:3 (0) 9:16 Sol. (c) From de-Broglie’s equation, h h inv PmxKE he 2 For an electrons, hae ee > ‘ 18. Which of the following results is not tue about photoelectric effect?(14 sep. 2020, sttt {@) The electrons are ejected from the meta S28 ‘as soon as the beam of light strikes © w surface. (0) The number of electrons ejected is pore? to the intensity or brightness of light. (@) There is a time lag between the string a % beam and the ejection of electrons: ‘from metal surface. (d) For each metal, there is a charact frequency below which photoelectric observed. Sol. (a) ond Regarding photoelectric effect, the St gs “option-(c) is not correct. Because, the: are ejected from the metal surface a8 00° beam of light strikes to the surface. ‘Atomic Structure 49, From the following energy levels of hydrogen ‘atom, the values of B,, and E in J are, respectively —— £ = 2.18 10°F (gay 2019, Shift) (a) 10242 x10" (0) 0726 x10" ()-0282 x10" (d) Q-0321 x 10 7 Sol. (c) 2 Ey = — 218 x10 " where, E, = energy of an electron in nth orbital. “7 Zatomic number, 1 = number of orbital For hydrogen, Z =1 Therefore, Bo 22id x10 xd 218 x1 : z 9 = 0242x107 and 21s x10" x4 = £.=0 Hence, E,, = Oand E, = -0.242x10"" 5 ‘and option (c) is the correct answer. Match the following. List Uist (A) Nodes () Three dimensional shape of the orbital (@) Subsidiary quantum (I) Significant only for number motion of microscopic objects (©) White light (i). |y{?is zero. (0) Heisenberg (M)_ Spin state of electron uncertainty principle __W)_Continuous spectrum [3May 209, shift-1] A Bc OD A BCD @v wv it om MV ov mut @im tviw Sol. (d) (A) Nodes (111) |y#|is zero because |y"| represents the region where probability of electron finding is zero. (B) Subsidiary Quantum Number (1) isa three dimensional shape of the orbital. Iris also called azimuthal quantum number (). The 11 values of (I) gives three dimensional shapes of orbitals. (c) White Light (V) Continuous spectrum because when all the energy waves are so close to each other that they appear as in continuous pattern, the spectrum is called continuous spectrum. (D)(I1) Hetsenberg’s Uncertainty Principle Significant only for motion of microscopic objects, because, according to this principle, it is inpossible to determine simultaneously, the exact position and exact momentum (or velocity) of an electron. Hence, (d) is the correct option. 21. The radius of the 2% orbit of B* ion is [3May 2019, Shift-II] (a) 423A (b) 0.23404 () 0.4232A (0.32414 Sol. (c) Radius of the mh orbit (7,) = 0529 am A For B* ion, (Z) = 5 second orbit (r = 2 x tty = SE2BARM 4 = 052944 5 5 5 7 BY) = 042324 The product of uncertainty in the position and uncertainty in velocity of a particle is 579x107 m? s~'. If uncertainty in the position is 1 nm, what is the uncertainty in the measurement of its velocity in m s™'? [3 May 2019, Shift-II] (a) 57910" {b) 579 x 10° (c) 879 x10°° (a) 879 x 10° Sol. (a) ‘According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle: acy aon where, Ax = uncertainty in position Av = uncertainty in velocity h=Planck’s constant Given, the product of uncertainty in the position and uncertainty in velocity of a particle is 579x10° m?s"t, It means Ax: Ay = 879x107 m? s“'. Also, uncertainty in the position is 1 nm. 2.10%m x Av = 979 x10" m?s _ 879x103"! “S10%m nm = 10m) or, 379 x10 ms r | | 12 TS EAMCET ChaPtervise Cheri, 23, The maximum number of electrons that can Sol. (c) have the set of quantum numbers, 1 = 4, Bieciseally charged droplet of oil locateg 1 retween two parallel metal surfaces for m, =0 and m, 3/8 [4May2019, shite plates of capacitor. <5 Forming ihe The plate were oriented horizontally, (a3 4 5 (6 plate above the other. Atomised oil Sol. (b) Introduced through a small hole in betes yg Quantura number (9 = 4 my = 0m, = 1 plates and itis fonised by X-ray, making them 2 negatively charged. First, with zero appleg Maximum number of electrons (1 = 4), = 4 clectric field, the velocity of a falling dropet ri es Was measured. At terminal velocity, the 24, Which of the following pairs has the identical drag force (viscous force)equals to the e/mvalue? [4 May 2019, shift-1] gravitational force, (a) An a-particle and deuterium ion (0) A proton and neutron (©) Anelectron and y -rays (@) Aproton and deuterium ion Both forces depends on the radius in diffrent ways, when electric field was applied between the plates then drop were suspended in mechanical equilibrium. Sol. (a) By repeating the experiment for many droplet | Deuterium and a-particles have identicle value they confirmed the charges were all small of e/m, Both deuterium and a-particles emit and integer multiples of a certain base value which absorb at the equal frequencies. was found to be1.59 x10" C, Magnetic force absent in oil droplet experiment. Thus, ‘option (c) 25. Which of the following series correctly represents the energy of the radiation? [4May 2019, shift-]_ 27 The speed of the electron (in ms“) in te is correct. (@) Radio waves > X-rays > visible > IR third orbit of hydrogen atom is approximate (0) UV > X-rays > IR > radio waves (mass of electron =9.1 107" kg) (©) y-tays > IR > visible > micro wave [6May 2019, shit (0) Xerays > UV > IR > micro wave (@) 36 x10° (218 x10° Sol. (a) (©)7.26 x 10° (22.18 «10° Energy of radiation depends on wavelength of clectromagnetic radiation. Sol. (c) Velocity of an electron can be given as follows High energy Low energy 2 Velocity (speed) [v] = 2.18 x we Gana aco tays | Mays | Uvrays) Vise | iored | Micro | Sg Where, Z = atomic number [even n= number of orbit | Shon ‘380 mm 760 mm For hydrogen atom, Z=1 => n=3 wavelength wodength . 1 Therefore, v = 218 x10° 18 x10° x5 Wavelength ) nereases ; 7 = 0.726 x10° ms Energy (£) of radiation decreases + os Haine Uaas Thus, correct order of energy is Hence, option (c) is the correct answer. Pe X-rays > UV > IR > microwaves. 28. The ratio of the radius of second orbit Hs obs 26, Inthe milkan’s ol drop method, which of te "© That of third orbit of Be?” 5 gl following force does not act on the oil drop? ‘ i (4May2oas.shiten) a) 2 OH (3) Gravitational force (b) Viscous force a 16 (C) Magnetic force (d) Electrostatic force © 56 @ 7 ‘Atomic Structure Sol. (d) Radius of an clectron (F,) in any orbit can be calculated as follows 052%10° ee where, = number of orbit, Z = atomic number For Li*-=2,Z=3 For Be*-"=3,Z=4 fu fw Therefore, Foe) Hence, option (d) is the correct answer. 29, The energy of an electron in the 3rd orbit of H-atom (in J) is approximately. [4May 2018, shitt-!] (0) 2.42 x10" (@) -3.63 x10" (@)-218 «10 ()-1.21 «10° Sol. (b) For electron in 3rd orbit of H—atom, 2xtmket whe Substituting the standard values, we get Energy -24(2) 22.140 x@noyeasnt0 yt (66x10) xO 231d «314 «9.1 9x9 L6 Energy = 221g? x10 91+ 8-76 9 x66 x 66 x10 = 242K 10" 30. The wavelength (in m) of a particle of mass 11.043 x10 kg moving with a velocity of 6.0 «107 ms™ is [4May 2018, Shift-1) (a) 1.0 «10 (0) 60x10" (910x107 (¢) 6010 Sol. (c) Wavelength = P/28ckS constant _ Momentum —~ 7 But, momentum = V2Em h * Tem 31. 32, 13 Energy (2) of a moving particle is nothing but its kinetic energy 5 im £ ell, 2x mv? xm 2 h aem Given, mass of the particle = mt = 11.043 «107 kg ‘Velocity of particle = v = 60 x107 ms* Planck's constant = 6626 x10™ Jes. Substituting these values, we get 11.043 «10 «60 x10” 6.626 x10-* * 6626 x10™ 0x10"! m The order of filling of electrons in orbitals in Ti is [4May 2018, shift-tl] (2) 13, 25, 2p, 3s, 9 3d and 4s (0) 15, 25, 2p, 35, 3p, 4s and 3d (6) 13, 25, 2p, 3s, 48, 3pand 3d (0) 1s, 2s, 2p, 35, 30, 3pand 4s Sol. (b) According to Aufbau principle the order of filling of electrons in orbitals is 157,2s7,2p°,387, 398,457, 3419, 4p° ..... Ti = 22 electrons. So, the order of filling of electrons in orbital is Th=As?, 202, 8,362, 3p 452, a Calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons respectively in }4N?~. [4 May 2018, Shift] (@)7,10,7 ()7.7,10 (€)10,7.7 (7.7.7 Sol. (6) SN nitrogen has an atomic number of 7. So, it has 7 proton. To find the number of neutrons, have to substract the atomic number from the atomic mass, So, atomic mass of nitrogen is 14. Neutron is 14 —7= 7. ash iat ‘When an ion has a negative charge, the atom. hhas gained electrons, therefore to calculate the total number of present electrons, have to add the amount of extra charge tothe atomic number, so, 7 +3 = 1electrons, 14 33. The following plot represents the de-Broglie wavelength as a function of the kinetic energy (K.E.) of two particles A and B. Identify the correct relation [5 May 2018, Shift-I] (am =my (Om >mg Sol. (c) (o)m V9 = 10x10 35. When uncertainty in position and momentum are equal, then the uncenainy in velocity is [SMay 2018, sity [a 1 fh 1h i Oy oft Ooms 2m Sol. (c) Ax = dp h pik Baki Lik mar LE 36. The wavelength (in A) of a photon having energy 3 eV is approximately. UeV=16 x 10-? erg} Ut =6626 x10” erg s] (7 May 2038 S84 (a) 3000 (b) 4000 (ata (@) 7824 Sol. () 3eV = 3x16 x 10" erg = Energy (£) 37. Which of the following set of radiations Rot be seen in hydrogen atomic spectrult? [7May 201850 (i) y-radiation, (ii) UV (iil) X-rays (iv) Infrared (@) (, i, (ivy © Gio, ©), @o.@™ Sol. (c) In hydr series FOREN atomic spectra the five series frequency range as; Lyman series UV region Balmer series -» Visible region Paschen series -+1R region Brackett series + for 1R region Plund series +18 region Chemical Bonding and Molecular Strucure 4. Find out the bond order in He,He},O, and Sol. (b) . iy In CO, molecule, carbon atom has two effective 3}, respectively [9Sep. 2020, Shitt-] pairs or two double bonds exist in it (@)0,05,2and3 (0) 0.5, 0, 3and2 The molecule can be represented as OmC= 0, In (€)0,05,2and1 (2) 0,05, 2and.2.5, CO, molecule, the hybridisation of carbon is sp Sol. (d) and oxygen 5p*. So, option (a) is correct. Bond yet 3. Oxidation state of S in H,S,0, is =m [9 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] (a8 (6 4 (7 Molecules Bond order Sol. (6) He, HO—J—-0—O—f—OH (Marshals acid) > = Hes ° ° 2H ADE A-2)=0 =.2e-4-8=0 2a12 > x=46 Hence, option (b) is correct. 4, Find out the hybridisations of C,,C, and C, labelled carbon atoms in the given molecule Hence, the correct option is (d). 12 3 2 Inco ul eee H—C=C—C: CH) 2 molecule, the hybridisations of carbon < jroo 2020, taka and oxygen atoms are respectively iC, Cy C. Cc; (9sen.2020,snit) Cs C5 Cy Moa? (a) Carbon Oxygen (ce) C, C, Cy (dC, C, ©, ” e ume we ot (b) Carbon Oxygen oF Sol. (b) (©) Carbon Onygen Among hydrocarbon bonds, the carbon. atoms, a » which do not contain any pin) bond show sp? Beis oe: hybridisation. The cabon stom, ak oa, rt ‘one pi(n) bond show sp? and which. contain two ® ip 16 Pi (x) bonds show sp-hybridisation, because pi (n) bonds do not get hybridised, Thus, (G) =sp-hybridisation (C,) =sp?-hybridisation (C) =sp-hybridisation Hence, option (b) is correct. 5. Hybridisation of boron in diborane is [9 Sep, 2020, Shift-ti] ©so* spl (@) sp (©) sp* Sol. (c) Boron atom in diborane is known to be sp? hybridised because it has four hybrid-orbitals. Three of these has one electron cach and one is amempty orbital. The two electrons of hybrid ‘orbitals in each of boron atom form two bonds with 1s of hydrogen atoms. The two atoms of boron left with that of each unpaired electron ‘orbital and empty orbital forms two bridging (@—H—B) bonds with that of twols hydrogen atoms. It is also called banana bond, Hence, option (¢) is the correct answer. 6. Match the following: __ [10 Sep. 2020, Shift-1) Uist Ust-tt AL BF, 1._Tetrahedral BOF, 1. Trigonal planer C._NH, Ii, Teshape D. NK WV._Tnigonal pyramidal The correct match is ABC OD @m nu wit (Os ou m wit @u om iow Sol. (c) BF, has trigonal planar geometry. B has 3 bond-pairs and 0 lone pair of electrons, CIF, has T-shape geometry. Cl has 3 bond pairs and 2 lone-pairs of electrons. Electronic geometry will be trigonal bipyramidal. NH, has trigonal pyramidal geometry. N has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone-pair of electrons. NH has tetrahedral geometry. N has 4 bond pairs. Hence, correct match is AIL BI, CIV, D1 TS EAMCET Chapterwise Chernsty 7, Which of the following molecules does nox exist according to molecular orbital theory» (10 Sep. 2020, hn (a) Li, (c)B, Sol. (b) fe; molecules does not exist according to molecular orbital theory. Because bond. (0) Be, order of ey Is zero, Hence, it does not exist. 8. What is the nature of the bonding in anhydrous AICI, and hydrated Alcl, respectively? [10Sep. 2020, it {@) lonic and ionic (b) Ionic and covalent {(¢) Covalent and ionic (d) Covalent and covalery Sol. (c) Many simple compounds of elements such as AICL,, GaCl; and InCl, are covalent while anhydrous but in aqueous solution, these are ionic in nature. In anhydrous condition, the (charge/radius) ratio, Le. polarisability of AP is high and hence, according to Fajans’ rule, Al” polarises CI” ions to large extent, there introducing covalent character in the compound, i.e. AICI, behaves as covalent compound in anhydrous conditions. In aqueous medium the ions get hydrated, because the amount of hydration enthalpy released exceeds, the sum total of ionisation enthalpy required. Since, the (charge/radius ratio of hydrated aluminium jon is much smaller as compared 10 that of AL’*, the tendency of [AI(H,0),)” polarise hydrated C1° ion decreases and the resulting hydrated compound is ionic in natu 9. Let’s assume the C=C, bond is acetylene is along Z-axis. Find out the correct combination of atomic orbitals with Dana overlapping. [10 Sep. 2020, sift (@)2p, of, and2p, of C, (b) 2p, of, and2p, of C, (©)2p, of C, and2s of Cy (d) 2p, of, and2p, of Cy Sol. (a) In acetylene, we have 2p, of C, and 2, C2. long z-axis, because both orbitals are p-orbi and are in same direction, ie. z-direction. ‘The formula of acetylene is CH = CH. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 10. Which of the following molecules is not paramagnetic in nature? [10 Sep. 2020, shift-tI] (0, ()O§ (OZ (OF Sol. (d) If all the electrons are paired, the molecule is diamagnetic, while if one or more electron in a molecule is unpaired, the species is paramagnetic. ‘OF is not paramagnetic because in 0} all the electrons are paired, i. Configuration of O}° (Total electrons = 18) (ets)?,(018)",(023)7,(03)" (02,)', (n2p7ARW)?) (RI_)” A,)™ ence, OF fs diamagnetic. 41. Hybridisations of carbon-2 in P and Qare respectively. [10Sep. 2020, Shitt-N] HN 0 Chis PCy 9 GAH NO —Fisgy CaHeOe Hea Pp Q be 3 fs? set ws se? sp @sx = Sol. (a) In the reaction, ew HO. CoN cit,—¢—cr, Bs C4 NO, eNO caf ely « ASCH, c,H,0; (Q) ic een 1) ‘The hybridisation of carbon-2 in (P) is sp? and in (Q)in sp’, because of 4 sigma bonds in(P)and one i (x) bond in (Q). 12, The correct order of H—N—H bond angles of ammonia, ammonium ion and amide are [11Sep. 2020, Shift-1] (0) NHY > NH >NH5 (@) NH5 >NH, >NHi (@)NH, >NH; >NH; (ONH, >NH; >NHj Sol. (6) According to VSEPR theory repulsion between : Lone pair-lone pair +Lone pair-bond pair >Bond pair-bond pair 17 {As the repulsion is increases then bond angle is decreases. “Molecule Lone pair Bond pair_Bond angle, Ns 2 2 108° a 3 107. 0 4 109°28" Therefore, the order of bond angle is NHj >NH, >NHp So, correct option is (b). 13. Find out the correct hybridisation of the central atom in BCl,, PCl,, NH, and SF,. [11 Sep. 2020, Shift-f] (@) (BCly:sp%); (PCI, : sp°0); (NH: so) and (SFg:s9°0) (b) (BCly : 5p"); (PCI, : sp°d); (NH, : sp") and (GF, : 50°?) (©) (BCly : 567); (PCy : $p°9”); (NH : $0) and (SFe:s0%0) (0) (Cl, : 36%); (PCI : SpA); (NHg : 96%) and (SF, :sp°0") Sol. () It is defined as the concept of mixing two atomic orbitals with the same energy levels to give a degenerated new type of orbitals. Hybridisation = ‘Number valence electrons + Charge 4+ Number of single bonded atoms 2 _ Molecule Hybridisation 2Cly so PCs sou NHy se Se a So, correct option is (b). 14, Find out the correct order of repulsive interaction of electron pairs in the following systems. [115Sep. 2020, shift-I] (1) Lone pair - lone pair (11) Lone pair- bond pair (111) Bond pair-bond pair (@) ) >) > a) (o) i) > @) > cu) Om>M>o @ 0) > ay > a 18 TS EAMCET Chapterwise Chen, Sol. (a) tence, opton 3) i correct answer, i¢ + Repulsive intraction of electron pairs Is as (Went ( follows : (iil) = (iv 1 molecular ori, The electron pairs place themselve as for apart as H possible in the space tn order to have minimum. 17+ Which of the sulphur compound foto, 2 S the force of repulsion. octet rule? {14 Sep. 2020 si The magnitude of different types of electronic (a)H,SO, — (b) SF, (Sc, @sr, repulsions follows the order given below: Sol. (c) (1) Lone pair-lone pair > (11) Lone pair-bond pair HQ 0 > {ill} Bond pair-bond pair (a) S04 444 2IDE5 Hence, (a) is the correct answer, HC. (on ie.) > (il) > (Mt), . 15, The geometry of XeOF, is. [11 Sep. 2020, shit] Rola {a) octahedral () tetrahedral (oy SF ADT —bx2=12€ > (cy (©) linear (d) square pyramidal 1 Sol. (@) . (]) XcOF , has one oxygen atom, which will form (0) Bch=> Sl — 2344-8 axe double bond with Xe. (ii) XeOF, has four fluorine atoms, which form FE F four single bond with Xe. (@) Se DOG atae> (oc So, it has square pyramidal geometry. Geometry of XeOF, So, sulphur in SC1, follows octet rule. ROOF 18. The hybridisation of Xe in XeO, is IN, [14 Sep. 2020, Shit Foul (se spd (e)sp'u? aw? Square pramial Sol. (a) [Note The shape is to minimise the repulsion. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer. sp” Geometry = Tetrahedral Xe0s=> 16. The correct set of symbols of the molecular orbitals given below is [11 Sep. 2020, Shift-tI) > Cm GD oC co os [: V = number of valence electrons of Xe=8 0 i) i) (w) M =number of monovalent atoms = 0 (@) (=o, 1 (il) = a", (iW = C= number of cationic charge = 0 N. of |[So ‘Shape => Pyramidal nalis m-c+ a= ts 0-08 0-4 oo nine Anumberofanioncehare = i=", 19, What is the correct order of bond lensttsy @) =x, the following molecules? [14Sep.20°"" Sol. (c) Lo, m0; Lo; -WV.0 Structure of : @il>V>t>t (i>vell (WV>i>n>t @iv>matel Sol. (a) 1 ‘We know, bond length = Bout order (80) Ny-Nu where, BO = Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 1. 0,06") M1, Of 05¢>) Bo= =25; 1, O07") 1.0} ase) 10-7 ot ans: In, the order of bond length (av) OF > (MIL) OF > (1) O, > (11) OF 20, Which one of the following compound is hypervalent? [14 Sep. 2020, Shift-] (NO; @)BF,-—(O)PCIz_—— (CH Sol. (c) > 9 Noy > O—@K— 444 +2"8e° > octet ‘0 F BF, => roe 3%2=6¢ > ‘octet (hypovalent) a gel Pay 2-DE sx2010e > cet hyperen PX a Hy C2 ISO ante > we 21. In which of the following hydrogen bonding is strongest? [3 May 2019, Shift-!]_ ()0-H-N ()O—H..0 ()O-H--F (d)F—H.F Sol. (d) Key Idea More be the electronegatvity difference between H-atom and the atom bonded with H-atom, more stronger is the H-bonding. Since, electronegativity difference between H-atom and F-atom is maximum. Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer, 22, How many of the following species are diamagnetic? [3May 2019, shitt-] He}, H,,H},H}, He (a1 (2 3 (oo Sol. (b) According to molecular orbital theory, species with all paired electrons in their electronic configuration are diamagnetic in nature. He} — Has total 3 electrons, thus it contains one ‘unpaired electron and is paramagnetic in nature. 19 H, ~» Has total 2 electrons, thus it contains all paired electrons and is diamagnetic in nature Hj ->Hlas only 1 electron, thus it is paramagnetic in nature Hi; - Has total 3 electrons, thus it contains one unpaired electron and is paramagnetic in nature. He — Contains total two (2) electrons and has no unpaired electron, thus is diamagnetic in nature. Hence, among the given species, we have only two of them which are diamagnetic and thus, ‘option (b) is the correct answer. 23. How many ions of the following have bond order of 2.57 [3 May 2019, Shift-II] Nj ,NO™ Cz ,Np CP, CN* @4 3 @2 5 Sol. (6) Bond order ‘Number of bonding electrons - Number of anti-bonding electrons 2 § a Bond order of Nis =25 2 Bond order of NO~ is ©°—9 = 4 Bond arder of 3s 49-4) e-4 Bond order of N3 is. Bond order of CE is 24, Which of the following ions has tetrahedral geometry and sp®-hybridisation for its central atom? [3 May 2029, shift-I] (a) BH; (b)NH; — (<)CO}-—() H,O* Sol. (a) Boron-hydride ion (BH) has sp?-hybridisation. ‘Therefore, itis tetrahedral geometry. H i 4 ‘| ran Tetrahedral {b) In NH; molecule, the number of sigma bond is 2 and the number of lone pairs i 20 sp?-hybridisation, Due to presence of 2 lone pairs, NH; molecule will be bent shape similar to water. 98 | A \ Bent shape (c) The carbonate fon, CO} has a trigonal planar geometry, icc. carbon is sp?-hybridised. o ll cg, Niall A rH ‘Trigonal planar (4) In 0°, hybridisation of oxygen is sp? and structure of H,0° ion will be pyramidal, oT List 1 (Compounc/ion) PC. SF BCly D. dsp* Mv. PCly v. Cr, The correct match is [4May 2019, Shift-] ABCD A BCD @v i tov oN vant @u vit it @®iomwy Sol. (a) (Av) a al 1c a (tianguarbipyramigan 50 = Shybrid orbital = sp'd-hybridisation TSEAMCET Chaptervise Chem, (B-t1) re NY P/N F (Cctahedran 60 = 6-hybrid orbital = 5p'd°-hybridisation « bea as ae ei (Square planar) 40 = 4-hybrid orbital = dsp?-hybridisation (ct) (D-V) (Fshape) 3c + 2p = Shybrid orbital °d or dsp? Hence, option (a) is correct. 26. What is the bonding nature in LiCl bond? [4 May 2019, shit (@) Pure ionic (0) Pure covalent (©) Coordinate bond —_(d) Ionic and covalent Sol. (d) LICL is ionic as well as covalent. LiCl is ionic because Li is metal and Cl is non-metal and has electrostatic force of attraction between positive Gi*) and negative (CI) ion, LICL is covalent because smaller size of Li? easi¥ Polarise the larger size of CI~ ion. Thus. itis covalent as well as ionic 27. Which of the following compounds has the highest dipole moment (D)? [4May 2019,Shitel (a) HBr (0) CH,COCH;, (HS (acoci, Sol. (b) (a) Dipole moment of HBr Ht, 4 u=16D Pr Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure (b) Dipole moment of acetone va] P ©, Z™. Chy CH due to methyl group, (ERG) lies in direction of oxygen therefore, net dipole moment increases, Ngee = 2.69D (c) Dipole moment of 135 QP H Hye, = 097 (2) Dipole moment of COC! Nos c= oF due of Cl atom net dipole moment decreases. Het = 0.69 D Hence, acetone has highest dipole moment. XeF;, is square planar while XeF, has a distorted octahedral structure. What is the correct explanation for this observation? [4 May 2019, Shift-] {@) Both molecules have one lone pai of electrons (0) Both molecules have two lone pairs of electrons (0) XeF, does not have any lone pair of electrons; XeF_ has one lone pair of electrons on Xe (@) XeF, has two lone pairs of electrons on Xe: Kes has one lone pair of electrons on Xe Sol. (d) XeE, is square planar and sp'd*-hybridised. 40 + 2ip = 6-hybrid orbital sp’d°-hybridisation XeF has distorted octahedral structure and sp'd?-nybridised. 21 F F F te F F f 60+ Llp = 7-hybrid orbital (sp°A)) (distorted octahedral) ‘Thus, option (d) is correct. [4 May 2019, Shitt-1] ust (Molecuesrons) (Bond orien A NS \ 10 B. co w 15 G. O, Mm. 20 3 03 v 25 The correct answer is A BC OD ABCD @vviu omnvva @v u mie @vvim Sol. (a) Bond order Number of bonding electrons ~ Number of antibonding electrons > (as) Nj = ols? BF, >NF, (0) BF, >NF, >NH, (0)NH, >NF;>8F, (a) NF, >NH, > BF, Sol. () BF, has zero dipole moment. F W Ss — oe In NH,, N is more electronegative than H. So, nitrogen pulls the electron from H towards itself and the direction of moment is same due to N—H. bond as that of the lone pair of electrons on nitrogen. 194 ZN, How Hyg =1460 In NF, F is more electronegative than N, All F atoms pull the electrons towards themselves and resultant dipole moment is opposite to the direction of that of the lone pair at N atom. Hence, net dipole moment decreases. “OI Gi; FM F Von: = 024 D Therefore, dipole moment of NH, is greater than NFj. Hence, order of dipole moment is NH, >NF, >BR, Which of the following have linear structure? L.SnCly Ber, MSO, 'V.NOz V.CH. (6May 2019, Shift-I] @iiVv (ILIV (o) i, MV @LMV 32, Match the following: TS EAMCET Chapterise Chai, Sol. (b) {. SnCl,Sn have 4 valence 0 electrons, which form two sn sigma (a) bonds and have one /\ lone pair (ip) of electrons over = y Sn atom, thus have V-shaped structure, Hl, Ber, F—Be—F Linear Be have two valence electons bond with 2F-ators, thus has no ip of elec and have linear structure. II, $0, Sulphur (S) have six (6) 9 valence electrons, out of which sulphur can form one coordinate L\ sigma, one simple (o)andonepi 9 0 (2) bond with O-atoms having one ip of electrons over sulphur atom. Thus, SO, have bent structure, rons Iv. NO, Nitrogen in NO, have four (4) elections in its outermost shell, which are involved in formation of |© = N—»0 | one coordinate, (tise) one simple sigma and one n- bond with O-atoms. It has no of electrons over N-atom, thus have linear structure V. GH, H—C= C—H (ness Carbon has four valence electrons which forms two sigma bonds with two H-atoms one by each C-atom) and one sigma bond between two C-atoms. It also forms two pi (x) bonds between two C-atoms to complete its octate. Thus, has linear structure. Hence, option (b) [i.e. 1, 1V and V] isthe correct answer, List! ist i (Molecular geometry (Molecule) A Tegonaipanar PO 8 Tevahedal SF C. Trigonal bipyramidal MB D.Octahedral MOO V.__ Bel nh ee ll ‘The correct answer is [6May ann ee A BC oD a BC) @voiom w mv lt om viiow @m wv 4 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Sol. (a) (A) Trigonal planar (111) BF,, because boron has three (3) valence electrons which are involved in formation of three sigma (o) bonds with 3F-atoms and has no lone pair (ip) of electrons. (B) Tetrahedral (IV) CCl,, because carbon has four (4) valence electrons which are involved in formation of four sigma (a) bonds with 4Cl-atoms and has no ip of electrons. {C) Trigonal bipyramidal -» (1) PCls, because phosphorus has five valence electrons which are involved in formation of five sigma (a) bonds with 5Cl atoms and has no Ip of electrons. (D) Octahedral + (11) SF,, because sulphur has six valence electrons which are involved in formation of six sigma (a) bonds with 6F-atoms and has no Ip of electrons. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer. Covalent bond length of chlorine molecule is 33. 1.98 A. Covalent radius (in A) of chlorine atom is [4May 2018, Shift] (2)1.98 (0) 0.99 (9396 (0.49 Sol. (6) Formula of chlorine molecule is Cl. ‘Thus, the covalent radius of chlorine is half its bond length. . 198 . Covalent radius a 0994 34, The covalency of Al in[AICI(H,0)51°* is [4May 2018, Shitt-] (3 (5 (1 (6 Sol. (d) Covalency is the number of bonds formed by central metal atom with ligands. In [AICI(H,0),]*?, Al central metal atom is bonded by coordination bond with one chlorine and 5 water molecules. $0, covalency is 6. 35. The molecular orbital theory supports paramagnetic behaviour of [4May 2018, shift] (2) Bey ()C2 (ON, (0, 23 Sol. (a) When all the electrons in a molecule are paired itis dlamagnetic and when unpaired electrons are present itis paramagnetic. Considering the filling of electrons in molecular orbitals the e.. of molecules is Be,(8) = (ols)?, (0°s)?, (025)7, (0° 2)? ©, (12) =(01s)?, (0°I8)?, (625)?, (0°25) (22p,)7,(n2,)" N, 04) =(als)?, (0°Is)?, (028)?, (0°25)? (729,)7,(2p,)° A024)” 0,06) = (018)?, (0'18)?, (62s)?, (o" 2)? (n2p,)?, (024)? (n2p,)' (x2,)! Unpaired clectron is present only in O,, so itis paramagnetics 36. The correct order of bond angles of the given compounds is [4May 2028, Shift-] (@)NH, PH, > ASH, >SbH, Bond angle 107° 92" 91° 90° 37. Group the molecules/ ions according to bond order. [4May 2018, Shift-Il] (@) (OF Lip, 03* )F.Ne HES") (b) F,03" .N,)OF.HEZ* Us) (©) Op tig FaHe3” 042.03") (9) (UpsFp.03" YN2.08 Sol. (e) Bond order of the group Oyhas= 1, Lizhas Fhas = 1, ‘He?’ has = 1 Similarly, N, has B.O = 3and 03" has BO all the species (03 Li, F and He}*) has BO =1. and both the numbers (N, and 03") has BO ‘3’ ‘Hence, these can be grouped together 24 TS EAMCET Chapterwise Chan . iy n (A) Xe atoms in Xer, 38, Match the bond order for the following 40. se ied cF, are molecules, (4May 2018, shift) Reason (R) XeF, molecule does not folk List stl octet rule. m Which of the following is correct [5 May 2019, (a) Both (A) and (A) are true and (R) is the 5 explanation of (A) Cag (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the ‘explanation of (A) oom eT (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false Toone aoee A eco (6) (A) is fais, but (A) is true @i iti iv ® ii i vv Sol. (d) © i ov iii @® i wv XeP, is sp’d hybridised. XeF, F Sol. (6) molecule does not follow octet t, / Bond order the number of chemical bonds tule due to expanded octet 10 rN ‘between a pair of atom. So, electrons. Therefore, A is ‘ (B.0) incorrect but R is correct. a a 4 41, Which of the following are correct? ‘Be, = Be. Be (No bond) (0) = [SMay 2018 su 0;=0=0 (2) (1) Blectron density in AY plane ford, ‘Note Zero bond order means the molecule is too. orbital is zero. unstable and soit will not exist. (2) The energy of 3p-orbital is higher than Electrons will fill according to the energy levels the energy of 2p-orbital. of the orbitals. (3) 3p,-orbital has one angular node. 39. Statement (A) CO, has no dipole moment, (4) 4f-orbital has no radial node. whereas SO, and H,0 have dipole moment, (1.2.3.4 (2.3.1 Statement (B) SnCl, is ionic, whereas SnCl, (23,4 @34.1 is covalent. Sol. (c) Which of the following is correct? 1. Ind,y_, orbital, electrons are present . {5May 2018, shift-] on the Xand yaxis, hence electron (2) Both (A) and (B) are not correct density is not zero. (©) (A) is correct but (B) is not correct 2. According to (n+ 1) rule, higher be the (©) Both (A) and (B) are corect sum of (n+ }, higher is the energy. (6) (A) is not correct but (B) is correct os For 5p, (n+) = 34124 Sol. (c) and for 2p, (n+) = 2+1= CO, is non-polar where as $0, ‘Thus, 3p has higher energy than 2- and H,0 are polar. 3. The quantum number ! determines ‘he Hy net =o number of angular nodes, (It is 2° ' O=tcm0” Now-poiay known as nodal plane) Number of angular nodes = value of For = 6 ~ 3p, and! =1, Thus, one angular node is present in ¥ net #0 und so orbital, poler polar 4. 4f-orbital have n = 4and 1 = 3and the Sn€h, Is ionic in aqueous medium whereas umber of radial nodes is SnCl, is covalent due to greater covalency of Sn. n-I-1=0=4-3-1=0. Shemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 42, Identify the pair that is not isostructural, [5May 2016, Shift-It] (a) PCI, BrF (b) CH, SiCl, (€)CO§$,NO3 (A) AIF3” SF Sol. (a) Isostructural species have same shape and hybridisation. [Accept PCl,, BIF, all species are is isostructural. PClg-trigonal bipyramidal shape sp'd Brfy-square pyramidal shape sp'd? i i fo RIE ca—P Br Sa 7 NE a oe sp? Identify the correct statements from the following. [5 May 2018, shitt-11] (1) The dipole moment of CO, and BF; is zero. (2) The dipole moment of NF, is higher than the dipole moment of NH, (3) The dipole moment of HI is lower than the dipole moment of HCl. 1.3 )12 (23 1,23 Sol. (a) 1. The BF, molecule has a symmetrical trigonal planar geometry, the moment of any two ipoles is equal in magnitude but in direction to the moment of the BF, molecule is zero. Same as CO 2, InNH,, N is more electronegative than H so, N pulls the electrons from H towards itself so, the direction of moment due to the N—H bonds is in the same direction as that of the Jone pair of electrons on nitrogen. fi ft pA OH e460 ON 1-024 H r But in case of NF,, H— ¢# [Jone pair] moment is in the opposite direction to the N—F bond moments, Thus, has smaller net dipole moment, 3. + Size of I-atom is more than of Cl-atom and electronegativity of I-atom is less than of Clatom, Hence, HI has lower dipole-moment than HCL 45. 25 Find the odd-electron molecules from the following. [5 May 2016, Shift-ti] CH, SC, NO Nz NO, oo ww om (a) iii iv (6) i, i (@iiv (iii. v Sol. (d) NO and NO, species are having odd electron and disobey the octet rule, Is a stable free radical. ae & No -+seven electrons around nitrogen. Formal charges and the molecule’s resonance structures are indicate. ‘The hybridisation of N in NOZ,NO} and NH; respectively is [7 May 2018, Shift-1} (@) sp, sp”, sp* (©) sp, sp®, sp® (©) sp”, sp®, sp* (6) sp. sp, sp* Sol. (a) NO; NO; NHy Number of bond pars 23 4 Numberofionepais 0. o Hybridisation state sp so Geometry linear trigonal tetrahedral planar The bond orders of He} and He, are respectively [7 May 2018, shift-1] 1 1 @p0 HAZ Cat W109 Sol. (a) He, molecular orbital has electronic configuration as ols*, *1s*. Bond order = (electrons in bonding molecular orbital) (electrons in antibonding molecular orbital) 2 For He, molecule bond order 0 2 Bond order is zero so, He, molecule does not exist. In case of He} electronic configuration of molecular orbital is ols? ols", Gaseous and Liquid States 1. One mole of an ideal gas occupies 12 Lat 297°C. What is the pressure of the gas? ’ * [9 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] (@) 207 kPa (b) 395 kPa (c) 395 Pa (0) 207 Pa Sol. (6) From gas equation, pV = nRT Given, Very n=l B= 0.0821 L atm/molik T= 2970+ 273=570K _ MRT _1% 0.821 «570 vy a2 Sa 18.99 atm (1 atm =101325Pa) = 395066.18 Pa = 395kPa Hence, correct option is (bd). 2. 4.4 grams of a gas at 0°C and 0.82 atm Pressure occupies a volume of 2.73 L. The gas can be % [9 Sep. 2020, shift-1] (0, CO NO, (CO, Sol. (4) 44 8 of a gas at STP (0°C) occupies a volume of 221. At STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 2441, 44 g of a gas at STP occupies a volume of 2.73 L, Hence, the number of moles of gas 0.1 mole of a gas = 4.4.g I mole of a gas= 441 = 44g Thus, the molecular weight of gas is 44 g/mol. It is the molecular weight of CO; gas. Hence, correct option is (d). 43. The rates of diffusion of S0,,C0,, PCI, ang SO, are in the following order (9 Sep. 2020 shi, (@)CO, >S0, >PCI, >$0, (O)PCI, >SO, >S0, >CO, (60, >SO, >PCl, >CO, (CO, >S0, >S0, >PC, Sol. (d) Rate of diffusion is the change in number of diffusing molecules inside the cell over a tine. Since, net movement of diffusion depends on the concentration gradient, the rate of diffusion «concentration gradient across the membrane Also, the ratio of rate of diffusion is inversely Proportional to the square root of the masses 2 Mass of SO, = 64 Mass of CO, = 44 Mass of SO, = 80 Mass of PCI, = 137 Rate of diffusion of S0,,CO,, PCI, and $0, is CO; >S0, >S0, >PCl; Hence, option (4) is correct. 4. Root mean square (rms) speed of 03 is 500 m/s at a constant temperature. Caleulalé the rms speed and the average kinetic ene" of H, at the same temperature. (Consider. R=833JK"'mol™) [10 Sep. 2020, (@) 500 mvs and 4.0 ki/mol (b) 2000 m/s and 4.0 ki/mot (c) 500 mvs and 4.7 kot (2) 2000 mvs and 4.7 k/mot Sol. (6) Given, root mean square (rms) speed of 02 500 mys at a constant temperature. Gaseous and Liquid States Root mean square speed in given by the following expression (Mw of 0; = 32g/mol) = note (Temperature constant, R= 833K"! mol”) MWe, 32 rns) “i, % tms(03) = yy % 500 = 2000 mis “Average kinetic energy of H can be calculate as ah me 2 [w= 2000 m/s, m =H, = 2g/mol = 0.002 kg/mol] 4 0,002 x (2000? 12 =4 x. x 2000x4000 21000 = 4000J mol" or 4k mol” 5. Which of the following describes an ideal gas? [10 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] (i) The volume occupied by a gas molecule is, negligible. The collision between ideal gases are elastic. (iii) Particles are very small compared to the distance between each other. (2) () and (ijonly (©) () and (i) only (C) (il) and (itl) only (@) @, (i) and (ii) only Sol. (d) (ap, (i), (i) Al gases are made up of a very large number of extremely small particles called molecules. All the molecules of a particular gas are identical in mass and size. The molecules are separated from one another by large space. Hence, the actual volume occupied by the molecules is negligible ‘as compared to the total volume of the gas. (ii 27 ‘The collisions of gas particles with one another and with the walls of the container are perfectly elastic, 6. Identify the correct observation with respect to the given graphs. [10Sep. 2020, Shift-I} Te Po | | [Yo , [Yo ° Ww —F (9% >Tandp>p, —(0)Tp >T,andp, >p, CR >Tyand pe>R (Te >Thand pp >, Sol. (6) In the given plot, 1>T, and p, >Ps Because, according to Boyle’s law, Veet (atconstant temperature) ? and according to Charles’ law, Var (at constant pressure) Also,

t, ‘and for a given temperature (1), as V is more, pis less, ie. as Vis more, p, will be smaller, Le. Pi >Pa Hence, option (b) is the correct answer. 7. A gas is present at a pressure of 2 atm. What should be the increase in pressure, so that the volume of the gas can be decreased to th of the initial volume at constant temperature? [10Sep. 2020, shift-tt] (a)05atm (o)2atm (c)4aim —(d) Batm Sol. (d) Given, initial pressure = 2atm Final volume = 4 th of initial volume (¥) Let, initial volume = ¥ v then, final volume = ~ (at constant temperature) 4 +s Final pressure = p; (to find) Via =YaP2 28 Ss EAMCET Chapterwise Chemisty s py MBL Yaa = tm Sol. (6) wv, a ve “ mRT Hence, increase in pressure ({.¢. final pressure) = 8am compressibility factor, p = pressure jolume, = number of moles {as constant, T = temperature, 8. Which among the following graphs, correctly represents the Boyle’s Law? [11 Sep. 2020, Shift-l] 1 t Also, curves for (Z ¥5 P) {t———— 1) If Z >1 the gas show positive deviation from a ee dy cal behaviour and is lebe compressiie (ii) 1f Z <1, gas show negative deviation v— vo (iii) No, real gas give a straight line parallel to (ph t ° t Hence, option (b) is the correct answer, icc, path id (3) only. ae @ep way (2) and (3) wee 10. The volume of a given amount of gas at 27° at constant pressure is 420 cm’. If the Tw v= temperature is reduced by 20°C at constant ea, pressure, what will be the volume of the gas? © [14Sep. 2020, shy Iris a gas law, which states that the pressure (@) 350 cm? (b) 392 cm? exerted by a gas of given mass of constant (©) 450. cm? (@) 480 om? ‘temperature is inversely proportional to the volume. 7 Sol. (6) pay or pak According to Charles’ law, {Pressure multiplied by volume equals constant k] Yon ‘We plot a graph between p and V constant Ve. Zhe temperature is illustrated below, [Constant : Amount of gas and pressure] > y= Bxy, 1 q e be ¥ = 420em?, 7, = (2734 279 = 3008 Ty = [273+ (27 20)] = 2808) v= = 280420 569 oy? | 300 em 9. Which of the curve (Z vs p) will be followed 4 yy, 7 w byatveal paar tsiSep.2020 sunt 7% THE compressibility factor z =P for 4 hydrogen gas a 273 K and 1 atm pressures [14 Sep. 2020. 2 (@) ze10 a oe A; 0 1 (©) greater than one —_(d) between zero anda”? Sol. (c) AUNTE condition (p : = atm, T= 273K) °8 For Umole (n=) of Hy(g), v= 23-4 Lol" 4 So pa PY x24 Pp mRT 1x 0082x273 1 (@) Pathway 3 only (0) Pathways 2 and 3 only te R=0.082 Latm mot ®! (©) Pathways 1 and 2 only (d) Pathway 2 only = 1.000625 Z>1 Gaseous and Liquid States 42, What is the ratio of kinetic energy of 7 grams of nitrogen and 4 grams of oxygen at T(k)? [14 Sep. 2020, shit-I] (ts2 (B21 Ast art Sol. (b) The expression of average kinetic energy of a gas molecule is, 3 KE = 5 x nkT 2 When, temperature (7 in K) is constant, KE «en (mole) OB, _ Py 7/2818 9 Wo, %, 4732 4-1 13, Equal amount of gases are kept in two separate containers. If densities of the two {gases are in 1 : 2 ratio and their temperatures are in 2:1 ratio, calculate the ratio of their respective pressures. [14Sep. 2020, Shift] @it (by 1:2 2: (4st Sol. (a) i Fora gas, density (d) = 7 For equal amount of the same gas, d es a Bohn, Ahm 4 Ti It should be mentioned in the question to match with option (answer). 14, Given the ratio of amounts of nitrogen and ‘oxygen in a particular gaseous mixture is 4:1. Calculate the ratio of number of their molecules? [14 Sep. 2020, shift-tI] (ay4:4 (b) 32:7 (4:15 (6) 13:8 Sol. (b) Number of molecules (N) = Number of mole (n) x Avogadro number (V4) Mass of gas (W)_ ‘Molar mass (M)* > New® M so, Nita a Mita Moy. Mita y Mor No, Mn, Wo, No, Mwy 432 =4 2 -32:7 1*287> 29 15. What is the approximate most probable velocity of oxygen? If the kinetic energy of one mole of oxygen is 3741.3 J. [3 May 2019, Shift-] (b) JA882% J kg" (0) J3950 J kg” (@) Va385% J kg! (0) ¥155887 J kg! Sol. (c) “+ Kinetic energy (KE) = where, aT = gas constant, T = temperature 2, = (KE) i me) (i) “Most probable velocity (MP) = = i) where, M = molecular mass of oxygen = 32 Given=> KE = 374135 ‘Substituting the value of RT from Eq, (i), we have, = 55881000 = IS5BE7 J kg" Hence, option (c) is the correct answer. 16. ‘The variation of compressibility factor (Z) with pressure (p in bar) for some gases are shown in the figure below. Identify the gases (A), (B) and (C) respectively [3May 2019, Shift-I!] 18) c) Oy N (b) ideal gas, Hp,CO, {@) real gas, No, CO, {(¢) real gas, Hy, CO, (0) ideal gas, CO,, Hy Sol. (6) ‘The extent of deviation shawn by real gases from ideal behaviour is measured in terms of compressibility factor (Z) which is defined as the ratio of pV and nT. Mathematically, 30 For ideal gases, Z =1 Easily liquefiable gases such as CO, exhibit larger deviation as compared to gases such as H,,0,,Nj etc, that liquefy with difficulty. (On, (reo, Zz “A (Wdeal gas) P 17. Diffusion of CH,(g) and O(g) occurs under similar conditions, then the ratio of their rates of diffusion is [3May 2019, shift} (2) 1.414 ()0.707 (ce) 2.912 (A) 1.732 Sol. (a) From Graham's law of diffusion: eg Mai fon V Men, here, rey, =rate of diffusion of CH, gas ate of diffusion of O, gas ‘molecular mass of CH, =16 molecular mass of O, gas = 32 Bz 7? = fam4i4 7g 72014 18. The nitrogen gas pressure inside a container of volume 2.6 cm? is 2.3 atm at 27°C. The approximate number of moles of nitrogen present in the container is [8 =00821L atm mol”! K™] (4 may 2019, Shitt-I] (a) 4x10% (b) 17 x10 ()4«104 (2 x10% Sol. (d) Given, Pressure of Ny gas = 23atm Volume = 26 cm’ = 2.6 107 L Temperature = 27% + 273=300K Gas constant (R) = 0.0821 L atm mol”! K~ From, ideal gas equation TS EAMCET Chapterise Cheri, pe 23at #26 10 * 00821 L atm mol 7K 300K n= 2x10 mol 19, Which of the following statements is not correct regarding kinetic theory of gases? (4May 2019, she (2) Gases are considered as point masses (b) Kinetic energy ¢' gas molecules increases ym temperature (6) Total energy of molecules belore and ater te collisions is diferent (6) The distribution of molecular speed of a gis remains constant at a particular temperature Sol. (c) The explanation of given statements areas follows: (a) Gas particles are considered as point masses or rigid particles (b) Kinetic energy of gas molecules are directly proportional to absolute temperature. ss KE.aT ‘Therefore, K.E. increase with increasing temperature, (©) Rigid elastic gas particles show collisions and follow energy conservation rule. Therefore, energy of molecules before and after the collisions are equal. (d) The distribution of molecular speed of gas remain constant at particular temperature. Hence, option (c) is incorrect. 20. The van der Waals’ equation for 0.5 mol of gas is most) ) (p+ 35 )ev- maar ) ) [4 May 2029, hit Sol. (b) Where, a = correction in pressure m= number of moles Gaseous and Liquid States n=a5mol 07-080) as Pp Thus, option (b) is correct (re ge)ar- err 21. Which one of the following represents Boyle's temperature of a gas? [May 2019, Shift] (@ The temperature at which an ideal gas obeys Boyle's law, (b) The temperature at which the compressibilty factor is less than 1 for a real gas. {c) The temperature at which a gas obeys ideal gas law over an appreciable range of pressure. (©) The temperature at which the compressibility factor deviates from 1 for an ideal gas. Sol. (c) The Boyle’s temperature is defined as the temperature at which a real gas obeys ideal gas laws over an appreciable range of pressure. 22, Which one of the following given highest volume of 0, at STP on complete decomposition? [4May 2019, shit-] (2) 2mLof 100VH,0, (b) 500mLof 30VH,0, ()1Loft0VH,O, ~ (d) 100ml of 20VH,0, Sol. (b) 2Hp, = p+ O49 2val ot 685) Vt 122400" mi at By definition of volume strength (2) 100 vol H,0, means 1 mL of 10, = 100 mLofo,atSTP -2mL of HO; = 2*100= 200ml of 0; (b) 30 vol of H,0; means I mL of #9, = 30ml. of 0, at STP. +500 mL of HO, = 30 «500 =15,000 mL. of E (€) 10 vol of ,0, means 1 mL of HD, = 10 mL of O, at STP. +1000 mL (1L) of H,0, =10x10000f 0, =10,000mt of 0, (4) 20,v0l of H,0, means I mL of #0, = 20mL of, at STP. £100 mL of 0, = 20100 = 2000 mL of 0}. Hence, 500 mL. of 3010, gives highest volume of O, at STP on complete decomposition. 31 23. Which of the following is/are correct for Boyle's law? [6 May 2019, Shift-1] Tht Ty 2D). The kinetic energy of D is 98.03 Latm. Calculate the pressure realised at the end of the reaction. [5 May 2018, Shift-] =16 (a) 1.66 atm (0) 2.66 atm (533 aim (433 atm Sol. (6) Kinetic energy for n moles is given by 3 KE.=2pv 3 where, p is the pressure exerted by the gas and V is the volume occupied by gas. ACG) + BE) —> 210) Given: Kinetic energy of D = 98031. atm 3 KE.=2 pv 3” s803Latm =2xpx2461 p= 266atm \ The ratio between the RMS velocity of N at 200 K and that of CO at 800 K is (molecular mass of N, = 28g mol", molecular mass of CO = 28g mol) [5 May 2018, shift-I] (a) 1.00 (0) 0.75 (©) 0.25 (@) 0.50 Sol. (a) RMS velocity (Yims) = V3RT 7M where, R = molar gas constant T = temperature in Kelvin M, = molar mass in kilograms/mol Ue Money) = Micoy] Yims(N3) = 3x 8.31 x 200 Vrms CO) = fF 8.31 = 800 «Yims (N:) | 200 _ 14.14 tim Ba) 1200 | = 05 Ym (C0) ~ ¥B00 ~ 28.287 °°? 33 32. Tor a fixed mass of an ideal gas the correct representation is [5 May 2018, Shift-11) pr Pa ) fe Ps>P2>P1 THK) M Ty hy, Ay, ©) A Ma ) q Vj>Ve>Vy Tete, THR) Pp Sol. (a,b) For fixed mass (7) of an ideal gas: (a) spac} (at constant m, 7) and p a T [at constant m volume (¥). Thus, (a) is the correct graph. (b) VarT (at constant m, p) and paT (at constant m.p). :.() is the correct graph. pat (at constant m.p) and VaT (at constant m, p). +:(c) is incorrect. 1 (d) spa oy i constant m7) and ¥ can never parallel to p for any pressure. #-(d) is incorrect. 33. Kinetic energy in kJ of 280 g of N, at 27°C is approximately (R =8.314 J mol™!K~!) (7 May 2018, Shift-1) (2187 ()37-4 — (C) 58.1 (748 Sol. (b) 80, 280 g of N, = 22? =10moles of Ny IPC = (27 + 273) K = 300K 3.x number of molx 3 x moles of gas x gas constant x temperature 2 34 3x10 x 8.314 x 300 2 = 374x105 = 374kI 34, The correct plot of Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution at different temperatures (T) is speed = number of molecules = (7 May 2018, Shitt-] TyeteeT; 1, stash Tp t, © ume S Number of molecules} ‘Speed TT, 1, leh Tz tT, ¢ a ©) Speed = Number of molecules TS EAMCET Chapterwise Chen T>Ty>Ty 4 t, t AB Number of oo molecules Sol. (a) According to Maxwell-Boltzmann distributin law at low temperature molecule have less energy. Therefore, speeds of molecule is decreased at low temperature and distributin has a smaller range. As temperature increases the K.E, of molecule increases the distibuia flattens out. Same is visible in graph. Bolum taken speed at x-axis. Ima Solid State 4. LicoO, crystallises in a thomobohedral x structure. Consider a situation where 50% lithium (Li) is extracted from the lattice. To keep the crystal electrically neutral, change in average oxidation state of Co is + [(9Sep. 2020, Shift-t] (b) 16.66% increase (@) 50% decréase (@) 16.66% decrease (©) 50% increase Sol. (b) 1iCoO, crystallises in a homobohedral structure. Let at initial 100 atoms are present of both Li and Coand after 50% Li is extracted only 50 atoms of Liis remaining. But total charge on the crystal is converted so cobalt have to increase its oxidation state. So, 100 Li + 100 Co = 400 S0Li + 100 Co* = 400 100 Co* = 350 Cot =3.5 So, after extraction of 50% Li atom new oxidation state of Coto 3.5. Change in oxidation state = final oxidation state ~ initial oxidation state 3 ‘Change in average oxidation state of Co = 05 % of change in average oxidation state of co x100=16.66% (increases) 3 Hence, the correct option is (b). Which one of the following statements about allotropes of carbon is incorrect? [9 Sep. 2020, Shift-II] (2) Graphite is an electrical conductor but the Conductivity is direction dependent. (©) Diamond is more dense than graphite. (©) Diamond is metastable. (@) Graphite is thermodynamically less stable allotrope of carbon. a Sol. (d) (a) Graphite is an electrical conductor, but the conductivity is direction dependent. (b) Diamond is more dense than graphite is also correct because of layer structure of graphite. (c) Diamond is meta stable is also correct. It is said to be meta stable, because itis kinetically stable but thermodynamically not stable. (d) Graphite is thermodynamically less stable allotrope is incorrect. Actually graphite is thermodynamically more stable than diamond. Hence, option (4) is the correct answer. If the distance between Na* and Cl” ions in sodium chloride crystal is “Y pm. The length of the edge of the unit cell will be [9Sep. 2020, shift-t] @4¥pm @)2¥em (Xp (6) Lem Sol. (6) In sodium chloride crystal, the distance between Na? and Clr is ¥ pm. +s NaCl has fec structure in which Na’ occupies all octahedral voids, while Cl” ions are present at all corners and edge centers. If, edge length = @ ‘The distance between Na* and Cl” =¥ pm (Given) = Urey + fe) = 2Y pm Hence, edge length is 2¥ pm and option (b) is the correct answer. Copper crystallises in ccp arrangement and accepted value of metal ion radius was found to be 1.14 A. Calculate the density of copper in grams per cubic centimetre. (Atomic weight of copper is 64, N, =6 x10”) [10 Sep. 2020, shift-1] (a)667 —(0)7.80 (890 (d) 10.00 36 Sol. (a) Given, copper crystallises in cep manner radius =1.41 A =141 pm. Atomic weight of copper = 64 Avogadro's number = 6 x10", Density =? Here, edge length of unit cell can be calculate a regs anrxwa ald x 2x1414 @ = 39874 pm or 39874 x10" cm ‘Volume of unit cell = (39874 «10° cm)? For ccp=2=4, N, = 60x10” i Ax64 (69874 x10 cm)? x 60 x10" f= 673=667 Hence, option (a) is correct, 5. Which of the following statement is not true about interstitial complexes? [10 Sep. 2020, shift-1] (2) Small atom like C, H or N are trapped inside crystal lattice (©) They are usually non-stoichiometric (©) They generally retain metallic conductivity (8) They are chemically very active Sol. (d) Interstitial compounds are formed, when small ‘atoms are trapped inside the crystal lattice of metals. (i) They are very hard and rigid. (ii) They have high melting point, which are higher than these of the pure metals. (ili) They show conductivity like the of the pure metals. (iv) They aquire chemical inertness. Ina bcc lattice having the edge length of 200 pm, the cation has the radius of 70 pm. The radius ratio of r* /r” is (Given, V2 =1.4, V3 =1.7 and ¥6 =2.4) [10 Sep. 2020, Shitt-I] (04 oz (07 Sol. (a) +s For bec lattice, radius ratio for r* /r” is 0.7, Le. radius ratio of cation by anion ranges from 0.732 to 1.0, Also, for bec r° ions are at corners, (1 TSEAMCET Chaptervise Chen, 7 ‘Thus, axr=V3Ba (eine and 4° =1.7%200 %200 «50m 70 2 = 082 whichis dose roo tience, option (a) isthe correct answer 7. When graphite is heated at 300°C with potassium vapour, it forms C.K compoung that shows one of the following propery, [14 Sep. 2020, si (@) Conducting and diamagnetic 4 (b) Non-conducting and diamagnetic (©) Conducting and paramagnetic (d) Non-conducting and paramagnetic Sol. (c) Graphite "+ GK (Epours {ieadaion compound ‘These are super conductors. Super conduct in these compound is though to be related tote role of on inter layer state, a free electron lke bond lying roughly 2eV above the fermi level Due to presence of free electrons of unpaired electrons, it shows paramagnetism. Hence, option (c) is correct. 8. The angle between (100) and (110) planes FCC lattice is [11Sep.2020, shit OO (as (tar Sol. (c) Angle between (100) and (110) planes off lattice is cosg= x1) + x1) + XO cosp= 7 : Yor +0? OF Yor ray + coda = 4 Hence, option (c) is correct. 9. Acompound can crystallise in to forms @ and Bwhich are fee and bec, respective, The a-form has side length of 2 pm and B-form has side length of 4 pm. The 4 their density, /p,is _[115ep- (a) 32 (b) 16 (8 4 Solid State Sol. (6) Density (p,) for a-form = 2 Nota,)? Mz, density (p,) for P-from = MZ and deny, forBtrom = MZ, Given, side length (@,) for (a) = 2pm side length (a,) for @) = 4pm. where, M =molar-mass 'N, = Avagadro number 2, and Z, = number of particles in a and form. 4, and a, are side lengths. Here, 2, =4,2,=24, = 2a, Pa _ MZ /Nola)” _ 2, x(a)? Py -MZ,/N,(a,)” 2, x(a)" Pa 4x04)" _ 256 % 2xQP 16” Hence, option (b) is the correct answer. 10. A cubic structure is formed where atoms of element X are occupied at comer of cube and also at face centers. Atoms of element ¥ are present at body center and at the edge centers. Ifall the atoms are removed along a plane passing through the middle of the cube (bisecting the four edges), the formula will become [14 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] (xy, ) X.Y, (xr OXY Sol. (c) Comer (cor) \ Body centre (bc) (to) ¥ Rectangular plane from which all atoms and removed ‘© = X,at comers (cor) and face centre (fc) ® = Y, at edge centre (ec) and body centre (be) After removal, number of atoms ratio in the aystal, 37 x y (cor + fe) lec + be) 1 1 l = [6-954 6-9 <4]: [arg xta ge: [« O5t 6-H 3}: [02-4 | > +): Bg > 2; 2 => 1: 1 So, formula of the crystal will be XY. 11, At atmospheric pressure and very low temperature, water crystallises to [14 Sep. 2020, shift-I] (©) cubic form (6) tetrahedral form (@) hexagonal form (C) tetragonal form Sol. (6) ‘At atmospheric pressure ice crystallises in the hexagonal form, but at very low temperature water condense to cubic form. Intercepts of a plane in crystal is given by a, 5/2, 3c ina simple cubic unit cell. The miller indices are [14 Sep. 2020, Shift-ti] @ 132) AE) (123) eer Sol. (a) Miller indices (ik!) of crystal are the reciprocal of intercepts along crystallographic axes (a, bc). 13. How many of the following compounds show ferrimagnetism? ~ [3May 2019, Shift] Fe,0,; MgFe,0,; NiFe,0,; MnO; Cro, (1 (2 3 (4 Sol. (c) : In ferrimagnetic substances, the magnetic moments of the domains are alligned in paralle! and antiparallel directions in unequal number. The net magnetic moment is small. Thus, these are weakly attracted by magnetic field than ferromagnetic substances and these also lose ferrimagnetism on heating and become paramagnetic, ¢.g, Fe,O, and ferrites like ZnFe,0,, MgFe,O, and NiFe,O, etc. ttitty Ferimagnetisn Among the given options, we have 3 compounds (ie. FeO,, MgFe,0, and NiFe,0,) that show. ferrimagnetism, Hence, option (c) is the correct answer, 38 14, What are two types of crystal structures shown by ice at different pressures? [3May 2019, shitt-tl] (a) Hexagonal and monoclinic (©) Cubic and monosiinic (©) Hexagonal and tetragonal (0) Cubic and hexagonal Sol. (a) Ice can assume a larger number of different crystalline structures, more than any other Known material. At ondinary pressure the stable phase of ice is called ice 1. There are two closely elated variants of ice I: hexagonal ice I, which, has hexagonal symmetry and cubic ice 1, which has a crystal structure similar to diamond. Ice I, is the normal form of ice: ice 1, is formed by depositing vapour at very low temperatures (below 140 K). 15, NaClis a fcc lattice, where Na* ions are at 16. corner and face centre position. Chloride ions are at edge centres and body centre positions. How many NaCl formula units will be in an ‘unit cell? [3May 2019, Shift-l] f@2 4 ©3 @1 Sol. (6) NaCl has fcc lattice structure, thus it has Na‘ ions at comers and face center =341=4Na’ units, Cl--ions are at edge center and at body center, =3+1=4Cl'units. Hence, 4 units of Na” and 4 units of CI" ions give 4 units of Na“Cl”. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer. Ina compound AB, A atoms occupy the corners of the cube and the B atoms occupy the body centre of the cube. If the A atoms possess magnetic moment due to up-spin and B atoms possess magnetic moment due to down spin, the magnetic nature of the compound AB in an isolated unit cell is [4May 2019, Shift-1!) ramagnetic {b) ferrimagnetic (elpamagreic, (0) aferomagretc Sol. (d) Resultant, ABisolated unit cell is ‘anti-ferromagnetic due to up spin and down spin electrons. TS EAMCET Chaptervise Chemisty 47, If an clement having atomic number 96 crystallises in cubic lattice with a densit, of 10.3 gem” and the edge length of 314 pm, then, the structure of solid is (6 May 2019 shiny (a) hep (0) foc (c) bec (A) simple cubic Sol. (ad) Given, Density of element (d) = 103g em Bdge length (a) = 314 pm Avogadro number (N,) = 60210” mol" Molar mass (M) = 247g mol" [+2 = 96 having molar mass 247, Lc. cesium (C3)} ZxM + Peat. @xN, where, Z = number of lattice points in a unit cel Thus, the structure of solid is simple cubic. 18. A compound is formed by elements of X, ¥ and Z. Atoms of Z (anions) make fcc lattice. Atoms of X (cations) occupy all the octahedral voids. Atoms of ¥ (cations) occupy 4 of the tetrahedral voids. The formula of the compound is [4May 2018, Shift‘ XYZ, OX YZ (C)HYZ OX YZ Sol. (a) Since, Z forms fcc lattice so per unit cell numbet of Z atoms = 4 In fee structure total number of octahedral void = 4=number of X atoms, In fce structure, total number of tetrahedral vids =8 ‘Thus, number of ¥ atoms = 4x8 =$ ‘Thus, formula of compound is 2,X Yas °F A Nal 08 XY, ,Z oF X FZ, 19. NaCl is heated in an atmosphere of sodiu™ vapour. The resultant yellow colour is due ( the formation of [4 May 2018, shit: (a) Frenkel detect (b) Schottky defect (©) F-centers (a) impurity defects Solid State Sol. (c) ‘Anion vacancies in alkali halides are produced by heating the alkali halide crystals in atomsphere of the alkali metal vapour. When the ‘metal atoms deposit on the surface they diffuse into the crystal and after ionisation the alkali ‘metal ion occupies cationic vacancies, whereas electron occupies anionic vacancey. Electrons trapped in. an anion. ‘Vaccancies are referred to as F-centeres that give rise to intresting colour in alkali halides. 20, Match the following. [5 May 2018, shitt-t] Ust4 Usttl “® QOOOOO 0 Feremagnatsm — 8 OOOOOO @ Anitenomagnetam — © POODOO @ Fenimagnetom ‘The correct answer is A BC A BC @o ww @ ©) Gi) @ am o wi @ oO @ Gi) Sol. (c) (a) Ferromagnetic materials exhibit parallel alignment of moments resulting in large net. ‘magnetisation even in the absence of magnetic field. OOOOOO (b) Moments are exactly equal but opposite, the ‘et moment is zero. This type of magnetic ordering is called anti-ferromagnetism. OOOOOO 39 (c) In ferrimagnets, the magnetic moment are not equal and results ina net magnetic moment, OOOOODD 21. A solid has hep lattice. Atoms of Z (anions) form hep lattice. Atoms of X (cations) occupy all the octahedral voids in the lattice. Atoms of ¥ (cations) occupy half of the tetrahedral voids, What is the molecular formula of the solid? [5 May 2018, Shift-11] (0) Xsan (w) x72 2X aYant x2, Sol. (b) Hep lattice Anions = Z, so the total atoms in hep is Z. X occupied octahed voids so, in octahedral voids equivalent to total atoms and ¥ occupy half of the tetrahedral voids So, Vis equal to total atoms, ie. Vis. ¥a2xzx! 2 So, molecular formula of compounds is = XYZ 22, A compound having elements X and ¥ crystallises in a cubic structure, where X is at the corner position and ¥ is at the center of the cube. The correct formula of the compound is (7 May 2018, Shift-1] @y OXY Om, x, Sol. (a) In a cubic structure. Number of X-atoms per unit cell Number of ¥-atoms per unit cell Thus, formula is XY. 1. “date Solutions The freezing point depression of 0.001 M of A,B,[Fe(CN),] is 558 x10™ K. If the oxidation state of Fe is +2 and Ky = 186 kg mol”!, then the total number of possibilities for different types of 4 and B cations are [9Sep. 2020, Shift-!] fat ()2 (3 4 Sol. (c) The oxidation state of Fe is +2 in the complex. On ionisation, reaction occur as follows : A,B IFOCN) 6] —+ 4[xAyB]" + [FACN) I Initial moles 1 ° ° Final moles 1a ‘a « Total number of moles of equilibrium =l-a+4a+a=1+40 Total number of moles at equili. _1+ 4a Initial moles 1 14 4x0.5=1+2=3 Thus, the total number of possibilities for different types of 4 and B cations are 3, ‘When 2.44 grams of benzoic acid (C,H{COOH) dissolved in 25 grams of benzene, it shows depression of freezing point equal to 2.2 K, ‘Molal depression constant of benzene is 5.0 K kg mol”! What is the percentage association of acid, if it forms dimer in solution? 19Sep. 2020, Shift] (50% — (b)77% ~— (0) 95% (0) 90% Sol. (d) Given, In benzene, 2CJ1,COOH—+ (CHCOOH), Initial moles ° Final moles 1 an Total number of moles of equilibrium el-at a/2=1-a/2 moles at equil Initial moles oT We know that, AT, = iK,m 2:2=(1-$)+30% ke mor" x24 2 12: a 2.2122%25 2” 244%1000%5 = 1-2=055 2 @=0.90 Percentage degree of association = 90% 3. The mass percentage composition of dry ait at the sea level is approximately N, : 63%, 0, : 16%, Kr : 21%. If the total pressure is atm, calculate the partial pressure of each component respectively are (Molecular weights N,:28, 02:32, Kr:84) {9 Sep. 2020, shift-] (@) 2.25 patm, 0.5 patmand 0.25 patm (©) 0.75 patm, 0.17 patm and 0.08 patm (6) 0.63 patm, 0.16 patm and 0.21 palm (d) 0.5 patm, 0.3 patm and 0.2 patm Sol. (a) Given, N, = 63% (% mass of Ny) 0; = 16% (% mass of O,) Kr = 21% (% mass of Kr) Total pressure (») = Then, partial EN, am . partial pressure Of Ny = B 2225p 28 mass Partial pressure of 0, = "> _—— ‘molar mass (= 32) =05p Solutions and partial pressure of Kr= molar mass Hence, partial pressure of N, = 2. 0,=05p and Kr=025p Hence, option (a) fs the correct answer, 4, Correct order of osmotic pressure of the following solutions is [9Sep. 2020, Shift-I} )30gL"'of glucose (i) 60 gL~* of NH,CONH, (i) 80gL" of glucose (iv) 58.59 L~' of NaCl @@M<0<<@% WH< R= XRT x v where, x = osmotic pressure, w = % of sample ‘M =molar mass, R = gas constant T= temperature These are isotonic. My x% of glucose % of AxM jo 585472 _ 4212 117180 2106 Hence, option (a) is the correct answer. 15. A mixture of 3.0 moles of Na,O and 1.5 mol ‘of KO, is dissolved in 1000 mL of water. The vapour pressure of the solution: in Torr, at 100 °C is [11.Sep. 2020, Shift-tl] (a)740 —(b) 760 (0) 580 (4) 608 Sol. (d) Na,O and KO,, both are ionic compounds and are completely ionised as follows : (i) Nao —>2Na’ + 0* (i (ii) KO, 9K" + 20" ¢ ) Also, ¥ inno + 1Xxo, and moles of 9 = "00° = 555 where, p®= atmospheric pressure apour pressure of solution p= 760 y 17. The observed molar mass deter Hence, option (4) is the correct answer. 16. Equal amounts of two gases of molecular weights 4 and 40 are mixed, The pressure of the mixture is 1.1 atm. What will be the partial pressure of the lighter gas in the mixture? [11 Sep. 2020, Shift-tI] (a) 0.25 atm () 05 atm (08am (6) atm Sol. (a) Given, pressure of mixture (79) =1.1 atm Molecular weight of two gases = 4 and 40. Number of moles of lighter gas = m/4 where, m= mass of gases and, number of moles of heavier gas = ‘Thus, total number of moles Hence, mole fraction of lighter gas m4 _10 Hence, option (d) is the correct answer. ed for Na,SO, by freezing point depression method is 90.0 g/mol. The molecular weight of Na $0, is 142. What will be the degree of dissociation a for Na SO, in water? {14 Sep. 2020, shift-] 0.18 ore tose Sol. (Molar ma58)cisind wan't Hoft factor massacene =o 284 50 Na,SO, is an electrolyte in water TSEAMCET Chapters Choi, Na,S0, = 2Na® + so? Wumberot bomen = 092 18, Relative lowering of vapour pressure of a dilute solution is 0.5. What is the mole fraction of the non-volatile solute? [14 Sep, 2020, shitty (1 (2 (05 Sol. (a) Relative lowering of vapour pressure of a non-volatile solute is expressed as: ap (b) 0.25 pivp = = x5 = 05(given) P where, zy = mole fraction of the solute = 05 19. The solubility product of a sparingly soluble AB, salt is 256 x10*M? at 25°C. The K; of water is 1.8 K kg mol”. The depression in freezing point of a standard solution of 4B;is | [14 Sep. 2020, tit (a) 0.432K (b)0.216K (c)0.108K (a) 13624 Sol. (b) Let, solubility of AB, (1 : 2 type electrolyte) pure water = 5 mol L“' = 5M. => Ky, = 4S? =2.56 x10 M? (given) +. $=0.04M = 004m (molal) under standard condition of the solution, Depression of freezing point, AT; =Ky xxi 218 x aod <3= 02168 [+ Assuming complete dissociation of AB van't Hoff factor! 20.How many grams of glucose are required ° prepare an aqueous solution of glucos? having a vapour pressure of 23.324” e 25°C in 100 g of water? The vapour Press of pure water at 25°C is 23.8 mm H8- (Molar mass of glucose =180 g mol”) Ta eay 2033.54 (204 rs Sol. (a) ‘Vapour pressure of pure solvent = p*= 238 mm of Hg oft ‘Vapour pressure of solution 7) = 23324" (db) 10.3 (0) 54

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