Empowerment Technologies LESSONS 1-15

March 31, 2018regisjoyce

LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO ICT

ICT (Information and Communication)

● It deals with the use of different communication technologies such as mobile phones,
telephone, Internet to locate, save, send and edit information

● Is a study of computers as data processing tools. It introduces students to the

fundamental of using computer systems in an internet environment.

ICT in the Philippines

● Philippines is dub as the ‘’ICT Hub of Asia” because of huge growth of ICT-related
jobs, one of which is BPO, Business Process Outsourcing, or call centers.

● ICT Department in the Philippines is responsible for the planning, development and
promotion of the country’s information and communications technology (ICT) agenda
in support of national development.

COMPUTER – an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form,
according to instructions given to it in a variable program.

INTERNET – is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the internet
protocol suite (TCIP/IP) to link billions of devices worldwide.

● Means of connecting a computer to any other computer anywhere in the world via
dedicated routers and servers.

● Sometimes called simply ‘’the Net’’, is a worldwide system of computer networks- a

network of networks in which the users at any one computer can get information
from any other computer.

World Wide Web ( WWW / W3 )

● An information system on the internet that allows documents to be connected to

other documents by hypertext links, enabling the user to search for information by
moving from one document to another.

● Is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by
URLs, interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet.

● Invented by Tim-Berners Lee in 1989

Web Pages

● Web page is a hypertext document connected to the World Wide Web. It is a

document that is suitable for the World Wide Web.

The different online platforms of World Wide Web:

1. WEB 1.0 / STATIC WEB PAGE

● Refers to the first stage in the World Wide Web, which was entirely made up
of the Web pages connected by hyperlinks.

● Basically, this first version of the Web consisted of a few people creating web
pages and content and web pages for a large group of readers, allowing them
to access facts, information, and content from the sources.

● This web version dealt was dedicated to users searching for data. This web
version is sometimes called “the read-only Web” because it lacks the
necessary forms, visuals, controls, and interactivity we enjoy on today’s
Internet.

● People use the term “Web 1.0” to describe the earliest form of the Internet.
Users saw the first example of a worldwide network that hinted at future
digital communication and information-sharing potential.

FEATURES OF WEB 1.0

● No user-to-server communication
● Static websites
● Content browsing only
● Hyper-linking and bookmarking pages
● Read-only Web

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF WEB 1.0

● It’s made up of static pages connected to a system via hyperlinks

● It has HTML 3.2 elements like frames and tables

● HTML forms get sent through e-mail

● The content comes from the server's filesystem, not a relational database
management system

● It features GIF buttons and graphics

● Take a real-world dictionary, digitize everything in it, and make it accessible to

people online to look at (but not be able to react to it). Boom. That’s Web 1.0.

2. WEB 2.0 / DYNAMIC WEB PAGE

 ● Is the evolution of web 1.0 by adding dynamic web pages. The user is able to
see website differently than others e.g. social networking sites, wikis, video
sharing sites.

● Allows users to interact with the

page; instead of just reading the page, the user may be able to comment or
create something.

● Known as “the participative social Web.” — Web 2.0 is a better, more

enhanced version of its predecessor, incorporating web browser technologies
such as JavaScript frameworks.

● Mobile Internet access and the rise of social networks have contributed to a
dramatic upturn in Web 2.0’s growth. This explosion is also fueled by the
rampant popularity of mobile devices such as Android-powered devices and
iPhones. In addition, Web 2.0's growth made it possible for apps such as
TikTok, Twitter, and YouTube to expand and dominate the online landscape.

FEATURES OF WEB 2.0

● Improved user interaction over Web 1.0
● Web applications introduced
● Functions such as online documents, video streaming, etc.
● Everything moves online; information and apps are stored on servers
● Interactive advertising and pay-per-click
● Cloud computing operations
● Centralized data
● Read and Write Web

● Folksonomy – allows user to categorize and classify information using freely chosen
keywords e.g. tagging by FB, Twitter, use tags that start with the sign #, referred to as
hashtag.

● Rich User Experience – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input.

● User Participation – The owner of the website is not the only one who is able to put
content. Others are able to place a content of their own by means of comments,
reviews and evaluation e.g. Lazada, Amazon.

● Long Tail – services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase.
This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of
time you spent in the internet.

● Software as a services – users will be subscribe to a software only when needed

rather than purchasing them e.g. Google docs used to create and edit word
processing and spread sheet.

● Mass Participation – diverse information sharing through universal web access.

Web 2.0’s content is based on people from various cultures.
SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF WEB 2.0
● It offers free information sorting, allowing users to retrieve and classify data
collectively

● It contains dynamic content that responds to the user’s input

● It employs Developed Application Programming Interfaces (API)

It encourages self-usage and allows forms of interaction like:

● Podcasting
● Social media
● Tagging
● Blogging
● Commenting
● Curating with RSS
● Social networking
● Web content voting
● It’s used by society at large and not limited to specific communities.

3. WEB 3.0 / SEMANTIC WEB PAGE

● Aims to have machines (or servers) understand the user’s preferences
to be able to deliver web content.

● Also known as the “third-generation internet”, is the next evolution of the

World Wide Web. It provides a data-driven Semantic Web employing a
machine-based understanding of data with the objective of developing a more
intelligent and connected web experience for users.

FEATURES OF WEB 3.0

● Intelligent, web-based functionalities and applications
● Decentralized processes
● A fusion of Web technology and Knowledge Representation
● Behavioral advertising and engagement
● Edge computing
● Live videos
● The Internet of Things (IoT)
● Semantic searches
● Read, Write, and Control Web

● Web 3.0, which is also referred to as Web3, is built on a foundation consisting of the
core ideas of decentralization, openness, and more excellent user utility. Web 3.0 is
the “read, write, execute Web.”

● This Web interaction and utilization stage moves users away from centralized
platforms like Facebook, Google, or Twitter and towards decentralized, nearly
anonymous platforms. World Wide Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee initially called
Web 3.0 the Semantic Web and envisioned an intelligent, autonomous, and open
 Internet that used Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to act as a "global
brain" and process content conceptually and contextually.

● This idealized version didn’t quite pan out due to technological limitations, like how
expensive and complicated it is to convert human language into something readily
understood by computers.

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF WEB 3.0

● It's a semantic web, where the web technology evolves into a tool that lets users
create, share, and connect content via search and analysis. It is based on
comprehension of words instead of numbers and keywords.

● It incorporates Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. If these concepts are

combined with Natural Language Processing (NLP), the result is a computer that
uses Web 3.0 to become smarter and more responsive to user needs.

● It presents the connectivity of multiple devices and applications through the Internet
of Things (IoT). Semantic metadata makes this process possible, allowing all
available information to be effectively leveraged. In addition, people can connect to
the Internet anytime, anywhere, without needing a computer or smart device.

● It offers users the freedom to interact publicly or privately without having an

intermediary expose them to risks, therefore offering people “trustless” data.

● It uses 3-D graphics. In fact, we already see this in computer games, virtual tours,
and e-commerce.

● It facilitates participation without needing authorization from a governing body. It’s

permissionless.

It can be used for:

● Metaverses
– A 3D-rendered, boundless, virtual world.

● Blockchain games
– They allow users to have actual
ownership of in-game resources,
following the principles of NFTs

● Privacy and digital infrastructure

– This use includes zero-knowledge proofs
and more secure personal information

● Decentralised finance
– This use includes payment Blockchains,
peer-to-peer digital financial
transactions, smart contracts, and
 cryptocurrency

● Decentralized autonomous organizations

– Community members own online
communities

– Remember that Web 3.0 isn't entirely in place.

– Elements of Web 3.0 working their way into our Internet experiences, such as NFTs,
Blockchain, Distributed ledgers, and the AR cloud.

– Siri is Web 3.0 technology, as is the Internet of Things.

– However, if and when the full implementation happens, it will be closer to Berners-Lee's
initial vision of Web 3.0. As he puts it, it will be a place with "no permission is needed from a
central authority to post anything … there is no central controlling node, and so no single
point of failure … and no "kill switch."

SIMILARITIES OF WEB 1.0, 2.0 & 3.0

● They all deal with the relationship between end-users and information
● They all provide users with an iteration of the “read” function
● They all rely on the Internet to expedite their tasks

TRENDS IN ICT

1. TECHNOLOGICAL CONVERGENCE
● is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or
task. For example, besides using your personal computer to create word
documents, you can now use your smartphone.

2. SOCIAL MEDIA
● is a website, application, or online channel that enables web users web users
to create , co-create, discuss modify, and exchange user generated content.

3. MOBILES TECHNOLOGIES
● The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise over the
years. This is largely because of the devices capability to do the tasks that
were originally found in PCs. Several of these devices are capable of using a
high-speed internet. Today the latest model devices use 4G Networking
(LTE), which is currently the fastest.
MOBILE OS

iOS – use in apple devices such as iPhone and iPad

Android – an open source OS developed by Google. Being open source means mobile
phone companies use this OS for free.
Blackberry OS – use in blackberry devices

Windows phone OS – A closed source and proprietary operating system developed by

Microsoft.

Symbian – the original smartphone OS. Used by Nokia devices

WebOS – originally used in smartphone; now in smart TVs.

Windows Mobile – developed by Microsoft for smartphones and pocket PCs

4. ASSISTIVE MEDIAS
● is a non- profit service designed to help people who have visual and reading
impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read to the user.

EXAMPLE: Yahoo!, Gmail, HotmailCloud computing-distributed computing on internet or

delivery of computing service over the internet.

● Instead of running an e-mail program on your computer, you log in to a Web

e-mail account remotely. The software and storage for your account doesn’t
exist on your computer – it’s on the service’s computer cloud.

It has three components

● Client computers – clients are the device that the end user interact with cloud.

● Distributed Servers – Often servers are in geographically different places, but

server acts as if they are working next to each other.

● Datacenters – It is collection of servers where application is placed and is

accessed via Internet

SIX TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIAS

1. SOCIAL MEDIAS – These are sites that allows you to connect with other people with
the same interests or background. Once the user creates his/her account, he/she can
set up a profile, add people, share content, etc

Example: Facebook and Google+

2. BOOKMARKING SITES – Sites that allow you to store and manage links to various
website and resources. Most of the sites allow you to create a tag to others.

Example: Stumble Upon, Pinterest

 3. SOCIAL NEWS – Sites that allow users to post their own news items or links to other
news sources. The users can also comment on the post and comments may also be
rank.

Example: Reddit and Digg

4. MEDIA SHARING – sites that allow you to upload and share media content like
images, music and video.

Example: Flickr, YouTube and Instagram

5. MICROBLOGGING – focus on short updates from the user. Those that subscribed to
the user will be able to receive these updates.

Example: Twitter and Plurk

6. BLOGS AND FORUMS – allow user to post their content. Other users are able to
comment on the said topic.

Example: Blogger, WordPress and Tumblr