10126122, 201 PM Rotational Kinetic Energy ~ Formula, Examples and Application Rotational Kinetic Energy Physics > Rotational Kinetic Energy SCT a Lolo R Cs erry re eee Co cetera toed etceeered a] Pome Introduction to Rotational Kinetic Energy Is this page helpful? A tigid body possesses two kinds of energy: kinetic energy and potential energy. A rigid body's potential energy is the energy stored up in the body due to its position and other stresses on the body. The kinetic energy of a rigid body is a form of energy possessed by a moving body by means of its motion. If work is done on an object by applying a net force, the object gains speed which in turn increases its kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of a body in motion is dependent on its mass and speed. This article will cover kinetic energy in rotational motion and learn about the formula for rotational energy. Rotational Kinetic Energy When an object spins about an axis, it possesses rotational kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of a rotating body is analogous to the linear kinetic energy and depends on the following factors: * The speed at which the object is rotating, the faster the speed more is the energy. © The angular kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of the rotating obj J * The position of the point mass from the axis of rotation also determines its energy. The particles that are further from the rotation axis possess more roty”** energy than the ones closer to the rotational axis. tps wow. vedantu comiphysicsrolational-cnelic-energy ne.10126122, 201 PM Rotational Kinetic Energy ~ Formula, Examples and Application Moment of Inertia The total of mr? for all the point masses that make up an object's moment of inertia |, where m is the mass and r is the distance of the mass from the centre of mass, may be described as the object's moment of inertia |. It may be mathematically stated as | = Ymr’. Here, | is analogous to m in translational motion. In translational motion, | is comparable to m The axis around which you spin an object also affects the moment of inertia. Objects spin about their centre of mass by default, but they may be configured to rotate around any axis The paralle| axis theorem calculates the moment of inertia when rotating around an axis other than the centre of mass. The moment of inertia for an object rotated about a different axis parallel to the axis passing through the centre of mass islom+mr2, where r is the distance between the two axes and | cm is the moment of inertia when rotated about the Claim your FREE Seat in Vedantu Master Classes! REGISTERNOW > Free Classes NCERT Solutions | >| | Popular Textbook Solutions | >| | CBSE >> This straightforward formula holds for all objects moving in a straight line and applies to the center of mass of the object. This way the object is approximated to a point mass. Now, to describe the formula for Rotational Energy of a rotating object we need to describe the mass distribution of the object along the axis of rotation, denoting it by the moment of inertia kinetic energy, |. Moment of inertia is the measure of difficulty in changing the rotational motion of a body around the axis of rotation. The kinetic energy moment of inertia depends on the mass of the body and the distribution of the mass around the axis of rotation | = m*r’, where | is the moment of inertia, m is the mass of the body and r is the distance of point mass from the rotational axis. The unit of moment of inertia is Kg.m? The Formula for Rotational Energy is Given by Ye (I * w?). Where | is the moment of inertia and w is the angular velocity of the object expressed in radians per second. The unit of rotational kinetic energy is Joule. The Analogy between Rotational and Translational Kinetic Energies The formulas expressed for the rotational and translational kinetic energy are analogous to each other in the sense: | } htpsshwww. vedanta comiphysicsroational-inti-eneray ane10126122, 201 PM Rotational Kinetic Energy ~ Formula, Examples and Application © Mass in translational energy (m) = moment of Inertia in rotational kinetic energy (I) * Linear velocity in translational motion (v) = angular velocity in rotational motion (w2) If an object is rotating as well as its center of mass is moving in a straight line then the total kinetic energy is given by the sum of rotational and translational kinetic energies. K.Evsotat = KE vtaionat + K:Esnear = 2 (1 * w?) + (2 * m * v2) Examples and Application of the Rotational Kinetic Energy Formula The formula for Rotational Energy has many applications and can be used to: * Calculate the simple kinetic energy of an object which is spinning. * Calculate the kinetic energy of an object that is rolling, ie. there are rotational and translational kinetic energies involved. Let us look at the example of the movement of Earth about its axis. Earth is spinning on its axis at an approximate rate of once in 24 hours. How do you calculate its rotational kinetic energy, assuming it has uniform density? Solution Earth's radius = 6.37 x 10°m Mass of Earth = 5.97 x 10% kg We need to first find the moment of inertia to calculate rotational kinetic energy. Considering the shape of the Earth as a sphere we get: Moment of inertia | of Earth 10°” Kg.m? *m* = % * (5.97 x 10% kg * (6.37 x 10° my’) = 9.69 * Angular velocity of Earth = 2m radians in a day, which is converted into rad/s as: 2n/86400 seconds = 7.27 * 10° rad/sec The rotational Kinetic energy of Earth = % (|* w?) = %* (9.69 * 10” Kg.m?) * (7.27 * 10° rad/sec) = 2.56 * 10 Joules Newton’s Second Law of Rotation To explain Newton's 2nd law of rotation, let us first understand a few terms related tr theorem: © Torque- The twisting or rotational effect of a force on an object is calles tare hin expressed in a newton-meter (Nm). The symbol for torque is t. htpsshwww. vedanta comiphysicsrotational-cneti-eneray ana1126102, 201 PM Rotational Knell Energy - Formula, Examples and Application * Angular Acceleration- This is the change in the angular velocity of a rotating object per unit of time. The symbol for angular acceleration is a. Newton's 2nd law of rotation states that if several torques are acting on a rigid body about a fixed axis, then the total of the torques is equal to the moment of inertia times angular acceleration. In formula it is expressed as: @ it, Here lar is a scalar quantity that can either be positive or negative depending on whether the rotation is clockwise or counterclockwise. Counterclockwise angular acceleration is considered positive, and clockwise is considered negative Torque The rotational equivalent of linear force is torque. Depending on the subject of study, it is also known as the moment, moment of force, rotating force, or turning effect. Archimedes’ study of the use of levers gave birth to the idea. Torque is a twist of an item around a given axis, similar to how a linear force is a push or a pull. The product of the magnitude of the force and the perpendicular distance of the line of action of a force from the axis of rotation is another definition of torque. Torque is usually represented by the lowercase Greek letter tau or symbol t. When the term "moment of force” is used, it is usually abbreviated as M Flywheel The usage of a flywheel can smooth out energy fluctuations and make the energy flow of an intermittently working machine more consistent. In most combustion piston engines, flywheels are employed In a flywheel, energy is stored mechanically as kinetic energy. A flywheel that stores and provides mechanical energy in the form of rotating kinetic energy has been studied for decades, but its use in automotive systems has been limited due to its hefty weight and expensive cost. The development of flywheel energy storage systems has been expedited by recent advancements in frictionless magnetic bearings, carbon-fiber composite materials, manufacturing techniques, and advanced power electronic controllers. Conclusion Rotational Kinetic Energy is a form of energy possessed by a moving body by means ¢” motion. The kinetic energy of a body in motion is dependent on its mass and speed. article will cover kinetic energy in rotational motion and learn about the formula ror rotational energy. htpsshwww. vedanta comphysicsroational-cnti-eneray Is this page helpful? {ssc} ana10126122, 201 PM Rotational Kinetic Energy ~ Formula, Examples and Application Prepare better for CBSE Class 10 Try * + "" 9 forfree @ LVE classes with top teachers } in-class doubt-soiving (GF Practice tste and quizzes Latest Vedantu courses for you (Grade 11 Science | ALLBOARDS | JE | English v JEE 2-Year (2022-24) Ey Academic year 2022-24 4 ENGLISH (J) Unlimited access til final school exam © see Ful course @ 1000+ chapter spec short courses Physics A Chemistry & Maths 20,000 for 2 years Recently Updated Pages J : Lin) —Babntinitmieation hitpsuwow. vedantu comiphysicsrolational-cnelic-energy nz10126122, 2:01 PM Rotational Kinetic Energy ~ Formula, Examples and Application Typmeery, Metiates i orp Exapmalso ips Hie. Farth- Fortnation, sductioDy Equation, df ton ‘Questions oo Trending topics ooo FAQs on Rotational Kinetic Energy 1. What is the work-energy principle? a ‘According to the work-energy theorem, the change in the kinetic energy of an object equals the net work done by forces on it. It is expressed as: Whet = K « Kg = AK, where Wnet is the net work done, K is the final Kinetic energy and KO is the initial Kinetic ‘energy. The network is calculated by subtracting the initial kinetic energy of the object from its final kinetic energy. ‘Wnet =( % m * vfinal) - (4 * m * vinitial) htpsshwww. vedanta comphysicsroational-cnti-eneray enz10726722, 2.01 PM Rotational Knee Energy ~ Formula, Examples and Appteaion This work-energy formula is used widely in solving mechanical problems and it can be derived from the law of conservation of energy. 2. What is the law of conservation of energy? 3. What is the SI unit of rotational kinetic energy? Vv 4. What is rotational kinetic energy in simple terms? v 5. What is the difference between rotational kinetic energy and linear kinetic v energy? 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